United States House of Representatives elections, 1906

November 6, 1906^{[Note 1]}

All 391^{[Note 2]} seats to the United States House of Representatives 196 seats were needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Joseph Cannon	John Sharp Williams
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader's seat	Illinois-18th	Mississippi-8th
Last election	251 seats	135 seats
Seats won	224^[1]^[2]^{[Note 3]}	167^[1]^[2]
Seat change	26	31

Speaker before election

Joseph Cannon
Republican

Elected Speaker

Joseph Cannon
Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1906 were held for members of the 60th Congress, in the middle of President Theodore Roosevelt's second term.

As in many midterm elections, the President's Republican Party lost seats to the opposition Democratic Party, but retained a large overall majority. Dissatisfaction with working conditions and resentment toward union busting among industrial laborers in the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest caused these groups to turn out to the polls in large numbers in support of the Democratic Party. However, gains in these regions were not enough to remove the Republican majority or the firm support that the party held among the middle class.

Election summaries

Five new seats were added for the State of Oklahoma, admitted on November 16, 1907.

↓
223	1	167
Republican	IR	Democratic

State	Type	Total seats	Republican	Democratic
State	Type	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	9	0		9
Arkansas	District	7	0		7
California	District	8	8		0
Colorado	District +at-large	3	3		0
Connecticut	District +at-large	5	5		0
Delaware	At-large	1	1		0
Florida	District	3	0		3
Georgia	District	11	0		11
Idaho	At-large	1	1		0
Illinois	District	25	20	4	5	4
Indiana	District	13	9	2	4	2
Iowa	District	11	10	1	1	1
Kansas	District^{[Note 4]}	8	8		0
Kentucky	District	11	4	2	7	2
Louisiana	District	7	0		7
Maine^{[Note 5]}	District	4	4		0
Maryland	District	6	3		3
Massachusetts	District	14	11		3
Michigan	District	12	12		0
Minnesota	District	9	8	1	1	1
Mississippi	District	8	0		8
Missouri	District	16	4	5	12	5
Montana	At-large	1	1		0
Nebraska	District	6	5	1	1	1
Nevada	At-large	1	0		1
New Hampshire	District	2	2		0
New Jersey	District	10	6	3	4	3
New York	District	37	26^{[Note 3]}		11
North Carolina	District	10	0	1	10	1
North Dakota	District	2	2		0
Ohio	District	21	16	4	5	4
Oklahoma^{[Note 6]}	District	5	1	1	4	4
Oregon^{[Note 5]}	District	2	2		0
Pennsylvania	District	32	25	6	7	6
Rhode Island	District	2	1		1
South Carolina	District	7	0		7
South Dakota	At-large	2	2		0
Tennessee	District	10	2		8
Texas	District	16	0		16
Utah	At-large	1	1		0
Vermont^{[Note 5]}	District	2	2		0
Virginia	District	10	1		9
Washington	At-large	3	3		0
West Virginia	District	5	5		0
Wisconsin	District	11	9	1	2	1
Wyoming	At-large	1	1		0
Total^{[Note 2]}		391	224^{[Note 3]} 57.3%	26	167 42.7%	31

House seats

Republican			57.29%
Democratic			42.71%

[[Image:60 us house membership.png|thumb|left|350px|

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80.1-100% Democratic	80.1-100% Republican
60.1-80% Democratic	60.1-80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

]]

[[Image:60 us house changes.png|thumb|left|350px|

Net gain in party representation
6+ Democratic gain	6+ Republican gain
3-5 Democratic gain	3-5 Republican gain
1-2 Democratic gain	1-2 Republican gain
no net change

]]

Election dates

In 1906, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:

June 4 Oregon
September 4 Vermont
September 10 Maine

Oklahoma was admitted in 1907 and held its first congressional elections on September 17, 1907.

Complete returns

Party abbreviations

California

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1906

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
California 1	James Gillett	Republican	1902	Ran for governor Republican hold	William F. Englebright (R) 54.1% F. W. Taft (D) 39.9% J. C. Weybright (S) 5% R. L. Webb (Pro) 1.1%
California 2	Duncan E. McKinlay	Republican	1904	Re-elected	Duncan E. McKinlay (R) 51.8% W. A. Beard (D) 44.8% A. J. Gaylord (S) 3.4%
California 3	Joseph R. Knowland	Republican	1904	Re-elected	Joseph R. Knowland (R) 60% Hugh W. Brunk (D) 21.5% Charles C. Boynton (IL) 10.1% William McDevitt (S) 7% T. H. Montgomery (Pro) 1.3%
California 4	Julius Kahn	Republican	1898	Re-elected	Julius Kahn (R) 62.4% David S. Hirshberg (D) 33.2% Oliver Everett (S) 4.4%
California 5	Everis A. Hayes	Republican	1904	Re-elected	Everis A. Hayes (R) 52.6% Hiram G. Davis (D) 41.9% Joseph Lawrence (S) 5.5%
California 6	James C. Needham	Republican	1898	Re-elected	James C. Needham (R) 55.6% Harry A. Greene (D) 37.8% Richard Kirk (S) 3.8% Herman E. Burbank (Pro) 2.8%
California 7	James McLachlan	Republican	1900	Re-elected	James McLachlan (R) 56.8% Robert G. Laucks (D) 28.4% Charles Ribble (S) 9.3% Levi D. Johnson (Pro) 5.6%
California 8	Sylvester C. Smith	Republican	1904	Re-elected	Sylvester C. Smith (R) 55.6% Charles A. Barlow (D) 34.5% Noble A. Richardson (S) 9.9%

Florida

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in Florida, 1906

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Florida 1	Stephen M. Sparkman	Democratic	1894	Re-elected	Stephen M. Sparkman (D) 86.5% C. C. Allen (S) 13.5%
Florida 2	Frank Clark	Democratic	1904	Re-elected	Frank Clark (D) 88.2% J. F. McClelland (R) 11.8%
Florida 3	William B. Lamar	Democratic	1902	Re-elected	William B. Lamar (D) 93.4% T. B. Meeker (S) 6.6%

South Carolina

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina, 1906

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1	George Swinton Legaré	Democratic	1902	Re-elected	George Swinton Legaré (D) 99.3% Aaron P. Prioleau (R) 0.7%
South Carolina 2	James O'H. Patterson	Democratic	1904	Re-elected	James O'H. Patterson (D) 95.3% Isaac Myers (R) 4.7%
South Carolina 3	Wyatt Aiken	Democratic	1902	Re-elected	Wyatt Aiken (D) 100%
South Carolina 4	Joseph T. Johnson	Democratic	1900	Re-elected	Joseph T. Johnson (D) 98.7% David C. Gist (R) 0.9% Others 0.4%
South Carolina 5	David E. Finley	Democratic	1898	Re-elected	David E. Finley (D) 100%
South Carolina 6	J. Edwin Ellerbe	Democratic	1904	Re-elected	J. Edwin Ellerbe (D) 100%
South Carolina 7	Asbury F. Lever	Democratic	1901 (special)	Re-elected	Asbury F. Lever (D) 97.6% Aaron D. Dantzler (R) 2.4%

Notes

↑ Three states held early elections between June 4 and September 10.
1 2 Including late elections
1 2 3 Includes 1 Independent Republican, Peter A. Porter, elected to NY-34.
↑ At-large district eliminated in redistricting.
1 2 3 Elections held early.
↑ New state.

References

1 2 "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
1 2 Martis, pp. 160–161.

Bibliography

Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
"Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

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