Jōji

Jōji (貞治) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōan and before Ōan. This period spanned the years from September 1362 through February 1368.^[1] The emperor in Kyoto was Emperor Go-Kōgon (後光厳天皇 Go-Kōgon-tennō).^[2] Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇 Go-Murakami-tennō).

Nanboku-chō overview

The Imperial seats during the Nanboku-chō period were in relatively close proximity, but geographically distinct. They were conventionally identified as:

• Northern capital : Kyoto
• Southern capital : Yoshino.

During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose Southern Court (南朝 nanchō) had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.^[3]

Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial chronologies despite the undisputed fact that the Imperial Regalia were not in their possession.^[3]

This illegitimate Northern Court (北朝 hokuchō) had been established in Kyoto by Ashikaga Takauji.^[3]

Change of era

• 1362, also called Jōji gannen (貞治元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Kōan 2.

In this time frame, Shōhei (1346–1370) was a Southern Court equivalent nengō,

Events of the Jōji era

• 1362 (Jōji 1): The era begins with Ashikaga Yoshiakira in control of Kyoto.^[4]
• 1365 (Jōji 4): Emperor Go-Daigo's son, Prince Kaneyoshi (also known as Kanenaga) gains control of Kyūshū.^[4]
• 1367 (Jōji 6): Kantō Kubō Ashikaga Motouji dies;^[4] Yoshiakira falls ill and cedes his position to his son.^[5]
• 1368 (Jōji 7): Yoshiakira's son, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, becomes the third shogun of what comest to be known as the Muromachi period.^[6]

Notes

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Japan Encyclopedia, p. 430; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 302-308; Nussbaum, p. 175.
3. Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology, p. 199 n57, citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan. p. 140-147.
4. Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron, p.329.
5. Titsingh, p. 307.
6. Titsingh, p. 308.

References

• Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press. ISBN 978-0-7022-1485-1
• Mehl, Margaret. (1997). History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan. New York: St Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-21160-8; OCLC 419870136
• Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 48943301
• Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). Reconfiguring Modernity: Concepts of Nature in Japanese Political Ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22854-2; OCLC 47916285
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection