Yonsei University

Yonsei University
연세대학교
Motto The truth will set you free. (John 8:32)
진리가 너희를 자유케 하리라. (요한복음 8:32)
Type Private
Established Hospital established in 1885 by royal support, college installed in 1915. The university was established on January 5, 1957 by merger of the two Christian institutions.[1]
Affiliation Christianity
President Yong-Hak Kim
Academic staff
 4,518
Administrative staff
 6,788
Students 38,725
Undergraduates 26,731
Postgraduates 11,994
Location Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
Campus Urban
Colours Royal blue     
Mascot Eagle
Website www.yonsei.ac.kr/eng/
Yonsei University
Hangul 연세대학교
Hanja 延世大學校
Revised Romanization Yeonse Daehakgyo
McCune–Reischauer Yŏnse Taehakkyo
Jejungwon (Gwanghyewon) inside Yonsei University campus, restored to its current form in 1980s

Yonsei University (연세대학교 (延世大學校) [jʌnsʰeː]) is a private research university in Seoul, South Korea. It is one of Korea's three SKY universities, considered the most prestigious in the country. Yonsei was established in 1885 and is the oldest university in South Korea.

The student body consists of 38,725 students: 26,731 undergraduate students, 11,994 graduate students, 4,518 faculty members, 6,788 staff, and 257,931 alumni. Today, Yonsei operates its main campus in Seoul and has extensive programs in Korean and English.

The university was formally established in January, 1957 through the union of Yonhi College (연희전문학교; 延禧專門學校) and Severance Union Medical College (세브란스 의과대학; 세브란스 醫科大學). This was a result of a lasting bilateral cooperation between the colleges that began in the 1920s. The institutions were new to Korea at the time of their inception. Yonhi College was one of the first modern colleges, founded originally as Chosun Christian College (조선기독교대학; 朝鮮基督教大學) in March 1915. Severance has its roots in the first modern medical center in Korea, Gwanghyewon (광혜원 廣惠院, House of Extended Grace), founded in April, 1885. As a tribute, the name 'Yonsei' was derived from the first syllables of the names of its two parent institutions, 'Yon; 연; 延' from Yonhi College and 'Sei; 세; 世' from Severance Union Medical College.

In the symbol of Yonsei University, there is a shield. In the shield, 'ㅇ' means sky, 'ㅡ' means land and 'ㅅ' means human. On the left side of 'ㅇ', the book is truth; on the right side, the torch is freedom. The shield defends these two ideologies.[2]

History

Beginnings (1885–1916)

The Yonsei University Medical School dates to April 10, 1885, when the first modern hospital to practice western medicine in Korea, Gwanghyewon, was established.

The hospital was founded by Horace Newton Allen, the American protestant missionary appointed to Korea by the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (from here on 'the Church'). The hospital was renamed Jejungwon (제중원 濟衆院, House of Universal Helpfulness) on April 26.[3] As there appeared difficulties, the Church appointed Canadian Oliver R. Avison to run Jejungwon on July 16, 1893. Initially, Gwanghyewon was financed by the Korean government, while the medical staff was provided by the Church. However, by 1894 when the First Sino-Japanese War and Gabo reforms (갑오개혁) took place, the government was not able to continue its financial support and thus, management of Jejungwon came fully under the Church. In 1899, Avison returned to the U.S. and attended a conference of missionaries in New York where he elaborated on the medical project in Korea. Louis Severance, a businessman and philanthropist from Cleveland, Ohio, was present and deeply moved. He later paid for the major portion of the construction cost of new buildings for the medical facility. Jejungwon (제중원) was renamed Severance Hospital after his name.[4]

Jejungwon (later Severance Hospital) was primarily a hospital, but it also performed medical education as an attachment. The hospital admitted its first class of 16 medical students selected through examinations in 1886, one year after its establishment. By 1899, Jejungwon Medical School was independently and officially recognized. Following the increase of diversity in missionary denominations in Korea, collaboration began to form. Jejungwon began to receive medical staff, school faculty and financial support from the Union Council of Korean Missionaries (한국연합선교협의회; 韓國聯合宣敎協議會) in 1912. Accordingly, the medical school was renamed as Severance Union Medical College in 1913.

The rest of Yonsei University traces its origins to Chosun Christian College, which was founded on March 5, 1915, by an American Protestant missionary, Horace Grant Underwood sent by the Church. Underwood became the first president, and Avison became the vice president. It was located at the YMCA. Courses began in April with 60 students and 18 faculty members.

Underwood died of illness on October 12, 1916, and Avison took over as president.

During World War II

Statue of Underwood

On August 22, 1910, Japan annexed Korea with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910. The first Governor-General of Korea, Terauchi Masatake, introduced the Ordinance on Chosun Education (조선교육령; 朝鮮敎育令) in 1911, and subsequently Regulations on Professional Schools (전문학교 규칙) and Revised Regulations on Private Schools (개정사립학교 규칙) in March, 1915. These were intended to stifle private education in Korea; any establishment of schools, any change in school regulations, location, its purpose, coursework or textbooks must all be reported to and authorized by the governor-general, and all courses must be in Japanese.

Severance Union College struggled to meet these requirements; school regulations and coursework were altered, faculty evaluated and enlarged, its foundation and its board clarified. It received its recognition as a professional medical school on May 14, 1917.[5] In 1922 the governor-general Makoto Saito issued Revised Ordinance on Chosun Education (개정조선교육령). It called for more strict qualification of the faculty, and Severance reacted obediently and further recruited more members with degrees from credited institutions in North America and Europe. Japan did not completely ignore the competence of this institution; in 1923 Severance recovered its right to give medical license to its graduates without state examination, a right which had been lost since 1912. Moreover, in March 1934, the Japanese Ministry of Education and Culture further recognized Severance in allowing its graduates the right to practice medicine anywhere in Japanese sovereignty.

Oh Geung Seon (오긍선; 吳兢善) became the first Korean president of Severance in 1934.

Underwood Hall, which houses administrative offices

Ordinances in 1915 and 1922 also affected the fate of Chosun Christian College. First intended as a college, it was not legally recognized as such, since the Ordinance (1915) did not allow the establishment of Korean private colleges. Hence Chosun Christian College, now renamed Yonhi College, was formally accepted only as a 'professional school' on April 17, 1917, then a joint project from diverse missionary denominations. However, Yonhi had formed the organization and faculty becoming a university. It consisted six departments: humanities, agriculture, commerce, theology (this department did not open due to differences among the founding denominations), mathematics & physics, and applied chemistry. The ordinances, furthermore, prohibited coursework in Korean history, its geography, or in the Bible outside the department of theology. The council of missionaries reacted with A Resolution on the Revised Educational Ordinance (개정교육령에 관한 결의문)[6] which carefully pointed out that Japan did not apply such rigorous absurdities to its private schools in mainland Japan.

After March First Independence Movement swept the peninsula in 1919, Japan somewhat relaxed its grip on Korea, and this is reflected in the Ordinance (1922). It ceased the arbitrary control of governor-general over the coursework and the qualification of faculty members, and altered its stance on strict separation of religion from all education. It also recognized Yonhi as a professional school equal to its counterparts in Japan, and permitted the Christian programs and the Bible in its coursework. Nevertheless, Japanese literature became mandatory.[7] Under Japanese intervention, Korean history was taught under the name Eastern History, and Korean language was taught whenever possible.[8]

The department of agriculture was closed after 1922 when only its first graduates left Yonhi. There were efforts to revive this department, without much success. However, Yonhi installed a training center for agricultural leaders on campus, with impressive results.[9]

Yonhi was liberal in its admission of non-Christians. Its policy was to admit non-Christians relatively freely and allow the majority Christian students to gradually influence and assimilate them.

In the late 1930s, Japan again shifted its policy towards Korea to incorporate it to its scheme of expansionism. In August 1936, the new Japanese Governor-General Jirō Minami began the assimilation of Koreans, to exploit them for military purposes; The governor-general enforced Sōshi-kaimei and Shintoism on Koreans, and began to recruit Koreans for Japanese war efforts. In April 1938 the third Ordinance on Chosun Education ordered the acceptance of Shintoism, voluntary removal of Korean language in coursework and further intensification of Japanese and Japanese history education. Yonhi Professional School did not follow suit and opened courses on the study of Korean language in November 1938. This was not tolerated for long: In March 1940, Yonhi was forced to open courses on Japanese studies for each department and each year. From 1938, English began to come under pressure following a deterioration of relations between Japan and United States; coursework in English was forbidden and texts of English writers were censored. In 1938, President H.H. Underwood accepted the practice of Shintoism to avoid the fate of Yonhi's termination. Governors-General pushed Yonhi to refuse financial support from United States and financial difficulties amounted.

On an individual level, Yonhi faculty members and its students were apprehended or investigated during this period for their involvement in real and alleged resistance movements.[10]

In 1939, the United States government recalled all its citizens and missionaries in Korea; Underwood and some of the faculty refused to leave Korea until forced to in 1941–1942 following the outbreak of the Pacific War. Japanese military officers were dispatched to Yonhi for military training of its students in 1940 and forced labor began in 1941. Scientific equipment, building parts, and even the Underwood statue were seized. The school yard was turned into drill ground. Due to their value in the war, medical students of Severance were not a target of "voluntary recruitment," but Severance faced Sōshi-kaimei, military training, and constant surveillance by the Japanese authorities. Severance was coerced into changing its name to Asahi (旭) in 1942.

On August 17, 1942, the board was dismissed and Yonhi was designated as enemy property, and thus was appropriated and further managed directly by an appointee from the Governors-General. Yonhi ceased to be a place of education and was converted into a tool for assimilation of Koreans and exploitation of manpower. By October 1943, students were practically being conscripted. In 1944 dormitories were converted into barracks and the campus was occupied by the Japanese air force. Finally, on May 10, 1944, Governors-General closed Yonhi and replaced it with Kyungsung Industrial Management School (경성공업경영학교), the primary purpose of which was to train engineers required to continue the war.

Both Severance and Yonhi were closely involved in Korean independence movements. Many faculty members were directly involved in the March First Independence Movement, as were their students. Severance continued its contribution by printing The Independence in the basement of one of its buildings, and Yonhi was as active as any other school. By the end of the movement only 17 students were left. Yonhi students were active participants of Chosun Student Council for Scientific Research (조선학생과학연구회), which was one of the leading groups in the Mansei Movement of June 10, 1926. Yonhi Student Council and many faculty members belonging to the clandestine New Stem Association (신간회; 新幹會) gave full support to the Gwangju Student Independence Movement (광주학생독립운동). In the aftermath, students were apprehended, and the Shin Gan Society was exposed. Later on, students actively participated in V Narod (브나로드) and Student Enlightenment Movement (학생계몽운동) during 1929–1930.

The Yonhi School, under Japanese oppression in 1940s, kept producing Korean patriots who fought for independence. In 1942, the Japanese Colonial Government of Korea arrested 33 Korean scholars of Korean language including three faculty members of Yonhi and prominent Korean language scholars, Choi Hyun Bae (최현배; 崔鉉培), Lee Yun Jae (이윤재; 李允宰), and Kim Do Yeon (金度演; 김도연) and other graduates of the school including Jung Tae Jin (정태진; 丁泰鎭) and Kim Yoon Kyung (김윤경; 金允經) for organizing the Joseon Language Society (조선어학회; 朝鮮語學會; now Korean Language Society; 한글학회; 한글學會), studying Korean language, and attempting to publish a Korean language dictionary. Lee Yun Jae died in jail in 1942 from torture and harsh treatment, 11 were found guilty, and 5 including Choi Hyun Bae were imprisoned. The Japanese Colonial Court found them guilty because "behaviors such as publishing of a Korean language dictionary is a form of nationality movement to maintain the spirit of Joseon."[11]

Yun Dong-ju (윤동주; 尹東柱), a 1941 graduate of Yonhi School, joined the Korean independence movement, left many poems about patriotism and self-reflection, imprisoned by Japanese, and died from torture and harsh treatment in 1944.

As tributes to their efforts, Yonsei University has constructed a monument called 'Yonsei Hangultap' (A Monument for Korean Language by Yonsei; 연세 한글탑; 延世 한글塔), a monument for Yun Dong Ju (윤동주 시비; 尹東柱 詩碑), and bust statues of Choi Hyun Bae and Kim Yoon Kyung on its Seoul Campus.

During the Korean War (1946–1952)

Severance was approved as a college by the liberated Korean government in 1947. Since the majority of medical institutions in Korea were run by the Japanese, medical staff and faculty were in short supply after their departure. Thus, many members of Severance staff and faculty left to assist other institutions. Severance took up the role of student leadership and was outspoken against US-Soviet occupation. In 1950, during the outbreak of the Korean War, Severance functioned as a field hospital until Seoul was overrun. Severance fled hurriedly but some faculty members and students were unable to leave in time; some were killed and others were captured then exploited by the advancing North Koreans. Severance seniors joined the military as army surgeons. Although Severance returned to Seoul for a while after its recapture, it had to flee again in December on a LST in Incheon.

When Severance arrived in Busan, its medical school joined the wartime college, a temporary body. Meanwhile, the Severance facility in Seoul received heavy damage, as it was in the center of the city near Seoul Station. Severance Hospital again returned on April 1, 1952, and its medical college on June 12, 1952.

The U.S. military initially neglected the restitution of Yonhi and held other plans to use it as a military hospital or judiciary training center. With time, nevertheless, Yonhi came to be viewed as a missionary institution that was dispossessed by the governor-general.

Yonhi was able to open its doors again on January 21, 1946 and, on August 15, 1946, was recognized as a university. Baek Nak Jun became president. It was a period of transition, and Yonhi University faced obstacles including financial ones; after 1947 things settled down. At the time, Korea lacked teachers and Yonhi was asked to provide education and training; the Temporary Training Center for Secondary School Teachers in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry (임시 수물화학과 중등교원양성소) was established. In December 1948, plans for unification of Yonhi and Severance began to take form.[12] The Graduate School was formed in July 1950.

At this point, all progress came to a halt due to the Korean War. The university suspended all courses on June 27 and recruited student soldiers. The North Korean military advanced into the Yonhi campus and established its headquarters there. This was a cause of severe damage to the campus when the U.S. military recaptured Seoul in September. The university reopened following the recapture of Seoul, but it was once more on the run to Busan in December. In February 1951, Yonhi joined the wartime college; however, it kept an independent body and opened its own courses on October 3, 1951. On April 15, 1953 Yonhi began its work on restoration; Yonhi returned to its campus in the fall.

1953–1959

Lee Han Yeol Memorial

In 1957, Severance Medical College and Hospital and Yonhi University merged to form Yonsei University.

Source: The sections Beginnings, Under Japanese Rule (I), Under Japanese Rule (II): The War Machine, Liberation and the Korean War are largely based on 연세대학교백년사 100 Years of Yonsei University History, Yonsei University Press.

Academics

Reputation

As of September 2016
University rankings
Global
ARWU[13] 201-300
Times[14] 251-300
QS[15] 112
Asia
Times[16] 37
QS[17] 25
18

Yonsei is one of Korea's three "SKY" universities, which are the most prestigious in the country, with the other members being Seoul National University and Korea University. Admission of these "SKY" universities is extremely competitive. Acceptance rate of Yonsei University in general admission(수시) is below 5%. In general, exhibiting 1% of academic achievement is needed to apply for Yonsei regular decision(정시). Inside Korea, admission to a SKY university is widely considered as a determination of one's career and social status.

World rankings

In 2012, Yonsei University was ranked 112th overall, 81st in Arts and Humanities, 12th in Modern Languages and 69th in Management and Social Sciences in the world by QS World University Rankings.[18] The 2009 Academic Ranking of World Universities placed Yonsei University at the 23–42 range in Asia/Pacific region and 3rd in South Korea.[19] Yonsei was ranked 96th in the world according to an SCI paper published in 2007.[20]

Yonsei is one of four Korean universities ranked in all three ARWU World University Ranking, QS World University Rankings, and The Times World University Ranking in 2010-13, along with Seoul National University, KAIST, and POSTECH).[21][22] Yonsei University was ranked 16th in Asia in 2012 and continues to rise rapidly in global rank: 112 in the world in 2012; 129 in 2011; 142 in 2010; 151 in 2009; 203 in 2008; and ranked globally 236 in 2007 by QS World University Rankings.[23][24] Yonsei was ranked the 1st Korean university to be in the Economist's 2011 Top 100 Full-time MBAs (#76); US News, 2011 World's Best Universities: Asia #18; and UK Financial Times' 2011 Top 100 EMBA (#57).

Yonsei University was ranked 36th in Reuters' "The world's most innovative university", which was announced in September 2015.

Colleges and programs

Yonsei University Radio Observatory, part of the Korean VLBI Network

Medical Center

Culture

University shield

The "ㅇ" and "ㅅ" in the University shield derived from the first letters of each syllable in "연세" (Yonsei). The circle "ㅇ" represents the ideal of a complete and well-rounded person, while the "ㅅ" symbolizes the upward-looking striving for scholarly excellence. In addition, the "ㅇ" stands for Heaven (天), the "ㅡ" represents the horizon of the Earth (地), and "ㅅ" signifies Man (人) as expressed in the Chinese character. The open book stands for Truth, the torchlight signifies Freedom, and the shield protects these two core principles of the University.

Christianity

Yonsei University is founded on Christian principles[25] and purporting to "produce Christian leaders with the spirits of freedom and truth".[26] The Christian character of the university is well illustrated by its history as a school originally founded by American Protestant missionaries and by its school motto from the Bible, "The truth will set you free" (John 8:32). As of 2007, the Board of Directors of Yonsei University should include a member from four Korean Christian organizations: The Presbyterian Church of Korea (대한예수교장로회), the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea (한국기독교장로회), the Korean Methodist Church (기독교대한감리회), and the Anglican Church of Korea (대한성공회).[27] In Korea and Japan, Christian schools founded by Christian organizations or individuals, especially by Western missionaries, such as Yonsei University, are commonly called mission schools.

A school's founding ideology and a student's freedom of religion has been debated in South Korean society for some time. As of 2009, a student does not have to be an active Christian to be admitted to Yonsei University.

In Yonsei University entered an agreement with The United Methodist Church, in which the university will serve as the regional office for the Methodist Global Education Fund for Leadership Development.[28]

Student life

A large number of Yonsei degree programs, including UIC, ASD、and GSIS (in Seoul and YIC) have extensive tuition scholarships for international students that cover tuition and accommodation.[29]

Akaraka is the official college festival for Yonsei students that is usually held on May. During the festival, many prominent singers and celebrities perform.

It is strictly forbidden by the university code of conduct to discriminate against students from non-Christian background yet, as a missionary school, Yonsei undergraduates are required to attend weekly chapel service for four semesters to qualify for graduation.

Clubs

There are more than 100 clubs at Yonsei University; the clubs listed here do not represent all clubs on campus.

Rivalry with Korea University

Main article: Yonsei-KU rivalry

Each claiming to be the best private university in South Korea, Yonsei University and Korea University have had a rivalry that is longer and more intense than any other rivalries between other universities in South Korea.

The rivalry is well-illustrated by famous annual sports matches between them. This event, starting in 1925, is called YonKo Jeon (연고전; 延高戰) when Yonsei University hosts the matches and KoYon Jeon (고연전; 高延戰) when Korea University hosts the matches. The annual one-time matches include soccer, baseball, basketball, rugby, and ice hockey.

Many students in each university come to this event to cheer for their teams, and the event has a significant meaning as many influential alumni are very interested in the result for the sake of their school spirit.[31]

Until 2012, Yonsei recorded 18 winning seasons, 8 draws, 16 losings. In 2012, out of the five sports, Yonsei University lost three (baseball, basketball, soccer) and won two (ice hockey, rugby).

Campus

Yonsei University Main Campus (Sinchon)

Yonsei University Seoul Campus is composed of Sinchon Campus and International Campus in Songdo, Incheon. From 2014, Yonsei University adopted a Residential College (RC) Program in Yonsei International Campus (YIC). Almost every freshmen of Yonsei University are required to reside in International Campus dormitory and complete RC programs for a year. After that they move on to Sinchon campus in Seoul to complete their education.[32]

Yonsei has a 250-acre campus with the "UIC" (Underwood International College) and "GSIS" (Graduate School of International Studies programs) in Seoul, and a new 152-acre campus with the international "ASP" Asian Studies Program in Yonsei International Campus (YIC) in Songdo, South Korea.

Yonsei University Wonju Campus

Yonsei University Wonju Campus was founded in 1977 as a second campus to Seoul Campus. As of 2014, the campus has over 8,000 undergraduates, 100 foreign students, and 370 faculty members in 35 academic departments. The city of Wonju is located in Gangwon Province, and about 60 miles east of Seoul. The 500-acre campus is surrounded by a dense forest and a beautiful lake, while featuring highly equipped facilities, great cultural diversity and a cosmopolitan atmosphere.[33]

At Wonju, students have the opportunity to be part of The Global Village (GV) Program. GV is an expansion of the student exchange program in which international exchange students will take part in the cultural internship program, living with a small group of Korean students in a more amicable environment while taking courses of their choice.[34]

Yonsei International Campus

Originally agreed to on May 8, 2006 between the city of Incheon and Yonsei University, the Yonsei Songdo Global Academic Complex (currently the Yonsei International Campus) is an anchor of the R&D aspect of the Songdo area and the Korean education and research industries. Construction was in two phases with the first phase including the Global Campus, Joint University Campus, R&D Campus, and the Global Academic Village. Phase one was completed in 2010 and phase two began the next year in 2011 with further expansion.[35]

The Joint University Campus aspect of the project is expected to be either an overseas campus of a major foreign research university or a joint campus created and managed between such a university and Yonsei University. This joint campus will be integrated and fully compatible with the Yonsei University program.

The Construction of the Yonsei Songdo Global Academic Complex began on 26, November, 2008.

The dormitory of the International Campus is composed of 12 houses. Until 2013, there were 8 houses: Avison, Yun, Dong-Joo, Muak, Yoongjae, Underwood, Baek Yang, Aristotle, and Allen. In 2014, four more houses were founded: Evergreen, Wonchul, Chi Won, and Cheongsong.

Notable alumni

Business

Literature & Arts

Politics, Government and Public Service

Academics

Sports

Entertainment

See also

References

  1. ↑ "History of Yonsei". http://yonsei.ac.kr/eng/. Retrieved 2007-07-10. External link in |publisher= (help)
  2. ↑ 심볼마크, 연세대학교 홈페이지.
  3. ↑ "'The cradle of the Insular' take care of Poor Korean". Kookmin Ilbo (in Korean). 19 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
  4. ↑ "Severance Hospital, What is Severance?". PRESSian (in Korean). 24 July 2009.
  5. ↑ Oshima (大島正健) was a Japanese Severance faculty member teaching ethics who made considerable contributions to this outcome. See Severance Bulletin No.12, 1929, S.U.M.C Catalogue 1917-18
  6. ↑ H.H. Underwood, Modern Education in Korea, p. 202.
  7. ↑ The Ordinance (1922) was commonly viewed to have an ulterior political motive, not as genuine effort to improve education. 동아일보사설 Donga Daily Editorial, February 10, 1922.
  8. ↑ Faculty members who include Choi Hyun Bae, Lee Yun Jae, Jung In Seo, Yu Eok Kyum, and Baek Nak Jun contributed to this end.
  9. ↑ 연세대학교백년사 One Hundred Years of Yonsei University History, Yonsei University Press, p.183
  10. ↑ 백낙준, 이묘묵, 하경덕, 갈홍기, 조병옥, 김윤경, 이용설 and others in June 1937; three students and 이순탁, 백남운, 노동규 apprehended and 60 Yonhi alumni investigated in October 1937; 유억겸, 이춘호, 최현배 in September 1938; student study group members 임종배, 김창식, 김규상 in October 1937 and 이순복, 김삼불, 송몽규 in 1938; 최현배 and others resigned after apprehension of linguists in 1942
  11. ↑ Doosan Encyclopedia
  12. ↑ This originally included Ewha University. Ewha University fell out asserting its independent goal in the education of women.
  13. ↑ "Academic Ranking of World Universities: Global". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  14. ↑ "World University Rankings 2016-2017". Times Higher Education. 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
  15. ↑ "QS World University Rankings 2016/17". Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  16. ↑ "Asia University Rankings 2016". Times Higher Education. 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  17. ↑ "QS University Rankings: Asia 2016". Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2016. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  18. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 29, 2012. Retrieved February 20, 2012. 2012 QS World University Rankings
  19. ↑ Korea. Academic rankings of world universities 2009 - South Korea. Among other comprehensive universities in South Korea, Seoul National University was ranked 17–22 in Asia/Pacific region, and 1st in South Korea. Korea University was ranked 43–67 in Asia/Pacific region, and 4–7 in South Korea
  20. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 27, 2009. Retrieved February 20, 2012. 2010 University News Network article
  21. ↑ http://www.arwu.org/ Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ↑ "Yonsei University", Asia University Rankings 2016, Times Higher Education (THE), 2016-09-05, retrieved 2016-09-23
  23. ↑ http://www.topuniversities.com/node/9264/ranking-details/world-university-rankings/2012 Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ↑ QS Asian University Rankings
  25. ↑ Vision and founding ideology of Yonsei University, from Yonsei University Web site
  26. ↑ Founding ideology of Yonsei University Board of Trustees, from Yonsei University Web site
  27. ↑ ko:연세대학교 Korean Wikipedia article
  28. ↑ "New Formula for Distributing MEF Dollars". General Board of Higher Education and Ministry. Archived from the original on December 27, 2010. Retrieved 2007-06-30. Approved in principle a partnership agreement with Yonsei University in Seoul, South Korea, similar to the COGEIME agreement. Under the agreement, the university will serve as the regional office for the Methodist Global Education Fund for Leadership Development in Asia.
  29. ↑ 2013 Yonsei University Statistics
  30. ↑ YES Official Page
  31. ↑ 2008 My Daily article
  32. ↑ http://yonsei.ac.kr/contents/sinchon/YICinfo1.html
  33. ↑ "Yonsei University Wonju Campus EASTASIA International College(EIC)". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
  34. ↑ "Yonsei University - Yonsei, the First & the Best". Retrieved 3 February 2016.
  35. ↑ "S-Campus 救郴其捞瘤". Retrieved 3 February 2016.
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