Thiocyanic acid

Thiocyanic acid is a chemical compound with the formula HSCN which exists as a tautomer with isothiocyanic acid (HNCS).^[3] The iso- form tends to dominate with the material being about 95% isothiocyanic acid in the vapor phase.^[4]

Tautomerism between thiocyanic acid (left) and isothiocyanic acid (right)

It is a weak acid, bordering on strong, with a pK_a of 1.1 at 20 °C and extrapolated to zero ionic strength.^[5]

HSCN is predicted to have a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen. It has been observed spectroscopically but has not been isolated as a pure substance.^[6]

The salts and esters of thiocyanic acid are known as thiocyanates. The salts are composed of the thiocyanate ion (⁻SCN) and a suitable metal cation (e.g., potassium thiocyanate, KSCN). The esters of thiocyanic acid have the general structure R–SCN.

References

↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9257.
↑ "thiocyanic acid (CHEBI:29200)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest. USA: European Bioinformatics Institute. 18 October 2009. Main. Retrieved 5 June 2012.
↑ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
↑ Beard, C. I.; Dailey, B. P. (1950). "The Structure and Dipole Moment of Isothiocyanic Acid". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 18 (11): 1437. doi:10.1063/1.1747507.
↑ Martell, A. E.; Smith, R. M.; Motelaitis, R. J. (2001). NIST Database 46. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
↑ Wierzejewska, M.; Mielke, Z. (2001). "Photolysis of Isothiocyanic Acid HNCS in Low-Temperature Matrices. Infrared Detection of HSCN and HSNC Isomers". Chemical Physics Letters. 349: 227–234. doi:10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01180-0.

Molecules detected in outer space

Molecules

Diatomic	Aluminium monochloride Aluminium monofluoride Aluminium monoxide Argonium Carbon monophosphide Carbon monosulfide Carbon monoxide Carborundum Cyanogen radical Diatomic carbon Fluoromethylidynium Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen (molecular) Hydroxyl radical Iron(II) oxide Magnesium monohydride cation Methylidyne radical Nitric oxide Nitrogen (molecular) Nitrogen monohydride Nitrogen sulfide Oxygen (molecular) Phosphorus monoxide Phosphorus mononitride Potassium chloride Silicon carbide Silicon mononitride Silicon monoxide Silicon monosulfide Sodium chloride Sodium iodide Sulfur monohydride Sulfur monoxide Titanium oxide

Triatomic	Aluminium hydroxide Aluminium isocyanide Amino radical Carbon dioxide Carbonyl sulfide CCP radical Chloronium Diazenylium Dicarbon monoxide Disilicon carbide Ethynyl radical Formyl radical Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) Hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) Hydrogen sulfide Hydroperoxyl Iron cyanide Isoformyl Magnesium cyanide Magnesium isocyanide Methylene radical N₂H⁺ Nitrous oxide Nitroxyl Ozone Phosphaethyne Potassium cyanide Protonated molecular hydrogen Sodium cyanide Sodium hydroxide Silicon carbonitride c-Silicon dicarbide Silicon naphthalocyanine Sulfur dioxide Thioformyl Thioxoethenylidene Titanium dioxide Tricarbon Water

Four atoms	Acetylene Ammonia Cyanic acid Cyanoethynyl Cyclopropynylidyne Formaldehyde Fulminic acid HCCN Hydrogen peroxide Hydromagnesium isocyanide Isocyanic acid Isothiocyanic acid Ketenyl Methylene amidogen Methyl radical Propynylidyne Protonated carbon dioxide Protonated hydrogen cyanide Silicon tricarbide Thioformaldehyde Tricarbon monoxide Tricarbon sulfide Thiocyanic acid

Five atoms	Ammonium ion Butadiynyl Carbodiimide Cyanamide Cyanoacetylene Cyanoformaldehyde Cyanomethyl Cyclopropenylidene Formic acid Isocyanoacetylene Ketene Methane Methoxy radical Methylenimine Propadienylidene Protonated formaldehyde Protonated formaldehyde Silane Silicon-carbide cluster

Six atoms	Acetonitrile Cyanobutadiynyl radical E-Cyanomethanimine Cyclopropenone Diacetylene Ethylene Formamide HC₄N Ketenimine Methanethiol Methanol Methyl isocyanide Pentynylidyne Propynal Protonated cyanoacetylene

Seven atoms	Acetaldehyde Acrylonitrile Cyanodiacetylene Ethylene oxide Hexatriynyl radical Methylacetylene Methylamine Methyl isocyanate Vinyl alcohol

Eight atoms	Acetic acid Aminoacetonitrile Cyanoallene Ethanimine Glycolaldehyde Heptatrienyl radical Hexapentaenylidene Methylcyanoacetylene Methyl formate Propenal

Nine atoms	Acetamide Cyanohexatriyne Cyanotriacetylene Dimethyl ether Ethanol Methyldiacetylene Octatetraynyl radical Propene Propionitrile

Ten atoms or more	Acetone Benzene Buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀ fullerene, buckyball) C₇₀ fullerene Cyanodecapentayne Cyanopentaacetylene Cyanotetra-acetylene Ethylene glycol Ethyl formate Methyl acetate Methyl-cyano-diacetylene Methyltriacetylene Propanal n-Propyl cyanide Pyrimidine

Deuterated
molecules

Unconfirmed

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Hydrogen compounds

Sulfur compounds

Al₂S₃ As₂S₂ As₂S₃ As₅S₂ As₄S₄ Au₂S₃ B₂S₃ BaS BeS Bi₂S₃ Br₂S₂ CS₂ C₃S₂ CaS CdS CeS SCl₂ S₂Cl₂ CoS Cr₂S₃ CuS D₂S Dy₂S₃ Er₂S₃ EuS SF₄ SF₆ FeS₂ GaS H₂S HfS₂ HgS InS LaS LiS MgS MoS₃ NiS SO₂ SO₃ P₄S₇ PbS PbS₂ PtS ReS₂ SrS TlS SV SeS₂ S₂U WS₂ Sb₂S₅ Sm₂S₃ Y₂S₃ Ag₂SO₄ SOBr₂ CSTe C₂H₄S C₂H₆S₃ C₄H₄S CaSO₄ C₃₂H₆₆S₂ CuFeS₂ H₂SO₄ H₂SO₃ F₂OS NaHS K₂SO₃ O₃S₃Sb₄ Yb₂(SO₄)₃ AlKO₈S₂ CHCl₃S KSCN CdSO₃ PSCl₃ SOCl₂ Cs₂O₄S Re₂S₇ Na₂S K₂S H₂S₂O₇ H₂SO₅ NH₅S HgSO₄ K₂SO₄ RaSO₄ SnSO₄ SrSO₄ Zr(SO₄)₂ Ti(SO₄)₂ Tm₂(SO₄)₃ AlNa(SO₄)₂ Er₂(SO₄)₃ Eu₂(SO₄)₃ CHNS Co(SCN)₂ C₂H₃SN PSI₃ ZrS₂ SiS CSSe

Chemical formulas

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