Hope, British Columbia

Hope
District municipality
District of Hope[1]

Municipal building and street clock with Memorial Park in background

Flag
Seal
Hope

Location of Hope in British Columbia

Coordinates: 49°23′09″N 121°26′31″W / 49.38583°N 121.44194°W / 49.38583; -121.44194
Country Canada
Province British Columbia
Region Fraser Canyon, Fraser Valley
Regional District Fraser Valley
Established 1848
Government
 • Mayor Wilfried Vicktor
Area
 • Total 41.14 km2 (15.88 sq mi)
Elevation 41 m (135 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 5,969
 • Density 145.1/km2 (376/sq mi)
Time zone Pacific Standard Time
 • Summer (DST) Pacific Daylight Time (UTC)
Area code(s) 250 / 778 / 236
Highways BC 1 (TCH)
BC 3
BC 5
BC 7
Website http://www.hope.ca/

Hope is a district municipality located at the confluence of the Fraser and Coquihalla rivers in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Hope is at the eastern end of both the Fraser Valley and the Lower Mainland region, and is at the southern end of the Fraser Canyon. To the east over the Cascade Mountains is the Interior region, beginning with the Similkameen Country on the farther side of the Allison Pass in Manning Park. Located 154 kilometres (96 mi) east of Vancouver, Hope is at the southern terminus of the Coquihalla Highway and the western terminus of the Crowsnest Highway, locally known as the Hope-Princeton (Highways 5 and 3, respectively), where they merge with the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1). Hope is at the eastern terminus of Highway 7.

Hope is a member municipality of the Fraser Valley Regional District which provides certain municipal services to unincorporated settlements and rural areas.

The District of Hope includes Hope Townsite[2] (the previous Town of Hope)[3] and surrounding areas including the communities of Kawkawa Lake,[4] Silver Creek,[5] Floods, and Lake of the Woods.[6][7]

History

The history of Hope can be divided into thousands of years of First Nations settlement and a European settlement period from 1808 to present day.

First Nations history

Hope's First Nations settlement period starts with the first traces of people living in the Fraser Valley. These first nation origins date from 8,000 to 10,000 years ago, when the Sto:lo First Nations were in the area. In late 1782 a smallpox epidemic among the Stó:lō killed thousands or an estimated two thirds of the population.

European history

The European settlement period of Hope history begins in 1808. Explorer Simon Fraser arrived in what is now Hope in 1808, and the Hudson's Bay Company created the Fort Hope trading post in 1848. The area was transformed by the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush, beginning in 1858. The following year Governor James Douglas laid out the Fort Hope town site. Hope became part of the Colony of British Columbia when the new British colony was created on 2 August 1858. Along with the rest of British Columbia, Hope became part of Canada in 1871. Late in 1859, Reverend Alexander St. David Francis Pringle arrived in Hope. On 1 December of that year, he founded the first library on the British Columbia mainland. Within two years, he founded Christ Church (Anglican). Today, Christ Church is the oldest church on the B.C. mainland still holding services on its original site and is a National Historic Site of Canada.[8][9] Hope incorporated as a village on 6 April 1929, became a town on 1 January 1965, and was reincorporated as a District Municipality named the District of Hope on 7 December 1992.[10]

WWII

For more details on this topic, see Japanese Canadian internment.

During World War II an internment camp for Japanese Canadians was set up near Hope at Tashme (today's Sunshine Valley) just beyond the 100-mile exclusion zone from the coast.

Geography

The Fraser River west of Hope
The Coquihalla River near Hope

Hope is at the easternmost point of British Columbia's lower mainland area and is usually considered to be part of the Fraser Canyon area or "eastern Fraser Valley" as "Lower Mainland" is commonly understood as synonymous with "greater Vancouver". There are relatively significant peaks to the north, east, and south of the townsite. Only to the west can flat land be seen, and that view is dominated by the broad lower reaches of the Fraser River. The segment from Lytton to Hope separates the Cascade Mountains and Coast Mountains, thereby forming the lower part of the Fraser Canyon, which begins far upriver near Williams Lake. At Hope, the river enters a broad flood plain extending 130 kilometres (81 mi) to the coast and Vancouver. The Coquihalla and Sumallo Rivers and Silverhope Creek rise in the Cascade Mountains northeast and southeast and south of Hope, respectively, and empty into the Fraser River. The Skagit River begins south of Hope, across a low pass from the head of the Silverhope valley, which is the access to the Canadian shoreline of Ross Lake.

Hope panorama

Climate

Climate data for Hope Airport
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high humidex 17.1 19.4 24.5 30.5 40.8 38.2 44.1 42.9 39.9 30 19.6 14.7 44.1
Record high °C (°F) 15
(59)		 19.4
(66.9)		 25.1
(77.2)		 30.1
(86.2)		 38.4
(101.1)		 36.7
(98.1)		 40
(104)		 39.1
(102.4)		 38.3
(100.9)		 29
(84)		 18.9
(66)		 16.1
(61)		 40
(104)
Average high °C (°F) 4.7
(40.5)		 7
(45)		 12.1
(53.8)		 15.1
(59.2)		 18.6
(65.5)		 20.9
(69.6)		 23.6
(74.5)		 24.8
(76.6)		 21.4
(70.5)		 14.5
(58.1)		 7.1
(44.8)		 3.5
(38.3)		 14.4
(57.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.1
(35.8)		 3.6
(38.5)		 7.4
(45.3)		 10.1
(50.2)		 13.5
(56.3)		 16
(61)		 18.2
(64.8)		 19
(66)		 15.9
(60.6)		 10.5
(50.9)		 4.6
(40.3)		 1.2
(34.2)		 10.2
(50.4)
Average low °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3)		 0.3
(32.5)		 2.6
(36.7)		 5
(41)		 8.4
(47.1)		 11
(52)		 12.8
(55)		 13.2
(55.8)		 10.3
(50.5)		 6.4
(43.5)		 2.1
(35.8)		 −1
(30)		 5.9
(42.6)
Record low °C (°F) −22.8
(−9)		 −21.1
(−6)		 −16.7
(1.9)		 −4.4
(24.1)		 −2.8
(27)		 2.2
(36)		 3.3
(37.9)		 3.9
(39)		 −1.1
(30)		 −11.2
(11.8)		 −21.4
(−6.5)		 −24.4
(−11.9)		 −24.4
(−11.9)
Record low wind chill −27.6 −31.5 −23.7 −6.9 −4 0 0 0 −2.1 −20.4 −34.5 −36.8 −36.8
Average precipitation mm (inches) 290.5
(11.437)		 201.1
(7.917)		 159
(6.26)		 172.8
(6.803)		 112
(4.41)		 93.8
(3.693)		 77.8
(3.063)		 49.1
(1.933)		 97
(3.82)		 218.6
(8.606)		 352.5
(13.878)		 219
(8.62)		 2,043.3
(80.445)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 265.9
(10.469)		 182.1
(7.169)		 154.3
(6.075)		 171.7
(6.76)		 112
(4.41)		 93.8
(3.693)		 77.8
(3.063)		 49.1
(1.933)		 97
(3.82)		 217.4
(8.559)		 339
(13.35)		 195.2
(7.685)		 1,955.2
(76.976)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 27.9
(10.98)		 24.9
(9.8)		 5.1
(2.01)		 1
(0.4)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 1.3
(0.51)		 14.3
(5.63)		 29
(11.4)		 103.5
(40.75)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 18.9 15.9 17.5 18.2 16.3 13.9 10.5 8.1 10.3 15.7 21.6 17.7 184.6
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 16.7 13.7 17.2 18.2 16.3 13.9 10.5 8.1 10.2 15.6 20.8 14.9 176.1
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 5.6 4 1.4 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 2.9 6.3 20.9
Average relative humidity (%) 77.1 68 57.2 56.5 57.6 59.4 58.5 55 55.7 68.8 80.2 78 64.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 13.2 56.3 114.7 144.6 185.4 194.6 236.2 251.8 188.7 96.9 19.6 4.4 1,506.4
Percent possible sunshine 4.9 19.8 31.2 35.2 39.1 40.1 48.2 56.4 49.7 28.9 7.1 1.7 30.2
Source: [11]

Demographics

(according to Statistics Canada 2006 census)

Economy

One of the town's largest employers is Nestlé Waters. Nestlé, the world's biggest bottler of water, packages more than 300 million litres of water from Hope aquifers annually. Nestlé pays C$675 to the provincial government for this quantity of water (C$2.25 per million litres). The Nestlé bottling plant employs approximately 75 people.[12]

Arts and culture

Totem overlooking Fraser River in downtown Hope

Chainsaw wood carving

Hope holds chainsaw wood carving competitions and exhibitions. From 4–7 September 2008 the Second Annual Hope Chainsaw Carving Competition took place.[13] Chainsaw wood carvings are displayed and exhibited throughout the downtown core of Hope. Memorial Park in downtown Hope has a display of chainsaw wood carvings. Hope is home to a notable widely known carver named Pete Ryan who has carved a number of the chainsaw wood carvings exhibited in downtown Hope.[14]

The Hope Arts Gallery exhibits and sells a variety of art by local artists.[15] The Hope Arts Gallery is located in downtown Hope and has several rooms displaying sculpture, pottery, paintings and drawings, jewellery, fabric arts, basketry, cards and gifts, and photography. The Hope Arts Gallery is run by volunteers from the Hope Arts Guild. The Hope Arts Gallery presents ART WALK, a self-guided tour to art and chainsaw wood carvings in Hope.

Hope Brigade Days

One of the largest events of the year in Hope is Hope Brigade Days. Brigade Days weekend occurs the weekend after Labour Day every September. Events include a parade, fireworks display, midway, chainsaw carving competition, demolition derby, kids' carnival, and 4x4 racing.[16]

Attractions

A lake and mountain view in Hope

Hope Museum

The Hope Museum shows the history, culture and heritage of Hope. In downtown Hope, together with the Hope Visitor Centre, the Hope Museum is open year round. Exhibits include First Nations culture, early Fort Hope, the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush, the Kettle Valley Railway, pioneer life, logging, and mining. [17][18]

Hope Recreation Complex

The Hope Recreation Complex includes a pool, arena, and fitness centre. The Hope and District Recreation Complex is run by the Fraser Valley Regional District.[19]

Hope Slide

The Hope Slide was one of the largest landslides ever recorded in Canada. It occurred in the morning hours of January 9, 1965, near Hope. It killed four people. A viewing site showing the Hope Slide is approximately a 15-minute drive east of Hope on Highway 3.[20][21]

Memorial Park and Friendship Garden

Friendship Garden

Immediately adjacent to the District Hall in Hope is a Japanese garden called the Friendship Garden, dedicated to the Japanese-Canadians who were interned nearby at Tashme during World War II.[22] It was built by local Japanese-Canadians, and presented to Hope on July 27, 1991.[23] Men from that camp were employed during the war building the Hope-Princeton Highway.

Hope Memorial Park, adjacent to the District Hall and Friendship Garden, is the site of a concert series on Sunday afternoons in July and August.[24]

Memorial Park was granted to the then-village of Hope in 1932 by the province of British Columbia. It occupies roughly 7 acres (28,000 m2) in the heart of the town.

Othello Tunnels

Othello Tunnels is the popular name for the main human-made features of Coquihalla Canyon Provincial Park, east of Hope along the canyon of the Coquihalla River and a decommissioned railway grade, now a walking trail, leading eventually to Coquihalla Pass. Originally part of the Kettle Valley Railway, five tunnels and a series of bridges give a spectacular view of the Coquihalla River as it passes through the river's narrow gorge.[25][26]

Sports

Curling

The Hope Curling Club is near the Hope Recreation Complex. The Hope Curling Club sponsors bonspiels such as the Men's Bonspiel annually in January as well as the Mixed Curling Bonspiel.[27]

Golf

Hope has a golf course and club on the banks of the Coquihalla River.

The Hope Icebreakers Junior Hockey Club

The Hope Icebreakers were a Canadian Junior ice hockey team. They played in the Pacific International Junior Hockey League and the town of Hope from the 03/04 to the 07/08 season, after which they were approved by BC hockey to move to Mission, BC, Canada. They subsequently changed their name to the Mission Icebreakers. The Icebreakers have a Sasquatch logo.

Government

The District of Hope is a district municipality that is part of the regional district called the Fraser Valley Regional District.

District municipality

The Mayor of Hope is Wilfried Vicktor.[28]

Fraser Valley Regional District

The mayor of Hope also serves as a director on the board of the Fraser Valley Regional District.[29] In addition to regional planning, the Fraser Valley Regional District (FVRD) works in collaboration with the District of Hope to provide recreational and cultural programs, ice arena and swimming pool, regional parks, mapping, air quality, mosquito control, weed control, E911 dispatch fire service, and search and rescue.[30]

Province of British Columbia

Hope is in the Chilliwack-Hope riding provincially. The current MLA is Laurie Throness, who was elected in 2013.[31]

Parliament of Canada

Hope is in the electoral district of Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon,[32][33] which is represented in the Canadian House of Commons by Mark Strahl.[34]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Highways

The Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) passes through Hope. Hope is the southern terminus of the Coquihalla Highway (Highway 5), the western terminus of the Crowsnest Highway, locally known as the Hope-Princeton highway (Highway 3), and the eastern terminus of Highway 7.

Hope aerodrome

Hope Aerodrome (IATA: YHE, ICAO: CYHE) is 2.6 NM (4.8 km; 3.0 mi) west of the Hope Townsite[2](the previous Town of Hope) within the municipal District of Hope, British Columbia, Canada. The aerodrome is operated by the Fraser Valley Regional District. There is one turf runway 3,960 ft (1,210 m) long. The airfield is home to the Vancouver Soaring Association, a gliding club owning and operating school and recreational sailplanes and tow planes. Hope Aerodrome lies within the community of Flood in the District of Hope.[6][7]

Railways

Both the Canadian Pacific and Canadian National railways pass through Hope. The Canadian, a Canadian transcontinental passenger train currently operated by Via Rail Canada, passes through Hope, calling at the Hope railway station.

Heliports

Hope heliport is a private heliport at Fraser Canyon Hospital.

Charter helicopter service

Hope has charter helicopter service available that provides service for the natural resource industry, including forestry and mining exploration, as well as other industries including film, tourism, and public service.

Health care

Fraser Canyon Hospital

Fraser Canyon Hospital is a 10-bed hospital and provides services including: 24/7 emergency care stabilization and triage and hospice beds and services. Emergency care stabilization and triage 24/7 is unique to Fraser Canyon Hospital due to its geographic isolation and emergency service requirements in an area where major highways converge.[35] Fraser Canyon Hospital officially opened on 10 January 1959, and began as a 20-bed hospital, complete with delivery and operating rooms.[36]

Education

The Fraser-Cascade School District #78 operates several schools in the District of Hope.[37] There are two schools in Hope Townsite[2](the previous Town of Hope): Coquihalla Elementary School, which offers Kindergarten to Grade 6; and Hope Secondary School, which offers Grades 7-12. In addition, Silver Creek Elementary School, which is located in the community of Silver Creek, offers Grades Kindergarten to 7, with these students then attending Hope Secondary School for Grades 8-12.[38] The Fraser-Cascade School District also operates other educational programs such as the District Alternative Secondary Program.[39] District enrollment has declined from 1,993 students in the 2009-2010 school year to 1,615 in 2014-2015.[40]

Hope has been a popular location to shoot films. First Blood (1982), the first Rambo film, starring Sylvester Stallone, Brian Dennehy, and Richard Crenna, was filmed almost entirely in and around Hope, as was Shoot to Kill (1988), starring Sidney Poitier, Tom Berenger and Kirstie Alley. K2 (1992) was also filmed nearby, with the area's mountains standing in for the Himalayas.[41]

Hope Springs (2003), starring Colin Firth and Heather Graham, was filmed in and around Hope, but set in a fictional Hope, Vermont in the United States.[41]

Other films made in whole or in part in and around Hope have included Fire with Fire (1986), Yellow Dog (1994), White Fang II (1994), The Pledge (2001), The Stick Up (2003, starring James Spader), Suspicious River (2004), Afghan Knights (2007), and Wind Chill (2007).[41] Hope was the setting for a story by Todd McFarlane in Spider-Man #8-12.

Reality show contestant Ryan Jenkins from VH1's series Megan Wants a Millionaire was found dead in the Thunderbird Motel in Hope on August 23, 2009, of an apparent suicide after being charged with the murder of his wife in California.

In Spider-Man, issues #8-12 (the "Perceptions" story arc), a Wendigo creature is blamed in the deaths of several children near Hope, British Columbia and terrorizing the town. Spider-Man's alter ego, Peter Parker, is sent to take pictures during the media frenzy that follows.

The reality show, Highway Thru Hell, shown on the Discovery Channel is based in Hope and surrounding areas.

In Deadlight, a 2012 video game, the protagonist, Randall Wayne, is from the town of Hope. A fictionalized version of the town and its denizens are presented via flashbacks.

Notable natives and residents

See also

References

Ogilvie Peak rises some 1,800 m above the east shore of Kawkawa Lake and is the southwesternmost summit of the Coquihalla Range of the Cascade Mountains
  1. ↑ "British Columbia Regional Districts, Municipalities, Corporate Name, Date of Incorporation and Postal Address" (XLS). British Columbia Ministry of Communities, Sport and Cultural Development. Archived from the original on July 13, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 "Hope Townsite Roadmap" (PDF). hope.ca. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 27, 2011.
  3. ↑ Fraser Valley Regional District
  4. ↑ "Kawkawa Lake Roadmap" (PDF). hope.ca. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 27, 2011.
  5. ↑ "Silver Creek Roadmap" (PDF). hope.ca. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 27, 2011.
  6. 1 2 "Map of the District of Hope" (PDF). hope.ca. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 27, 2011.
  7. 1 2 http://www.hope.ca/bylaws/index.php?SUID=&selectedFolder=84 Archived July 18, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  8. ↑ "Historical Christ Church still on original site", p. 38 in Experience Hope, 2008 visitor guide to Hope.
  9. ↑ Christ Church. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
  10. ↑ "Crowsnest Highway". crowsnest-highway.ca.
  11. ↑ "Calculation Information for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Normals Data". Environment Canada. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  12. ↑ Lau, Andree (2015-07-10). "Nestle Water Use In B.C. Under Fire Again Amid Drought, Wildfires". The Huffington Post B.C. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  13. ↑ p.24 2008 Hope Visitor Guide, Hope Standard Publications
  14. ↑ p.25 2008 Hope Visitor Guide, Hope Standard Publications
  15. ↑ http://www.hopeartsgallery.com/about.html
  16. ↑ "48th Annual Hope Brigade Days, Hope BC". Hope Brigade Days, Hope BC. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
  17. ↑ p.9, 2008 Hope Visitor Guide, Hope Standard Publications
  18. ↑ p.12B, The Hope Standard newspaper, Thursday 14 August 2008, Experience the Past special reprint section available at Hope Visitor Centre
  19. ↑ http://www.fvrd.bc.ca/Services/HopeRecreationandCulture/AbouttheHopeRecreationComplex/Pages/default.aspx Archived May 29, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
  20. ↑ p.41, 2008 Hope Visitor Guide, Hope Standard Publications
  21. ↑ Hope Slide Souvenir Edition, The Hope Standard, January 1965, available at the Hope Visitors Centre
  22. ↑ "Beautiful Japanese Garden", p. 26 in Experience Hope, 2008 visitor guide to Hope.
  23. ↑ "Friendship Garden".
  24. ↑ "Weekends come alive with music", p. 27 in Experience Hope, 2008 visitor guide to Hope.
  25. ↑ p.37, 2008 Hope Visitor Guide, Hope Standard Publications
  26. ↑ "redirect". gov.bc.ca.
  27. ↑ "Events - Hope BC Canada - www.hopebc.com (HopeBC Events)". hopebc.com. 1 August 2015.
  28. ↑ "Mayor and Council/District Department Contacts". hope.caaccessdate=April 6, 2015.
  29. ↑ "Board of Directors". fvrd.bc.ca.
  30. ↑ http://www.fvrd.bc.ca/AboutUs/FVRDMemberMunicipalities/Pages/DistrictofHope.aspx Archived February 1, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
  31. ↑ "Members; Laurie Throness". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  32. ↑ "Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon". parl.gc.ca.
  33. ↑ "Voter Information Service". elections.ca.
  34. ↑ "Mark Strahl". parl.gc.ca.
  35. ↑ http://www.fraserhealth.ca/Services/HospitalServices/Pages/HospitalServicesDirectory.aspx Archived August 28, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  36. ↑ Simone Rolph, Hope Standard, 14 January 2009
  37. ↑ http://www.sd78.bc.ca/sitemap.html
  38. ↑ http://www.sd78.bc.ca
  39. ↑ http://www.sd78.bc.ca/dasp.htm
  40. ↑ "Budget 2015/2016" (PDF). School District No. 78 (Fraser Cascade). Retrieved 7 September 2015.
  41. 1 2 3 "Hope's Hollywood Moments", p. 20 in Experience Hope, 2008 visitor guide to Hope.
  42. ↑ "Darren R. Huston". CNBC. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
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Coordinates: 49°23′09″N 121°26′31″W / 49.38583°N 121.44194°W / 49.38583; -121.44194

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