Roanoke Building

"Lumber Exchange Building (Chicago)" redirects here. For other uses, see Lumber Exchange Building (disambiguation).
Lumber Exchange Building and Tower Addition

Roanoke Building from west along Madison
Location of Roanoke Building in the Chicago Loop area
Location 11 South LaSalle Street
Chicago, Illinois
Coordinates 41°52′53.7″N 87°37′56.4″W / 41.881583°N 87.632333°W / 41.881583; -87.632333Coordinates: 41°52′53.7″N 87°37′56.4″W / 41.881583°N 87.632333°W / 41.881583; -87.632333
Area less than one acre
Built 1915
Architect Holabird & Roche
Architectural style Portuguese Gothic Revival
NRHP Reference # 07001238[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP December 6, 2007
Designated CL December 12, 2007

11 South LaSalle Street Building or Eleven South LaSalle Street Building (formerly Roanoke Building and Tower and originally Lumber Exchange Building and Tower Addition or simply the Roanoke Building and Lumber Exchange Building) is a Chicago Landmark building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and that is located at 11 South LaSalle Street in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. This address is located on the southeast corner of LaSalle and Madison Street in Cook County, Illinois across the Madison Street from the One North LaSalle Building. The building sits on a site of a former Roanoke building (once known as Major Block 2) that once served as a National Weather Service Weather Forecast official climate site and replaced Major Block 1 after the Great Chicago Fire. The current building has incorporated the frontage of other buildings east of the original site of Major Block 1.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (under the name Lumber Exchange Building and Tower Addition) on December 6, 2007,[1][2] and named a Chicago Landmark on December 12, 2007.[3] It incorporates the lands of the former DeSoto Building and former Farewell Hall.[4]

Original Roanoke Building

A four-story Major Block 1 building, designed by T. V. Widskier, sat on this location until the Great Chicago Fire. After the fire, this was replaced with the Major Block 2, which eventually became known as the Roanoke Building. Major Block 2 stood from 1872–1912 as a seven-story building on spread foundations. It was designed by Dixon & Hamilton and had a length of 136 feet (41.5 m) along South LaSalle Street and a width of 66 feet (20.1 m) along West Madison Street. A commonly published illustration of this building shows it as a five-story building.[4] From June 8, 1873 to January 1, 1887 the original Roanoke building served as the Chicago location for the National Weather Service Weather Forecast official climate site.[5] The building is mentioned in Saul Bellow's More Die of Heartbreak but there it is referred to as a wealthy residence building and not as an office building.[6]

Current Roanoke Building

The original current building

Roanoke Building (dark) in front of One North LaSalle (light grey) on right from South on LaSalle Street

The current building was designed in three phases: in 1915 Holabird & Roche's design for the first 16 floors was built, and five floors were added in 1922. It was built originally as the sixteen-story high Lumber Exchange Building and later renamed as the 11 South LaSalle Street Building. The Holabird & Roche design had three basements and rock caissons.[4] The original 16-floor building was a late Chicago school commercial building that incorporated arches at both the fourth and the top floor, but when the top five floors were added in 1922 under the original cornice, the top rank of arches disappeared.[7] The building uses dark terra cotta with italianate designs.[8] The vaulted ceiling and marble wall lobby contribute to what is described as a classical entrance and lobby.[8] The Palladian entrance uses contrasting white varigated and black marble.[8]

Tower addition

In 1925,[9] the building was built to its current 35 story height by the addition of an adjacent tower to the east of the Madison street frontage.[7] The entire building contains 330,000 square feet (31,000 m2).[10] The 36-story tower was added east of the original structure on the site of the former DeSoto Building at 125-129 West Madison.[4] The tower was an early example of the use of setbacks and it uses ranks of paired windows.[7] When the Tower was built, four bronze bells were cast by the Meneely Bell Company (the second Meneely Bell Foundry) and installed as a clock-chime. They were set to chime an original composition called "Samheim", which is Norse for "Tomorrow", every quarter-hour.[11] The largest of these bells weighs 7,201 pounds (3,266 kg; 514.4 st)[12] and is inscribed with the name "Leander" in honor of Leander McCormick.[13] The current Roanoke building is the city's only example of a building in the style of Portuguese Gothic architecture.[14] According to the press release from the city announcing the landmark promotion, the building's terra cotta ornamentation is derived from Portuguese Gothic precedents.[3] The building was modernized in the 1950s and went through a postmodern renovation in 1984 to evoke the original ornamentation.[7] The building has the same frontage as the original Roanoke building plus that of the former Farewell Hall (built by William W. Boyington at 131-3 West Madison Street).[4]

From 1920 until 1969 the building hosted the offices of the law firm Sidley & Austin.[15] Today the building is leased by small service industry firms, such as second-floor tenant Thomas P. Gohagan & Co., which arranges travel trips and tours for non-profit organizations.[10]

The building is undergoing renovation to the lobby, the façade, the elevators and the exterior lighting.[10] The recent National Register listing has made the renovation feasible by making the building eligible for federal tax credits and reduced property taxes.[16] The building qualified for the landmark Class L tax status,[17] which makes it eligible for twelve years of reduced property taxes and other economic incentives for repair and rehab of historic buildings>[18] In order to perform the renovation the owners took out a $43.3 million loan against the property according to Form 8-K filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.[19] Its National Registered Historic Places announcement listed it under the name "Lumber Exchange Building and Tower Addition" although its Chicago Landmark listing is under the name "Roanoke Building and Tower."[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  2. ↑ "Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties 12/03/07 through 12/07/07", National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service. Retrieved May 18, 2008. Archived February 14, 2011, at WebCite
  3. 1 2 "Designation sensation: Council landmarks five buildings, two districts" (Press release). December 12, 2007. Retrieved March 31, 2008. At 11 S. LaSalle St., the Roanoke Building and Tower was designed in stages between 1915 and 1925 by noted architects Holabird & Roche and Andrew Rebori. The building's terra cotta ornamentation is derived from unusual Portuguese Gothic precedents. Archived February 14, 2011, at WebCite
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Randall, Frank A., John D. Randall. History of the Development of Building Construction in Chicago. Google Books. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
  5. ↑ "History of the Chicago and Rockford weather observation sites". NOAA's National Weather Service. Retrieved March 31, 2008.
  6. ↑ for instance page 191 Dell Publishing 1988
  7. 1 2 3 4 Sinkevitch, Alice, ed. (2004). "The Loop: 11 S. LaSalle St. (formerly Roanoke Building, originally Lumber Exchange Building)". AIA Guide to Chicago (2nd ed.). Harcourt, Inc. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-15-602908-7.
  8. 1 2 3 Steiner, Frances H. (1998). "Central Business District: LaSalle Street: Eleven South LaSalle (Originally the Lumber Exchange)". The Architecture of Chicago's Loop: A Guide to the Central and Nearby Districts. Sigma Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-9667259-0-2.
  9. ↑ Emporis.com cites the year as 1927 and other sources note 1926.
  10. 1 2 3 Kelly, Gina (December 11, 2007). "Gohagan & Co. Sign for 15,500 SF at Roanoke". Cityfeet.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
  11. ↑ "Roanoke Building". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved March 31, 2008.
  12. ↑ Meneely Bell Company ledger, p.101
  13. ↑ Manor, Robert (March 1, 2008). "Timeworn gem gets a polish". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
  14. ↑ Gallun, Alby (August 2, 2007). "Panel approves landmark status for Roanoke Building". Crain's ChicagoBusiness. Crain Communications, Inc. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
  15. ↑ Wilson, Mark R. (2005). "Sidley & Austin". The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. Chicago Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved March 31, 2008.
  16. ↑ Eddie Baeb (August 10, 2007). "Reschke refinances Roanoke Building ahead of renovation". Crain's Chicago Business. Crain Communications, Inc. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
  17. ↑ "untitled" (PDF). Chicago City Clerk. November 13, 2007. Retrieved May 27, 2008.
  18. ↑ "The Commission on Chicago Landmarks designation process and criteria; how landmarking and its tax incentives could affect you, and the differences from National Registry". Hyde Park-Kenwood Community Conference. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2008.
  19. ↑ "KBS Real Estate Investment Trust/Inc · 8-K · For 8/7/07". SEC Info. Fran Finnegan & Company. August 13, 2007. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2008.

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