Women's College World Series

The Women's College World Series (WCWS) is the final portion of the NCAA Division I Softball Championship for college softball in the United States. The tournament format consists of two four-team double-elimination brackets. The winners of each bracket then compete in a best-of-three series to determine the Division I WCWS National Champion. The WCWS takes place at ASA Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City. From 1969 to 1981, the women's collegiate softball championship was also known as the Women's College World Series and was promoted as such.[1] During 1969–1979, the series was played in Omaha, and in 1980–1982 in Norman, Oklahoma. The NCAA held its first six Division I tournaments in Omaha in 1982–1987, followed by Sunnyvale, California in 1988–1989. The event has been held in Oklahoma City every year since then, except for 1996 in Columbus, Georgia.

Softball was one of twelve women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981-82 school year, as the NCAA engaged in battle with the AIAW for sole governance of women's collegiate sports. The AIAW continued to conduct its established championship program in the same twelve (and other) sports. The 1982 softball championship tournaments of both the AIAW and the NCAA were called "Women's College World Series." However, after a year of dual women's championships, the NCAA conquered the AIAW and usurped its authority and membership.[2]

Division I

NCAA

Year Champion[3] Title
Series
Score
Runner-up Tie-3rd Tie-5th Tie-7th
1982 UCLA
WCAA
2-0 (8 inn) Fresno State
NorPac
Cal St. Fullerton
WCAA
Arizona State
WCAA
Nebraska
Big Eight
Western Michigan
MAC
Creighton
Gateway
Oklahoma State
Big Eight
1983 Texas A&M
Southwest
2-0 (12 inn) Cal State Fullerton
WCAA
UCLA
WCAA
South Carolina
Independent
Louisiana Tech
Southland
Pacific
NorPac
Indiana
Big Ten
Missouri
Big Eight
1984 UCLA
WCAA
1-0 (13 inn) Texas A&M
Southwest
Northwestern
Big Ten
Nebraska
Big Eight
Adelphi
Atlantic 10
Fresno State
NorPac
Cal Poly Pomona
CCAA
Utah State
High Country
1985 2-1 (9 inn) Nebraska*
Big Eight
Cal St. Fullerton
PCAA
Cal Poly Pomona
CCAA
Adelphi
Atlantic 10
Northwestern
Big Ten
Louisiana Tech
Southland
Utah
High Country
1986 Cal State Fullerton
PCAA
3-0 Texas A&M
Southwest
California
NorPac
Indiana
Big Ten
Creighton
Gateway
Long Beach State
PCAA
Louisiana Tech
Southland
Northwestern
Big Ten
1987 Texas A&M
Southwest
4-1 UCLA
Pac-10
Cal St. Fullerton
PCAA
Nebraska
Big Eight
Central Michigan
MAC
Fresno State
PCAA
Arizona State
Pac-10
Florida State
Metro
1988 UCLA
Pac-10
3-0 Fresno State
PCAA
Arizona
Pac-10
Cal Poly Pomona
CCAA
Nebraska
Big Eight
Texas A&M
Southwest
Aldelphi
Atlantic 10
Northern Illinois
North Star
1989 1-0 Arizona
Pac-10
Oklahoma State
Big Eight
Cal Poly Pomona
CCAA
Oregon
Pac-10
South Carolina
Metro
Toledo
MAC
1990 2-0 Florida State
Metro
Oklahoma State
Big Eight
Long Beach State
Big West
UNLV
Big West
Arizona
Pac-10
Kent State
MAC
1991 Arizona
Pac-10
5-1 UCLA
Pac-10
Fresno State
Big West
Long Beach State
Big West
Florida State
Metro
Missouri
Big Eight
UNLV
Big West
Utah
WAC
1992 UCLA
Pac-10
2-0 Arizona
Pac-10
Fresno State
Big West
Massachusetts
Atlantic 10
California
Pac-10
Long Beach State
Big West
Florida State
ACC
Kansas
Big Eight
1993 Arizona
Pac-10
1-0 UCLA
Pac-10
Southwestern Louisiana
Sun Belt
Oklahoma State
Big Eight
Cal St. Northridge
WAC
Connecticut
Big East
Florida State
ACC
Long Beach State
Big West
1994 4-0 Cal State Northridge
WAC
Oklahoma State
Big Eight
UCLA
Pac-10
Fresno State
WAC
Utah
WAC
Illinois–Chicago
Mid-Con
Missouri
Big Eight
1995 UCLA**
Pac-10
4-2 Arizona
Pac-10
Iowa
Big Ten
UNLV
Big West
Cal St. Fullerton
Big West
SW Louisiana
Sun Belt
Michigan
Big Ten
Princeton
Ivy
1996 Arizona
Pac-10
6-4 Washington
Pac-10
Iowa
Big Ten
UCLA
Pac-10
California
Pac-10
SW Louisiana
Sun Belt
Michigan
Big Ten
Princeton
Ivy
1997 10-2 (5 inn) UCLA
Pac-10
Fresno State
WAC
Washington
Pac-10
Iowa
Big Ten
Michigan
Big Ten
Massachusetts
Atlantic 10
South Carolina
SEC
1998 Fresno State
WAC
1-0 Arizona
Pac-10
Oklahoma State
Big 12
Washington
Pac-10
Michigan
Big Ten
Nebraska
Big 12
Massachusetts
Atlantic 10
Texas
Big 12
1999 UCLA
Pac-10
3-2 Washington
Pac-10
California
Pac-10
DePaul
Conference USA
Arizona
Pac-10
Fresno State
WAC
Arizona State
Pac-10
Southern Miss
Conference USA
2000 Oklahoma
Big 12
3-1 UCLA
Pac-10
Arizona
Pac-10
Southern Miss
Conference USA
Alabama
SEC
Washington
Pac-10
California
Pac-10
DePaul
Conference USA
2001 Arizona
Pac-10
1-0 UCLA
Pac-10
LSU
SEC
Stanford
Pac-10
California
Pac-10
Oklahoma
Big 12
Iowa
Big Ten
Michigan
Big Ten
2002 California
Pac-10
6-0 Arizona
Pac-10
Arizona State
Pac-10
Florida State
ACC
Nebraska
Big 12
UCLA
Pac-10
Michigan
Big Ten
Oklahoma
Big 12
2003 UCLA
Pac-10
1-0 (9 inn) California
Pac-10
Arizona
Pac-10
Texas
Big 12
Oklahoma
Big 12
Washington
Pac-10
Alabama
SEC
LA-Lafayette
Sun Belt
2004 3-1 LSU
SEC
Stanford
Pac-10
Florida State
ACC
Oklahoma
Big 12
Michigan
Big Ten
Washington
Pac-10
2005*** Michigan
Big Ten
0-5
5-2
4-1 (10 inn)
UCLA
Pac-10
Tennessee
SEC
Texas
Big 12
Alabama
SEC
Arizona
Pac-10
California
Pac-10
DePaul
Conference USA
2006 Arizona
Pac-10
8-0
5-0
Northwestern
Big Ten
Tennessee
SEC
UCLA
Pac-10
Arizona State
Pac-10
Texas
Big 12
Alabama
SEC
Oregon State
Pac-10
2007 0-3
1-0 (10 inn)
5-0
Tennessee
SEC
Northwestern
Big Ten
Washington
Pac-10
Baylor
Big 12
DePaul
Big East
Arizona State
Pac-10
Texas A&M
Big 12
2008 Arizona State
Pac-10
3-0
11-0
Texas A&M
Big 12
Alabama
SEC
Florida
SEC
LA-Lafayette
Sun Belt
UCLA
Pac-10
Arizona
Pac-10
Virginia Tech
ACC
2009 Washington
Pac-10
8-0
3-2
Florida
SEC
Alabama
SEC
Georgia
SEC
Arizona
Pac-10
Michigan
Big Ten
Arizona State
Pac-10
Missouri
Big 12
2010 UCLA
Pac-10
6-5 (8 inn)
15-9
Arizona
Pac-10
Georgia
SEC
Tennessee
SEC
Florida
SEC
Hawaii
WAC
Missouri
Big 12
Washington
Pac-10
2011 Arizona State
Pac-10
14-4
7-2
Florida
SEC
Alabama
SEC
Baylor
Big 12
California
Pac-10
Missouri
Big 12
Oklahoma
Big 12
Oklahoma State
Big 12
2012 Alabama
SEC
1-4
8-6
5-4
Oklahoma
Big 12
California
Pac-12
Arizona State
Pac-12
LSU
SEC
Oregon
Pac-12
South Florida
Big East
Tennessee
SEC
2013 Oklahoma
Big 12
5-3 (12 inn)
4-0
Tennessee
SEC
Washington
Pac-12
Texas
Big 12
Michigan
Big Ten
Florida
SEC
Arizona State
Pac-12
Nebraska
Big Ten
2014 Florida
SEC
5-0
6-3
Alabama
SEC
Oregon
Pac-12
Baylor
Big 12
Oklahoma
Big 12
Kentucky
SEC
LA-Lafayette
Sun Belt
Florida State
ACC
2015 3-2
0-1
4-1
Michigan
Big Ten
Auburn
SEC
LSU
SEC
UCLA
Pac-12
Alabama
SEC
Tennessee
SEC
Oregon
Pac-12
2016 Oklahoma
Big 12
3-2
7-11 (8 inn)
2-1
Auburn
SEC
Florida State
ACC
LSU
SEC
Michigan
Big Ten
Georgia
SEC
Alabama
SEC
UCLA
Pac-12

* Nebraska's runner-up finish in 1985 was vacated by the NCAA.

** The 1995 title by UCLA and any related records have been vacated by the NCAA due to scholarship violations. Criticism also centered on UCLA player Tanya Harding who was recruited from Queensland, Australia midway through the 1995 season. After UCLA captured the NCAA National Championship, Harding, the MVP of the tournament, returned to her homeland without taking final exams or earning a single college credit. Despite not violating any formal rules in recruiting Harding, the incident generated heated criticism that some foreign athletes were little more than hired guns.[4][5]

*** Beginning in 2005, a best-of-three series determines the national championship.

AIAW

From 1969–1972, the DGWS (forerunner organization of the AIAW) recognized the WCWS, organized by the Amateur Softball Association, as the collegiate championship tournament. The AIAW assumed responsibilities from DGWS in 1973.

Year Champion[3] Title Series Game Score(s) Runner-up
1969 John F. Kennedy College 2-0 Illinois State
1970 0-2
7-6
Southwest Missouri State
1971 6-0
4-0
Iowa State
1972 Arizona State 0-1
8-5 (11 inn)
University of Tokyo–Nihon
1973 0-4
4-3 (16 inn)
Illinois State
1974 Southwest Missouri State 14-7 Northern Colorado
1975 Nebraska Omaha 1-11
6-4
Northern Iowa
1976 Michigan State 3-0 Northern Colorado
1977 Northern Iowa 0-1 (9 inn)
7-0
Arizona
1978 UCLA 3-0 Northern Colorado
1979 Texas Woman's 1-0
1-0
UCLA
1980[lower-alpha 1] Utah State 1-0
2-1
Indiana
1981[lower-alpha 2] 1-6
4-3
Cal State Fullerton
1982 Texas A&M 4-1
5-3 (8 inn)
Oklahoma State
  1. Officially named the "AIAW Division I National Softball Championship."[3]:54
  2. Officially named the "AIAW College Softball World Series."[3]:58

NCAA team titles by school

School Number Year Won
UCLA 11 1982, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2010
Arizona 8 1991, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2006, 2007
Oklahoma 3 2000, 2013, 2016
Arizona State 2 2008, 2011
Texas A&M 2 1983, 1987
Florida 2 2014, 2015
Alabama 1 2012
Cal State Fullerton 1 1986
Fresno State 1 1998
Michigan 1 2005
Washington 1 2009
California 1 2002
*UCLA also won the 1995 title, but it has since been vacated by the NCAA; see above.

AIAW team titles by school

From 1969–1972, the DGWS (forerunner organization of the AIAW) recognized the WCWS, organized by the Amateur Softball Association, as the collegiate championship tournament. The AIAW assumed responsibilities from DGWS in 1973.

School Championships[3] Years
John F. Kennedy College (Nebraska) 3 1969, 1970, 1971 (all DGWS)
Arizona State 2 1972 (DGWS), 1973
Utah State 2 1980, 1981
Florida State 2 1981, 1982 (both Slow Pitch)
(Southwest) Missouri State 1 1974
Nebraska Omaha 1 1975
Michigan State 1 1976
Northern Iowa 1 1977
UCLA 1 1978
Texas Woman's 1 1979
Texas A&M 1 1982

Championships & appearances by school

School Championships[3]
(through 2016)
Title Games
(through 2016)
WCWS Appearances
(through 2016)
WCWS Appearances
(through 2016)
UCLA 12 21 29 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2015, 2016
Arizona 8 14 26 1974, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
Arizona State 4 4 18 1971, 1972, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1987, 1999, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013
California 1 3 15 1980, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 1986, 1992, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2011, 2012
Oklahoma 3 4 14 1975, 1980, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016
Fresno State 1 5 12 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1984, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999
Michigan 1 2 13 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2009, 2013, 2015, 2016
Texas A&M 3 6 11 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1988, 2007, 2008
Washington 1 3 11 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013
Northern Colorado 0 3 11 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979
Oklahoma State 0 1 11 1977, 1980, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994, 1998, 2011
South Carolina 0 0 11 1972, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1989, 1997
Alabama 1 2 11 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016
(Southwest) Missouri State 1 2 10 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982[lower-alpha 2]
Nebraska–Omaha 1 1 10 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979
Nebraska 0 0 9 1970, 1971, 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1984, 1987, 1988, 1998, 2002, 2013
Cal State–Fullerton 1 3 8 1980, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1983, 1985, 1986 1987, 1995
Illinois State 0 2 8 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1976, 1978, 1981
Western Illinois 0 0 8 1970, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1982[lower-alpha 2]
Florida State 0 0 9 1987, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2002, 2004, 2014, 2016
Florida 2 4 7 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015
Tennessee 0 2 7 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015
Missouri 0 0 7 1981, 1983, 1991, 1994, 2009, 2010, 2011
Cal Poly Pomona 0 0 7 1978, 1979, 1980, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1989
Kansas 0 0 7 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1992
Michigan State 1 1 6 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1981
Louisiana–Lafayette 0 0 6 1993, 1995, 1996, 2003, 2008, 2014
Oregon 0 0 6 1976, 1980, 1989, 2012, 2014, 2015
Massachusetts 0 0 6 1974, 1978, 1980, 1992, 1997, 1998
Long Beach State 0 0 5 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993
Northwestern 0 1 5 1984, 1985, 1986, 2006, 2007
Texas 0 0 5 1998, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2013
Utah 0 0 5 1976, 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 1985, 1991, 1994
Creighton 0 0 5 1969, 1980, 1981, 1982,[lower-alpha 1] 1986
Wayne State (Nebraska) 0 0 5 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974
Utah State 2 2 4 1978, 1980, 1981, 1984
Northern Iowa 1 2 4 1973, 1975, 1976, 1977
Indiana 0 1 4 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986
DePaul 0 0 4 1999, 2000, 2005, 2007
Iowa 0 0 4 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001
LSU 0 0 5 2001, 2004, 2012, 2015, 2016
Oregon State 0 0 4 1977, 1978, 1979, 2006
Southern Illinois (Carbondale) 0 0 4 1970, 1971, 1977, 1978
South Dakota State 0 0 4 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974
Luther College (Iowa) 0 0 4 1970, 1971, 1972, 1974
John F. Kennedy College (Nebraska) 3 3 3 1969, 1970, 1971
Texas Woman's University 1 1 3 1975, 1978, 1979
Baylor 0 0 3 2007, 2011, 2014
Louisiana Tech 0 0 3 1983, 1985, 1986
Adelphi (New York) 0 0 3 1984, 1985, 1988
UNLV 0 0 3 1990, 1991, 1995
Western Michigan 0 0 3 1980, 1981, 1982[lower-alpha 1]
Kearney State College (Nebraska) 0 0 3 1969, 1970, 1971
Minot State (ND) 0 0 3 1970, 1971, 1972
Emporia State (Kansas) 0 0 3 1971, 1972, 1979
Weber State (Utah) 0 0 3 1973, 1974, 1975
North Dakota State 0 0 3 1973, 1974, 1975
Iowa State 0 1 2 1971, 1973
Cal State–Northridge 0 1 2 1993, 1994
Georgia 0 0 3 2009, 2010, 2016
Princeton 0 0 2 1995, 1996
Southern Mississippi 0 0 2 1999, 2000
Stanford 0 0 2 2001, 2004
Central Michigan 0 0 2 1982,[lower-alpha 2] 1987
Minnesota–Duluth 0 0 2 1970, 1971
Midland Lutheran (Nebraska) 0 0 2 1970, 1971
New Mexico 0 0 2 1980, 1981
Rutgers 0 0 2 1979, 1981
Concordia (Nebraska) 0 0 2 1970, 1971
Upper Iowa 0 0 2 1970, 1971
Eastern Illinois 0 0 2 1971, 1974
Central Missouri State 0 0 2 1971, 1972
Ball State (Indiana) 0 0 2 1973, 1975
Indiana State 0 0 2 1974, 1976
East Stroudsburg State (PA) 0 0 2 1975, 1976
Northern State (SD) 0 0 2 1975, 1976
Texas–Arlington 0 0 2 1976, 1977
Cal State–Sacramento 0 0 2 1976, 1977
Minnesota 0 0 2 1976, 1978
Auburn 0 0 2 2015, 2016
Connecticut 0 0 1 1993
Hawaii 0 0 1 2010
Illinois–Chicago 0 0 1 1994
Kent State (Ohio) 0 0 1 1990
Kentucky 0 0 1 2014
Northern Illinois 0 0 1 1988
Pacific (CA) 0 0 1 1983
South Florida 0 0 1 2012
Toledo 0 0 1 1989
Virginia Tech 0 0 1 2008
St. Petersburg Junior College (FL) 0 0 1 1969
Black Hills State College (SD) 0 0 1 1969
Midwestern College (Iowa) 0 0 1 1970
Parsons College (Iowa) 0 0 1 1971
Wartburg College (Iowa) 0 0 1 1971
Wisconsin State University–Eau Claire 0 0 1 1971
South Dakota 0 0 1 1971
Southwest Baptist College (MO) 0 0 1 1971
Buena Vista College (Iowa) 0 0 1 1971
Simpson College (Iowa) 0 0 1 1971
University of Tokyo–Nihon 0 1 1 1972
Keene State College (NH) 0 0 1 1972
Purdue University 0 0 1 1972
West Georgia College 0 0 1 1974
Golden West College (CA) 0 0 1 1974
Winona State College (MN) 0 0 1 1974
Nassau Community College (NY) 0 0 1 1974
Oregon College of Education 0 0 1 1975
Northwest Missouri State 0 0 1 1975
Ohio University 0 0 1 1975
Mankato State (MN) 0 0 1 1975
Tarkio College (MO) 0 0 1 1976
Northwestern Oklahoma State 0 0 1 1976
Mayville State College (ND) 0 0 1 1976
West Chester State College (PA) 0 0 1 1977
Springfield College (Mass.) 0 0 1 1977
Portland State (Oregon) 0 0 1 1978
Stephen F. Austin (Texas) 0 0 1 1978
Chapman College (California) 0 0 1 1979
New Mexico State 0 0 1 1981
Ohio State 0 0 1 1982[lower-alpha 2]
Rhode Island 0 0 1 1982[lower-alpha 2]
U.S. International University (CA) 0 0 1 1982[lower-alpha 2]

UCLA's 1995 NCAA championship and Nebraska's 1985 runner-up finish were vacated by the NCAA and are not counted

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NCAA WCWS participant in 1982, when both the AIAW and NCAA conducted championships with the same name
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 AIAW WCWS participant in 1982, when both the AIAW and NCAA conducted championships with the same name

Championships & appearances by conference

This listing excludes results of the pre-NCAA Women's College World Series of 1969 through 1982 (both Division I tournaments in 1982—AIAW and NCAA—were called "Women's College World Series").

Conference Championships
(Through 2015)
Title Game/Series Appearances
(Through 2015)
WCWS Appearances
(Through 2015)
Pac-12[c 1] 23 36 82
SEC 3 8 33
Big 12 2 3 27
Big Ten 1 3 23
Big West[c 2] 1 4 19
Big Eight[c 3] [c 4] 12
WAC[c 5] 1 2 11
Atlantic 10 6
Southwest[c 6] [c 4] 2 4 5
ACC 9
Conference USA[c 7] 5
Sun Belt 6
CCAA 4
MAC 4
Metro[c 7][c 4] 4
Southland 3
Big East[c 8] 3
Ivy 2
Missouri Valley[c 9] 2
Independent 1
Summit League[c 10] 1
NorPac[c 11] [c 4] 1 3
North Star[c 12] [c 4] 1
WCAA[c 13] [c 4] 3 3 6
Notes
  1. UCLA's 1995 WCWS participation & title were vacated by the NCAA, and are not included in these figures; see above. The Pac-12, which adopted its current name on July 1, 2011, retains all historical records from its years as the Pac-10. The conference had adopted the "Pac-10" name in 1978, but did not begin sponsoring women's sports until the 1986–87 school year.
  2. The Big West Conference was known as the Pacific Coast Athletic Association until July 1988. Totals include all appearances by conference members under both names, but includes only appearances after the conference began sponsoring women's sports in 1984–85.
  3. Nebraska's 1985 WCWS participation & title game appearance were vacated by the NCAA, and are not included in these totals. The Big Eight merged with four teams from the Southwest Conference to form the Big 12 in 1996.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Conference is now defunct.
  5. The Western Athletic Conference (WAC) did not sponsor women's sports until the 1990–91 academic year, after absorbing the High Country Athletic Conference (HCAC), a parallel women's-only conference. The WAC maintains all historic records from the HCAC; totals include Utah State's 1984 and Utah's 1985 appearances while in the HCAC.
  6. Texas A&M won two titles, made four title game appearances and five WCWS appearances while they were still members of the Southwest Conference. This conference is now defunct. Texas A&M was a charter member of the Big 12 in 1996, but left for the Southeastern Conference in July 2012.
  7. 1 2 Following the breakup of the Metro in 1991 by Florida State, South Carolina, Cincinnati, and Memphis, the Metro and its breakaway Great Midwest Conference reunified in 1995 as Conference USA.
  8. Although the charter of the original Big East Conference was inherited by the American Athletic Conference following the 2013 Big East split, the current Big East Conference maintains all athletic records of the original conference in all sports that it sponsors.
  9. Records include those of the former Gateway Collegiate Athletic Conference when it was originally a women's-only conference parallel to the MVC. In 1985, after the MVC stopped sponsoring football, the Gateway took on football as its only men's sport. In 1992, the women's portion of the Gateway merged into the MVC, which maintains all historic records of Gateway women's sports. The football side of the conference maintained the Gateway charter, first as the Gateway Football Conference and now the Missouri Valley Football Conference.
  10. The Mid-Continent Conference adopted its current name of The Summit League in June 2007.
  11. The NorPac, in full the Northern Pacific Conference, was a women's-only conference that operated from 1982 to 1986. The conference disbanded when the then-Pac-10, home to five of the final seven NorPac members, began sponsoring women's sports in 1986–87. The remaining two schools, which were members of the PCAA for men's sports, moved their women's sports to that conference.
  12. The North Star Conference was a women's-only conference that merged into the Mid-Continent Conference, now The Summit League, in 1992. The Summit maintains all historic records of North Star sports.
  13. The WCAA, in full the Western Collegiate Athletic Association, was a women's-only conference that operated from 1981 to 1986. Its final five members were all members of the conference known at the time as the Pac-10, and moved their women's sports to that league.

See also

References

  1. Mary L. Littlewood (1998). Women's Fastpitch Softball - The Path to the Gold, An Historical Look at Women's Fastpitch in the United States (first ed.). National Fastpitch Coaches Association, Columbia, Missouri. pp. 145, 208. ISBN 0-9664310-0-6.
  2. Grundy, Pamela & Shackelford, Susan (2005). Shattering the Glass. The New Press. ISBN 1-56584-822-5.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Plummer, William; Floyd, Larry C. (2013). A Series Of Their Own: History Of The Women's College World Series. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States: Turnkey Communications Inc. ISBN 978-0-9893007-0-4.
  4. Starr, Mark (June 12, 1995). "No Credit For UCLA". Newsweek. p. 58.
  5. Montville, Leigh (June 12, 1995). "Ringer From Down Under". Sports Illustrated.
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