78th Academy Awards

78th Academy Awards
Official poster
Date	March 5, 2006
Site	Kodak Theatre Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Hosted by	Jon Stewart
Preshow host(s)	Billy Bush Chris Connelly Cynthia Garrett Vanessa Minnillo[1]
Produced by	Gil Cates
Directed by	Louis J. Horvitz
Highlights
Best Picture	Crash
Most awards	Brokeback Mountain, Crash, King Kong, and Memoirs of a Geisha (3)
Most nominations	Brokeback Mountain (8)
TV in the United States
Network	ABC
Duration	3 hours, 33 minutes[2]
Ratings	38.94 million 23.0% (Nielsen ratings)

The 78th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), took place on March 5, 2006, at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics.^[3] During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz.^[4][5] Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time.^[6] Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills, California held on February 18, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams.^[7]

Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture.^[8] Other winners included Brokeback Mountain, King Kong, and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece, and Capote, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, The Constant Gardener, Hustle and Flow, March of the Penguins, The Moon and the Son: An Imagined Conversation, A Note of Triumph: The Golden Age of Norman Corwin, Six Shooter, Syriana, Tsotsi, Walk the Line, and Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each. The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States.

Winners and nominees

The nominees for the 78th Academy Awards were announced on January 31, 2006, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in the Academy's Beverly Hills headquarters by Sid Ganis, president of the Academy, and actress Mira Sorvino.^[9] Brokeback Mountain earned the most nominations with eight total; Crash, Good Night, and Good Luck, and Memoirs of a Geisha tied for second with six nominations each.^[10] All five Best Picture nominees received corresponding Best Director nominations (the fourth occurrence in Oscar history since the Best Picture nominees roster was limited to five films).^[11]

The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 5, 2006.^[12] Several notable achievements by multiple individuals and films occurred during the ceremony. Crash was the first Best Picture winner since 1976's Rocky to win only three Oscars.^[13] Best Director winner Ang Lee became the first non-Caucasian winner of that category.^[14] For this first time since the 34th ceremony held in 1962, all four acting winners were first time nominees.^[15][16] Best Supporting Actor winner George Clooney was the fifth person to receive acting, directing, and screenwriting nominations in the same year and the first person to achieve this feat for two different films.^[17] By virtue of his nominations for both Memoirs of a Geisha and Munich, composer John Williams earned a total of 45 nominations tying him with Alfred Newman as the second most nominated individual in Oscar history.^[a][18] "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" became the second rap song to win Best Original Song and the first such song to be performed at an Oscars ceremony.^[19]

Awards

Ang Lee, Best Director winner

Philip Seymour Hoffman, Best Actor winner

Reese Witherspoon, Best Actress winner

George Clooney, Best Supporting Actor winner

Rachel Weisz, Best Supporting Actress winner

Paul Haggis, Best Original Screenplay co-winner

Nick Park, Best Animated Feature winner

Gavin Hood, Best Foreign Language Film winner

Martin McDonagh, Best Live Action Short Film winner

Richard Taylor, Best Visual Effects co-winner

Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger ().^[20]

Best Picture Crash – Paul Haggis, Cathy Schulman Brokeback Mountain – James Schamus, Diana Ossana Capote – William Vince, Michael Ohoven, Caroline Baron Good Night, and Good Luck – Grant Heslov Munich – Steven Spielberg, Kathleen Kennedy, Barry Mendel	Best Director Ang Lee – Brokeback Mountain Bennett Miller – Capote Paul Haggis – Crash George Clooney – Good Night, and Good Luck Steven Spielberg – Munich
Best Actor Philip Seymour Hoffman – Capote as Truman Capote Terrence Howard – Hustle & Flow as DJay Heath Ledger – Brokeback Mountain as Ennis Del Mar Joaquin Phoenix – Walk the Line as Johnny Cash David Strathairn – Good Night, and Good Luck as Edward R. Murrow	Best Actress Reese Witherspoon – Walk the Line as June Carter Cash Judi Dench – Mrs Henderson Presents as Laura Henderson Felicity Huffman – Transamerica as Sabrina "Bree" Osbourne / Stanley Schupak Keira Knightley – Pride & Prejudice as Elizabeth Bennet Charlize Theron – North Country as Josey Aimes
Best Supporting Actor George Clooney – Syriana as Bob Barnes Matt Dillon – Crash as Officer John Ryan Paul Giamatti – Cinderella Man as Joe Gould Jake Gyllenhaal – Brokeback Mountain as Jack Twist William Hurt – A History of Violence as Richie Cusack	Best Supporting Actress Rachel Weisz – The Constant Gardener as Tessa Quayle Amy Adams – Junebug as Ashley Johnsten Catherine Keener – Capote as Nelle Harper Lee Frances McDormand – North Country as Glory Dodge Michelle Williams – Brokeback Mountain as Alma Beers Del Mar
Best Original Screenplay Crash – Paul Haggis and Robert Moresco Good Night, and Good Luck – George Clooney and Grant Heslov Match Point– Woody Allen The Squid and the Whale – Noah Baumbach Syriana – Stephen Gaghan	Best Adapted Screenplay Brokeback Mountain – Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana from "Brokeback Mountain" by Annie Proulx Capote – Dan Futterman from Capote by Gerald Clarke The Constant Gardener – Jeffrey Caine from The Constant Gardener by John le Carré A History of Violence – Josh Olson from A History of Violence by John Wagner and Vince Locke Munich – Tony Kushner and Eric Roth from Vengeance by George Jonas
Best Animated Feature Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit – Nick Park and Steve Box Howl's Moving Castle – Hayao Miyazaki Corpse Bride – Mike Johnson, Tim Burton	Best Foreign Language Film Tsotsi (South Africa) in Afrikaans – Gavin Hood The Beast in the Heart (Italy) in Italian – Cristina Comencini Joyeux Noël (France) in French – Christian Carion Paradise Now (Palestine) in Arabic – Hany Abu-Assad^[b] Sophie Scholl – The Final Days (Germany) in German – Marc Rothemund
Best Documentary Feature March of the Penguins – Luc Jacquet and Yves Darondeau Darwin's Nightmare – Hubert Sauper Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room – Alex Gibney and Jason Kliot Murderball – Henry-Alex Rubin and Dana Adam Shapiro Street Fight – Marshall Curry	Best Documentary Short Subject A Note of Triumph: The Golden Age of Norman Corwin – Corinne Marrinan and Eric Simonson The Death of Kevin Carter: Casualty of the Bang Bang Club – Dan Krauss God Sleeps in Rwanda – Kimberlee Acquaro and Stacy Sherman The Mushroom Club – Steven Okazaki
Best Live Action Short Film Six Shooter – Martin McDonagh Ausreißer (The Runaway) – Ulrike Grote Cashback – Sean Ellis and Lene Bausager The Last Farm – Rúnar Rúnarsson and Thor S. Sigurjónsson Our Time is Up – Rob Pearlstein and Pia Clemente	Best Animated Short Film The Moon and the Son: An Imagined Conversation – John Canemaker and Peggy Stern Badgered – Sharon Colman The Mysterious Geographic Explorations of Jasper Morello – Anthony Lucas 9 – Shane Acker One Man Band – Andrew Jimenez and Mark Andrews
Best Original Score Brokeback Mountain – Gustavo Santaolalla The Constant Gardener – Alberto Iglesias Memoirs of a Geisha – John Williams Munich – John Williams Pride & Prejudice – Dario Marianelli	Best Original Song "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from Hustle & Flow – Music and Lyric by Jordan Houston, Cedric Coleman and Paul Beauregard "In the Deep" from Crash – Music by Kathleen "Bird" York and Michael Becker; Lyric by Kathleen "Bird" York "Travelin’ Thru" from Transamerica – Music and Lyric by Dolly Parton
Best Sound Editing King Kong – Mike Hopkins and Ethan Van der Ryn Memoirs of a Geisha – Wylie Stateman War of the Worlds – Richard King	Best Sound Mixing King Kong – Christopher Boyes, Michael Semanick, Michael Hedges and Hammond Peek The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe – Terry Porter, Dean A. Zupancic and Tony Johnson Memoirs of a Geisha – Kevin O'Connell, Greg P. Russell, Rick Kline and John Pritchett Walk the Line – Paul Massey, Doug Hemphill and Peter Kurland War of the Worlds – Andy Nelson, Anna Behlmer and Ron Judkins
Best Art Direction Memoirs of a Geisha – Art Direction: John Myhre; Set Decoration: Gretchen Rau Good Night, and Good Luck – Art Direction: Jim Bissell; Set Decoration: Jan Pascale Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire – Art Direction: Stuart Craig; Set Decoration: Stephenie McMillan King Kong – Art Direction: Grant Major; Set Decoration: Dan Hennah and Simon Bright Pride & Prejudice – Art Direction: Sarah Greenwood; Set Decoration: Katie Spencer	Best Cinematography Memoirs of a Geisha – Dion Beebe Batman Begins – Wally Pfister Brokeback Mountain – Rodrigo Prieto Good Night, and Good Luck – Robert Elswit The New World – Emmanuel Lubezki
Best Makeup The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe – Howard Berger and Tami Lane Cinderella Man – David Leroy Anderson and Lance Anderson Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith – Dave Elsey and Nikki Gooley	Best Costume Design Memoirs of a Geisha – Colleen Atwood Charlie and the Chocolate Factory – Gabriella Pescucci Mrs. Henderson Presents – Sandy Powell Pride & Prejudice – Jacqueline Durran Walk the Line – Arianne Phillips
Best Film Editing Crash – Hughes Winborne Cinderella Man – Mike Hill and Dan Hanley The Constant Gardener – Claire Simpson Munich – Michael Kahn Walk the Line – Michael McCusker	Best Visual Effects King Kong – Joe Letteri, Brian Van’t Hul, Christian Rivers and Richard Taylor The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe – Dean Wright, Bill Westenhofer, Jim Berney and Scott Farrar War of the Worlds – Dennis Muren, Pablo Helman, Randal M. Dutra and Daniel Sudick

Academy Honorary Award

• Robert Altman — In recognition of a career that has repeatedly reinvented the art form and inspired filmmakers and audiences alike.^[21]

Multiple nominations and awards

The following 19 films received multiple nominations: Nominations Film 8 Brokeback Mountain 6 Crash Good Night, and Good Luck. Memoirs of a Geisha 5 Capote Munich Walk the Line 4 King Kong Pride & Prejudice The Constant Gardener 3 Cinderella Man The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe War of the Worlds 2 A History of Violence Hustle & Flow Mrs Henderson Presents North Country Syriana Transamerica

The following four films each received multiple awards: Awards Film 3 Brokeback Mountain Crash King Kong Memoirs of a Geisha

Presenters and performers

The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers.^[22][23][24]

Presenters

Name(s)	Role
Kane, TomTom Kane[25]	Announcer for the 78th annual Academy Awards
Kidman, NicoleNicole Kidman	Presenter of the award for Best Supporting Actor
Stiller, BenBen Stiller	Presenter of the award for Best Visual Effects
Witherspoon, ReeseReese Witherspoon	Presenter of the award for Best Animated Feature
Watts, NaomiNaomi Watts	Introducer of the performance of Best Song nominee "Travelin' Thru"
Wilson, LukeLuke Wilson Owen Wilson	Presenters of the award for Best Live Action Short Film
Chicken Little Chicken Little (voiced by Zach Braff) Abby Mallard (voiced by Joan Cusack)	Presenters of the award for Best Animated Short Film
Aniston, JenniferJennifer Aniston	Presenter of the award for Best Costume Design
Crowe, RussellRussell Crowe	Presenter of the biographical films montage
Carell, SteveSteve Carell Will Ferrell	Presenters of the award for Best Makeup
McAdams, RachelRachel McAdams	Presenter of the segment of the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement and Gordon E. Sawyer Award
Freeman, MorganMorgan Freeman	Presenter of the award for Best Supporting Actress
Bacall, LaurenLauren Bacall	Presenter of the film noir montage
Howard, TerrenceTerrence Howard	Presenter of the award for Best Documentary Short Subject
Theron, CharlizeCharlize Theron	Presented the Academy Award for Documentary Feature
Lopez, JenniferJennifer Lopez	Introducer of the performance of Best Song nominee "In the Deep"
Bullock, SandraSandra Bullock Keanu Reeves	Presenters of the award for Best Art Direction
Jackson, Samuel L.Samuel L. Jackson	Presenter of the political films montage
Ganis, SidSid Ganis (AMPAS president)	Special presentation regarding activities funded by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Hayek, SalmaSalma Hayek	Introducer of the special instrumental solo performance to the tune of Best Original Score nominees Presenter of the award for Best Original Score
Gyllenhaal, JakeJake Gyllenhaal	Presenter of the epic films montage
Alba, JessicaJessica Alba Eric Bana	Presenters of the award for Best Sound Mixing
Streep, MerylMeryl Streep Lily Tomlin	Presenters of the Academy Honorary Award to Robert Altman
Ludacris, Ludacris	Introducer of the performance of Best Song nominee "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp"
Latifah, QueenQueen Latifah	Presenter of the award for Best Original Song
Garner, JenniferJennifer Garner	Presenter of the award for Best Sound Editing
Clooney, GeorgeGeorge Clooney	Presenter of the In Memoriam tribute
Smith, WillWill Smith	Presenter of the award for Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
Zhang, ZiyiZiyi Zhang	Presenter of the award for Best Film Editing
Swank, HilaryHilary Swank	Presenter of the award for Best Actor
Travolta, JohnJohn Travolta	Presenter of the award for Best Cinematography
Foxx, JamieJamie Foxx	Presenter of the award for Best Actress
Hoffman, DustinDustin Hoffman	Presenter of the award for Best Adapted Screenplay
Thurman, UmaUma Thurman	Presenter of the award for Best Original Screenplay
Hanks, TomTom Hanks	Presenter of the award for Best Director
Nicholson, JackJack Nicholson	Presenter of the award for Best Picture

Performers

Name(s)	Role	Performed
Conti, BillBill Conti	Musical arranger Conductor	Orchestral
Parton, DollyDolly Parton	Performer	"Travelin' Thru" from Transamerica
York, KathleenKathleen York	Performer	"In the Deep" from Crash
Perlman, ItzhakItzhak Perlman	Performer	Performed musical selections for Best Original Score nominees
Three 6 Mafia, Three 6 Mafia Taraji P. Henson	Performers	"It's Hard Out Here for a Pimp" from Hustle and Flow

Ceremony information

Jon Stewart hosted the 78th Academy Awards.

Despite the negative reception from the preceding year's ceremony, the Academy hired Gilbert Cates to oversee production of the awards gala.^[4] However, in an article published in The New York Times, it was stated that 2005 host Chris Rock would not return to host the show.^[26] According to a statement released by his publicist, "He didn't want to do it in perpetuity, He'd like to do it again down the road."^[26] Furthermore, many media outlets speculated that several AMPAS members felt uncomfortable with Rock's disparaging comments about Colin Farrell, Jude Law, and Tobey Maguire.^[27][28] Initially, Cates sought actor and veteran Oscar host Billy Crystal to host the ceremony again. However, Crystal declined the offer citing his commitment to his one-man comedy show 700 Sundays.^[29][30]

In January 2006, Cates announced that actor, comedian, and talk show host Jon Stewart, who had previously hosted two consecutive Grammy Awards ceremonies in 2001 and 2002, was chosen as host of the 2006 telecast.^[31] Cates explained the decision to hire him saying, "My wife and I watch him every night. Jon is the epitome of a perfect host — smart, engaging, irreverent and funny."^[32] In a statement, Stewart expressed that he was honored to be selected to emcee the program, jokingly adding, "Although, as an avid watcher of the Oscars, I can't help but be a little disappointed with the choice. It appears to be another sad attempt to smoke out Billy Crystal."^[33]

Several other people and companies participated in the production of the ceremony. Bill Conti served as musical supervisor for the telecast.^[34] Media firm The Ant Farm produced a thirty-second trailer promoting the broadcast featuring clips highlighting past Oscar winners to the tune of the song "Our Lives" by The Calling.^[35] Previous Oscar hosts such as Whoopi Goldberg and Steve Martin, and actors Mel Gibson, George Clooney, Halle Berry appeared in an opening comedic sketch.^[36] Actor Tom Hanks participated in a pre-taped comedic sketch lampooning Oscar speeches.^[37] Stephen Colbert narrated two different mock attack ads lampooning both the intense campaigning and lobbying during Oscar season put forth by film studios and political advertising during elections.^[38] Violinist Itzhak Perlman performed excerpts from the five nominees for Best Original Score.^[39]

Box office performance of nominated films

When the nominations were announced on January 31, the field of major nominees favored independent, low-budget films over blockbusters.^[40][41] The combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees when the Oscars were announced was $186 million with an average gross of $37.3 million per film.^[42] Crash was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees with $53.4 million in domestic box office receipts. The film was followed by Brokeback Mountain ($51.7 million), Munich ($40.8 million), Good Night and Good Luck ($25.2 million), and finally Capote ($15.4 million).^[42]

Of the top 50 grossing movies of the year, 35 nominations went to 13 films on the list. Only Walk the Line (19th), Cinderella Man (41st), Wallace and Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (45th), and Crash (48th) were nominated for Best Picture, Best Animated Feature, or any of the directing, acting, or screenwriting.^[43] The other top 50 box office hits that earned nominations were Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (1st), Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2nd), The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe (3rd), War of the Worlds (4th), King Kong (5th), Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (7th), Batman Begins (8th), March of the Penguins, (26th), and Memoirs of a Geisha (47th).^[43]

Critical reviews

Some media outlets received the broadcast positively St. Louis Post-Dispatch television critic Gail Pennington praised Stewart's performance as host writing that he "did the Oscars proud Sunday night, turning in a four-star hosting performance that unfortunately made the rest of the show seem sluggish by comparison."^[44] Film critic Roger Ebert said that Stewart was "on target, topical and funny," and added, "He was as relaxed, amusing and at home as Johnny Carson."^[45] Columnist Ray Richmond of The Hollywood Reporter commented, "He seemed at times nervous and self-conscious, but on the whole, Stewart delivered with just the right balance of reverence and smugness."^[46]

Others media publications were more critical of the show. Television critic Rob Owen of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette wrote that Stewart was more "amusing than funny". He added, "Many of his jokes fell flat with the stars in the Kodak Theatre, and his tendency to bow down before celebrities quickly grew tiresome."^[47] Tom Shales from The Washington Post commented, "It's hard to believe that professional entertainers could have put together a show less entertaining than this year's Oscars, hosted with a smug humorlessness by comic Jon Stewart, a sad and pale shadow of great hosts gone by." Moreover, he derided the "piles and piles and miles and miles of clips from films present and past" writing that it "squandered the visual luster" of the ceremony.^[48] Associated Press television critic Frazier Moore remarked, "Stewart, usually a very funny guy, displayed a lack of beginner's luck as first-time host...His usually impeccable blend of puckishness and self-effacement fell flat in the service of Oscar." He also criticized the decision to play music over the winner's acceptance speeches calling it "distracting and obnoxious."^[49]

Ratings and reception

The American telecast on ABC drew in an average of 38.94 million people over its length, which was a 8% decrease from the previous year's ceremony.^[50] Additionally, the show earned lower Nielsen ratings compared to the previous ceremony with 23.0% of households watching over a 35 share.^[51] Furthermore, it garnered a lower 18–49 demo rating with a 13.9 ratng among viewers in that demographic.^[51]

In July 2006, the ceremony presentation received nine nominations at the 58th Primetime Emmys.^[52] The following month, the ceremony won four of those nominations for Outstanding Art Direction (Roy Christopher and Jeff Richman), Outstanding Directing for a Variety, Music, or Comedy Program (Louis J. Horvitz), Outstanding Main Title Design (Renato Grgic, Alen Petkovic, Kristijan Petrovic, and Jon Teschner), and Outstanding Sound Mixing For A Variety, Music, or Animation Series or Special (Patrick Baltzell, Robert Douglass, Edward J. Greene, Jamie Santos, and Tom Vicari).^[53]

In Memoriam

The annual In Memoriam tribute was presented by actor George Clooney. The montage featured an excerpt of the theme from Now, Voyager composed by Max Steiner.^[54]

Teresa Wright Pat Morita Robert Newmyer Dan O'Herlihy Vincent Schiavelli Joe Ranft Moira Shearer Fayard Nicholas Stu Linder Sandra Dee John Fiedler Anthony Franciosa Joel Hirschhorn Guy Green Barbara Bel Geddes Robert Knudson

Moustapha Akkad Chris Penn John Mills Onna White Debra Hill Simone Simon Robert Schiffer Brock Peters Ernest Lehman Shelley Winters Anne Bancroft John Box Eddie Albert Ismail Merchant Robert Wise Richard Pryor

See also

• 12th Screen Actors Guild Awards
• 26th Golden Raspberry Awards
• 48th Grammy Awards
• 58th Primetime Emmy Awards
• 59th British Academy Film Awards
• 60th Tony Awards
• 63rd Golden Globe Awards
• List of submissions to the 78th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film

Notes

a^ : Walt Disney has the most Oscar nominations for any individual with 64.^[18]

b^ : Best Foreign Language Film nominee Paradise Now was initially nominated as a submission from Palestine.^[55] However, following protests from pro-Israeli groups in the United States, the Academy decided to designate it as a submission from the Palestinian Authority, a move that was decried by the film's director Hany Abu-Assad.^[56][57] During the awards ceremony, the film was eventually announced by presenter Will Smith as a submission from the Palestinian territories.^[58]

References

1. "A show this big needs buildups and wrap-ups". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. March 5, 2006. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
2. Rich, Joshua (March 10, 2006). "Facts about the Oscar telecast". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved March 27, 2014.
3. Feiwell, Jill (December 16, 2004). "Olympics delay Oscars". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved April 24, 2014.
4. Archerd, Army (November 16, 2005). "Cates taking the Oscar lead". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
5. "Oscar Watch: Horvitz to helm kudocast". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. December 13, 2005. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
6. "Jon Stewart to host 2006 Academy Awards". The Seattle Times. Frank A. Blethen. January 5, 2006. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
7. "Pixar draws academy kudos". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. February 20, 2006. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
8. Vancheri, Barbara (March 6, 2006). "'Crash' fatal to 'Brokeback' in best picture race". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. John Robinson Block. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
9. Marcus, Lawrence (January 29, 2006). "Oscar Watch: Sorvino to help unveil noms". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
10. Arnold, William (January 31, 2006). "No surprise here: 'Brokeback' leads Oscar hopefuls". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
11. Karger, Dave (February 3, 2006). "A Crash course on this year's Academy Award nominees". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
12. MacDonald, Moira (March 6, 2006). ""Crash" landing! Drama comes out of nowhere on Oscar night". The Seattle Times. Frank A. Blethen. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
13. Kargetr, Dace (March 10, 2006). "Oscars big night". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
14. Lundergaard, Erik (March 6, 2006). "Oscar misfire: 'Crash' and burn". NBC News (NBCUniversal). Retrieved February 27, 2011.
15. "'Crash' Upsets 'Brokeback' At Oscars". CBS News (CBS Corporation). March 5, 2006. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
16. Osborne 2008, p. 370
17. "Academy Awards 2006 trivia". BBC News (BBC). March 3, 2006. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
18. Bradford, Marlee (January 31, 2006). "Williams Ties Record for Oscar Nominations". The Film Music Society. Retrieved May 24, 2014.
19. Robertson, Jessica (March 6, 2006). "Three 6 Mafia Take Home Oscar". Rolling Stone. Jann Wenner. Retrieved March 2, 2014.
20. "The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Retrieved November 20, 2011.
21. Rainer, Peter (March 5, 2006). "Mr. Altman's unflinching eye". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
22. White, Dave (March 6, 2006). "Live blogging the Oscars". NBC News (NBCUniversal). Retrieved July 5, 2015.
23. Brooks, Xan (March 6, 2006). "The Oscars, minute by minute". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
24. McAuliffe, Kelly (March 9, 2006). "Oscars commentary: And the Oscar goes to...". The New Zealand Herald. New Zealand Media and Entertainment. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
25. Terrance 2013, p. 14
26. Mitovich, Matt Webb (December 9, 2005). "2006 Oscars Won't Rock". TV Guide. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
27. "Chris Rock won't host next Academy Awards". USA Today. Gannett Company. December 10, 2005. Retrieved September 18, 2013.
28. Fernandez, Maria Elena (December 10, 2005). "Rock not asked back as Oscar host". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
29. "Crystal feels badly about Oscar". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. December 21, 2005. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
30. Steinberg, Jacques (February 20, 2006). "A First-Time Oscar Host in Search of That Fine Line". The New York Times. Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
31. Vancheri, Barbara (January 6, 2006). "Jon Stewart Will Host 78th Annual Academy Awards". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. John Robinson Block. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
32. Breznican, Anthony (January 5, 2006). "Stewart will host the Oscars". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
33. "And the Oscar job goes to ... Jon Stewart". NBC News (NBCUniversal). January 5, 2006. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
34. "Bill Conti named musical director for 78th Academy Awards". USA Today. Gannett Company. December 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
35. Brown, Maressa (January 15, 2006). "Oscar Watch: Acad trailer coming to theaters". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
36. Kaufman, Gil (March 6, 2006). "Oscar Host Jon Stewart Gives Mad Props to Three 6 Mafia, Fears Russell Crowe Beat-Down". MTV (Viacom Media Networks). Retrieved April 29, 2014.
37. Stack, Tim (March 10, 2006). "Oscar stop watch". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
38. Goodman, Tim (March 6, 2006). "The Oscars may be one of our few national rituals. Good or bad, we're on the couch, watching". The San Francisco Chronicle. Jeffrey M. Johnson. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
39. McNamara, Mary (March 6, 2006). "Backstage, where the stars align". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
40. Bates, Jim (February 1, 2006). "Movies at their best, but has anyone seen them?". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
41. Smith, Meil (February 7, 2007). "Oscar watch: And the cash goes to...". CNN Money (Time Warner). Retrieved April 25, 2014.
42. "2006 Academy Award Nominations and Winner for Best Picture". Box Office Mojo (Amazon.com). Retrieved April 17, 2014.
43. "2005 Domestic Grosses (as of January 30, 2006)". Box Office Mojo (Amazon.com). Retrieved March 5, 2014.
44. "Oscar host Jon Stewart is worth the wait". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Ray Farris. March 6, 2006. p. C1.
45. Ebert, Roger (March 5, 2006). "'Crash'-ing a joyous Oscar party". Chicago Sun-Times. Sun-Times Media Group. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
46. Richmond, Ray (March 6, 2006). "78th Academy Awards". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
47. Owen, Rob (March 6, 2006). "Tuned In: Oscar opens with class, but ends up a B-movie". Pittsburgh-Post Gazette. John Robinson Block. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
48. Shales, Tom (March 6, 2006). "Memo to Jon Stewart: Keep Yout 'Daily' Job". The Washington Post. Fred Ryan. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
49. Moore, Frazier (March 6, 2006). "Oscarcast, Stewart fairly bland". The Cincinnati Post. E. W. Scripps Company. p. C2.
50. "NBC finishes out of the money again". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. March 8, 2006. Retrieved March 27, 2014.
51. "Down but not dire". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
52. "Primetime Emmy Award database". Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (ATAS). Retrieved January 14, 2014.
53. "The complete list of winners". Los Angeles Times. Austin Beutner. August 28, 2006. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
54. Burlingame, John (March 6, 2006). "Santaolalla scores, Three 6 Mafia raps up at Academy Awards". The Film Music Society. Retrieved May 25, 2014.
55. Gray, Tim (February 14, 2006). "Acad denies 'Now' rumors". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
56. Gray, Tim (March 1, 2006). "Oscar tune impugned". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
57. Agassi, Tirah (February 26, 2006). "Middle East tensions hang over Palestinian nominee for an Oscar / 'Paradise Now' traces lives of two men who are suicide bombers". San Francisco Chronicle. Jeffrey M. Johnson. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
58. Zayid, Maysoon (September 20, 2012). "Movie is 'not without its rewards'". Manawatu Standard. Fairfax Media. p. 13.

Bibliography

• Osborne, Robert (2008). 80 Years of the Oscar: The Complete History of the Academy Awards. New York: Abbeville Publishing Group. ISBN 0-7892-0992-6.
• Terrance, Vincent (2013). Television Specials: 5,336 Entertainment Programs, 1936–2012 (5 ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: Ballantine Books, McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1-4766-1240-9. OCLC 844373010.

External links

• Academy Awards Official website
• The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Official website
• Oscar's Channel at YouTube (run by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences)

News resources

• Oscars 2006 BBC News
• Academy Awards coverage CNN
• Oscars 2006 - The Academy Awards The New York Times

Analysis

• 2005 Academy Awards Winners and History Filmsite
• Academy Awards, USA: 2006 Internet Movie Database

Other resources

• The 78th Annual Academy Awards at the Internet Movie Database