Exeter (UK Parliament constituency)

Coordinates: 50°43′19″N 3°32′02″W / 50.722°N 3.534°W

Exeter
Borough constituency for the House of Commons
Boundary of Exeter in Devon.
Location of Devon within England.
County	Devon
Electorate	76,796 (December 2010)[1]
Major settlements	Exeter
Current constituency
Created	1295
Member of parliament	Ben Bradshaw (Labour)
Number of members	1295–1885: Two 1885–present: One
Overlaps
European Parliament constituency	South West England

Exeter /ˈɛksətər/ is a constituency^{[n 1]} composed of the cathedral city and county town of Devon represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. ^{[n 2]} The constituency has had a history of representatives from 1900 of Conservative, Liberal Party, Independent and Labour representation and has been represented since 1997 by Ben Bradshaw of the Labour Party, who served in government as a Health Minister and as Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport (2009-2010).

Boundaries

1918-1983: The County Borough of Exeter.

1983-2010: The City of Exeter.

2010-present: The City of Exeter wards of Alphington, Cowick, Duryard, Exwick, Heavitree, Mincinglake, Newtown, Pennsylvania, Pinhoe, Polsloe, Priory, St David’s, St James, St Leonard’s, St Thomas, and Whipton and Barton.

The constituency covers most of the city of Exeter in Devon. Following a review of parliamentary representation in Devon by the Boundary Commission for England, which has increased the number of seats in the county from 11 to 12, two wards of the City of Exeter (St Loyes and Topsham) have been transferred to the neighbouring East Devon constituency.^[2]

Members of Parliament

MPs 1295–1660

Parliament	First member	Second member
1351	John Prescott[3]
1353	John Prescott[3]
1365	John Prescott[3]
1368	John Prescott[3]
1386	John Grey	Richard Bosom[4]
1388 (Feb)	Peter Hadley	Thomas Raymond[4]
1388 (Sep)	Peter Hadley	Adam Creedy[4]
1390 (Jan)	Adam Golde	William Frye[4]
1390 (Nov)
1391	John Grey	William Frye[4]
1393	John Grey	Robert Cobbley[4]
1394	John Grey	Richard Bosom[4]
1395	John Grey	William Wilford[4]
1397 (Jan)	John Grey	William Wilford[4]
1397 (Sep)	William Frye	William Wilford[4]
1399	Roger Golde	Robert Cobbley[4]
1401	Adam Scut	John Coscombe[4]
1402	Roger Golde	William Morehay[4]
1404 (Jan)	William Wilford	Thomas Raymond[4]
1404 (Oct)	John Nywaman	John Lake[4]
1406	Roger Golde	William Dimmock[4]
1407	Nicholas Clerk	William Morehay[4]
1410	Richard Raymond	John Shaplegh I[4]
1411	William Wilford	John Lake[4]
1413 (Feb)	Thomas Eston	Peter Sturt[4]
1413 (May)	Richard Bosom	John Pollow[4]
1414 (Apr)	John Wilford	John Shaplegh II[4]
1414 (Nov)	Roger Golde	John Wilford[4]
1415	Richard Crese	John Pollow[4]
1416 (Mar)	Roger Golde	Robert Vessy[4]
1416 (Oct)	Roger Golde	John Pollow[4]
1417	John Shaplegh II	Thomas Cook[4]
1419	John Shaplegh II	John Pollow[4]
1420	John Shaplegh II	Richard Crese[4]
1421 (May)	John Cutler alias Carwithan	Roger Shillingford[4]
1421 (Dec)	John Shaplegh II	John Shillingford[4]
1510	Thomas Andrew	John Orenge[5]
1512	Richard Hewet	John Simon[5]
1515	Richard Hewet	John Simon[5]
1523	John Noseworthy	John Bridgeman[5]
1529	Henry Hamlin	John Blackaller, replaced 1534 by John Vowell alias Hooker[5]
1536	?
1539	John Hull	William Hurst[5]
1542	Thomas Spurway	William Hurst[5]
1543	Gilbert Kirk replaced Spurway and John Pasmore replaced Hurst[5]
1543	(substitution reversed) Thomas Spurway replaced Kirk, William Hurst replaced Pasmore[5]
1545	John Grenville	William Hurst[5]
1547	John Hull, died and replaced 1549 by Thomas Prestwood	Griffith Ameredith[5]
1553 (Mar)	Robert Weston	Richard Hart[5]
1553 (Oct)	John Ridgeway	Richard Hart[5]
1554 (Apr)	John Ridgeway	Richard Hart[5]
1554 (Nov)	John Grenville	John Petre[5]
1555	Sir John Pollard	Edmund Sture[5]
1558	John Grenville	Walter Staplehill[5]
1558/9	Sir John Pollard	Richard Prestwood[6]
1562/3	Thomas Williams, died and replaced 1566 by Sir Peter Carew	Geoffrey Tothill[6]
1571	Geoffrey Tothill	John Vowell alias Hooker[6]
1572	Geoffrey Tothill, died and replaced 1576 by Edward Ameredith	Simon Knight[6]
1584	Thomas Bruarton	Richard Prowse[6]
1586	Edward Drew	John Vowell alias Hooker[6]
1588	Edward Drew	John Peryam[6]
1593	John Hele	John Peryam[6]
1597	John Hele	William Martin[6]
1601	John Hele	John Howell[6]
1604	George Smith	John Prowse
1614	John Prowse	Thomas Martyn
1621–1622	John Prowse	Ignatius Jordain
1624	John Prowse	Nicholas Duck
1625	Ignatius Jordain	Nicholas Duck
1626	Ignatius Jordain	John Hayne
1628-1629	Ignatius Jordain	John Lynn
1629–1640	No Parliaments summoned
Apr 1640	Robert Walker	Simon Snow in place of Jacob Tucker
Nov 1640	Robert Walker disabled 1643	Simon Snow
1645	Simon Snow secluded in Pride's Purge	Samuel Clark
1648	Samuel Clark	(one seat only)
1653	Exeter not represented in the Barebones Parliament
1654	Thomas Bampfield	Thomas Gibbons
1656	Thomas Bampfield	Thomas Westlake
1659	Thomas Bampfield	Maj. Thomas Gibbon

MPs 1660–1885

Two members

Year		First member[7]	First party		Second member[7]	Second party
1660		John Maynard			Thomas Bampfield
1661		Sir James Smyth			Robert Walker
1673					Thomas Walker
1679		William Glyde			Malachi Pyne
1681		Sir Thomas Carew			Thomas Walker
1685		James Walker			Edward Seymour	Tory
Jan 1689		Sir Henry Pollexfen
Jun 1689		Christopher Bale
1695		Edward Seyward			Sir Joseph Tily
1698		Sir Edward Seymour	Tory		Sir Bartholomew Shower
1702					John Snell	Tory
Apr 1708		John Harris	Whig
May 1708					Nicholas Wood	Tory
1710		Sir Coplestone Bampfylde	Tory		John Snell	Tory
1713		John Rolle			Francis Drewe
1715		John Bampfylde
1722		John Rolle
1727		Samuel Molyneux
1728		John Belfield
1734		John King			Thomas Balle
1735		Sir Henry Northcote
1741					Humphrey Sydenham
1743		Sir Richard Bampfylde, Bt
1747		John Tuckfield
1754					John Rolle Walter
1767		William Spicer
1768		John Buller
1774		Sir Charles Warwick Bampfylde
1776					John Baring
1790		James Buller
1796		Sir Charles Warwick Bampfylde
1802					James Buller
1812		William Courtenay
1818					Robert William Newman
Feb 1826		Samuel Trehawke Kekewich
Jun 1826					Lewis William Buck
1830		James Wentworth Buller
1832					Edward Divett
1835		Sir William Webb Follett
1845		Sir John Thomas Buller Duckworth, Bt
1857		Richard Sommers Gard
1864					Viscount Courtenay
1865		John Coleridge	Liberal
1868					Edgar Alfred Bowring
1873		Arthur Mills
1874					John George Johnson
1880		Edward Johnson			Henry Northcote	Conservative
1885	representation reduced to one member

MPs since 1885

Election	Member[7]		Party
1885		Henry Northcote	Conservative
1899 by-election		Sir Edgar Vincent	Conservative
1906		Sir George Kekewich	Liberal
January 1910		Henry Duke	Conservative
December 1910[8]		Harold St Maur	Liberal
1911[8]		Henry Duke	Conservative
1918		Sir Robert Newman	Conservative
1929			Independent
1931		Arthur Conrad Reed	Conservative
1945		John Cyril Maude	Conservative
1951		Sir Rolf Dudley-Williams, Bt	Conservative
1966		Gwyneth Dunwoody	Labour
1970		Sir John Hannam	Conservative
1997		Ben Bradshaw	Labour

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General Election 2015: Exeter^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Ben Bradshaw[10]	25,062	46.4	+8.2
	Conservative	Dom Morris[11]	17,879	33.1	+0.1
	UKIP	Keith Crawford[12]	5,075	9.4	+5.7
	Green	Diana Moore	3,491	6.5	+4.9
	Liberal Democrat	Joel Mason[13]	2,321	4.3	−16.2
	TUSC	Ed Potts[14][15][16]	190	0.4	+0.4
Majority			7,183	13.3	+8.1
Turnout			54,018	70.2	+2.5
	Labour hold		Swing

General Election 2010: Exeter^[17][18]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Ben Bradshaw	19,942	38.2	−4.0
	Conservative	Hannah Foster	17,221	33.0	+8.1
	Liberal Democrat	Graham Oakes	10,581	20.3	−0.7
	UKIP	Keith Crawford	1,930	3.7	+0.3
	Liberal	Chris Gale	1,108	2.1	−2.3
	Green	Paula Black	792	1.5	−2.3
	BNP	Robert Farmer	673	1.3	+1.3
Majority			2,721	5.2
Turnout			52,247	67.7	+3.4
	Labour hold		Swing	−6.0

Elections in the 2000s

General Election 2005: Exeter^[19]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Ben Bradshaw	22,619	41.1	−8.7
	Conservative	Peter Cox	14,954	27.2	−0.2
	Liberal Democrat	Jon Underwood	11,340	20.6	+8.2
	Liberal	Margaret Danks	2,214	4.0	−0.9
	Green	Tim Brenan	1,896	3.4	+1.0
	UKIP	Mark Fitzgeorge-Parker	1,854	3.4	+1.3
	Independent	John Stuart	191	0.3	+0.3
Majority			7,665	13.9
Turnout			55,068	64.8	0.6
	Labour hold		Swing	−4.2

General Election 2001: Exeter^[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Ben Bradshaw	26,194	49.8	+2.3
	Conservative	Anne Jobson	14,435	27.4	−1.2
	Liberal Democrat	Richard Copus	6,512	12.4	−5.6
	Liberal	David J Morrish	2,596	4.9	+1.6
	Green	Paul Edwards	1,240	2.4	+1.3
	UKIP	John Stuart	1,109	2.1	+1.1
	Socialist Alliance	Francis Choules	530	1.0	N/A
Majority			11,759	22.4
Turnout			52,616	64.2	-13.7
	Labour hold		Swing

Elections in the 1990s

General Election 1997: Exeter^[21][22][23]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Ben Bradshaw	29,938	47.5	+11.8
	Conservative	Adrian Rogers	17,693	28.6	−13.5
	Liberal Democrat	Dennis Brewer	11,148	18.0	−1.1
	Liberal	David J Morrish	2,062	3.3	+1.5
	Green	Paul Edwards	643	1.0	+0.2
	Independent	John Stuart	638	1.0	N/A
	Pensioner	James Meakin	282	0.5	N/A
Majority			11,705	18.9
Turnout			61,864	78.2	−4.0
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing	+12.5

General Election 1992: Exeter^[24][25]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir John Gordon Hannam	25,543	41.1	−3.3
	Labour	John N. Lloyd	22,498	36.2	+13.7
	Liberal Democrat	Graham J. Oakes	12,059	19.4	−12.3
	Liberal	Mrs Alison C. Micklem	1,119	1.8	+1.8
	Green	Tim J.R. Brenan	764	1.2	+0.2
	Natural Law	Michael J. Turnbull	98	0.2	N/A
Majority			3,045	4.9	−7.7
Turnout			62,081	80.5	−0.1
	Conservative hold		Swing	−8.5

Elections in the 1980s

General Election 1987: Exeter^[26]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir John Gordon Hannam	26,922	44.40
	Social Democratic	Mike Thomas	19,266	31.77
	Labour	John Albert Vincent	13,643	22.50
	Green	Raymond John Vail	597	0.98
	L.A.P.P	Nigel Douglas Byles	209	0.34
Majority			7,656	12.63
Turnout				80.63
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1983: Exeter^[27]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir John Gordon Hannam	26,660	46.52
	Social Democratic	S. Mennell	16,780	29.28
	Labour	R. Evans	13,088	22.84
	Ecology	P. Frings	779	1.36
Majority			9,880	17.24
Turnout				78.03
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1979: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir John Gordon Hannam	27,173	48.41
	Labour	G.W. Hobbs	19,146	34.11
	Liberal	H. Marsh	8,756	15.60
	Ecology	P. Frings	1,053	1.88
Majority			8,027	14.30
Turnout				81.55
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election October 1974: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir John Gordon Hannam	21,970	40.73
	Labour	F Keith Taylor	19,622	36.38
	Liberal	David J Morrish	12,342	22.88
Majority			2,348	4.35
Turnout				80.28
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election February 1974: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir John Gordon Hannam	22,762	40.10
	Labour	G. Powell	17,686	31.15
	Liberal	David J Morrish	16,322	28.75
Majority			5,076	8.94
Turnout				85.28
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1970: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Gordon Hannam	21,680	45.02
	Labour	Gwyneth Patricia Dunwoody	20,409	42.38
	Liberal	David J Morrish	6,672	13.61
Majority			1,271	2.64
Turnout				81.05
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General Election 1966: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Gwyneth Patricia Dunwoody	22,199	48.60
	Conservative	Sir Rolf Dudley Dudley-Williams	18,613	40.75
	Liberal	Ronald Cuthbert Thompson	4,869	10.66
Majority			3,586	7.85
Turnout				83.63
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing

General Election 1964: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Sir Rolf Dudley Dudley-Williams	18,035	41.44
	Labour	Gwyneth Patricia Dunwoody	16,673	38.31
	Liberal	Ronald Cuthbert Thompson	8,815	20.25
Majority			1,362	3.13
Turnout				80.34
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1959: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Rolf Dudley Dudley-Williams	21,579	48.66
	Labour	Albert John Rogers	15,918	35.89
	Liberal	Gordon Taylor	6,852	15.45
Majority			5,661	12.76
Turnout				82.00
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1955: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Rolf Dudley Dudley-Williams	24,147	56.28
	Labour	Leslie C. Merrion	18,759	43.72
Majority			5,388	12.56
Turnout				79.31
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1951: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Rolf Dudley Dudley-Williams	23,218	50.80
	Labour	Edward S.D. Bishop	18,576	40.65
	Liberal	Mrs. Ellen E Tinkham	3,908	8.55
Majority			4,642	10.16
Turnout				84.13
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1950: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Cyril Maude	24,339	53.52
	Labour	Thomas Lewis Horabin	21,135	46.48
Majority			3,204	7.05
Turnout				86.00
	Conservative hold		Swing

Election in the 1940s

General Election 1945: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Cyril Maude	16,420	43.34
	Labour	Reginald J Travess	15,245	40.24
	Liberal	Mrs Freda Evelyn Griffith Morgan	6,220	16.42
Majority			1,175	3.10
Turnout				74.46
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1939/40: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

• Conservative: Arthur Conrad Reed
• Labour: W R Robins^[28]
• Liberal: Henry Gebhardt
• British Union: Rafe Temple Cotton

General Election 1935: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Arthur Conrad Reed	21,192	60.78
	Labour	John Stafford Cripps	13,674	39.22
Majority			7,518	21.56
Turnout				75.86
	Conservative hold		Swing

General Election 1931: Exeter

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Arthur Conrad Reed	20,360	55.19
	Liberal	Eleanor Acland	8,571	23.23
	Labour	James Viner Delahaye	7,958	21.57
Majority			11,789	31.96
Turnout				84.77
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1929: Exeter^[29]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Independent Unionist	Sir Robert Hunt Stapylton Dudley Lydston Newman	16,642	49.5	-8.0
	Labour	J. Lloyd Jones	9,361	27.8	+2.6
	Unionist	Geoffrey Dorling Roberts	7,622	22.7	n/a
Majority			7,281	21.7	-10.6
Turnout				81.9	-0.2
	Independent Unionist gain from Unionist		Swing	n/a

General Election 1924: Exeter^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Sir Robert Hunt Stapylton Dudley Lydston Newman	14,522	57.5	-10.2
	Labour	A J Penny	6,359	25.2	-7.1
	Liberal	Thomas Fairchild Day	4,359	17.3	n/a
Majority			8,163	32.3	-3.1
Turnout				82.1	+9.5
	Unionist hold		Swing	-1.5

General Election 1923: Exeter ^[31]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Sir Robert Hunt Stapylton Dudley Lydston Newman	14,908	67.7	+11.0
	Labour	Gladstone Lothian Rosebery Small	7,123	32.3	n/a
Majority			7,785	35.4	+22.0
Turnout				72.6	-13.0
	Unionist hold		Swing	n/a

Leonard Costello

General Election 1922 : Exeter^[32]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Sir Robert Hunt Stapylton Dudley Lydston Newman	14,326	56.7	-2.0
	Liberal	Leonard Wilfred James Costello	10,920	43.3	+2.0
Majority				13.4	-4.0
Turnout				85.6	+17.4
	Unionist hold		Swing	-2.0

Elections in the 1910s

General Election 1918 Exeter^[33]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Unionist	Sir Robert Hunt Stapylton Dudley Lydston Newman	12,524	58.7
	Liberal	Leonard Wilfred James Costello	8,806	41.3
Majority			3,718	17.4
Turnout				68.2
	Unionist hold		Swing

• endorsed by the Coalition Government

General Election 1914/15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

• Unionist: Rt Hon. Henry Edward Duke
• Liberal:

Harold St Maur

General Election December 1910 Exeter^[34]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Henry Edward Duke	4,777	50.0	-0.1
	Liberal	Richard Harold St. Maur	4,776	50.0	+0.1
Majority			1	0.0	-0.1
Turnout				92.0	-2.2
	Conservative hold		Swing	-0.1

• St Maur was elected but unseated on petition to the courts

General Election January 1910 Exeter^[34]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Henry Edward Duke	4,902	50.1	+0.6
	Liberal	Richard Harold St. Maur	4,876	49.9	-0.6
Majority			26	0.1	1.2
Turnout			9,778	94.2	+1.7
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+0.6

Elections in the 1900s

General Election 1906 Exeter^[34]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Sir George William Kekewich	4,469	50.5
	Conservative	Sir Edgar Vincent	4,384	49.5
Majority			85	1.0
Turnout			8,853	92.5
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing

See also

• List of Parliamentary constituencies in Devon

Notes and references

Notes

1. A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
2. As with all constituencies, Exeter elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

References

1. "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
2. "Final recommendations for Parliamentary constituencies in the counties of Devon, Plymouth and Torbay". Boundary Commission for England. 2004-11-24. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
3. "PRESCOTT, John (c.1327-1412), of Prescott, Rake and Exeter, Devon.". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
4. "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
5. "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
6. "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
7. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "E" (part 2)
8. At the December 1910 election, Harold St Maur was declared the winner by 4 votes, and the same majority was recorded after a recount. However a electoral petition was heard in April 1911, at which Henry Duke was declared the winner by 1 vote.
9. "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
10. http://electionresults.blogspot.co.uk/2013/04/exeter-2015.html
11. http://electionresults.blogspot.co.uk/2013/04/exeter-2015.html
12. http://electionresults.blogspot.co.uk/2013/04/exeter-2015.html
13. http://www.exeterexpressandecho.co.uk/Exeter-Uni-student-fight-Exeter-seat-Liberal/story-26001949-detail/story.html
14. http://exetersocialists.org/2015/02/16/exeter-socialists-announce-parliamentary-candidate/
15. http://www.exeterexpressandecho.co.uk/Exeter-resident-Ed-chosen-represent-city/story-26074298-detail/story.html
16. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/constituencies/E14000698
17. "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
18. Bostock, Philip (20 April 2010). "Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll" (PDF). Acting Returning Officer, Exeter City Council. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
19. "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
20. "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
21. "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
22. "Exeter: Constituency". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
23. Morgan, Bryn (29 March 2001). "General Election results, 1 May 1997" (PDF). Social & General Statistics Section, House of Commons Library. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
24. "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
25. "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
26. "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
27. "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
28. Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
29. Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
30. Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
31. Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
32. Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
33. Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
34. British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)