Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark District
Four decommissioned aircraft carriers docked at the shipyard. From left: Independence, Kitty Hawk, Constellation, and Ranger.
Location	N shore of Sinclair Inlet, Bremerton, WA
Coordinates	47°33′31″N 122°38′39″W / 47.5585°N 122.6442°WCoordinates: 47°33′31″N 122°38′39″W / 47.5585°N 122.6442°W
Architect	US Navy
NRHP Reference #	92001883
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	August 27, 1992[1]
Designated NHLD	August 27, 1992[2]

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility
Puget Sound, Washington
Type	Shipyard
Site information
Controlled by	United States Navy
Site history
Built	1891
In use	1891–present

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility (PSNS & IMF) is a United States Navy shipyard covering 179 acres (0.7 km²) on Puget Sound at Bremerton, Washington in uninterrupted use since its establishment in 1891; it has also been known as Navy Yard Puget Sound, Bremerton Navy Yard, and Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.

It is bordered on the south by Sinclair Inlet, on the west by the Bremerton Annex of Naval Base Kitsap, and on the north and east by the city of Bremerton, Washington. It is the Pacific Northwest's largest naval shore facility and one of Washington state's largest industrial installations. PSNS & IMF provides the Navy with maintenance, modernization, and technical and logistics support.

History

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard was established in 1891 as a Naval Station and was designated Navy Yard Puget Sound in 1901. During World War I, the Navy Yard constructed ships, including 25 subchasers, seven submarines, two minesweepers, seven seagoing tugs, and two ammunition ships, as well as 1,700 small boats. During World War II, the shipyard's primary effort was the repair of battle damage to ships of the U.S. fleet and those of its allies.

Following World War II, Navy Yard Puget Sound was designated Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. It engaged in an extensive program of modernizing carriers, including converting conventional flight decks to angle decks. During the Korean War, the shipyard was engaged in the activation of ships. In the late 1950s, it entered an era of new construction with the building of a new class of guided missile frigates. In 1965, USS Sculpin (SSN 590) became the first nuclear-powered submarine to be maintained at PSNS. The shipyard was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1992.^[2][3] The historic district includes 22 contributing buildings and 42 contributing structures, as well as 49 non-contributing buildings, structures, and objects.^[3]

Installations

Perhaps the most visible feature of the shipyard is its huge green hammerhead crane, built in 1933. The PSNS hammerhead crane is 250 feet (76 m) tall and 80 feet (24 m) wide with a lifting capacity of 250 tons.^[4]

Ship-Submarine Recycling Program

In 1990 the Navy authorized the Ship-Submarine Recycling Program (SRP) to recycle nuclear-powered ships at PSNS. Approximately 25% of the shipyard's workload involves inactivation, reactor compartment disposal, and recycling of ships. It has pioneered an environmentally safe method of deactivating and recycling nuclear-powered ships. This process places the U.S. Navy in the role of being the world's only organization to design, build, operate, and recycle nuclear-powered ships. On May 15, 2003 PSNS and IMF were consolidated into what is now known as PSNS & IMF.

PSNS is the only U.S. facility certified to recycle nuclear ships. During all this period Puget Sound Naval Shipyard has scrapped more than 125 submarines and some cruisers.^[5]

Mothball Fleet

The shipyard contains a portion of the United States Navy reserve fleet, a large collection of inactive U.S. Navy vessels, including two aircraft carriers: the USS Independence (CV-62)^[6] and the USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63).^[7] Kitty Hawk is mothballed, meaning that she is stored in case she is needed by the Navy in the future, whereas Independence has been struck from the Naval Vessel Register and is due for scrapping,^[8] as has already been done with former IMF Bremerton carriers Ranger^[8] and Constellation.^[8]

Environmental Issues

Gorst Creek Ravine near Port Orchard, Washington was a hazardous waste dump for the Navy's shipyard waste between 1969 and 1970, when the site was not permitted by local authorities to take waste.^[9] After several collapses since 1997 the landfill could blow out Highway 3. The landfill is an "ongoing source of pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and metals flowing downstream with the potential to affect groundwater wells, sport fisheries and the Suquamish Tribe's fish hatchery.^[9] In October 2014, the US EPA ordered the Navy to fix the problems.^[10]

Gallery

• 
  Navy Yard views in 1910
• 
  Puget Sound Navy Yard in 1913
• 
  The complete U.S. Navy carrier force at Puget Sound, 1929
• 
  Puget Sound Navy Yard in 1940
• 
  Mothballed ships in 1974
• 
  Retired Essex-class carriers in 1989
• 
  The mothball fleet in Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
• 
  Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, as seen from across the water in Port Orchard. The mothballed ships are on the left, and the hammerhead crane is on the right.

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Historic Districts

The Puget Sound Naval Shipyard contains five historic districts:

1. Officers' Row Historic District;
2. Puget Sound Radio Station Historic District;
3. Hospital Reservation Historic District;
4. Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Historic District; and
5. Marine Reservation Historic District.

These five units are a comprehensive representation of the historic features of the naval shipyard.

See also

• List of U.S. National Historic Landmark ships, shipwrecks, and shipyards

Notes

1. National Park Service (2007-01-23). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
2. "Puget Sound Naval Shipyard". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2008-04-12.
3. Erwin N. Thompson and Ben Levy (December 20, 1990). "National Register of Historic Places Registration: Navy Yard Puget Sound / Bremerton Navy Yard; Puget Sound Naval Shipyard" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 2009-05-03. and Accompanying 17 photos, from 1985 and 1991 (3.71 MB)
4. Putnam, Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Kirk T. (19 July 2009). "Senior Chief Re-enlists on Historic Bremerton Landmark". America's Navy. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
5. "Navy exploring private firms for typically PSNS work". Retrieved 12 August 2016.
6. Horn, Richard (19 December 1999). "MOTHBALLED FLEET: PSNS moves retired carrier". Kitsap Sun. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
7. "Navy Decommissions USS Kitty Hawk". America's Navy. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
8. Friedrich, Ed (6 February 2009). "Kitty Hawk Gives Bremerton a Quartet of Vietnam-Era Carriers". Kitsap Sun. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
9. "EPA to Navy: Fix issues at former dump". Columbian (WA). Associated Press. 16 October 2014. Archived from the original on December 1, 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
10. Dunagan, Christopher. "EPA wants Navy to help fix former dump". Retrieved 2015-09-10.

External links

• Puget Sound Naval Shipyard & Intermediate Maintenance Facility