Lyman Hall
Lyman Hall | |
---|---|
16th Governor of Georgia | |
In office January 8, 1783 – January 9, 1784 | |
Preceded by | John Martin |
Succeeded by | John Houstoun |
Delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress | |
In office 1775–1777 | |
Personal details | |
Born |
April 12, 1724 Wallingford, Connecticut |
Died |
October 19, 1790 66) Burke County, Georgia | (aged
Political party | Pro-Administration |
Residence | America |
Profession | Governor |
Signature |
Lyman Hall (April 12, 1724 – October 19, 1790), physician, clergyman, and statesman, was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Georgia. Hall County is named after him.
Early life and family
Lyman Hall was the son of John and Mary (née Street) Hall and graduated from Yale College in 1747, a tradition his seven siblings would repeat. In 1749, he was called to the pulpit of Stratfield Parish (now Bridgeport, CT). His pastorate was a stormy one: an outspoken group of parishioners opposed his ordination; in 1751, he was dismissed after charges against his moral character which, according to one biography, "Were supported by proof and also by his own confession." He continued to preach for two more years, filling vacant pulpits, while he studied medicine and taught school.
In 1752, he married Abigail Burr of Fairfield, Connecticut, however, she died the following year. In 1757, he was married again to Mary Osborne.[1] He migrated to South Carolina and established himself as a physician at Dorchester, South Carolina, near Charleston, a community settled by Congregationalist migrants from Dorchester, Massachusetts decades earlier. When these settlers moved to the Midway District – now Liberty County – in Georgia, Hall accompanied them. Hall soon became one of the leading citizens of the newly founded town, Sunbury.
Revolutionary War
On the eve of the American Revolution, St. John's Parish, in which Sunbury was located, was a hotbed of radical sentiment in a predominantly loyalist colony. Though Georgia was not initially represented in the First Continental Congress, through Hall's influence, the parish was persuaded to send a delegate – Hall himself – to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to the Second Continental Congress. He was admitted to a seat in Congress in 1775. He was one of the three Georgians to sign the Declaration of Independence, and one of three doctors to sign the Declaration of Independence.[2]
In January 1779, Sunbury was burned by the British. Hall's family fled to the North, where they remained until the British evacuation in 1782. Hall then returned to Georgia, settling in Savannah. In January 1783, he was elected an early governor of the state – a position that he held for one year. While governor, Hall advocated the chartering of a state university, believing that education, particularly religious education, would result in a more virtuous citizenry. His efforts led to the chartering of the University of Georgia in 1785. At the expiration of his term as governor, he resumed his medical practice.
Death and legacy
In 1790, Hall moved to a plantation in Burke County, Georgia, on the Carolina border, where he died on October 19 at the age of 66. Hall's widow, Mary Osborne, survived later dying in November 1793.
Lyman Hall is memorialized in Georgia where Hall County, Georgia bears his namesake; and in Connecticut, his native state, where the town of Wallingford honored him by naming a high school after its distinguished native son. Elementary schools in Liberty County, Georgia and in Hall County, Georgia are also named for him.
Signers Monument, a granite obelisk in front of the courthouse in Augusta, Georgia, memorializes Hall and the other two Georgians who signed the Declaration of Independence. His remains were re-interred there from his original grave on his plantation in Burke County.
In popular culture
Lyman Hall is portrayed in the 1969 Broadway musical 1776 and in the 1972 film of the same name by Jonathan Moore. As presented in the play and in the film, at a critical point in the struggle of John Adams to convince his fellow delegates to the Second Continental Congress to choose independence, Hall re-enters the chamber to change Georgia's vote. He says he has been thinking: "In trying to resolve my dilemma I remembered something I'd once read, 'that a representative owes the People not only his industry, but his judgment, and he betrays them if he sacrifices it to their opinion.' It was written by Edmund Burke, a member of the British Parliament." Hall then walks over to the tally board and changes Georgia's vote from "Nay" to "Yea."
References
- ↑ Young, James Harvey (2010). American National Biography. London: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- ↑ Rosen, George (1976). "Benjamin Rush on Health and the American Revolution". American Journal Of Public Health. 66 (4). Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- Franklin B. Dexter. 1896. "Lyman Hall." In BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THE GRADUATES OF YALE COLLEGE, 1745-1763. New York: Henry Holt & Company.
- Charles S. Hall. 1896. HALL ANCESTRY. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
- Walter A. Clark. Dr. Lyman Street Hall: Connecticut's Contribution to Colonial Georgia. Correspondence, The Hartford Courant, Mar. 16, 1910, p. 16.
External links
- United States Congress. "Lyman Hall (id: H000061)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Lyman Hall at Find a Grave
- Lyman Hall, The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence
- Lyman Hall historical marker
Political offices | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by John Martin |
Governor of Georgia 1783–1784 |
Succeeded by John Houstoun |