Repurposing

Plastic Bottles (with LED Lights) repurposed as a chandelier during Ramadan in the Muslim Quarter, Jerusalem

Repurposing is the process by which an object with one use value is transformed or redeployed as an object with an alternative use value. This kind of activity is as old as human civilization, with many contemporary scholars investigating that way that different societies re-appropriate the artifacts of older cultures in new and creative ways. ^[1] More recently, repurposing has been celebrated by 21st century hobbyists and arts-and-crafts organizations such as Instructables and other Maker culture communities as a means of creatively responding to the ecological and economic crises of the 21st century. Recent scholarship has attempted to relate these activities to American left- and right-libertarianism. ^{[2] [3]}

Repurposing is the use of a tool being re-channeled into being another tool, usually for a purpose unintended by the original tool-maker. Typically, repurposing is done using items usually considered to be junk, garbage, or obsolete. A good example of this would be the Earthship style of house, that uses tires as insulating walls and bottles as glass walls. Reuse is not limited to repeated uses for the same purpose. Examples of repurposing include using tires as boat fenders and steel drums or plastic drums as feeding troughs and/or composting bins. Incinerator and power plant exhaust stack fly-ash is used extensively as an additive to concrete, providing increased strength. This type of reuse can sometimes make use of items which are no longer usable for their original purposes, for example using worn-out clothes as rags.^[4]

Not all repurposing is necessarily environmentally friendly, take for instance the idea of repurposing older work trucks for businesses in their infancy, in which their poor fuel economy can negate long term benefits since greater spending of money for fuel, and more fumes output to the sky can prove to be environmentally unfriendly, in which repurposing vehicles for electric car conversion can be the recommended alternative to that, though its cost can be negligible upfront.

Examples

Automobiles

• Full-size vans from the Big Three which have been used for airport shuttle service have been repurposed as church vans mainly because of some depreciation to facilitate affordable cost for thrifty church groups.^[5]

Electronics

• A USB dead drop can be mounted on a brick wall since this gives an opportunity to repurpose older USB flash drives with obsolete capacities to continue service for file transfer (especially anonymouys ones) that don't demand more than one gigabyte.^[6]
• Everdrive and other flash video game cartridges have offered opportunities to download ROM images of video game cartridges onto SD cards while offering opportunities to repurpose real vintage video game consoles for retro gameplay.^[7]

As a tactic for manufacturing goods

• right-hand-drive Jeep brand vehicles, such as the Jeep Wrangler, which are initially slated for import to right-hand-drive countries, have had some specially designed versions repurposed for US and Canada postal service mail carrying, in which this tactic of repurposing can consolidate the overhead of retooling for specialty manufacturing of the vehicle.^[8]

Manufacturing of recycled goods

• Reusable packaging can be reused for a wide variety of other purposes.
• Recycling can also involve repurposing of materials, such as products using recycled paper.^[9]

Miscellanea

Skis repurposed as a bench.

• scrap metal has countless applications for repurposing.
• Furniture has countless applications for repurposing.^[10]
• Kitchen Utensils has many unique repurposing opportunities.^[11]

See also

• Code reuse
• Bag for life
• Computer recycling
• Cutting room floor
• Dongle
• Freecycling
• Green Bags
• Hacksaw
• KISS principle
• Loophole
• Micro-Sustainability
• New old stock
• Planned obsolescence
• Rechargeable battery
• Recycling
• Remanufacturing
• Retrocomputing
• Reuse
• Reverse engineering
• Scrap
• Sneakernet
• Reusing water bottles
• Used good
• Waste minimization
• Windowfarm

References

1. "Medieval Recycling". Harvard Gazette. Retrieved 20 Oct 2014.
2. Malewitz, R. (2014) "The Practice of Misuse". Stanford University Press. Retrieved 20 Oct 2014.
3. "Throwaways: Work Culture and Consumer Education". Stanford University Press. Retrieved 20 Oct 2014.
4. "100 Ways to Repurpose and Reuse Broken Household Items". DIY & Crafts. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
5. Hammar, Richard R. "What Church Leaders Should Know About Church Vans". Enrichment Journal. Retrieved 3 August 2014.
6. "How to make your own". Deaddrops.com. 10 June 2013. Retrieved 2013-06-25.
7. http://www.stoneagegamer.com/mega-everdrive-deluxe.html Stoneagegamer's article on the Everdrive
8. http://www.rightdrivejeeps4postal.com/ US Drive Right: The Nation's Largest Seller Of Used Factory Right Hand Drive Vehicles For Postal Carriers
9. "Debunking the Myths of Recycled Paper". Recycling Point Dot Com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2006. Retrieved 4 February 2007.
10. http://www.pinterest.com/trinshaye/upcycling-recycling-repurpose-reuse-furniture-hous/ Upcycling,Recycling,Repurpose,&REUSE- furniture & household items to random ish
11. "Unique Repurposing Ideas". Sunshine Skips. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 2016-08-17.