National conservatism
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National conservatism is a variant of conservatism that concentrates more on national interests and upholding cultural and ethnic identity than most other conservatives.[1] In Europe, national conservatives are usually eurosceptics.[2][3] National conservatism is also related to traditionalist conservatism.
Most conservative parties in postcommunist Central and Southeastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative.[4]
Ideology
Social policies
National conservative parties are "socially traditional"[2] and support the traditional family and social stability.[5] According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a centre of identity, solidarity and emotion."[5] Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives, as well as in favour of limiting immigration and enacting law-and-order policies.[2]
Economic policies
National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy: their views may range from support of a planned economy to a centrist mixed economy to a laissez-faire approach.[1] In the first, more common, case, national conservatives can be distinguished from fiscal conservatives,[6] for whom free market economic policies, deregulation and tight spending are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic conservatism: "most parties of the Right [today] are run by economic conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[6]
List of national conservative political parties
Current national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions
The following political parties have been characterised as national conservative, at least as one of their ideological influences.
-
Åland — Future of Åland -
Algeria — Algerian National Front -
Albania — Democratic Party of Albania,[4] Republican Party of Albania,[7] Albanian Alternative -
Armenia — Republican Party of Armenia -
Australia — One Nation, Australian Liberty Alliance, Christian Democratic Party, Family First Party -
Azerbaijan — Motherland Party, Civic Solidarity Party -
Bolivia — Nationalist Democratic Action -
Bosnia and Herzegovina — Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union BiH, Party of Democratic Progress[4] -
Bulgaria — IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement,[8] Union of Democratic Forces, Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, Democratic Party[4] -
Chile — Independent Democratic Union -
Croatia — Croatian Democratic Union,[4] Croatian Party of Rights dr. Ante Starčević, Croatian Party of Rights -
Cyprus — Solidarity Movement[9] -
Czech Republic — Civic Democratic Party,[10][11] Coalition for Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia, Dawn - National Coalition, National Democracy, Order of Nation -
Denmark — Danish People's Party,[12] Danish Unity -
Estonia — Pro Patria and Res Publica Union,[4] Conservative People's Party of Estonia,[13] Estonian Free Party -
Finland — Finns Party[14] -
France — Movement for France,[15] National Front,[16] France Arise -
Germany — Alternative for Germany,[17] Christian Social Union in Bavaria (partially), The Republicans, Pro Germany Citizens' Movement -
Greece — Independent Greeks,[18] Democratic Revival, Popular Orthodox Rally -
Hungary — Fidesz[4][19] -
India — Bharatiya Janata Party -
Israel — Yisrael Beiteinu, The Jewish Home -
Italy — Brothers of Italy,[20] The Right, Northern League (factions) -
Japan – Liberal Democratic Party, Party for Japanese Kokoro -
Latvia — National Alliance[21] -
Lebanon — Kataeb Party, Lebanese Forces -
Liechtenstein — Progressive Citizens' Party -
Lithuania — Homeland Union,[4] Order and Justice[22] -
Luxembourg — Alternative Democratic Reform Party[23] -
Macedonia — Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity,[4] United for Macedonia -
Montenegro — New Serb Democracy, Democratic People's Party, Democratic Party of Unity -
Morocco — Istiqlal Party -
Nepal — Rastriya Prajatantra Party -
Norway — Progress Party -
Philippines — Nacionalista Party -
Poland — Law and Justice,[4][24] Solidary Poland, Congress of the New Right -
Portugal — CDS – People's Party[25] -
Romania — United Romania Party -
Russia — United Russia -
Serbia — Serbian Progressive Party,[26] Democratic Party of Serbia,[4][26] Democratic Serb Party, New Serb Democracy -
Slovakia - Slovak National Party -
Slovenia — Slovenian Democratic Party,[4] -
South Africa - National Conservative Party of South Africa -
South Korea — Saenuri Party -
Spain — Vox -
Sweden — Sweden Democrats[27] -
Switzerland — Swiss People's Party, Federal Democratic Union,[28] Swiss Democrats, Geneva Citizens' Movement, Ticino League -
Taiwan – Kuomintang -
Turkey — Justice and Development Party, Nationalist Movement Party, Homeland Party -
Ukraine — Ukrainian Republican Party -
United Kingdom — Democratic Unionist Party,[29] Traditional Unionist Voice,[30] -
United States — Constitution Party, Republican Party (factions)
Former national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions
- Italy — National Alliance[31]
- Czech Republic — National Party, National Unity
- Romania — Conservative Party[4]
-
San Marino — Sammarinese People - Slovakia — People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia
See also
References
- 1 2 Mandal 2007, p. 306.
- 1 2 3 Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Traynor, Ian, The EU's weary travellers The Guardian, April 4, 2006
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Bakke, Elisabeth (2010), "Central and East European party systems since 1989", Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989, Cambridge University Press, p. 79
- 1 2 Rosenberger, Sieglinde, Europe is swinging towards the right - What are the effects on women?, University of Vienna, 2002. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- 1 2 National Questions, National Review, Vol. 49, Issue 12, June 30, 1997, pp. 16-17
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ↑ "Détails ODS - Election(s)Meter". fr.electionsmeter.com. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ↑ Pehe, Jiří. "Má liberalismus v České republice šanci? — Jiří Pehe". www.pehe.cz. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ↑ Moreau, Patrick (2011). "The Victorious Parties - Unity in Diversity?". In Uwe Backes, Patrick Moreau. The Extreme Right in Europe: Current Trends and Perspectives. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 101. ISBN 9783647369228.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ http://www.lefigaro.fr/vox/politique/2015/04/13/31001-20150413ARTFIG00155-jean-yves-camus-marion-le-pen-incarne-la-ligne-nationale-conservatrice-du-fn.php
- ↑ Simon Franzmann (2015). "The Failed Struggle for Office Instead of Votes". In Gabriele D'Ottavio; Thomas Saalfeld. Germany After the 2013 Elections: Breaking the Mould of Post-Unification Politics?. Ashgate. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-1-4724-4439-4.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ David Art (2011), "Memory Politics in Western Europe", in Uwe Backes; Patrick Moreau, The Extreme Right in Europe, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, p. 364, ISBN 978-3-525-36922-7
- 1 2 Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Peter Starke; Alexandra Kaasch; Franca Van Hooren (2013). The Welfare State as Crisis Manager: Explaining the Diversity of Policy Responses to Economic Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-137-31484-0.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ↑ Tarchi, Marco (2007), "Recalcitrant Allies: The Conflicting Foreign Policy Agenda of the Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord", Europe for the Europeans, Ashgate, p. 188
Books
Mandal, U.C. (2007). Dictionary Of Public Administration. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-8-1762-5784-8.
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