United States House of Representatives elections, 1914

United States House of Representatives elections, 1914

November 3, 1914[Note 1]

All 435 seats to the United States House of Representatives 218 seats needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Champ Clark James Mann William Stephens Party Democratic Republican Progressive Leader's seat Missouri-9th Illinois-2nd California-10th Last election 291 seats 134 seats 9 seats Seats won 230[1][2] 196[1][2] 6[1][2] Seat change 61 62 3   Fourth party Fifth party   Leader Meyer London Charles H. Randall Party Socialist Prohibition Leader's seat New York-12th California-9th Last election 0 seats 0 seats Seats won 1[1][2] 1[1][2] Seat change 1 1

Speaker before election Champ Clark Democratic Elected Speaker Champ Clark Democratic

Elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1914 were held in the middle of President Woodrow Wilson's first term for members of the 64th Congress.

The opposition Republican Party had recovered from the split they underwent during the 1912 presidential election, and they made large gains in seats from the Democratic Party, though not enough to regain control of the body. The burgeoning economy greatly aided Republicans, who pushed for pro-business principles and took credit for the success that had been reached in the industrial sector. Many former Progressives rejoined the Republican Party, but a number of the most liberal members of the House remained under this banner. In addition, William Kent was reelected to California's 1st congressional district as an Independent, and a Prohibition Party member (Charles H. Randall) and a Socialist Party member (Meyer London) were elected to CA-09 and NY-12, respectively.

Election summaries

↓

230	1	1	6	1	196
Democratic	S	I	P	Pn	Republican

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic	Republican	Progressive	Others
			Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District +at-large	10	10		0		0		0
Arizona	At-large	1	1		0		0		0
Arkansas	District	7	7		0		0		0
California	District	11	3		4	1	2		2[Note 2]	1
Colorado	District[Note 3]	4	3	1	1	1	0		0
Connecticut	District	5	0	5	5	5	0		0
Delaware	At-large	1	0	1	1	1	0		0
Florida	District[Note 3]	4	4		0		0		0
Georgia	District	12	12		0		0		0
Idaho	At-large	2	0		2		0		0
Illinois	District +2 at-large	27	10	10	16	11	1	1	0
Indiana	District	13	11	2	2	2	0		0
Iowa	District	11	1	2	10	2	0		0
Kansas	District	8	6	1	2	1	0		0
Kentucky	District	11	9		2		0		0
Louisiana	District	8	7	1	0		1	1	0
Maine[Note 4]	District	4	1		3		0		0
Maryland	District	6	5	1	1	1	0		0
Massachusetts	District	16	4	3	12	3	0		0
Michigan	District[Note 3]	13	2		11	1	0	1	0
Minnesota	District[Note 3]	10	1		8	1	1	1	0
Mississippi	District	8	8		0		0		0
Missouri	District	16	14		2		0		0
Montana	At-large	2	2		0		0		0
Nebraska	District	6	3		3		0		0
Nevada	At-large	1	0		1		0		0
New Hampshire	District	2	0	2	2	2	0		0
New Jersey	District	12	4	7	8	7	0		0
New Mexico	At-large	1	0	1	1	1	0		0
New York	District	43	19	12	22	11	1		1[Note 5]	1
North Carolina	District	10	9	1	1	1	0		0
North Dakota	District	3	0		3		0		0
Ohio	District[Note 3]	22	9	10	13	10	0		0
Oklahoma	District[Note 3]	8	7	1	1	1	0		0
Oregon	District	3	0		3		0		0
Pennsylvania	District +4 at-large	36	6	6	30	8	0	2	0
Rhode Island	District	3	1	1	2	2	0		0
South Carolina	District	7	7		0		0		0
South Dakota	District	3	1	1	2	1	0		0
Tennessee	District	10	8		2		0		0
Texas	District +2 at-large	18	18		0		0		0
Utah	District[Note 6]	2	1	1	1	1	0		0
Vermont	District	2	0		2		0		0
Virginia	District	10	9		1		0		0
Washington	District[Note 3]	5	1	1	4	1	0	2	0
West Virginia	District +at-large	6	3	1	3	1	0		0
Wisconsin	District	11	3		8		0		0
Wyoming	At-large	1	0		1		0		0
Total		435	230 52.9%	61	196 45.1%	63	6 1.4%	3	3[Note 7] 0.7%	2

House seats
Democratic			52.87%
Republican			45.06%
Progressive			1.38%
Prohibition			0.23%
Socialist			0.23%
Others			0.23%

[[Image:64 us house membership.png|thumb|450px| House seats by party holding plurality in state   80.1-100% Democratic   80.1-100% Republican   60.1-80% Democratic   60.1-80% Republican   Up to 60% Democratic   Up to 60% Republican ]]

[[Image:64 us house changes.png|thumb|450px| Net gain in party representation   6+ Democratic gain     6+ Republican gain   3-5 Democratic gain     3-5 Republican gain   1-2 Democratic gain   1-2 Progressive gain   1-2 Republican gain   no net change ]]

Early election date

Maine held its elections early, on September 14, 1914. There had previously been multiple states with earlier elections, but Maine was the only one remaining by 1914 (after Vermont stopped holding its elections early, after 1912). Maine would continue to hold elections early, in September, until 1958.

Complete results

Party abbreviations

• D: Democratic
• I: Independent
• Prog: Progressive
• Proh: Prohibition
• R: Republican
• S: Socialist

California

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
California 1	William Kent	Independent	1910	Re-elected	William Kent (I) 48.1% Edward H. Hart (R) 38.3% O. F. Meldon (D) 10.8% Henry P. Stripp (Proh) 2.8%
California 2	John E. Raker	Democratic	1910	Re-elected	John E. Raker (D) 64.7% James T. Matlock (R) 31.2% W. P. Fassett (Proh) 4.1%
California 3	Charles F. Curry	Republican gain	1912	Re-elected	Charles F. Curry (R) 85.0% David T. Ross (S) 8.7% Edwin F. Van Vlear (Proh) 6.3%
California 4	Julius Kahn	Republican	1898	Re-elected	Julius Kahn (R) 69.1% Henry Colombat (D) 22.8% Allen K. Gifford (S) 6.6% J. C. Westenberg (Proh) 1.5%
California 5	John I. Nolan	Republican gain	1912	Re-elected	John I. Nolan (R) 83.3% Mads Peter Christensen (S) 11.4% Frederick Head (Proh) 5.3%
California 6	Joseph R. Knowland	Republican	1904	Retired Progressive gain	John A. Elston (Prog) 44.4% George H. Derrick (R) 37.7% Howard H. Caldwell (S) 13.9% Harlow E. Wolcott (Prog) 3.9%
California 7	Denver S. Church	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	Denver S. Church (D) 49.9% A. M. Drew (R) 31.8% Henry M. McKee (S) 9.9% Don A. Allen (Proh) 8.3%
California 8	Everis A. Hayes	Republican	1904	Re-elected	Everis A. Hayes (R) 49.1% Lewis Dan Bohnett (Prog) 45.3% Joseph Merritt Horton (Proh) 5.6%
California 9	Charles W. Bell	Progressive	1912	Lost re-election Prohibition gain	Charles H. Randall (Proh) 30.9% Charles W. Bell (Prog) 30.3% Frank C. Roberts (R) 27.7% Henry A. Hart (S) 11.1%
California 10	William Stephens	Progressive	1910	Re-elected	William Stephens (Prog) 38.4% Henry Z. Osborne (R) 28.9% Nathan Newby (D) 15.5% Ralph L. Criswell (S) 13.0% Henry Clay Needham (Proh) 4.3%
California 11	William Kettner	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	William Kettner (D) 52.7% James Carson Needham (R) 27.9% James S. Edwards (Proh) 12.7% Casper Bauer (S) 6.7%

Florida

An at-large district had been created in 1912 for a newly apportioned seat. The at-large district was eliminated in 1914 and a new district created.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Florida 1	Stephen M. Sparkman	Democratic	1894	Re-elected	Stephen M. Sparkman (D) 99.3% H. B. Jeffers (I) 0.7%
Florida 2	Frank Clark	Democratic	1904	Re-elected	Frank Clark (D) 100%
Florida 3	Emmett Wilson	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	Emmett Wilson (D) 98.8% E. Wentworth (I) 1.2%
Florida 4	Claude L'Engle Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic win	1912	Lost primary Democratic hold	William J. Sears (D) 100%

South Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1	Richard S. Whaley	Democratic	1913 (special)	Re-elected	Richard S. Whaley (D) 98.5% Aaron P. Prioleau (R) 1.0% William Eberhard (S) 0.5%
South Carolina 2	James F. Byrnes	Democratic	1910	Re-elected	James F. Byrnes (D) 100%
South Carolina 3	Wyatt Aiken	Democratic	1902	Re-elected	Wyatt Aiken (D) 100%
South Carolina 4	Joseph T. Johnson	Democratic	1900	Re-elected	Joseph T. Johnson (D) 99.5% J. W. Sexton (R) 0.3% M. I. Ellenberg (S) 0.2%
South Carolina 5	David E. Finley	Democratic	1898	Re-elected	David E. Finley (D) 100%
South Carolina 6	J. Willard Ragsdale	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	J. Willard Ragsdale (D) 100%
South Carolina 7	Asbury F. Lever	Democratic	1901 (special)	Re-elected	Asbury F. Lever (D) 95.1% I. S. Leevy (R) 4.1% George F. Lee (S) 0.8%

See also

• United States elections, 1914
  • United States Senate elections, 1914
• 63rd United States Congress
• 64th United States Congress

Notes

1. Maine held early elections on September 14, 1914.
2. 1 Prohibition Party member elected, and 1 Independent reelected. Previous election saw the Independent elected.
3. At-large seat or seats eliminated in redistricting.
4. Elections held early.
5. Socialist
6. Changed from at-large.
7. 1 Socialist, 1 Prohibition, and 1 Independent.

References

1. "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
2. Martis, pp. 168–169.

Bibliography

• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)