Taylor, British Columbia

Coordinates: 56°09′32.3″N 120°41′16.0″W / 56.158972°N 120.687778°W

Taylor
District municipality
District of Taylor[1]
District of Taylor Municipal Hall
Flag
Taylor Location of Taylor in British Columbia
Coordinates: 56°09′32″N 120°41′16″W / 56.15889°N 120.68778°W
Country	Canada
Province	British Columbia
Regional District	Peace River District
Incorporated	23 Aug 1958 (Village)
	21 Apr 1989 (District)
Government
• Mayor	Rob Fraser
• Governing Body	Mayor and Council
• MP	Bob Zimmer
• MLA	Pat Pimm
Area
• Total	17.09 km^2 (6.60 sq mi)
Elevation	500 m (1,600 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	1,373
Time zone	Mountain Time Zone (UTC-7)
• Summer (DST)	not observed (UTC-7)
Postal code span	V0C 2K0
Area code(s)	+1-250
Website	District of Taylor

The District of Taylor is a small town in northeastern British Columbia, Canada, located on mile 36 of the Alaska Highway. Taylor, a member municipality of the Peace River Regional District, covers an area of about 17.09 km² with 1,373 residents.^[2] As it is just south of the much larger city of Fort St. John, there is a sizable amount of commuting and interaction between the two.

The town sits on a terrace 60 m above the north bank of the Peace River. The first settler on the flat was a trapper named Herbert Taylor in 1911. The town incorporated in 1958 with industrial business beginning to locate there. Since then, Taylor has remained a small town, even though it has developed a large industrial base. It has become home to the annual World's Invitational Class 'A' Gold Panning Championships and was featured on the CBC Television program Village on a Diet.

History

The town, and the Taylor Flats upon which the town is located, are named after Donald Herbert Taylor, a fur-trader with the Hudson's Bay Company who regularly met his Aboriginal trading counterparts on this river flat. In 1912 Taylor left his employers and took up residence on the flats with a few other squatters. That year the federal government opened the area to homesteading and Taylor was granted the land upon which he had settled.^[3] These early settlers were trappers with the first farm established by Henry Philip, from Glasgow, who inherited buildings, equipment and land from his survey team when they left the area. In 1919, with the help of Taylor's nine children, along with those from a few American families who settled there, the provincial government opened the Taylor Flats School.

These early settlers all came to the area through the Peace River Country, through Grande Prairie and Pouce Coupe, and across the Peace River. Some decided to settle on the steep-sloped south side of the Peace River, an area that would become known as South Taylor. To cross the river a cable ferry, which would prove to be accident-prone, was built in the 1920s but was soon replaced with a motor-driven ferry. This ferry was used until 1942 when the U.S. Army came through the area building the Alaska Highway and constructed the 2,130-foot (650 m) long Peace River Suspension Bridge. The highway connected the town to a rail station in Dawson Creek reducing the dependence on shipping along the river. The bridge suddenly collapsed on October 16, 1957 with no injuries or fatalities.^[4] A new rail trestle, from the rail extension from Chetwynd to Fort St. John, was used while constructing the replacement Peace River Bridge.

District of Taylor Information Centre

Major industrial development began in 1957, when Westcoast Energy (later Duke Energy) built the province's first gas processing plant, as well as a refinery and pipeline to Kamloops.^[5] The community that formed around this industrial development was incorporated as a Village on August 23, 1958 and soon after Canfor opened a planer mill. Meanwhile, 120 km (75 mi) upstream, the W.A.C. Bennett Dam was completed in 1966 and the Peace Canyon Dam in 1980, which controlled the level and flow of the Peace River, making navigation and flood control much easier.

Following the construction of a natural gas processing plant by Westcoast Energy in 1985, Fibreco Pulp opened its sawmill in 1988, and the Village was re-incorporated into the District of Taylor in 1989. Despite the closure of the Petro-Canada refinery in 1991, economic growth continued throughout the decade as Westcoast Energy's McMahon Gas Plant expanded in 1991 and added a cogeneration plant in 1993. Fibreco Pulp doubled its capacity in 1996, the Younger Natural Gas Liquids Extraction Plant (to extract water and sulphur from natural gas) was expanded in 1996, and the Taylor Straddle plant (to extract ethane from natural gas) was built in 1997.Since 1993, the town of 1,373 residents have built a new hockey arena, leisure skating arena, curling rink, and an 18 hole golf course. Strong community pride also developed as demonstrated by the town placing first at the provincial level, in its small category, in the parks and gardens-oriented Communities in Bloom Competition in 1997 and second in the national competition in 1998.^[4][6] Other local projects have included building a memorial garden and cenotaph in 2000 dedicated to the 341st Engineers of the U.S. Army corps of Engineers who were stationed on the Taylor Flats in 1942 during the construction of the Alaska Highway and the Peace River Suspension Bridge.

Demographics

Canada 2011 Census[7]
	Taylor	British Columbia
Median age	30.7 years	41.9 years
Under 15 years old	22.9%	15.4%
Over 65 years old	6.2%	15.7%
Visible minority	1.4%	27.3%
Protestant	50.0%	44.6%
No religious affiliation	50.0%	44.1%

Population trend 1976–2006, BC Stats.^[8]

The 1961 Canadian census, the first to include Taylor as a distinct subdivision, counted 438 people.^[8] During the subsequent five years the population rose 36% to 595 people but rose only a further 2% to 605 people by 1971.^[8] The population spiked in the late-1970s during the construction of the Peace Canyon Dam and when the sawmills were opened in town. After the dams were built businesses left and the population decline in the early-1980s. Since 1985 a series of large industrial businesses opened facilities in town creating a steady population rise since then.

According to the 2011 Canadian Census, there were 1,405 people living in the municipality in 535 households. A little over the provincial average 68.5% are married while 31.5% are single. With 2.5% of Taylor residents being foreign-born, and 96.4% with an English-only mother tongue, the town has few visible minorities. While not counted as visible minorities during the census, 180 people considered themselves to have an Aboriginal identity, just over twice the provincial average of 5.4%. Housing is mostly owned with 21.5% of the stock being rented, with the provincial average being 29.8%.^[7]

Geography and climate

District of Taylor Aerial Photo: North to South

Precipitation averages, 1971-2000[9]
Time	Precipitation
January	26 mm (1.0 in)
July	80 mm (3.1 in)
Annual	321 mm (12.6 in)
Annual snowfall: 135 cm (53.0 in)

The Taylor Flats, upon which the town is situated, was formed by a pre-glacial bend in the Peace River that now flows eastwards, originating in Hudson's Hope and emptying into the Arctic Ocean. The terrace is approximately 60 m above the north bank of the Peace River. Escarpments encircle the terrace and rise another 100 m to the upland Peace River Prairie. The soil of the Taylor Flats has few limitations, and is rated as prime in some areas.^[10] The soils are Rego black loam and clay loam that contain few stones or gravel and are well drained, yet hold adequate moisture for crops. There are several hundred acres of Agricultural Land Reserve within the municipal boundaries on both the east and west sides of the town site. Most of the original vegetation and tree stands have been cleared but black spruce and aspen trees, and an understory of Labrador tea, bog cranberry and mosses are present.^[11]

The town has a northern, semiarid continental climate with cool, short summers and long, cold winters. However, the Taylor Flats’ microclimate, created by the south-facing terrace and the Peace River, produces more frost-free days than most of the Peace River Country. Being in a rain shadow of the Rocky Mountains the town receives a suppressed amount of precipitation, and especially snowfall.^[11] Like the rest of the region, the town has long daylight hours in the summer, short winter daylight hours and uses Mountain Standard Time year-round.

Transportation and infrastructure

Taylor's transportation network is dominated by the two-lane Alaska Highway (Highway 97) which runs north-south through the middle of community and provides the only highway entrance and exit to the town. Cherry Avenue East is a rural road transportation route that travels through Baldonnel to Fort St. John. Intersections along the highway give access to frontage roads lined with businesses and civic buildings oriented to the highway. The frontage roads also provide access to housing behind the businesses. A wide right-of-way provides a large building setback distance from the highway and helps mitigate noise and other negative impacts of heavy traffic. In total, Taylor maintains 23 km of paved and 14 km of unpaved roads.^[12]

Topographic map of Fort St. John and Taylor, British Columbia.

Taylor has limited rail, bus, boating and air service for regional and provincial transportation needs. A BC Rail line runs northeast from Chetwynd to Fort St. John and branches off eastwards to Taylor. The rail line’s terminus is in the industrial sector in the southeast corner on the town. The train, which does not offer passenger service, must turn around in the industrial area in order to travel back to the trunk line. Greyhound Bus Lines maintain a stop in Taylor along its Alaska Highway route from Dawson Creek, 56.5 km south of Taylor to Fort St. John (14 km north of Taylor). Since the Peace River is controlled by two dams upstream, it is navigable for recreational boats, however, due to the coulee between industry and the river, the shipping industries in the town did not develop. The closest commercial airport is Fort St. John Airport, 13.8 km north of Taylor, with two paved runways.^[13]

The town uses the Peace River which flows eastward as a source of drinking water and as outlet for industrial waste. The drinking water supply comes from an intake pipe southwest of town. The water is mechanically and chemically filtered then pumped to a reservoir on a ridge north of town. A gravity pump moves the water to the town from the reservoir using 18 km of watermains.^[12] Sewage is collected by 13 km of sanitary sewers and processed by a two-cell lagoon system before being absorbed into the ground.^[12]

Taylor's only school, Taylor Elementary School, is administered by School District 60 Peace River North, which in 2005 had an enrollment of 147 students.^[14] Any students grades 7 and up are transported to Fort St. John for secondary school education. Taylor funds a volunteer fire department, which covers the town plus several kilometers into the rural areas. The closest hospital for Taylor residents is the Fort St. John General Hospital but residents can access medical resources through the Taylor Medical Clinic.

Economy

Spectra Energy Aerial: District of Taylor

For a town of 1,373 people, Taylor has a very large industrial base and calls itself "Where Peace and Prosperity Meet." Industrial plants include the Westcoast Energy's McMahon plant for natural gas processing with sulfur recovery and cogeneration, two straddle plants which extract ethane and other impurities from liquid natural gas, Canfor Pulp's chemi-thermomechanical pulp mill, and several smaller sawmills. Being involved in primary resource industries, the town is vulnerable to global trade, as demonstrated by the town's Canfor planer mill closing in 2004 during U.S.-Canada softwood lumber dispute. In response to the decline of the forest industry, the town has expanded its tourism industry. After the Canfor mill closure, the District established a plan to develop Peace Island Park for tourist operations. The federal Ministry of Western Economic Diversification, contributed $310,952 to the project.

Economy[7]
Rate	Taylor	British Columbia
Unemployment rate	7.7%	7.8%
Participation rate	71.4%	64.6%
Average male income	$59,000	$47,480
Average female income	$24,953	$31,683

According to the 2011 Canadian census, only 2.7% of Taylor's population graduated from a university, much less than the 22.1% provincial average and, likewise, 34.3% did not graduate from secondary school, twice the provincial average. Of Taylor's 775 person labour force, 32.3%, or 250 people (220 males and 25 females), are employed as tradesmen, transport and equipment operators and in related occupations.^[7] With Fort St. John only 14 km north of Taylor it is within commuting distance for employees and shoppers. Taylor itself has little commercial retail stores, including no grocery store, but residents commute to Fort St. John for their retail needs.

Culture and recreation

Championship 18 Hole Lone Wolf Golf Course

Despite its small population base and its proximity to a much larger urban centre Taylor has an ice arena, a curling rink, indoor swimming pool, irrigated baseball diamonds, a motocross track, and an 18 hole championship golf course. The District Ice Center opened in 1993 and consists of an ice hockey rink and leisure skating rink, both of which are used for roller hockey, trade shows and conventions in the summer. The four sheet curling rink is used as a swimming pool in the summer. The District's newest facility, built in 2001, is a CND $1.2 million multi-purpose community hall and gymnasium, which now features a rehabilitation studio.^[6] The 320-acre (1.3 km²), 18-hole Lone Wolf Golf Course opened in 1995 at a cost of CND $3.5 million and is managed by the District. Meandering around the course, by agricultural fields, and a community forest, is the 4.2 km ParticipACTION Trail. In the winter the golf course and its trails are used for cross-country skiing, snowshoeing and other winter activities.

Since 2004 the District has operated Peace Island Park with its boat launch, campsites, and facilities for recreational outdoor events. Annual events in the community include a conformation dog show in May, and the Invitational Class 'A' Gold Panning Championships in the summer, among others. The gold panning competition is a three-day event that has been held in Taylor annually since 1972 and includes advanced and amateur competitions, a parade and other community-wide events.^[15] Also, to preserve its heritage, several pioneer log houses, such as the Information Centre, where a replica of Alexander Mackenzie's birch bark canoe is displayed, and Peace Island Park meeting hall, have been restored and are used today. In 2010/11 the town was featured on the CBC documentary series Village on a Diet.^[16]

Government and politics

The District of Taylor has a Mayor and Council form of municipal government. At-large elections are held every four years to elect four municipal councillors, a mayor who also represents Taylor at the Peace River Regional District Board of Directors, and one school board trustee (to the school district). The November 2014 municipal election was the first election in 28 years that the District of Taylor elected a new mayor. Mayor Rob Fraser was elected after Former Mayor Fred Jarvis retired after 35 years in the public service sector.

Taylor is situated in the Peace River North provincial electoral district and is represented by Pat Pimm in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Prior to 2009, the town was located within the Peace River South electoral district and was represented by Blair Lekstrom who was first elected as its Member of the Legislative Assembly in the 2001 provincial election taking 78% of votes cast at the Taylor polls^[17] and re-elected in 2005 with 73% support.^[18] For the 1996 election, and those previous, Taylor was part of the Peace River North provincial electoral district which elected Richard Neufeld of the BC Reform Party.^[19]

Federally, Taylor is located in the Prince George—Peace River riding, which is represented in the Canadian House of Commons by Conservative Party Member of Parliament Bob Zimmer. Prior to Zimmer the town was represented by long-time MLA Jay Hill, first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1997, 2000, 2004, and 2006 with 82%,^[20] 83%,^[20] 79%^[21] and 80%^[22] support from Taylor polls, respectively. Before Hill the town was represented, from 1972 to 1993, by Frank Oberle of the Progressive Conservative Party who served as Minister of State for Science and Technology from 1985 to 1989 and Minister of Forestry from 1990 to 1993.^[23]

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Canadian federal election 2011: Taylor polls in Prince George—Peace River[24]
Party		Candidate	Votes	city %	riding %
	Conservative	Bob Zimmer	367	77%	62%
	New Democratic	Lois Boone	62	13%	26%
	Green	Hilary Crowley	26	5.4%	6.0%
	Liberal	Ben Levine	15	3.1%	5.2%
	Pirate	Jeremy Cote	8	1.7%	1.1%
Turnout			478	49%	54%

|}

B.C. election 2013: Taylor polls in Peace River North[25]
Party		Candidate	Votes	city %	riding %
	Liberal	Pat Pimm	240	58.8%	58.9%
	Independent	Arthur Hadland	134	32.8%	24.5%
	New Democratic	Judy Fox-McGuire	18	4.4%	9.8%
	Conservative	Wyeth Sigurdson	16	3.9%	6.7%
Turnout			408	29.7%	3.0%

References

1. "British Columbia Regional Districts, Municipalities, Corporate Name, Date of Incorporation and Postal Address" (XLS). British Columbia Ministry of Communities, Sport and Cultural Development. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
2. Stats Canada (October 23, 2014), , Census Profile.
3. Harrison, Hal (1981) "Birth of the South Peace" in Lure of the South Peace: Tales of the Early Pioneers Dawson Creek: South Peace Historical Book Committee. pg. 273.
4. District of Taylor (October 24, 2014), History.
5. Spectra Energy (October 24, 2014), History.
6. District of Taylor (October 24, 2014), History 1960 to Present.
7. Statistics Canada (October 23, 2014), , 2011 Community Profiles.
8. BC Stats (October 24, 2014), .
9. Climate Canada (October 24, 2014), Taylor Flats, British Columbia, Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000
10. Provincial Agricultural Land Commission (October 24, 2014)
11. Salmo Consulting Inc. and Novagas Clearinghouse Ltd. (October 24, 2014). Application for a Project Approval Certificate - Taylor Straddle plant
12. Reed Construction (2005), Municipal redbook: an authoritative reference guide to local government in British Columbia, Burnaby, BC, 65. ISSN 0068-161X
13. Fort St. John Airport (October 24, 2014), North Peace Airport Services February 3, 2005.
14. School District No. 60 (October 24, 2014) Taylor Elementary School, School District No. 60 (Peace River North)
15. District of Taylor. Taylor Events: Gold Panning
16. Scott, Jennifer (February 2011). "All about Village on a Diet". Canadian Living. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
17. Elections BC (October 24, 2014) , Statement of Votes, 2001.
18. Elections BC (October 24, 2014) , Statement of Votes, 2005
19. Elections BC (October 24, 2014) , Statement of Votes, 1996.
20. Elections Canada 36th and 37th General Elections: Official Voting Results: Poll-by-poll Results, Elections Canada On-Line|General Information, January 22, 2006. (Requires user to download database.
21. Elections Canada (2004) Thirty-eighth General Election 2004 — Poll-by-poll results, Official Voting Results/Résultats officiels du scrutin, November 18, 2005. (Requires navigation to Prince George—Peace River)
22. Elections Canada (October 24, 2014) 39th General Election Validated Poll-by-Poll Results.
23. Library of Parliament (2006) Oberle, The Hon. Frank, P.C., Federal Political Experience, January 22, 2006. (Requires user to download database.
24. "Forty-First General Election". Official Voting Results. Elections Canada. 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-20. Requires navigation to Prince George—Peace River
25. "Peace River North Electoral District" (PDF). Statement of Votes, 2013. Elections BC. 2013. Retrieved 2014-10-23.

General references

Calverley, Dorthea. The Story of Taylor’s Flat to 1957 Calverley Collection.

External links

• Discover the Peace Country - Taylor