Royal Guernsey Light Infantry

Royal Guernsey Light Infantry

Badge of the RGLI
Active 1916–1919
Country  United Kingdom
Branch  British Army
Type Infantry
Size 1,300 soldiers
Part of 29th Division 1917–1918
Garrison/HQ Fort George, Guernsey
Motto(s) Diex Aïx (God Help Us)
Engagements Battle of Passchendaele
Battle of Cambrai 1917
Battle of the Lys 1918
Battle honours Awarded to the 1st Battalion
Royal Guernsey Militia
Passchendaele
Cambrai 1917
Lys
Estaires
Hazebrouck
France and Flanders 1917-18.

The Royal Guernsey Light Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Army that was formed from the Royal Guernsey Militia in 1916 to serve in World War I. They fought as part of the British 29th Division. Of the 2,280 men, most of whom came from Guernsey, who fought on the Western Front with the RGLI, 327 were killed and 667 were wounded.

Many Guernsey men had already volunteered for regiments in the British Army before the RGLI was formed. The RGLI was created because there was no Guernsey-named regiment to underline the island's devotion to the Crown.

The regimental motto, Diex Aïx, derives from the battle cry used by the Duke of Normandy 1,000 years earlier.[1]

The Regiment lives on in the Guernsey Army Cadet Force (Det.) Light Infantry, who, although they do not wear the RGLI Cap Badge, still keep alive the history of the Regiment within the Detachment.

The Royal Guernsey Light Infantry Charitable Trust was formed in 2016 and dedicated to the commemoration and memorial of the regiment and its activity with the express intent of placing memorials at Les Rues Vertes, France and St Peter Port, Guernsey on the 100th anniversaries of key RGLI events in 2017.

Brief History of the Regiment

British War Medal
For those who rendered service
between 5 August 1914
and 11 November 1918

1916

17 December

Royal Guernsey Light Infantry established. (Royal Guernsey Militia suspended for the duration of the war)
Most men from the Militia volunteered to join the RGLI, others including a few civilians, were conscripted.

1917

Training in Guernsey at Fort George, L'Ancresse and Beaucamps

1 June

To England – Bourne Park Camp near Canterbury for advanced infantry training.[2] Forming part of 202nd Brigade, 67th Division.[3]

July

2nd (Reserve) Battalion formed to receive recruits and train them as replacements for casualties in the 1st Battalion RGLI.

September

Soldiers sent on a final leave

26 September

The RGLI 1st Service Battalion (44 Officers and 964 other ranks) boarded trains to Southampton and onwards to France.
2 Officers and 53 other ranks returned to Guernsey to join the 2nd Battalion, too young, too old or unfit for France.[4]:15

27 September

Land at Le Havre and travel by Forty-and-eights train to Stoke Camp, Proven.[4]:15

October

RGLI take their place in 86th Brigade, part of the 29th Division

9–14 October

Battle of Poelcappelle (Part of Third Battle of Ypres, or ‘Passchendaele’). After this, rest and training for Cambrai.

October–November

Training for planned Battle of Cambrai with Tanks.[4]:15

20 November – 3 December

Battle of Cambrai, where the RGLI's role was to go through the Hindenburg Line after the first wave and take 'Nine Wood' to the north of Marcoing.[2] This went according to plan, with few casualties and they then moved into Marcoing and on to the front line at Masnières. The Guernseymen found themselves defending the small town of Les Rues Vertes against a huge and determined German counter-attacks on 30 November, pushed back they retook the village twice in heavy hand to hand fighting that lasted two days. They suffered heavy casualties, with nearly 40% of the regiment either killed, injured or missing during the battle, but only withdrew when ordered to by the high command.[2][4][5][6][7]
A number of the wounded found themselves returned to Guernsey, to be cared for at the Victoria Military Hospital in Amherst or the Convalescent Hospital at Les Touillets, Castel.
After this, rest, refitting, training and a search for replacements. The shortage of men available from Guernsey resulted in the RGLI entering 1918 with 50% of the men being non-Guernsey born.[4]:20

1918

18–26 January

RGLI went back into the front line at Sint-Jan (north east of Ypres). After this, work parties, training.

8–29 March

In battle zone, taking turns in the front line at Poelcappelle.

3–7 April

In front line, Passchendaele sector. When out of the line, employed in trenching and draining.
Portrait of Haig at General Headquarters, France, by Sir William Orpen, May 1917
Pulled out of the front line, the 503 officers and men were hurried by lorry to Vieux-Berquin in the Lys area where a German offensive had broken through.

10–14 April

Battle of the Lys, east of Hazebrouck. German 6th Army under Von Quast smashes 5 miles through allied lines. The RGLI is bussed south to help stem the German advance. Hopelessly outnumbered, but holding the Germans in a fighting retreat from Le Doulieu to near Merris, the Battalion suffer an appalling 80% casualties rate.[2] The RGLI is relieved by the Australian 1st Division. Field Marshall Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig wrote in his despatches, which was published in the London Gazette on 21 October 1918: "After very heavy fighting, in the course of which the 1st Battalion Royal Guernsey Light Infantry, 29th Division, Major-General D.E. Cayley C.M.G. commanding the division, did gallant service....."[8]
The fighting strength was now less than 110 officers and men.[4]:24

27 April

The RGLI, withdrawn from the 29th Division and 86th Brigade, become GHQ troops well to the rear in Ecuires where they became guard troops for General Haig's H.Q. at Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais for the rest of the war and beyond.[2] The Army headquarters was an enormous administrative body, divided into five departments staffed with a wide variety of personnel. Haig lived at a small Chateau 'Beaurepaire', 2 miles (3.2 km) kilometers SE of the town on the D138.

27 November

King George V, accompanied by Haig, made a triumphant passage through Montreuil on his way to Paris.[9]

1919

5 April

Haig leaves Montreuil and the headquarters ceases to operate as such.

21–22 May

Many of the remaining members of the RGLI sailed back to Guernsey on the "SS Lydia". They left behind 327 graves bearing their cap badge.[4]:24

Honours and Awards

Orders and medals

The Royal Guernsey Light Infantry Regimental Museum is located at Castle Cornet in Saint Peter Port, Guernsey

Order of St. Michael and St. George (Companion) (3rd Class)

T. L. de Havilland, Lieutenant Colonel [10]

Royal Victorian Order (5th Class)

N. R. Ingrouille, Lieutenant [11]

Military Cross

T, Hutchesson, Captain (T/Major) [12]
F. de M. Laine, Lieutenant [13]
H. A. Le Bas, Lieutenat (T/Captain) [14]
E. J. Stone, 2nd Lieutenant [15]
H. E. K. Stranger, 2nd Lieutenant [15]
Victory Medal
First World War 1914-20

Distinguished Conduct Medal

W. H. Budden, 569 Acting Sergeant [16]
H. L. James, 586 Sergeant [17]
W. J. Le Poidevin, 590 Sergeant [18]

Military Medal

T. R. Robin, 841 Private [19]
C. H. Yeaghers, 610 Private [20]
J. Sealley, 843 Corporal [21]
W. Gannicott, 335 Corporal [22]
W. T. Gregg, 87 Private [23]
G, Ruaux, 458 Private [24]

Médaille militaire (France)

J. Sealley, 843 Corporal [25]

Mentioned in Despatches
(Despatch from Sir Douglas Haig to the Secretary of State for War)

T. L. de Havilland, Lieutenant Colonel [26]
E. A. Dorey, Lieutenant [27]
C.W. Hockey, 438 Lance Corporal [28]
H. Jones, Lieutenant [27]
C. C. Machon, 226 Lance Corporal [27]
W. T. Robinson, 1131 Lance Corporal [27]

Battle Honours

In February 1925, in accordance with General Order No 5034 The London Gazette published a complete list of Battle Honours awarded for the Great War.[29]

In General Orders, 1928, "Honours awarded to Militia Corps for services previous to the Great War shall pass to the reconstituted Militia Regiment and shall be emblazoned on all Regimental Standards, Guidons or Colours"[30]

Following the disbandment of the Royal Guernsey Light Infantry in 1919, the 1st Battalion Royal Guernsey Militia were granted the following Battle Honours:

The Colours of the RGLI are hung in the Town Church, Guernsey

Poetry

See ye Masnières canal a'flood
And where yon green graves lay?
There Norman warriors fled to their God
Ne'er more to glimpse the day.
But writ there, first, a name in blood-
Norman Ten Hundred.
At Doulieu, the night birds flit
Across yon blue-grey water.
And at dusk ghost warriors sit-
Wraiths of a fearsome slaughter.
There too in blood the name is writ-
Norman Ten Hundred.
And thus there the battle's flame
Laid men out fast and low,
So young Sarnia died, but Fame
Cast o'er their graves its glow,
And honours wove about the name
Norman Ten Hundred.

(From Blicq, A Stanley, Norman Ten Hundred, Guernsey Press, 1920)

See also

References

  1. ↑ L'Art de vérifier les dates des faits historiques, des chartes, des chroniques et autres anciens monumens depuis la naissance de Notre-Seigneur, par le moyen d'une table chronologique ... Alexandre Jombert Jeune. 1784. p. 830.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "The Royal Guernsey Light Infantry The 1914 – 18 war and the death of a regiment". museums.gov.gg.
  3. ↑ James, Brigadier E. A. British Regiments 1914-1918. Andrews UK Limited, 2012. ISBN 9781781501535.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Parks, Edwin. Diex Aïx:God Help Us. ISBN 978-1871560855.
  5. ↑ "Masnières and Marcoing".
  6. ↑ Gliddon, Gerald. VCs of the First World War: Cambrai 1917. ISBN 9780752483771.
  7. ↑ Horsfall, Jack. Cambrai: The Right Hook. ISBN 9780850526325.
  8. ↑ "The Thrust towards Hazebrouck".
  9. ↑ "MONTREUIL-SUR-MER: BRITISH GHQ ON THE WESTERN FRONT". remembrancetrails.
  10. ↑ "Appointments to CGM". The Edinburgh Gazette (13453). 5 June 1919. p. 1827.
  11. ↑ "Appointments to RVO". The Edinburgh Gazette (13313). 30 August 1918. p. 3002.
  12. ↑ "Award of MC". Supplement to the London Gazette (30450). 1 January 1918. p. 39.
  13. ↑ "Award of MC". Supplement to the London Gazette (31092). 1 January 1919. p. 27.
  14. ↑ "Award of MC". Supplement to the London Gazette (30801). 18 July 1918. p. 8465.
  15. 1 2 "Award of MC". Supplement to the London Gazette (30780). 5 July 1918. p. 7925.
  16. ↑ "Award of DCM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30664). 1 May 1918. p. 5293.
  17. ↑ "Award of DCM". The Edinburgh Gazette (13340). 23 October 1918. p. 4020.
  18. ↑ "Award of DCM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30664). 1 May 1918. p. 5302.
  19. ↑ "Award of MM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30606). 2 April 1918. p. 5302.
  20. ↑ "Award of MM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30606). 2 April 1918. p. 4022.
  21. ↑ "Award of MM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30606). 2 April 1918. p. 4021.
  22. ↑ "Award of MM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30873). 29 August 1918. p. 10121.
  23. ↑ "Award of MM". Supplement to the London Gazette (30873). 29 August 1918. p. 10122.
  24. ↑ "Award of MM". Supplement to the London Gazette (31227). 13 March 1919. p. 3443.
  25. ↑ "Award of Médaille militaire". Supplement to the Edinburgh Gazette (13306). 19 August 1918. p. 2904.
  26. ↑ "Mentioned". Supplement to the London Gazette (31439). 4 July 1919. p. 8589.
  27. 1 2 3 4 "Mentioned". Supplement to the London Gazette (30704). 25 May 1918. p. 6178.
  28. ↑ "Mentioned". Supplement to the London Gazette (31088). 30 December 1918. p. 15216.
  29. ↑ HMSO. Battle Honours Awarded for the Great War. Andrews UK Limited, 2012. ISBN 9781781501870.
  30. ↑ "CONDITIONS OF AWARD OF BATTLE HONOURS FOR THE GREAT WAR 1914-1919".
  31. ↑ Battle Honours Awarded for the Great War. HMSO. ISBN 9781781501870.

The Channel Islands and the Great War Study Group

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