Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)


Sacred Heart Church
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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Location	217 W. Fourth St., Dayton, Ohio
Coordinates	39°45′28″N 84°11′43″W / 39.75778°N 84.19528°W / 39.75778; -84.19528Coordinates: 39°45′28″N 84°11′43″W / 39.75778°N 84.19528°W / 39.75778; -84.19528
Area	Less than 1 acre (0.40 ha)
Built	1890 (1890)
Architect	Charles Insco Williams
Architectural style	Romanesque; Queen Anne
NRHP Reference #	87001885^[1]
Added to NRHP	October 22, 1987

Sacred Heart Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in downtown Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the end of the nineteenth century for a new parish, it closed in 1996, but was reopend in 2001 when a Vietnamese Catholic group began to use the church. This church building remains significant because of its grand architectural elements, which have led to its designation as a historic site.

Parish history

One of Dayton's oldest Catholic parishes, St. Joseph's Church was established in 1846. The lack of space in that church prompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes of Covington in November 1895; construction had cost approximately $100,000 ($2,849,200 in current dollar terms), but the parish was able to liquidate its debts by 1903. For many years, the parish flourished, reaching a membership of five hundred families by 1909,^[2]^:360 but its membership had subsided by 1996. Five years later, a Vietnamese-speaking Catholic parish began using the building.^[3]

Architecture

Designed by Charles Insco Williams, Sacred Heart is a limestone building with a limestone foundation, an asphalt roof, and various elements of sandstone and copper;^[4] the limestone was quarried locally, while the sandstone was obtained from Berea, Ohio. Constructed in the Romanesque Revival style,^[2]^:360 but with a prominent octagonal Baroque dome and glazed cupola, towers flank the main entrance, and there are rose windows under the pediments of the front and side.^[4] When constructed, the building featured a basement under the 75-foot ceiling, and its general plan was 115 by 92 feet, or 23, 35, and 28m respectively.^[2]^:360 Grand woodworking, artwork, and chandeliers once filled the interior, but most have been removed; some were destroyed by the raging waters of the Great Flood of 1913, while others were intentionally removed or painted over at later dates.^[3]

Preservation

In October 1987, Sacred Heart Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.^[1] Although as a religious property it would not normally be considered eligible for designation,^[5] it nevertheless qualified because of its distinctive historic architecture. The parish's related rectory was also included in the designation. It is one of five Dayton churches on the Register, along with St. Mary's, St. Adalbert's, and Holy Cross Catholic Churches and First Lutheran Church.^[1]

References

1 2 3 National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
1 2 3 Drury, A.W. History of the City of Dayton and Montgomery County, Ohio. Vol. 1. Chicago and Dayton: Clarke, 1900.
1 2 Dalton, Curt. Dayton. Charleston: Arcadia, 2006, 52.
1 2 Sacred Heart Church, Ohio Historical Society, 2007. Accessed 2013-11-10.
↑ National Register Criteria for Evaluation, National Park Service. Accessed 2013-11-10.

Churches in the Archdiocese of Cincinnati

Cathedral	Saint Peter in Chains Cathedral

Parishes	Cincinnati Church of the Annunciation Immaculata Church Old St. Mary's Church St. Francis De Sales Church Saint Francis Seraph Church St. Francis Xavier Church St. Lawrence Church St. Pius X Church St. Rose Church Dayton Holy Cross Church Sacred Heart Church St. Adalbert Church St. Mary's Church Springfield St. Joseph's Church St. Raphael's Church Other Immaculate Conception Church, Botkins St. Aloysius Church, Carthagena Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary Church, Cassella Immaculate Conception Church, Celina Precious Blood Church, Chickasaw St. Joseph's Church, Egypt Holy Family Church, Frenchtown St. John's Church, Fryburg St. Patrick's Church, Glynwood St. John the Baptist Church, Maria Stein Sacred Heart Church, McCartyville St. Michael's Church, Mechanicsburg St. Augustine's Church, Minster St. Louis Church, North Star St. Nicholas Church, Osgood St. Anthony's Church, Padua St. Remy's Church, Russia St. Henry's Church, St. Henry Holy Rosary Church, St. Marys St. Rose's Church, St. Rose St. Sebastian's Church, Sebastian St. Joseph's Church, Wapakoneta

Former parishes	All Saints Church, Cincinnati Holy Trinity Church, Cincinnati St. Augustine Church, Cincinnati St. George's Church, Cincinnati St. Michael the Archangel Church, Cincinnati St. Paul Church, Cincinnati St. Philomena's Church, Cincinnati St. Patrick's Church, St. Patrick

Shrine	Shrine of the Holy Relics

U.S. National Register of Historic Places

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