Paglicci Cave
| Grotta Paglicci (Paglicci Cave) | |
|---|---|
  Location of the caves in Italy | |
| Location |
 Rignano Garganico (FG, Apulia, Italy) |
| Coordinates | 41°40′00″N 15°34′00″E / 41.66667°N 15.56667°ECoordinates: 41°40′00″N 15°34′00″E / 41.66667°N 15.56667°E |
| Elevation | 590 m |
| Geology | Karst cave |
| Entrances | 1 |
| Access | Public |
| Website | Official website |
Paglicci Cave is an archaeological site situated in Paglicci, near Rignano Garganico, Apulia, southern Italy. The cave, discovered in the 1950s, is the most important cave of Gargano. The cave is an attraction of the Gargano National Park.
Description
In the cave, situated near Rignano Garganico, there are more than 45,000 individual finds, including Paleolithic tools, human and animal bones. They are currently housed in Rignano Garganico's Museum. Evidence of paleolithic oat harvesting dating to 30,600 BC was linked to a pestle recovered from the cave.[1]
The cave contains also some Paleolithic mural paintings, depicting horses and handprints. Images of goats, cows, a serpent, a nest with eggs, and a hunting scene have also been found engraved on bone.
Two human skeletons have been found as well, belonging to a boy and a young woman, both wearing deer bone or teeth ornaments.
Paglicci cave contains the earliest Aurignacian and Gravettian remains of Italy, dated to c. 34,000 and 28,000 BP (uncalibrated).[2]
Risk of collapse
In 2008 Italian archaeologists made a plea to the Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, to dedicate funds to save the cave which is at risk of imminent collapse.[3]
Relevance in population genetics
In 2008, a scientific team led by David Caramelli tested human remains from Paglicci cave dated 28,000 BP (before present), named Paglicci 23, and found that the individual had the human mitochondrial haplogroup H, specifically the rather common Cambridge Reference Sequence. The result was exhaustively tested for possible contamination and replicated in a separate test.[4]
In 2016 it was found that 31-35 thousand years old human remains from the cave named Paglicci 33 carried Y-DNA haplogroup I and mtDNA haplogroup U8c.[5]
See also
- List of caves in Italy
- Prehistoric archaeological sites in Italy
References
- ↑ Multistep food plant processing at Grotta Paglicci (Southern Italy) around 32,600 cal B.P.
- ↑ Julien Riel-Salvatore in his blog A Very Remote Period Indeed
- ↑ Life in Italy: Stone age cave risks collapse
- ↑ D. Caramelli et al., A 28,000 Years Old Cro-Magnon mtDNA Sequence Differs from All Potentially Contaminating Modern Sequences. PLOS ONE, 2008
- ↑ Qiaomei Fu et al, The genetic history of Ice Age Europe, Nature(2016)doi:10.1038/nature17993Received 18 December 2015 Accepted 12 April 2016 Published online 02 May 2016
External links
- Grotta Paglicci website (Italian)