9M133 Kornet

"Kornet" redirects here. For the Internet service, see KT (telecommunication company).
9M133 Kornet

9M133 missile with launcher
Type Anti-tank missile
Place of origin Russia
Service history
In service 1998–present
Used by See Operators
Wars See Combat history
Production history
Designer KBP Instrument Design Bureau
Designed 1988-1998
Manufacturer Degtyarev plant
Produced 1994–present
Number built 35 000 (2009)
Variants See Variants
Specifications (9M133)
Weight 27 kg (29 kg with launch tube)
Length 1200 mm
Diameter 152 mm
Warhead 1000-1200 (9K135), 1200 (E), 1300 (D) mm RHA[1] penetration after ERA with Tandem HEAT, Thermobaric
Warhead weight 7 kg HEAT, 10 kg TNT equivalent Thermobaric
Detonation
mechanism
 Impact fuze
Wingspan 460 mm
Propellant Solid-fuel rocket
Operational
range
  • Kornet
    100-5,500m
  • Kornet-EM[2][Note 1]
    8,000 m (anti-tank),
    10,000 m (thermobaric)
Guidance
system
 SACLOS laser beam riding
Steering
system
 Two control surfaces
Accuracy <5 m
Launch
platform
 Individual, vehicle

The Kornet (Russian: "Корнет"; English: Cornet) is a Russian anti-tank guided missile (ATGM). It is intended for use against main battle tanks, but is not intended to fully replace previous systems, due to its high cost.[3] The missile carries the GRAU designation 9M133 and the NATO reporting name AT-14 Spriggan.[4] It was first introduced into service with the Russian Army in 1998.[5] Its export designation is the Kornet-E.[3]

Development

The Kornet anti-tank missile was unveiled in October 1994 by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau.[4] The missile started development in 1988 as a modular, universal system able to engage any target from a mix of platforms using a reliable laser beam guidance system that was simple to use. It is a heavy ATGM, superior to the earlier 9K111 Fagot (NATO: AT-4 Spigot) and 9K113 Konkurs (NATO: AT-5 Spandrel) wire-guided ATGMs, but not to replace them (due to the cost).[6] The missile entered service in the Russian army in 1998.[5] Its export designation is the Kornet-E.[3]

Description

The Kornet Anti Tank Missile system is an advanced ATGM with spiral trajectory.[7]

The 9M133 missile together with its 9P163-1 tripod launcher and 1PN79-1 thermal sight forms the 9K135 missile system,[8] the 9K135 can be carried and operated by a two-person infantry crew. The transfer to the firing position takes less than one minute. The preparation and production of a shot - in at least one second.[9] In addition to an infantry portable version, the 9K133 system has been integrated into a variety of other vehicles and weapons systems as either an upgrade package or a new weapon system. The 9K133 has been fitted into a BMP-3 to form the 9P163M-1 tank destroyer and is similar in function to the Khrizantema missile system. The 9P163M-1 carries two 9M133 missiles on launch rails, which are extended from a stowed position during transit. Missile are re-loaded automatically by the tank destroyer from an internal magazine with 16 rounds (missiles are stored and transported in sealed canisters).[10] NBC protection is provided for the two crew (gunner and driver) of each 9P163M-1 in addition to full armour protection equivalent to the standard BMP-3 chassis. The guidance system of the 9P163M-1 allows two missiles to be fired at once, the missiles operating on different guidance (laser) channels.

The KBP Instrument Design Bureau has also marketed the 9M133 missile as part of the Kvartet system for mounting on vehicles and boats, the system has four missiles on ready to launch rails along with associated guidance and sighting system all packaged in a single turret. The turret has space for an additional five rounds and is operated by a single individual, the guidance system also allows two missiles to be fired at once.[11] Another upgrade possibility is the Kliver missile and gun turret, seen as an upgrade option for the BTR series of APC, BMP-1 IFV and patrol boats. It has similar capabilities as the Kvartet turret, but also carries a 30 mm 2A72 cannon; the turret weight is 1,500 kg.[12] Finally the 9M133 is also available in the BEREZHOK turret upgrade also made available by KBP.[13] Since 2014 its serial production has been resumed for the domestic market with the designation B05YA01.[14][15]

The Kornet-EM variant uses technical vision with an automatic target tracker to make it a "fire and forget" missile, giving it a 5-times increase in accuracy of target tracking at any range. The fire and forget capability gives a vehicle with more than one launcher the ability to salvo launch against two different targets at once, increasing its rate of fire and decreasing the number of vehicles needed for a mission, as well as salvo fire of two missiles against one target to defeat vehicles equipped with an active protection system.[16]

Combat history

During the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Kornets were used by some groups of Iraqi special forces to attack American armoured vehicles, "disabling at least two Abrams tanks and one Bradley armored troop carrier in the opening week of the war".[17][18]

The second verified episode of the Kornet ATGM in combat use occurred during the 2006 Lebanon War, where the missiles, reportedly supplied by Syria, were successfully used by Hezbollah fighters to destroy up to four Israeli Merkava tanks,[19] armor was pierced in total from 24[20] tanks.[21] One of the first detailed accounts of IDF's successful capture of Kornet ATGMs on Hezbollah positions in the village of Ghandouriyeh appeared in the Daily Telegraph article, which also reported that the boxes were marked with "Customer: Ministry of Defense of Syria. Supplier: KBP, Tula, Russia".[22] Several months after the cease-fire, reports have provided sufficient photographic evidence that Kornet ATGMs were indeed both in possession of, and used by, Hezbollah in this area.[23][24][25]

Israel claims that Russian weapons were smuggled to Hezbollah by Syria, and Israel has sent a team of officials to Moscow to show Russia the evidence of what they say can only be Syrian weapons transfers.[26] Despite initial public denials by the Russian officials that any proof of actual use of Kornet by Hezbollah has been presented,[27][28] the Russian government in fact has moved to tighten control over the use of Russian-made weapons by the importing states, suggesting that the visit of the Israeli delegation did bear fruit, although it might have nothing to do with Kornet.[29] On 6 December 2010, a Kornet launched from the Gaza strip penetrated the outer armour of a Merkava Mark III tank on the Israeli side of the border, but it caused no injuries.[30]

During the fighting between Israel and Hamas in Gaza in the summer of 2014, of the 15 anti-tank missiles which launched on Israeli tanks that were intercepted by the Israeli active protection system "Trophy", most were of the Kornet type. In some cases the Kornet launchers were destroyed after the "Trophy" system had detected the launch and directed the tank's main gun to the launcher position.[31]

In the summer of 2014 the armour of Iraqi Army M1A1 Abrams tanks was penetrated 5 times. Kornet missiles were responsible for at least some of these penetrations.[32] In September 2014, the Iraqi Army used Kornet missiles against Islamic State militants for the first time. Iraqi security forces claimed five IS-operated vehicles along with fighters were destroyed in Diyala Province. Three Iraqi Army squadrons have been trained to use the Kornet anti-tank missile.[33]

In the January 2015 Shebaa farms incident, Hezbollah fired some Kornet anti-tank missiles against two Israeli Humvees. A soldier and an officer were killed. In 2015 Iran succeeded in reverse-engineering the Kornet. Iran arms Hezbollah and there is speculation Iranian Kornets were used against Israel in a border attack on the 29th Jan 2015.[34]

Reuters have found remains of used Kornet missiles in Ukraine in the context of the 2014–15 Russian military intervention in Ukraine. Since Ukraine is not a known operator of Kornet, Reuters quoted the International Institute for Strategic Studies that the missiles were most likely sent into Ukraine by Russia.[35][36][37]

Russia has sent over 1,000 Kornet-9M133 third-generation anti-tank guided missiles to the Syrian Government who have used them extensively against armour and ground targets to fight Jihadists and rebels.[38][39][40] In 2016, a Syrian Army Solntsepyok TOS-1 was destroyed by a Kornet missile from unknown Syrian opposition forces.[41]

In October 2016, the ISIS-linked Amaq news agency released a video that depicts a destruction of the US-made Abrams M1 main battle tank near Mosul, Iraq. The battle tank was reportedly blown up with the Kornet ATGM. The event took place at the Qarayyah crossroa, south of Mosul. [42]


In attacks against civilians

On 7 April 2011 Hamas claimed responsibility for a missile strike on an Israeli yellow school bus which killed a 16-year-old boy, Daniel Viflic,[43][44] and wounded another civilian (all the other children who were on the bus got out few minutes earlier). According to Israeli military spokesman, the bus was hit by a Kornet missile.[45]

Variants

Operators

Map with 9M133 operators in blue

Current operators

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Kornet-EM missiles are compatible with the Kornet launchers.

References

  1. ↑ http://www.kbptula.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=28%3Akornet-e&catid=1%3A2011-01-14-06-08-02&Itemid=394&lang=en
  2. ↑ "ЦАМТО / Новости / На авиасалоне МАКС-2011 КБП впервые представит ПТРК "Корнет-ЭМ"". 20 July 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 "KORNET-E ANTITANK MISSILE SYSTEM". KBP Instrument Design Bureau. 2008. Archived from the original on 1 November 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
  4. 1 2 "Kornet (AT-14)". Federation of American Scientists. 1999-06-19. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
  5. 1 2 3 "Kornet". Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  6. ↑ "ПТРК "КОРНЕТ"". btvt.narod.ru (Russian). 2003–2008. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
  7. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUJSaeE3EKY&t=20s
  8. ↑ "Designations of Soviet and Russian Military Aircraft and Missiles".
  9. ↑ "Русский "Корнет" - убийца "Абрамсов"". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  10. ↑ "Kornet E Laser Guided Anti-Tank Missile". Defence Update. 2006-07-26. Archived from the original on July 5, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  11. ↑ "KVARTET SYSTEM WITH KORNET-E ANTITANK MISSILES". KBP Instrument Design Bureau. 2008. Archived from the original on 1 November 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  12. 1 2 "Kornet E Anti-Armour Missile, Russia". Army-technology.com. 2008. Archived from the original on 17 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  13. ↑ ""BEREZHOK" The Weapon System With the Fire Control System and Kornet-E Guided Weapon Designed to Equip Armoured Vehicles". KBP Instrument Design Bureau. 2008. Archived from the original on 14 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  14. ↑ "ОАО "Конструкторское бюро приборостроения" - Рейтинг 100 влиятельных людей Тульского региона". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  15. ↑ "ОАО "Конструкторское бюро приборостроения" - Б05Я01". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  16. ↑ The new anti-tank guided missile Kornet-EM is presented at Moscow air Show MAKS-2011 - Armyrecognition.com, 17 August 2011
  17. ↑ "Kornet (AT-14)". GlobalSecurity.org.
  18. ↑ News, A. B. C. (6 January 2006). "Russian Kornet Anti-Tank Missile FAQ". Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  19. ↑ "Russian Anti-Armour Weapons and Israeli Tanks in Lebanon". Moscow Defence Brief. 2007. Retrieved 2008-11-18.
  20. ↑ "waronline.org - Потери бронетанковой техники во Второй Ливанской войне". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  21. ↑ "Танк "Меркава" (Израиль)". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  22. 1 2 Blomfield, Adrian (2006-08-15). "Israel humbled by arms from Iran". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  23. 1 2 "Proof of the location of the Hezollah's military infrastructure and operational activities carried within the civilian population" (PDF). IICC. p. 92. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2007.
  24. 1 2 "Противотанковое оружие "Хизбаллы": трофеи Второй Ливанской войны (Russian)".
  25. 1 2 "דו"ח בעניין ירי נ"ט במלחמה האחרונה 2006 (Hebrew)". Fresh.co.il.
  26. ↑ Marcus, Jonathan (2006-08-15). "Tough lessons for Israeli armour". BBC News Online.
  27. ↑ "Israel never proved use of Russian missiles by Hizbollah – Ivanov". RIA Novosti. 2006-08-25.
  28. ↑ "Russia denies Hezbollah arms link". BBC News Online. 2006-08-25.
  29. ↑ "Provisions for the control of the compliance by foreign states to the rules of use of military equipment supplied by the Russian Federation". Government of the Russian Federation. 2006-10-11.
  30. ↑ "Ashkenazi: IDF tank hit by Kornet missile". ynet. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  31. ↑ "מבצע "צוק איתן" - כיפת הברזל של הטנקים פועלת בעזה: "התקפית" - וואלה! חדשות". וואלה! חדשות. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  32. ↑ "Iraqi Abrams losses revealed". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  33. ↑ Iraqi Army Uses Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missile Systems Against IS for First Time - En.Ria.ru, 22 September 2014
  34. ↑ Rosen, Armin (29 January 2015). "This New Iranian-Built Anti-Tank Missile Could Restrain Israel's Options In Lebanon". Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  35. ↑ "Exclusive: Charred tanks in Ukraine point to Russian involvement". Reuters. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  36. ↑ "Further evidence of 9K135 Kornet ATGWs found in Ukraine". Armament Research Services. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  37. ↑ "Kornet Anti-Tank Guided Missile: Kornet Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) in Ukraine Points to Russian Presence – Reuters. PHOTOS - fighter, weapons, Russia, separatism, terrorism, Ukraine, Russian Aggression Against Ukraine, Evidence of Russian aggression in Ukraine, Kornet Anti-Tank Guided Missile (26.10.14 09:39) « Photo news - EN.Censor.net". EN.Censor.net. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  38. ↑ "Russia Delivers Kornet Anti-Tank Guided Missiles To Syria".
  39. ↑ Fahd, Majd (9 May 2016). "WATCH: SAA Kornet ATGM destroys rebels' tank in southern Aleppo (video)". Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  40. ↑ iftaab bostan (24 February 2016). "Syrian Army Kornet Missile VS ISIS". Retrieved 28 November 2016 – via YouTube.
  41. ↑ "Russian TOS-1A Solntsepyok Annihilated by ATGM Kornet". Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  42. ↑ "ISIS Blows Up Abrams Main Battle Tank near Mosul (Video & Infographics)". 24 October 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  43. ↑ "Teen hit by anti-tank missile dies of wounds". ynet. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  44. ↑ "Teen Victim of Bus Attack Dies - Inside Israel - News - Arutz Sheva". Arutz Sheva. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  45. 1 2 Hamas claims responsibility for missile strike on bus that wounded boy, CNN
  46. ↑ "Algeria could become Russia's main military partner – paper". RIA Novosti. 2007-03-29. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Sipri: Trade Registers". Archived from the original on 23 April 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  48. ↑ "Azerbaijan conducts military exercise – paper". Panarmenian. 2010-12-15. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  49. ↑ Bahrain to purchase Russian-made mobile Kornet-EM anti-tank missiles - Armyrecognition.com, 14 August 2014
  50. ↑ http://www.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2013-01-14/news/321198 Archived January 15, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
  51. ↑ Αμυντική Βίβλος 2008–2009 (journal), Defence Net Media, page 64
  52. ↑ "Mass producing of Dehlavie".
  53. ↑ "Iran Inaugurates Production Line of New Anti-Armor Missile System". Farsnews. 2012-07-07.
  54. ↑ "Pictures of Dehlavie". Mehrnews.
  55. ↑ ""Siêu diệt tăng" Kornet-D của Nga tham chiến tại Iraq". Báo điện tử Tiền Phong. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  56. ↑ "Namibia has ordered AT-14 anti-tank missiles". defenceWeb. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
  57. ↑ The Military Balance 2013. — P. 404.
  58. ↑ http://www.inss.org.il/upload/%28FILE%291287493352.pdf
  59. ↑ Bouckaert, Peter (2011-08-04). "Bombs Away – A look at Qaddafi's arsenal, now in rebel hands". Foreign Policy. Washington D.C.
  60. ↑ http://larazon.pe/especial/8949-ejercito-peruano-adquirira-tanques-t-90s-misiles-kornet-e-lanzamisiles-smerch-sistemas-antiaereos-pantsir-s1-y-vehiculos-centauro-b1.html Archived July 19, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
  61. ↑ KBP News KBP Official Website (in Russian). Archived October 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
  62. ↑ "Россия передала Турции противотанковые комплексы (Russian)". Lenta.ru. 2010-07-01. Retrieved 2010-07-01.

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