Baliracq-Maumusson

Baliracq-Maumusson
Entry to Baliracq
Baliracq-Maumusson
Location within Nouvelle-Aquitaine region  Baliracq-Maumusson
Coordinates: 43°32′48″N 0°15′14″W / 43.5467°N 0.2539°WCoordinates: 43°32′48″N 0°15′14″W / 43.5467°N 0.2539°W
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Pau
Canton	Garlin
Intercommunality	Canton de Garlin
Government
• Mayor (2014–2020)	Sylvain Sergent
Area^1	6.06 km^2 (2.34 sq mi)
Population (2010)^2	145
• Density	24/km^2 (62/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
INSEE/Postal code	64090 / 64330
Elevation	120–224 m (394–735 ft) (avg. 132 m or 433 ft)
^1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. ^2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Baliracq-Maumusson is a French commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Baliracois or Baliracoises.^[1]

Geography

Baliracq-Maumusson is located some 45 km east by north-east of Orthez and 20 km south of Aire-sur-l'Adour. Access to the commune is by the D211 road from Lannecaube in the south which passes through the length of the commune along the eastern side to join the D41 just north of the commune. Access to the village of Baliracq is by Le Moulin road branching from the D211. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.^[2]

The Lées river forms the eastern border of the commune as it flows north to join the Adour near Aire-sur-l'Adour. The Gabassot forms the northern border of the commune as it flows east into the Lées. Two other streams rise in the commune and flow into the Lées.^[2]

Places and hamlets^[3]

• Arnathau
• Baliracq
• Bitaillou
• Bouquehort^[4]
• Bourdé
• Campagne
• Castéra^[5]
• Crédey^[6]
• Florence^[7]
• Gayas
• Hau
• Hilletou
• La Hount
• Lafon
• Lanne
• Laroujat
• Lescribau
• Maufinet
• Maumusson
• Miqueu
• Mombet
• Moncade
• Mounicou
• Mourette
• Naba
• Pédeuboscq
• Pédélatour
• Pillou
• Pourrio
• Sansot^[8]
• Tardan^[9]

Neighbouring communes and villages^[2]

Toponymy

According to Michel Grosclaude the name Baliracq probably came from a Latin man's name Valerus with the Gallo-Roman suffix -acum giving the "Domain of Valerus". For Maumusson he proposed a Gascon man's name: the nickname mau meaning "bad" combined with mus meaning "nose" and the suffix -on giving "unfriendly" or "sullen".^[10]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name	Spelling	Date	Source	Page	Origin	Description
Baliracq	Saint-Félix de Balirac	10th century	Raymond	20	Marca	Village
	Vallirag	1100	Grosclaude
	Valliracum	1100	Grosclaude
	Balirag	1443	Raymond	20	Carresse
	Baliracq	1750	Cassini
	Balirac	1801	Ldh/EHESS/Cassini		Bulletin des lois
	Balirac	1863	Raymond	20
Maumusson	Maumusson	1750	Cassini			Village
	Maumussou	1774	Raymond	110	Terrier
Castéra	Casterar	1542	Raymond	44	Reformation	Farm

Sources:

• Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (French)^[11]
• Grosclaude: Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn, 2006 (French)^[10]
• Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750^[12]
• Ldh/EHESS/Cassini: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini database (French)

Origins:

• Marca: Pierre de Marca, History of Béarn.^[13]
• Carresse:^[14]
• Terrier: Terrier of Baliracq, E 177
• Reformation: Reformation of Béarn^[15]

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 20 of his 1863 dictionary that Baliracq was a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn.

The communes of Baliracq and Maumusson were merged in 1828.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors^[16]

Mayors from the French Revolution to 1933 

From	To	Name
1792	1795	Jean Sansot
1792	1796	Pierre Sartou
1795	1797	Jean Sarraille
1796	1797	Jacques Monsegu-Castera
1797	1798	Raymond Peyroutel
1797	1798	Pierre Sartou
1798	1803	Jean Sarraille
1798	1799	Pierre Miqueu
1799	1805	Pierre Boucahort
1803	1826	Germain Florence
1805	1808	Pascal Florence
1808	1809	Jean Borie
1809	1811	Jean Manaud
1811	1812	Jean Borie
1812	1813	Fils Lescriba
1813	1817	Jean Borie
1817	1821	Jean Manaud
1821	1835	Jean Fils Manaud
1835	1837	Jean Pierre Sarthou
1837	1840	Adrien Alexandre de Malden
1841	1848	Jean Manaud
1848	1882	Henry Croedey
1882	1888	Pierre Mirande
1888	1894	Jean Sansous
1894	1896	Bernard Castet
1896	1900	Jean Sansous
1900	1925	Charles Sansous
1925	1929	Jacques Cassoulong
1929	1933	Max Croedey

The Town Hall in Baliracq

Mayors from 1933

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1933	1944	Jacques Cassoulong
1944	1944	Charles Honoré
1944	1947	Jean Barreyat
1947	1989	Albert Sansous
1989	2014	Yvan Duviau
2014	2020	Sylvain Sergent

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

The commune is part of six inter-communal structures:

• the Community of communes of the Canton of Garlin;
• the SIVU for roads in the Garlin region;
• the SIVU for the Lées and its tributaries;
• the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
• the inter-communal association for the supply of drinking water for Luy-Gabas-Lées;
• the inter-communal association of Five Rivers;

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 145 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.^{[Note 1]}

Population Change (See database)

1793	1800	1806	1821	1831	1836	1841	1846	1851
281	314	342	364	410	405	386	411	401

1856	1861	1866	1872	1876	1881	1886	1891	1896
368	341	335	325	323	309	303	267	248

1901	1906	1911	1921	1926	1931	1936	1946	1954
231	256	217	196	188	184	198	183	174

1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2010	-
149	123	111	124	113	115	118	145	-

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

• A Mill at Baliracq (1764)^[17]
• A Farmhouse at Baliracq-Bouquehort (19th century)^[4]
• The Coussié House at Maumusson-Tardan (1742)^[9]
• The Castéra House at Baliracq-Castéra (1742)^[5]
• The Lafon House at Maumusson-Crédey (17th century)^[6]
• The Sansot House at Maumusson-Sansot (19th century)^[8]
• The Chateau de Milly at Maumusson-Florence (18th century)^[7]
• Houses and Farms (18th-19th century)^[18]
• A Fortified Area (Middle Ages)^[19]
• A Fortified Complex (Prehistoric).^[20] At a place called Castera the topography has been visibly altered by the hand of man as evidenced by the presence of an ancient fortified complex with major embankments and a circular walkway which is still visible. This could be for high wooden stakes joined together because no stone remains have been found. The works could therefore date to the high Middle Ages although there could be prehistoric remains.

Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Saint Peter

The Parish Church of Saint Peter (11th century) is registered as an historical monument.^[21] The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:

• An Altar, Tabernacle, and Statue (19th century)^[22]
• 2 Statues: Saints Felix and Peter (18th century)^[23]
• A Tabernacle (17th century)^[24]
• An Altar Painting: Remission of the keys to Saint Peter (19th century)^[25]
• An Altar and Retable (1844)^[26]
• Wood Panelling (1844)^[27]
• A Wayside Cross (19th century)^[28]
• An Altar Vase (20th century)^[29]
• A Monstrance (18th century)^[30]
• An Altar Candlestick (19th century)^[31]
• 6 Altar Candlesticks (18th century)^[32]
• A Thurible^[33]
• A Celebrant's Chair (18th century)^[34]
• A Stoup (1822)^[35]
• A Pulpit (18th century)^[36]
• A Confessional (18th century)^[37]
• The Choir Enclosure (1840)^[38]

See also

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

External links

• Baliracq-Maumusson on Lion1906
• Baliracq-Maumusson on Google Maps
• Baliracq-Maumusson on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (French)
• Baliracq and Maumußon on the 1750 Cassini Map
• Baliracq-Maumusson on the INSEE website (French)
• INSEE (French)

Notes and references

Notes

1. At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

1. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
2. Google Maps
3. Géoportail, IGN (French)
4. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026195 Farmhouse at Baliracq-Bouquehort (French)
5. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026193 Castéra House at Baliracq-Castéra (French)
6. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026192 Lafon House at Maumusson-Crédey (French)
7. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026190 Chateau de Milly at Maumusson-Florence (French)
8. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026191 Sansot House at Maumusson-Sansot (French)
9. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026194 Coussié House at Maumusson-Tardan (French)
10. Michel Grosclaude, Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn, Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, p. 99 & 106, ISBN 2-35068-005-3(French)
11. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (French)
12. Cassini Map 1750 – Baliracq-Maumusson
13. Pierre de Marca, Histoire de Bearn, La Veuve Jean Camusat, 1640, 850 pages (French)
14. Contracts retained by Carresse, Notary of Béarn, Manuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
15. Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
16. List of Mayors of France (French)
17. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00027435 Mill at Baliracq (French)
18. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026189 Houses and Farms (French)
19. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026188 Fortified Area (French)
20. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026187 Fortified Complex (French)
21. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026196 Parish Church of Saint Peter (French)
22. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001601 Altar, Tabernacle, and Statue (French)
23. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001600 2 Statues: Saints Felix and Peter (French)
24. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001599 Tabernacle (French)
25. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001598 Altar Painting: Remission of the keys to Saint Peter (French)
26. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001597 Altar and Retable (French)
27. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001596 Wood Panelling (French)
28. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001584 Wayside Cross (French)
29. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001583 Altar Vase (French)
30. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001582 Monstrance (French)
31. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001581 Altar Candlestick (French)
32. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001580 6 Altar Candlesticks (French)
33. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001579 Thurible (French)
34. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001578 Celebrant's Chair (French)
35. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001577 Stoup (French)
36. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001576 Pulpit (French)
37. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001575 Confessional (French)
38. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001574 Choir Enclosure (French)