United States House of Representatives elections, 1806

United States House of Representatives elections, 1806

April 29, 1806 - August 4, 1807

All 142 seats to the United States House of Representatives 72 seats were needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party   Leader Joseph Bradley Varnum Charles Goldsborough Party Democratic-Republican Federalist Leader's seat Massachusetts-4th Maryland-8th Last election 114 seats 28 seats Seats won 116 26 Seat change 2 2

Speaker before election Nathaniel Macon Democratic-Republican Elected Speaker Joseph Bradley Varnum Democratic-Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 10th Congress were held at various dates in each state between April 29, 1806 (in New York) and August 4, 1807 (in Tennessee) with the Congress meeting for the first time on October 26, 1807.

The Democratic-Republicans continued to build on their huge supermajority. They were actually able to take over two more seats than they had in the previous Congress, which they controlled by a margin of better than three to one. Commitment to agrarian policy allowed the Democratic-Republicans to dominate rural districts, which represented the bulk of the nation. On the other hand, supporters of the Federalists, even in their traditional base of support in the urban centers of coastal New England, continued to lament the ineffectiveness of their party and its lack of electoral appeal.

Election summaries

↓

116	26
Democratic-Republican	Federalist

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic- Republican	Federalist
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Connecticut	At-large	September 15, 1806	7	0		7
Delaware	At-large	October 7, 1806	1	0		1
Georgia	At-large	October 6, 1806	4	4		0
Kentucky	District (6)	August 4, 1806	6	6		0
Maryland	District (8[Note 1])	October 6, 1806	9	6	1	3	1
Massachusetts	District (17)	November 3, 1806	17	11	1	6	1
New Hampshire	At-large	August 25, 1806	5	5	5	0	5
New Jersey	At-large	October 14–15, 1806	6	6		0
New York	District (16[Note 1])	April 29-May 1, 1806	17	15		2
North Carolina	District (12)	August 15, 1806	12	11	1	1	1
Ohio	At-large	October 14, 1806	1	1		0
Pennsylvania	District (11[Note 2])	October 14, 1806	18	15	2	3	2
Rhode Island	At-large	August 26, 1806[Note 3]	2	2		0
South Carolina	District (8)	October 13–14, 1806	8	8		0
Vermont	District (4)	September 2, 1806	4	2		2
1807 elections
Tennessee	District (3)	August 3–4, 1807	3	3		0
Virginia	District (22)	April, 1807	22	21		1
Total			142	116 81.7%	2	26 18.3%	2

House seats
D-R			81.69%
Federalist			18.31%

Late elections to the 9th Congress

Non-voting delegates

District	Incumbent	First elected	Candidates
Orleans Territory at-large[Note 4]	None (District created)		Daniel Clarke[Note 5]

Complete returns

Connecticut

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket	Benjamin Tallmadge	Federalist	1801 (special)	Re-elected	Benjamin Tallmadge[Note 5] (F) Jonathan O. Moseley (F) Epaphroditus Champion (F) Timothy Pitkin Lewis B. Sturges (F) John Davenport (F) Samuel W. Dana (F) Sylvanus Backus (F) Asa Bacon (F) John Caldwell (F) Sylvester Gilbert (F) Uriel Holmes (F) Ebenezer Huntington (F) Lyman Law (F) Samuel B. Sherwood (F) John Cotton Smith (F) Nathaniel Terry (F) Noah Webster (F)
	Jonathan O. Moseley	Federalist	1804	Re-elected
	Previous incumbent John Cotton Smith (F) resigned August, 1806			Federalist hold
	Timothy Pitkin	Federalist	1805 (special)	Re-elected
	Lewis B. Sturges	Federalist	1805 (special)	Re-elected
	John Davenport	Federalist	1798	Re-elected
	Samuel W. Dana	Federalist	1798	Re-elected

Delaware

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Delaware at-large	James M. Broom	Federalist	1805 (special)	Re-elected	James M. Broom (F) 60.5% Thomas Fitzgerald (DR) 21.3% Joseph Haslet (DR) 9.8% Thomas Montgomery (DR) 8.3%

Broom resigned before the 10th Congress started and a special election was held to choose his replacement, which elected Nicholas Van Dyke (F).

Georgia

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Georgia at-large 4 seats on a general ticket	Peter Early	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Dennis Smelt (DR) 18.4% George M. Troup (DR) 16.7% William W. Bibb[Note 6] (DR) 15.3% Howell Cobb (DR) 12.8% Elijah Clarke 12.5% William Barnett (DR) 7.2% Thomas Carr 6.2% James Simms 6.2% Thomas Spalding (DR) 3.1% Obediah Jones 1.0% Buckner Harris 0.6%
	David Meriwether	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
	Dennis Smelt	Democratic-Republican	1806 (special)	Re-elected
	Thomas Spalding	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold

Kentucky

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Kentucky 1	Matthew Lyon	Democratic-Republican	1796[Note 7] 1803	Re-elected	Matthew Lyon (DR) 57.9% David Walker (DR) 42.1%
Kentucky 2	John Boyle	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John Boyle[Note 5] (DR)
Kentucky 3	Matthew Walton	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	John Rowan (DR) 55.8% Stephen Ormsby (DR) 44.2%
Kentucky 4	Thomas Sandford	Democratic-Republican	1803	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	Richard M. Johnson (DR) 42.5% Thomas Sandford (DR) 30.2% James Moore 27.3%
Kentucky 5	John Fowler	Democratic-Republican	1796	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Benjamin Howard (DR) 100%
Kentucky 6	George M. Bedinger	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Joseph Desha[Note 5] (DR)

Maryland

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
Maryland 1	John Campbell	Federalist	1801	Re-elected	John Campbell (F) 99.9%
Maryland 2	Leonard Covington	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	Archibald Van Horne (DR) 58.4% Leonard Covington (DR) 41.5%
Maryland 3	Patrick Magruder	Democratic-Republican	1801	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Philip B. Key (F) 53.3% Patrick Magruder (DR) 46.7%
Maryland 4	Roger Nelson	Democratic-Republican	1804 (special)	Re-elected	Roger Nelson (DR) 96.4% Nathaniel Rochester (Quid) 3.0%
Maryland 5 Plural district with 2 seats	Nicholas R. Moore	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Nicholas R. Moore (DR) 44.5% William McCreery (DR) 25.7% Joshua Barney (Quid) 14.9% John Scott (F) 14.9%
	William McCreery	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected
Maryland 6	John Archer	Democratic-Republican	1801	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	John Montgomery (DR) 50.2% John Archer (Quid) 48.7% Samuel Sutton 1.0%
Maryland 7	Previous incumbent Joseph H. Nicholson (DR) resigned March 1, 1806			Democratic-Republican hold	Edward Lloyd[Note 6] (DR) 81.1% James Brown (Quid) 18.8%
Maryland 8	Charles Goldsborough	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	Charles Goldsborough (F) 68.8% Philip Quinton (Quid) 31.1%

Massachusetts

District		Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
Massachusetts 1 Known as the Suffolk district		Josiah Quincy	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	Josiah Quincy (F) 57.7% James Prince (DR) 42.2%
Massachusetts 2 Known as the Essex South district		Jacob Crowninshield	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Jacob Crowninshield (DR) 54.8% Samuel Putnam (F) 45.0%
Massachusetts 3 Known as the Essex North district		Jeremiah Nelson	Federalist	1804	Retired Federalist hold	Edward St. Loe Livermore (F) 67.6% Thomas Kitteridge (DR) 32.4%
Massachusetts 4 Known as the Middlesex district		Joseph Bradley Varnum	Democratic-Republican	1794	Re-elected	Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) 74.0% Ebenezer Bridgely (F) 25.1%
Massachusetts 5 Known as the Hampshire South district		William Ely	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	William Ely (F) 57.1% Samuel Fowler (DR) 38.5% William Eaton (F) 4.4%
Massachusetts 6 Known as the Hampshire North district		Samuel Taggart	Federalist	1803	Re-elected	Samuel Taggart (F) 64.4% Solomon Snead (DR) 35.6%
Massachusetts 7 Known as the Plymouth district		Joseph Barker	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Joseph Barker (DR) 60.8% Nahum Mitchell (F) 38.4%
Massachusetts 8 Known as the Barnstable district		Isaiah L. Green	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Isaiah L. Green (DR) 63.4% Wendall Davis (F) 34.6% Others 2.0%
Massachusetts 9 Known as the Bristol district		Phanuel Bishop	Democratic-Republican	1798	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Josiah Dean (DR) 55.1% Nicholas Tillinghast (F) 43.1% Nathaniel Morton 1.6%
Massachusetts 10 Known as the Worcester South district		Seth Hastings	Federalist	1801 (special)	Retired Federalist hold	Jabez Upham (F) 53.9% Edward Bangs (DR) 45.4%
Massachusetts 11 Known as the Worcester North district		William Stedman	Federalist	1803	Re-elected	William Stedman (F) 63.6% John Whiting (DR) 36.0%
Massachusetts 12 Known as the Berkshire district		Barnabas Bidwell	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Barnabas Bidwell (DR) 59.9% Daniel Dewey (F) 40.1%
Massachusetts 13 Known as the Norfolk district		Ebenezer Seaver	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Ebenezer Seaver (DR) 65.3% Edward H. Robbins (F) 34.7%
District of Maine	Massachusetts 14 Known as the York district	Richard Cutts	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	Richard Cutts (DR) 55.9% Joseph Leland (F) 25.8% Joseph Bartlett (DR) 18.4%
	Massachusetts 15 Known as the Cumberland district	Peleg Wadsworth	Federalist	1792	Retired Democratic-Republican gain	Daniel Ilsley (DR) 52.5% Ezekiel Whitman (F) 47.5%
	Massachusetts 16 Known as the Lincoln district	Orchard Cook	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Orchard Cook (DR) 55.9% Mark L. Hill (F) 44.1%
	Massachusetts 17 Known as the Kennebec district	John Chandler	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	John Chandler (DR) 76.5% John Crosby 20.6% Benjamin Whitwell (F) 2.9%

There were two vacancies during the 10th Congress in Massachusetts' representation. The first occurred in the 12th district when Barnabas Bidwell (DR) resigned on July 13 (before the first session had begun) to accept the position of Massachusetts Attorney General. This vacancy was filled by Ezekiel Bacon (DR). The second vacancy occurred in the 2nd district when Jacob Crowninshield (DR) died April 15, 1808. This vacancy was filled by Joseph Story (DR).

New Hampshire

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
New Hampshire at-large 5 seats on a general ticket	Silas Betton	Federalist	1802	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain	Jedediah K. Smith (DR) 12.2% Clement Storer (DR) 12.1% Peter Carleton (DR) 12.1% Francis Gardner (DR) 12.0% Daniel M. Durell (DR) 10.9% Samuel Tenney (F) 7.8% Caleb Ellis (F) 7.7% David Hough (F) 7.6% Thomas W. Thompson (F) 6.0% Silas Betton (F) 6.0% John Wheeler (F) 2.0% Timothy Farrar (F) 1.7% Others 2.0%
	Thomas W. Thompson	Federalist	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain
	Samuel Tenney	Federalist	1800	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain
	David Hough	Federalist	1802	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain
	Caleb Ellis	Federalist	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain

New Jersey

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket	Ezra Darby	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	William Helms[Note 9] (DR) 14.9% Thomas Newbold (DR) 12.4% Henry Southard (DR) 12.4% Ezra Darby (DR) 11.9% John Lambert (DR) 11.8% James Sloan (DR) 11.2% Aaron Ogden (F) 5.9% Ebenezer Elmer (DR) 5.8% John Beatty (F) 5.3% George C. Maxwell (DR) 3.8% Adam Boyd[Note 10] (DR) 3.4%
	Ebenezer Elmer	Democratic-Republican	1800	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold
	William Helms	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	John Lambert	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected
	Henry Southard	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	James Sloan	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected

The Federalists ran a mixed ticket consisting of 2 Federalists (Aaron Ogden and John Beatty) and 4 Democratic-Republicans (William Helms, Ebenezer Elmer, George Maxwell, and Adam Boyd), one of whom (William Helms) was also on the Democratic-Republican ticket. The Federalists capitalized on resentment over the replacement on the official Democratic-Republican ticket of Ebenezer Elmer, from South Jersey, with Thomas Newbold from Monmouth County and the retention of James Sloan. This ticket was formed too late to gain sufficient support, but the Federalists did do much better in state elections that year than they had in previous elections.^[1]

On January 27, 1808, Ezra Darby (DR) died and was replaced in a special election by Adam Boyd (DR)

New York

New York elected representatives to the 10th Congress on April 29-May 1, 1806. This was the second, and last, election in which Districts 2 and 3 were elected on a joint ticket. New York redistricted in the next election.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
New York 1	Eliphalet Wickes	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Samuel Riker (DR) 100%
New York 2/3 joint ticket	Gurdon S. Mumford	Democratic-Republican	1804 (special)	Re-elected	Gurdon S. Mumford (DR) 27.8% George Clinton, Jr. (DR) 26.5% John B. Coles (F) 22.3% Nicholas Fish (F) 22.3% John R. Livingston (DR) 1.0%
	George Clinton, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1805 (special)	Re-elected
New York 4	Philip Van Courtlandt	Democratic-Republican	1793	Re-elected	Philip Van Courtlandt (DR) 46.5% Peter A. Jay (F) 41.0 % Peter Taulman (DR) 6.5% Samuel S. Smith (DR) 6.1%
New York 5	John Blake, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	John Blake, Jr. (DR) 62.9% Reuben Hopkins (F) 37.1%
New York 6	Daniel C. Verplanck	Democratic-Republican	1803 (special)	Re-elected	Daniel C. Verplanck (DR) 100%
New York 7	Martin G. Schuneman	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Federalist gain	Barent Gardenier (F) 47.8% William A. Thompson (DR) 34.7% Johannes Bruyn (DR) 17.5%
New York 8	Henry W. Livingston	Federalist	1802	Retired Democratic-Republican gain	James I. Van Alen (DR) 50.1% Robert Le Roy Livingston (F) 49.9%
New York 9	Killian Van Rensselaer	Federalist	1800	Re-elected	Killian Van Rensselaer (F) 46.6% Benjamin DeWitt (DR) 32.7% Henry Glen (DR) 20.6%
New York 10	Josiah Masters	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Josiah Masters (DR) 100%
New York 11	Peter Sailly	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	John Thompson (DR) 57.8% Asahel Porter (F) 39.6% Peter Sailly (DR) 2.6%
New York 12	David Thomas	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	David Thomas (DR) 100%
New York 13	Thomas Sammons	Democratic-Republican	1802	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Peter Swart (DR) 69.4% Isaac H. Tiffany (F) 30.6%
New York 14	John Russell	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	John Russell (DR) 67.3% Solomon Martin (F) 33.7%
New York 15	Nathan Williams	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	William Kirkpatrick (DR) 55.3% John Nicholson (DR)44.7%
New York 16	Uri Tracy	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	Reuben Humphrey (DR) 86.1% Thaddeus M. Wood (F) 8.1% John Cantine (DR) 3.1% Uri Tracy (DR) 2.6%
New York 17	Silas Halsey	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	John Harris (DR) 35.1% Daniel W. Lewis (F) 33.6% Silas Halsey (DR) James Faulkner (DR) 1.8%

David Thomas (DR) of the 12th district resigned upon being named New York State Treasurer on February 5, 1808. A special election was held to replace him on April 26–28, 1808 which elected Nathan Wilson (DR).

North Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
North Carolina 1	Thomas Wynns	Democratic-Republican	1802 (special)	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Lemuel Sawyer (DR) 64.0% William H. Murfree (DR) 36.0%
North Carolina 2	Willis Alston	Democratic-Republican	1798	Re-elected	Willis Alston (DR) 100%
North Carolina 3	Thomas Blount	Democratic-Republican	1793 1804	Re-elected	Thomas Blount (DR) 50.1%[Note 11] William Kennedy (DR) 49.9%
North Carolina 4	William Blackledge	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	William Blackledge[Note 5] (DR)
North Carolina 5	Thomas Kenan	Democratic-Republican	1805 (special)	Re-elected	Thomas Kenan[Note 5] (DR) Benjamin Smith (DR) Samuel Jacelyn Alexander D. Moore
North Carolina 6	Nathaniel Macon	Democratic-Republican	1791	Re-elected	Nathaniel Macon (DR) 99.8%
North Carolina 7	Duncan McFarlan	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Federalist gain	John Culpepper (F) 48.1% Duncan McFarlan (DR) 47.2% John Hay (F) 3.7% James Sanders (DR) 1.0%
North Carolina 8	Richard Stanford	Democratic-Republican	1796	Re-elected	Richard Stanford (DR) 94.3% Calvin Jones 2.6%
North Carolina 9	Marmaduke Williams	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Marmaduke Williams (DR) 57.9% Theophilus Lacy (DR) 42.1%
North Carolina 10	Evan S. Alexander	Democratic-Republican	1806 (special)	Re-elected	Evan S. Alexander[Note 5] Matthew Brandon
North Carolina 11	James Holland	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	James Holland (DR) 96.1% Joseph Graham 3.7%
North Carolina 12	Joseph Winston	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Meshack Franklin (DR) 63.1% William Lenoir (DR) 32.5% Peter Eaton (DR) 4.4%

In the 7th district, Culpepper's election was contested by McFarlan. The House Committee on Elections declared the seat vacant on January 2, 1808, due to electoral irregularities and a special election was subsequently held, which Culpepper won.

Ohio

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
Ohio at-large	Jeremiah Morrow	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Jeremiah Morrow (DR) 73.9% James Pritchard (DR/F) 26.0%

Both candidates were Democratic-Republicans, but from election articles published in The Scioto Gazette it was suggested that James Pritchard was the candidate of the Ohio Quids and that in a few counties, notably Columbiana and Jefferson, he was also supported by the Federalists.

Pennsylvania

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[2]
Pennsylvania 1 Plural district with 3 seats	Joseph Clay	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected	John Porter (DR) 21.1%[Note 6] Jacob Richards (DR) 20.7% Joseph Clay (DR) 20.4% William Graham (F) 18.3% Joseph Hemphill (F) 12.7% John Sergeant (Quid) 6.8%
	Jacob Richards	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected
	Previous incumbent Michael Leib (DR) resigned on February 14, 1806			Democratic-Republican hold
Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 3 seats	Robert Brown	Democratic-Republican	1798 (Special)	Re-elected	Robert Brown (DR) 18.0% William Milnor (Quid/F) 16.8% John Pugh (DR) 16.6% John Hahn (DR) 16.5% Frederick Conrad (Quid) 16.2% William Latimore (Quid) 16.0%
	Frederick Conrad	Democratic-Republican	1802	Lost re-election Federalist gain
	John Pugh	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 3 Plural district with 3 seats	Isaac Anderson	Democratic-Republican	1802	Retired Federalist gain	John Hiester (Quid/DR) 18.3% Matthias Richards (Quid/DR) 18.1% Robert Jenkins (Quid/F) 17.7% John Whitehill (DR) 15.5% Roger Davis (DR) 15.2% William Witman (DR) 15.1%
	Christian Lower	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
	John Whitehill	Democratic-Republican	1802	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold
Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats	Robert Whitehill	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Re-elected	Robert Whitehill (DR) 47.7% David Bard 42.7% Evers Doty (DR) 7.8% Oliver Pollock (?) 1.8%
	David Bard	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 5	Andrew Gregg	Democratic-Republican	1791	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	Daniel Montgomery, Jr. (DR) 57.7% Andrew Gregg 42.3% (Quid)
Pennsylvania 6	James Kelly	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	James Kelly (Quid/F) 100%
Pennsylvania 7	John Rea	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected	John Rea (DR) 52.7% Andrew Dunlap (F) 29.7% Henry Woods (Quid) 17.6%
Pennsylvania 8	William Findley	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected	William Findley (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 9	John Smilie	Democratic-Republican	1792 1798	Re-elected	John Smilie (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 10	John Hamilton	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	William Hoge (DR) 62.0% John Hamilton (Quid) 38.0%
Pennsylvania 11	Samuel Smith	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Re-elected	Samuel Smith (DR) 55.9% John Wilkins (Quid) 44.1%

Joseph Clay (DR) of the 1st district resigned March 18, 1808 and was replaced in a special election by Benjamin Say (DR).

Rhode Island

Rhode Island's electoral laws at the time required a candidate to receive votes from a majority of voters to win. In the 1806 election, only one candidate won a majority on the first ballot, and so a run-off election was required to choose the second seat.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
					First ballot	Second ballot
Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket	Nehemiah Knight	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected	Nehemiah Knight (DR) 26.9% Isaac Wilbour (DR) 24.4% William Hunter (F) 22.2% Thomas Arnold (F) 21.8% Thomas B. Hazard (Quid) 4.7%	Isaac Wilbour (DR) 58.2% William Hunter (F) 41.3%
	Joseph Stanton, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1800	Retired Democratic-Republican hold

On June 13, 1808, Nehemiah Knight (DR) died. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy which elected Richard Jackson, Jr. (F).

South Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1 Also known as Charleston district	Robert Marion	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Robert Marion (DR) 55.6% William L. Smith (F) 43.6%
South Carolina 2 Also known as Beaufort and Edgefield district	William Butler, Sr.	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	William Butler, Sr. (73.6%) Richard B. Screven (F) 26.2%
South Carolina 3 Also known as Georgetown district	David R. Williams	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	David R. Williams (DR) 97.9%
South Carolina 4 Also known as Orangeburgh district	O'Brien Smith	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	John Taylor (DR) 55.3% Henry Dana Ward (F) 30.0% Miles B. Pinkney (DR) 14.3%
South Carolina 5 Also known as Sumter district	Richard Winn	Democratic-Republican	1802 (special)	Re-elected	Richard Winn (DR) 73.0% Anthony Butler (F) 27.0%
South Carolina 6 Also known as Abbeville district	Levi Casey	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Levi Casey (DR) 50.1% John A. Elmer (F) 25.2% Joseph Calhoun[Note 10] (DR) 24.7%
South Carolina 7 Also known as Chester district	Thomas Moore	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	Thomas Moore (DR) 100%
South Carolina 8 Also known as Pendleton district	John B. Earle	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Lemuel J. Alston (DR) 39.7% William Hunter (DR) 30.3% Elias Earle (DR) 30.0%

In the 6th district, Levi Casey (DR) died February 3, 1807, before the 10th Congress began, a special election was held to elect a replacement which replaced him with Joseph Calhoun (DR)

Tennessee

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Tennessee 1 Known as the Washington district	John Rhea	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John Rhea (DR) 100%
Tennessee 2 Known as the Hamilton district	George W. Campbell	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	George W. Campbell (DR) 69.3% Pleasant M. Miller (DR) 30.7%
Tennessee 3 Known as the Mero district	William Dickson	Democratic-Republican	1801	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Jesse Wharton (DR) 62.5% James Lyon 31.2% Spencer Clack 3.5% Moses Fisk 2.8%

Vermont

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 8]
Vermont 1 Known as the Southwestern district	Gideon Olin	Democratic-Republican	1802	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	James Witherell (DR) 54.1% Jonas Galusha (F) 29.4% Others 16.5%
Vermont 2 Known as the Southeastern district	James Elliot	Federalist	1802	Re-elected	James Elliot (F) 57.9% William Hunter (DR) 32.2% Others 9.9%
Vermont 3 Known as the Northeastern district	James Fisk	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	James Fisk (DR) 61.0% William Chamberlain (F) 37.1% Others 1.9%
Vermont 4 Known as the Northwestern district	Martin Chittenden	Federalist	1802	Re-elected	Martin Chittenden (F) 52.6% Ezra Butler (DR) 43.3% Others 4.2%

On May 1, 1808, James Witherell (DR) of the 1st district resigned to accept a position as a judge of the Supreme Court of Michigan Territory. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy electing Samuel Shaw (DR)

Virginia

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Virginia 1	John G. Jackson	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John G. Jackson (DR) 58.9% Noah Linsley (F) 41.1%
Virginia 2	John Morrow	Democratic-Republican	1805	Re-elected	John Morrow (DR) 100%
Virginia 3	John Smith	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Smith[Note 5] (DR) James Singleton
Virginia 4	David Holmes	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	David Holmes (DR) 100%
Virginia 5	Alexander Wilson	Democratic-Republican	1804 (special)	Re-elected	Alexander Wilson (DR) 57.0% Oliver Towles (DR) 23.4% Robert Bailey (Quid) 19.3%
Virginia 6	Abram Trigg	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	Abram Trigg[Note 5] (DR) Daniel Sheffey (Quid)
Virginia 7	Joseph Lewis, Jr.	Federalist	1803	Re-elected	Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F) 55.2% John Littlejohn (DR) 44.8%
Virginia 8	Walter Jones	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Walter Jones (DR) 86.7% Richard Barnes (F) 13.3%
Virginia 9	Philip R. Thompson	Democratic-Republican	1793	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	John Love (DR) 60.5% Philip R. Thompson (DR) 39.5%
Virginia 10	John Dawson	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	John Dawson (DR) 60.0% John Mercer (DR) 40.0%
Virginia 11	James M. Garnett	Democratic-Republican	1805	Re-elected	James M. Garnett (DR) 63.2% Larkin Smith (DR) 36.8%
Virginia 12	Burwell Bassett	Democratic-Republican	1805	Re-elected	Burwell Bassett (DR) 100%
Virginia 13	William A. Burwell	Democratic-Republican	1806 (special)	Re-elected	William A. Burwell (DR) 100%
Virginia 14	Matthew Clay	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	Matthew Clay (DR) 99.5%
Virginia 15	John Randolph	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	John Randolph (DR) 100%
Virginia 16	John W. Eppes	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John W. Eppes (DR) 100%
Virginia 17	John Claiborne	Democratic-Republican	1805	Re-elected	John Claiborne (DR) 100%
Virginia 18	Peterson Goodwyn	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Peterson Goodwyn (DR) 100%
Virginia 19	Edwin Gray	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	Edwin Gray (DR) 100%
Virginia 20	Thomas Newton, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	Thomas Newton, Jr. (DR) 100%
Virginia 21	Thomas M. Randolph	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) 100%
Virginia 22	John Clopton	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Clopton (DR) 52.4% Peyton Randolph (Quid) 47.8%

Note: On many of these elections, the source did not have detailed information. Several individuals reported here as being elected by 100% may have had a few votes against them, but all had no formal opposition.

John Claiborne (DR) of the 17th district died on October 8, 1808. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy, which elected Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR).

Non-voting delegates

As in the previous congress, there were three territories with non-voting delegates in the 10th Congress. In Indiana Territory, the legislature elected the delegate. The source used did not have information about Mississippi or Orleans Territory. Mississippi used popular election in 1808, while Orleans Territory elected its delegate by the legislature in 1808, suggesting Orleans probably used legislative election this year, too.

District	Incumbent	First elected	Result	Candidates
Indiana Territory at-large	Benjamin Parke	1805	Re-elected	Benjamin Parke 8 John Rice Jones 1 Waller Taylor 1 Shadrach Bond 1
Mississippi Territory at-large	William Lattimore	1802		George Poindexter[Note 5]
Orleans Territory at-large	Daniel Clark	1806	Re-elected	Daniel Clark[Note 5]

Parks resigned to accept a position on Governor's staff, replaced by Jesse B. Thomas.

See also

• United States elections, 1806
  • List of United States House of Representatives elections, 1789–1822
  • United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807
• 10th United States Congress

Notes

1. Includes 1 plural district
2. Includes 4 plural districts
3. Majority required for election which was not met for one seat requiring a runoff election
4. Election held in 1806 near the end of the 9th Congress
5. Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data
6. Also won special election to fill vacancy in 9th Congress
7. In Vermont
8. Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed
9. Also member of the official Federalist ticket
10. Won subsequent special election
11. Victory by a 6-vote margin, 2,056-2,050

References

1. A New Nation Votes, New Jersey 1806
2. Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project

Bibliography

• "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)