Walt Disney Studios (division)

The Walt Disney Studios
Division
Industry Entertainment
Founded 1923 (1923)
Headquarters 500 S. Buena Vista Street, Burbank, California, U.S.
Key people
Products Motion pictures, music publishing, stage productions
Services Film production, marketing and distribution
Parent The Walt Disney Company
Divisions
Subsidiaries
Website waltdisneystudios.com

The Walt Disney Studios is an American film studio, one of the four major businesses of The Walt Disney Company and the main component of its Studio Entertainment segment.[1] The studio, best known for its multi-faceted film division, which is one of Hollywood's major film studios, is based at the eponymous Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California.

The Studios generated an estimated income of $1.973 billion during the 2015 fiscal year.[2] The studio entertainment business alone (live-action and animated motion pictures, direct-to-video content, musical recordings and live stage plays) brought in $5.83 billion in 2012.[3]

The Walt Disney Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).[4]

Background

Walt Disney Productions began production of their first feature-length animated film in 1934. Taking three years to complete, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, premiered in December 1937 and became the highest-grossing film of that time by 1939.[5] In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant Dragon (1941) and Song of the South (1946).[6] That same decade, the studio began producing nature documentaries with the release of Seal Island (1948), the first of the True-Life Adventures series and a subsequent Academy Award winner for Best Live-Action Short Film.[7][8]

Walt Disney Productions had its first fully live-action film in 1950 with the release of Treasure Island, considered by Disney to be the official conception for what would eventually evolve into the modern-day Walt Disney Pictures and Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.[9] By 1953, the company ended their agreements with such third-party distributors as RKO Radio Pictures and United Artists and formed their own distribution company, Buena Vista Distribution.[10]

History

1980s

By the 1980s, The Walt Disney Company's collection of film units emerged as one of Hollywood's major film studios, mostly due to newly designed efforts in branding strategies, a resurgence of Walt Disney Pictures' animated releases and unprecedented box office successes, particularly from Touchstone Pictures.[11] The Walt Disney Productions film division was incorporated on April 1, 1983 as Walt Disney Pictures.[12] In April 1983, Richard Berger was hired by Disney CEO Ron W. Miller as film president. Touchstone Films was started by Miller in February 1984 as a label for their PG-rated films with an expected half of Disney's 6 to 8 movies yearly slate would be released under the label.[13] Berger was pushed out as a new CEO was appointed for Walt Disney Productions later in 1984, as Michael Eisner brought his own film chief, Jeffrey Katzenberg.[14]

Organized in 1985, Silver Screen Partners II, L.P. financed films for Disney with $193 million in funding. In January 1987, Silver Screen III began financing movies for Disney with $300 million raised, the largest amount raised for a film financing limited partnership by E.F. Hutton.[15]

In April 1988, Touchstone became a unit of Walt Disney Pictures with newly appointed head Ricardo Mestres.[16] With several production companies getting out of film production or closing shop by December 1988, Walt Disney Studios announced the formation of Hollywood Pictures division, which would only share marketing and distribution with Touchstone, to fill the void.[14] Walt Disney Television and Touchstone Television were grouped together under Garth Ancier as president of network television for The Walt Disney Studios on April 18, 1989.[17]

Late in the 1980s, Disney purchased a controlling stake in one of Pacific Theatres' chain[18] leading to Disney's Buena Vista Theaters and Pacific to renovate the El Capitan Theatre and the Crest by 1989.[19] The Crest was finished first while El Capitan opened with the premiere of The Rocketeer film on June 19, 1991.[20]

1990s

In September 1990, The Walt Disney Company arranged for financing up to $200 million by a unit of Nomura Securities for Interscope films made for Disney. On October 23, 1990, Disney formed Touchwood Pacific Partners I to supplant the Silver Screen Partnership series as their movie studios' primary funding source.[21] In 1992, Walt Disney Studios agreed to fund a production company, Caravan Pictures, for exiting 20th Century Fox chairman Joe Roth.[22][23] In 1993, Miramax Films was purchased for $60 million by Disney.[24]

On March 30, 1992, Disney Studios agreed to sell KCAL-TV to Pineland, Inc. for a 45% ownership stake in Pineland, so as to have interest in TV stations in both large markets, Los Angeles and New York City, allowing for increased original programming.[25] Instead Pineland agreed to an unsolicited bid in May from Chris-Craft Industries thus ending the planned business merger with Disney's KCAL.[26]

David Hoberman was promoted by Katzenberg to president of motion pictures at Walt Disney Studios in April 1994 from president of Walt Disney Pictures and Touchstone Pictures. While Ricardo Mestres was forced out as president of Hollywood Pictures in exchange for a production deal.[27]

On August 24, 1994 with Katzenberg's resignation, Walt Disney Studios was reorganized spinning out a new TV group. Richard Frank became head of newly formed Walt Disney Television and Telecommunications (WDTT). Roth moved up from Caravan Pictures to helm the remaining Walt Disney Studios as chairman.[28] Hoberman stepped down as president in January 1995 to take a five-year, multi-film deal for his production company, Mandeville Films.[27]

Roth was appointed as chairman of Walt Disney Studios in 1996.[29] In April 1996 due to ongoing post Disney-CC/ABC merger realignment and retirement of its president, WDTT group's division were reassigned to other groups with most transferred to The Walt Disney Studios or CC/ABC. Units returning to the studio were the television production companies, Walt Disney Television, Disney Television Animation, Touchstone Television and Buena Vista Home Entertainment.[30]

Buena Vista International - Latin America and two other companies became owners of Patagonik Film Group, an Argentina-based production company, in 1997.[31] In late 1997, Disney bid on CDR's Epic movie library but lost to PolyGram Filmed Entertainment.[32]

Disney's Buena Vista Distribution and Cinergi Pictures had a 25-picture distribution deal with Disney taking a 5% stake in Cinergi stock. After nine films were delivered under the agreement, Cinergi sold Disney on November 22, 1997 all of its 12 film library except for Die Hard With a Vengeance plus $20 million in exchange for Disney's Cinergi share holdings, production advances of $35.4 million and other loans.[33][34]

In 1998, the Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group was formed by Roth to unite the Disney, Touchstone and Hollywood film production units with leadership under David Vogel.[35] This was in order to centralize the various production units and to make live-action film production within Disney more cost-efficient. Roth also determined that the studio's year production slate should be cut. So in August 1998, Roger Birnbaum, Caravan's co-founder, left to co-found Spyglass Entertainment at Roth's prompting in which Disney gave Caravan's development slate, a five-year distribution agreement and an advance. Caravan after the remaining three films are release when inactive.[36] By May 2000, Disney had taken an equity stake in Spyglass.[37]

Peter Schneider was promoted to Studio president in January 1999, while Thomas Schumacher was promoted to president of Walt Disney Feature Animation and Walt Disney Theatrical Productions while both are made co-presidents of Disney Theatrical Group.[38] As the first Studio president, Schneider had supervisory control of all Walt Disney label released films.[29] In July, Walt Disney Television, including Buena Vista Television Productions, were transferred out of The Walt Disney Studios to ABC Television Network[39] to merge with ABC's prime-time division to form the ABC Entertainment Television Group.[40]

2000s

Roth left to form his own production company in January 2000,[37] with Schneider moving up to studio chairman.[29] Schneider left Walt Disney Studios in June 2001 to form his own theater production company partly funded by Disney. The studio chairmanship was not filled at the time leaving the studio's major units, Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group chair Dick Cook, Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group chair Nina Jacobson and Walt Disney Feature Animation president Schumacher in charge.[41] In 2002, Cook was named as Studio chairman to replace Peter Schneider.[42] In January 2002, Buena Vista International - Latin America formed a joint venture production company, Miravista, with Admira, Telefónica content production and distribution division, for primarily Brazilian and Mexican film productions.[43]

In January 2003, Disney initiated a reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters and franchise development. Walt Disney Feature Animation — sans Walt Disney Television Animation — and Buena Vista Theatrical Worldwide were organized under The Walt Disney Studios.[44][45]

In July 2006, Disney announced a shift in its strategy of releasing more Disney-branded (i.e. Walt Disney Pictures) films and fewer Touchstone titles. The move was expected to reduce the Group's work force by approximately 650 positions worldwide.[46] This was a cost cutting move with its yearly slate would consist of 12 to 15 films.[47]

After being transferred to various other division groups since they were acquired in 2004, The Muppets Studio was incorporated into the Walt Disney Studios' Special Events Group in 2006.[48] In April 2007, Disney retired the Buena Vista brand, renaming Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group and Buena Vista Pictures Distribution as Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group and Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, respectively. Hollywood Pictures was also retired as well.[49][50] In July 2007, Disney CEO Bob Iger banned the depiction of smoking and tobacco products from Walt Disney Pictures-branded films, as well as limiting such depictions in Touchstone and Miramax films.[51]

In April 2009, the Studio announced the formation of Disneynature, a nature film production label.[52] The Studio launched its Kingdom Comics division in May, led by writer-actor Ahmet Zappa, TV executive Harris Katleman and writer-editor Christian Beranek. Kingdom was designed to create new properties for possible film development and re-imagine and redevelop existing Disney library movies, with Disney Publishing Worldwide getting a first look for publishing.[53]

On February 9, 2009, DreamWorks Studios entered a 7-year, 30-picture distribution deal with the studio's Touchstone Pictures banner starting in 2011.[54] The deal also includes co-funding by Disney to DreamWorks for production.[55] In late 2009, Miramax Films, a formerly independent Disney film unit, was transferred to The Walt Disney Studios,[56] until its sale in 2010 to Filmyard Holdings.[57] The Kingdom Comics unit's creatives/executives moved its deal to an independent Monsterfoot Productions.[58]

2010s

After The Walt Disney Company's acquisition of Marvel Entertainment in 2009, Disney began distributing Marvel Studios' films in 2012, acquiring the distribution rights for The Avengers and Iron Man 3 from Paramount Pictures in October 2010.[59] Marvel Studios, however, remained a division of Marvel Entertainment during that time, working in conjunction with Walt Disney Studios for distribution and marketing.[60]

In May 2011, Disney India and UTV Motion Pictures agreed to co-produce Disney-branded family films with both handling creative function and UTV producing, marketing and distributing the films.[61] In 2011, Disney fired Marvel Studios' marketing department[62] taking over marketing of their films beginning with the 2012 film The Avengers.[63]

On October 30, 2012, Lucasfilm agreed to be purchased by The Walt Disney Company and a new Star Wars trilogy was announced[64] and was finalized on December 4.[65] Later that year on December 4, Disney agreed to have Netflix as its exclusive U.S. subscription television service for first run Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar Animation Studios, Marvel Studios and Disneynature feature films starting in 2016 to replace its agreement ending in 2015 with Starz.[66]

In April 2013, The Walt Disney Studios laid off 150 workers including staff from its marketing and home entertainment units.[67][68] In December of that year, Disney purchased the distribution and marketing rights to future Indiana Jones films from Paramount Pictures, while Paramount will continue distributing the first four films and receive "financial participation" from the additional films.[69] The studio and Shanghai Media Group Pictures signed a multi-year movie development agreement, before the March 6, 2014 announcement, in which Chinese themes would be incorporated into Disney branded movies.[70] In March 2015, Iger expanded the studio's smoking and tobacco prohibition to include all films released by the studio—including PG-13 rated films and below—unless such depictions are historically pertinent.[71]

In August 2015, Marvel Studios was integrated into The Walt Disney Studios, with president Kevin Feige now reporting directly to Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn instead of Marvel Entertainment CEO Isaac Perlmutter, who continues to oversee Marvel Television and Marvel Animation that were previously a part of Marvel Studios.[72]

Studio structure

Studio units[73]
Production Distribution Disney Music Group Disney Theatrical Group Disney Studio Services[74][75]
 Studio Production Services
Walt Disney Studios
Golden Oak Ranch
The Prospect Studios
KABC7 Studio B
Disney Digital Studio Services[77]
Former units include

Production

Walt Disney Pictures is a film banner that encompasses the release of its own live-action productions, in addition to films produced by the company's animation studios, mainly Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios.[79] Marvel Studios—acquired through Disney's purchase of Marvel Entertainment in 2009—produces superhero films based on Marvel Comics characters, including the Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise. Lucasfilm—acquired by Disney in 2012—develops and produces films including those in the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises.[65] Disneynature is an independent film genre label devoted to nature documentary productions.

In 1993, Disney acquired Miramax Films and its Dimension Films genre label, with the former division operating as an autonomous unit until 2009, and the Dimension label becoming absorbed by The Weinstein Company in 2005.[80] By 2009, Miramax was folded into the Walt Disney Studios, and continued to serve as distribution label until it was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings in 2010.[78][81][82] From 2007 to 2010, Disney and ImageMovers ran a joint motion capture animation facility; ImageMovers Digital.[83][84]

Distribution

All film productions mentioned above are distributed theatrically by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures and on home media platforms by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.[85] Another film banner, Touchstone Pictures, released films targeted at more mature adult audiences and was formerly an active production unit.[47]

Disney Music Group

Main article: Disney Music Group

Disney Music Group is a music production group led by Ken Bunt, that consists of two record labels—Walt Disney Records and Hollywood Records—and multiple publishing entities that handle Disney's music.

Disney Theatrical Group

Disney Theatrical Group is the division producing live theatrical and stage events. It is currently under the leadership of Thomas Schumacher. The Disney Theatrical Productions division has been responsible for the production of many different musicals, touring events, ice shows and other live theatrical events. Their shows include: Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King, Aida, Tarzan, Mary Poppins, Newsies and numerous incarnations of Disney on Ice.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Walt Disney Co: Company Description". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
  2. ↑ "The Walt Disney Company: Fiscal Year 2015 Annual Financial Report And Shareholder Letter" (PDF). Page 35. The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
  3. ↑ Revenue of Walt Disney's studio entertainment business, 2008-2013. The Walt Disney Company. November 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  4. ↑ "Motion Picture Association of America – About Us". MPAA. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
  5. ↑ Gabler, Neal (2007). Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination. New York: Random House. pp. 276–277. ISBN 0-679-75747-3.
  6. ↑ "The Walt Disney Company History". Company Profiles. fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved November 6, 2012.
  7. ↑ "The Best of Walt Disney's True-Life Adventures (1975)". NY Times Movies. New York Times. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  8. ↑ "New York Times: Seal Island". NY Times. Retrieved 2008-05-18.
  9. ↑ "The Walt Disney Studios". Disney Corporate. The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  10. ↑ Fixmer, Fixmer (April 25, 2007). "Disney to Drop Buena Vista Brand Name, People Say (Update1)". bloomberg.com. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
  11. ↑ Schatz, Tom. "The Studio System and Conglomerate Hollywood" (PDF). The Studio System (PDF). Blackwell Publishing. Disney also exploited new technologies and delivery systems, creating synergies that were altogether unique compared to other studios, and that finally enabled the perpetual “mini-major” to ascend to major studio status.
  12. ↑ "Business Entity Detail: Walt Disney Pictures (search on Entity Number: C1138747)". California Business Search. California Secretary of State. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  13. ↑ Harmetz, Aljean (February 16, 1984). "Touchstone Label to Replace Disney Name on Some Films". New York Times. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
  14. 1 2 Harmetz, Aljean (December 2, 1988). "COMPANY NEWS; Disney Expansion Set; Film Output to Double". New York Times. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
  15. ↑ "BRIEFLY: E. F. Hutton raised $300 million for Disney.". Los Angeles Times. February 3, 1987. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
  16. ↑ "People: Los Angeles County". Los Angeles Times. April 13, 1988. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
  17. ↑ Haitman, Diane (March 30, 1989). "Disney TV Chief Heads Back to Mainstream". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  18. ↑ Aberdeen, J. A. (2005). Hollywood Renegades: The Movie Theater Chains of the Media Giants. Cobblestone Entertainment. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  19. ↑ Ridenour, Al (May 2, 2002). "A Chamber of Secrets". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  20. ↑ Fox, David J. (June 19, 1991). "At Age 65, the El Capitan Gets a Major Face Lift". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Disney, Japan Investors Join in Partnership : Movies: Group will become main source of finance for all live-action films at the company's three studios.". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. October 23, 1990. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
  22. ↑ "Fox May Lose Chief To Disney". Orlando Sentinel. Los Angeles Times. November 2, 1992. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  23. ↑ "Seasoned Performer Takes Lead Studio Role". Orlando Sentinel. Los Angeles Times. August 28, 1994. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  24. ↑ Mason, Ian Garrick (October 11, 2004). "When Harvey met Mickey". New Statesman. UK. Retrieved January 11, 2007.
  25. ↑ Stevenson, Richard W. (March 31, 1992). "New York TV Deal For Disney". New York Times. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  26. ↑ Bryant, Adam (May 9, 1992). "COMPANY NEWS; Pinelands, Owner of WWOR-TV, Agrees to Be Acquired". New York Times. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  27. 1 2 Welkos, Robert W.; Bates, James (January 11, 1995). "Disney Live Action Film Chief Quits". Variety. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  28. ↑ Weinraub, Bernard (August 25, 1994). "Chairman of Disney Studios Resigns". New York Times. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
  29. 1 2 3 Lyman, Rick (January 13, 2000). "Disney Studio Chairman Decides to Step Down". New York Times. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
  30. ↑ "Roth, Iger Assume Expanded Responsibilities at the Walt Disney Company". PRNewswire. April 16, 1996. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
  31. ↑ "Global vision: key BVI territories and the people who keep 'em humming". Film Journal International. July 1, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2015 – via HighBeam Business.
  32. ↑ Weiner, Rex (December 2, 1997). "New Epic librarian". Variety. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
  33. ↑ Peers, Martin; Busch, Anita M.; Fleming, Michael; Weiner, Rex (March 20, 1997). "Mouse House will absorb Cinergi". Variety. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  34. ↑ "Beleaguered Cinergi Pictures OKs Management Buyout". Los Angeles Times. AP. September 5, 1997. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  35. ↑ Stewart, James (2005). Disney War. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 301. ISBN 0-684-80993-1.
  36. ↑ Eller, Clauida (August 21, 1998). "Spyglass Offers Disney Lower-Risk Deals". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  37. 1 2 Eller, Clauida (May 23, 2000). "Spyglass Hopes for More Good 'Sense' in Future Projects". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  38. ↑ Simonson, Robert (January 12, 1999). "Thomas Schumacher Promoted to Co-President of Disney Theatricals". Playbill. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
  39. ↑ Hofmeister, Sallie (July 8, 1999). "Disney Plans to Consolidate Two of Its Television Groups". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  40. ↑ Hofmeister, Sallie (July 9, 1999). "Disney Combining Network TV Operations Into One ABC Unit". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  41. ↑ Lyman, Rick (June 21, 2001). "Chairman of Disney's Studios Resigns to Return to Broadway". New York Times. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
  42. ↑ Grover, Ronald (December 5, 2003). "The Nicest Guy in Disney's Jungle". BusinessWeek. Retrieved July 4, 2007.
  43. ↑ "Admira, Disney form Miravista film company". Telecompaper. 31 January 2002. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
  44. ↑ Godfrey, Leigh (January 3, 2003). "Disney Streamlines Television Animation Division". AWN News. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  45. ↑ Godfrey, Leigh (January 3, 2003). "David Stainton Named President, Disney Feature Animation". AWN News. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  46. ↑ "Schaeffer's Upon Further Review Highlights the Following Stocks: Abbott Laboratories, Bank of America, Knight Capital Group, and Walt Disney". Boston.com. Business Wire News Releases/Schaeffer's Investment Research. July 19, 2006. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  47. 1 2 Siegel, Marc Graser,Tatiana (February 9, 2009). "Disney signs deal with DreamWorks". Variety. Retrieved November 26, 2016.
  48. ↑ Masters, Kim (20 October 2011). "Kermit as Mogul, Farting Fozzie Bear: How Disney's Muppets Movie Has Purists Rattled". The Hollywood Reporter. pp. 3 of 4. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  49. ↑ Fixmer, Andy (April 25, 2007). "Disney to Drop Buena Vista Brand Name, People Say". Bloomberg Television. Retrieved August 8, 2007.
  50. 1 2 "Company Overview of Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group, Inc.". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 13 May 2014. Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group, Inc., an entertainment production company, produces and distributes scripts and oversees films for Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone Pictures, and Hollywood Pictures. The company was formerly known as Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group. The company was founded in 1998 and is based in Burbank, California.
  51. ↑ Peter Gilstrap; William Triplett (July 25, 2007). "Disney jumps on smoking ban". Variety. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  52. ↑ Eller, Claudia; Dawn C. Chmielewski (April 22, 2008). "Disney gets back to nature". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
  53. 1 2 Kit, Borys (May 29, 2008). "Disney draws up plans for graphic novel biz". The Hollywood Reporter. Reuters. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  54. ↑ "The Walt Disney Company: 2011 Annual Financial Report" (PDF). The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved 30 December 2012. Page 12.
  55. ↑ Eller, Claudia (February 10, 2009). "DreamWorks gets Disney cash in distribution deal". Los Angeles Times.
  56. ↑ Eller, Claudia (October 3, 2009). "Disney to slash Miramax Films staff to 20, reduce releases to 3 a year". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
  57. ↑ Lang, Brent (December 3, 2010). "Tutor Gets His Prize as Miramax Deal Closes". The Wrap. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
  58. ↑ McNary, Dave; Dana Harris; Justin Kroll (2009). "Facts on Pacts" (PDF). Variety. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
  59. ↑ Kim Masters (October 18, 2010). "Disney to Distribute Marvel's 'The Avengers,' 'Iron Man 3'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
  60. ↑ Lang, Brent; Shaw, Lucas (May 31, 2012). "Disney Chooses Alan Horn as New Studio Chief". The Wrap. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2012. Unlike at say Sony or Fox, power at Disney's studio division is very much diffused over its Marvel and Pixar brands, making the job of studio chief more ringmaster than supreme commander.
  61. ↑ "The Walt Disney Company India & UTV Join Creative Forces" (Press release). Bangalore, INDIA: The Walt Disney Company (India). Bloomberg. May 19, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
  62. ↑ Finke, Nikki (August 23, 2011). "Disney Fires Marvel's Marketing Department". Retrieved June 11, 2015.
  63. ↑ Palmeri, Christopher (April 19, 2012). "Disney Bets on 'The Avengers' After 'John Carter'". Bloomberg. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
  64. ↑ "Disney purchases Lucasfilm, announces new Star Wars". 3 News. October 30, 2012. Retrieved October 30, 2012.
  65. 1 2 Patten, Dominic (December 4, 2012). "Disney-Lucasfilm Deal Cleared By Feds". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
  66. ↑ Crowe, Deborah (December 4, 2012). "Disney, Netflix Sign Distribution Deal". Los Angeles Business Journal. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  67. ↑ Barnes, Brooks (April 10, 2013). "Disney Studios Lays Off 150 Employees". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
  68. ↑ Miller, Daniel (5 April 2013). "Walt Disney Co. expected to begin layoffs". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  69. ↑ Kroll, Justin (December 6, 2013). "Disney Acquires Rights to Future 'Indiana Jones' Movies". Variety. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
  70. ↑ Peters, Chris; Sikka, Kanika (March 6, 2014). "Walt Disney, Shanghai Media Group to develop Disney-branded movies". Reuters.com. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  71. ↑ Kelley, Seth (March 12, 2015). "Disney CEO to 'Absolutely Prohibit' Smoking in Films Made for Kids". Variety. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  72. ↑ Masters, Kim; Belloni, Matthew (August 31, 2015). "Marvel Shake-Up: Film Chief Kevin Feige Breaks Free of CEO Ike Perlmutter (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  73. ↑ "The Walt Disney Studios – Our Businesses". The Walt Disney Company. The Walt Disney Studios. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
  74. ↑ "The Walt Disney Studios". The Walt Disney Studios.com. The Walt Disney Studios. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
  75. ↑ "Disney Studios Services". go.com. The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
  76. ↑ "FELD ENTERTAINMENT AND DISNEY LIVE FAMILY ENTERTAINMENT TO PRODUCE A NEW SERIES OF LIVE PRODUCTIONS BASED ON DISNEY'S CLASSIC CHARACTERS". feldentertainment.com. Feld Entertainment. July 29, 2003. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
  77. ↑ "Disney Digital Studio Services". Disney Digital Studio.com. Disney. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
  78. 1 2 "The Walt Disney Company: 2011 Annual Financial Report" (PDF). The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved December 30, 2012. Page 12
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  80. ↑ Eller, Claudia; Lorenza Munoz (22 February 2005). "Disney's Miramax Unit to Get a Makeover". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
  81. ↑ "Miramax offices close, Disney says brand continues". Lowell Sun. Associated Press. January 29, 2010.
  82. ↑ Graser, Marc (January 29, 2010). "Rich Ross reshapes Disney film studios". Variety.
  83. ↑ "Disney, "Polar Express" director in animation deal". Reuters. February 5, 2007. Retrieved 2010-11-21.
  84. ↑ Finke, Nikki (March 12, 2010). "Disney Closing Zemeckis' Digital Studio". Deadline.com. Retrieved 2010-11-21.
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