UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
UNESCO established its lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring the better protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their significance.[1] Through a compendium of the different oral and intangible treasures of humankind worldwide, the program aims to draw attention to the importance of safeguarding intangible heritage, which UNESCO has identified as an essential component and as a repository of cultural diversity and of creative expression.[2][3]
The list was established in 2008 when the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage took effect.
As of 2010 the programme compiles two lists. The longer Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity comprises cultural "practices and expressions [that] help demonstrate the diversity of this heritage and raise awareness about its importance." The shorter List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding is composed of those cultural elements that concerned communities and countries consider require urgent measures to keep them alive.[4][5]
In 2013 four elements were inscribed on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, which helps States Parties mobilize international cooperation and assistance to ensure the transmission of this heritage with the participation of the concerned communities. The Urgent Safeguarding List now numbers 35 elements. The Committee also inscribed 25 elements on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, which serves to raise awareness of intangible heritage and provide recognition to communities’ traditions and know-how that reflect their cultural diversity. The List does not attribute or recognize any standard of excellence or exclusivity. Four of the 158 States Parties to the Convention—Ethiopia, the Republic of Macedonia, Niger and Ukraine — had their first inscriptions on that List, which as of 2010 totalled 281 elements.[4]
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
The Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity contains intangible cultural heritage elements that "help demonstrate the diversity of [cultural] heritage and raise awareness about its importance".[6]
Member state | Element[A] | Year Proclaimed[B] | Year Inscribed[C] | Region[D] | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albania | Albanian folk iso-polyphony | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [7] |
Algeria | Ahellil of Gourara | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [8] |
Rites and craftsmanship associated with the wedding costume tradition of Tlemcen | 2012 | AST | [9] | ||
Annual pilgrimage to the mausoleum of Sidi 'Abd el-Qader Ben Mohammed (Sidi Cheikh) | 2013 | AST | [10] | ||
Ritual and ceremonies of Sebeïba in the oasis of Djanet, Algeria | 2014 | AST | [11] | ||
Sbuâ, annual pilgrimage to the zawiya of Sidi El Hadj Belkacem in Gourara | 2015 | AST | [12] | ||
Algeria Mali Niger |
Practices and knowledge linked to the Imzad of the Tuareg communities of Algeria, Mali and Niger | 2013 | AFR, AST | [13] | |
Andorra Spain France |
Summer solstice fire festivals in the Pyrenees | 2015 | ENA | [14] | |
Argentina | Filete porteño in Buenos Aires, a traditional painting technique | 2015 | LAC | [15] | |
Argentina Uruguay |
Tango | 2009 | LAC | [16] | |
Armenia | Duduk and its music | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [17] |
Armenian cross-stones art. Symbolism and craftsmanship of Khachkars | 2010 | ENA | [18] | ||
Performance of the Armenian epic of 'Daredevils of Sassoun' or 'David of Sassoun' | 2012 | ENA | [19] | ||
Lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armenia | 2014 | ENA | [20] | ||
Austria | Schemenlaufen, the carnival of Imst, Austria | 2012 | ENA | [21] | |
Classical horsemanship and the High School of the Spanish Riding School Vienna | 2015 | ENA | [22] | ||
Azerbaijan | Azerbaijani Mugham | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [23] |
Art of Azerbaijani Ashiq | 2009 | APA | [24] | ||
Traditional art of Azerbaijani carpet weaving in the Republic of Azerbaijan | 2010 | APA | [25] | ||
Craftsmanship and performance art of the Tar, a long-necked string musical instrument | 2012 | APA | [26] | ||
Traditional art and symbolism of Kelaghayi, making and wearing women's silk headscarves | 2014 | APA | [27] | ||
Copper craftsmanship of Lahij | 2015 | APA | [28] | ||
Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan | Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | APA | [29] | |
Bangladesh | Baul songs | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [30] |
Traditional art of Jamdani weaving | 2013 | APA | [31] | ||
Mangal Shobhajatra | 2016 | APA | [32] | ||
United Arab Emirates, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, France, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea, Mongolia, Morocco, Pakistan, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Syrian Arab Republic | Falconry, a living human heritage | 2010 | AFR, APA, AST, ENA | [33] | |
Belgium | Carnival of Binche | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [34] |
Procession of the Holy Blood in Bruges | 2009 | ENA | [35] | ||
Aalst carnival | 2010 | ENA | [36] | ||
Houtem Jaarmarkt, annual winter fair and livestock market at Sint-Lievens-Houtem | 2010 | ENA | [37] | ||
Krakelingen and Tonnekensbrand, end-of-winter bread and fire feast at Geraardsbergen | 2010 | ENA | [38] | ||
Leuven age set ritual repertoire | 2011 | ENA | [39] | ||
Marches of Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse | 2012 | ENA | [40] | ||
Shrimp fishing on horseback in Oostduinkerke | 2013 | ENA | [41] | ||
Beer culture in Belgium | 2016 | ENA | [42] | ||
Belgium France |
Processional giants and dragons in Belgium and France | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [43] |
Belize Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua |
Language, dance and music of the Garifuna | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [44] |
Benin Nigeria Togo |
Oral heritage of Gelede | 2001 | 2008 | AFR | [45] |
Bhutan | Mask dance of the drums from Drametse | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [46] |
Bolivia | Andean cosmovision of the Kallawaya | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [47] |
Carnival of Oruro | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [48] | |
Ichapekene Piesta, the biggest festival of San Ignacio de Moxos | 2012 | LAC | [49] | ||
Pujllay and Ayarichi, music and dances of the Yampara culture | 2014 | LAC | [50] | ||
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Zmijanje embroidery | 2014 | ENA | [51] | |
Brazil | Oral and graphic expressions of the Wajapi | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [52] |
Samba de Roda of the Recôncavo of Bahia | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [53] | |
Frevo, performing arts of the Carnival of Recife | 2012 | LAC | [54] | ||
Círio de Nazaré (The Taper of Our Lady of Nazareth) in the city of Belém, Pará | 2013 | LAC | [55] | ||
Capoeira circle | 2014 | LAC | [56] | ||
Bulgaria | Bistritsa Babi, archaic polyphony, dances and rituals from the Shoplouk region | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [57] |
Nestinarstvo, messages from the past: the Panagyr of Saints Constantine and Helena in the village of Bulgari | 2009 | ENA | [58] | ||
The tradition of carpet-making in Chiprovtsi | 2014 | ENA | [59] | ||
Surova folk feast in Pernik region | 2015 | ENA | [60] | ||
Burkina Faso Mali Côte d'Ivoire |
Cultural practices and expressions linked to the balafon of the Senufo communities of Mali, Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire | 2012 | AFR | [61] | |
Burundi | Ritual dance of the royal drum | 2014 | AFR | [62] | |
Cambodia | Royal ballet of Cambodia | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [63] |
Sbek Thom, Khmer shadow theatre | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [64] | |
Cambodia Philippines Republic of Korea Viet Nam |
Tugging rituals and games | 2015 | APA | [65] | |
Central African Republic | Polyphonic singing of the Aka Pygmies of Central Africa | 2003 | 2008 | AFR | [66] |
Chile | Baile Chino | 2014 | LAC | [67] | |
China | Kun Qu opera | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [68] |
Guqin and its music | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [69] | |
Uyghur Muqam of Xinjiang | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [70] | |
Art of Chinese seal engraving | 2009 | APA | [71] | ||
China engraved block printing technique | 2009 | APA | [72] | ||
Chinese calligraphy | 2009 | APA | [73] | ||
Chinese paper-cut | 2009 | APA | [74] | ||
Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures | 2009 | APA | [75] | ||
Craftsmanship of Nanjing Yunjin brocade | 2009 | APA | [76] | ||
Dragon Boat festival | 2009 | APA | [77] | ||
Farmers' dance of China’s Korean ethnic group | 2009 | APA | [78] | ||
Gesar epic tradition | 2009 | APA | [79] | ||
Grand song of the Dong ethnic group | 2009 | APA | [80] | ||
Hua'er | 2009 | APA | [81] | ||
Manas | 2009 | APA | [82] | ||
Mazu belief and customs | 2009 | APA | [83] | ||
Nanyin | 2009 | APA | [84] | ||
Regong arts | 2009 | APA | [85] | ||
Sericulture and silk craftsmanship of China | 2009 | APA | [86] | ||
Tibetan opera | 2009 | APA | [87] | ||
Traditional firing technology of Longquan celadon | 2009 | APA | [88] | ||
Traditional handicrafts of making Xuan paper | 2009 | APA | [89] | ||
Xi'an wind and percussion ensemble | 2009 | APA | [90] | ||
Yueju opera | 2009 | APA | [91] | ||
Acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine | 2010 | APA | [92] | ||
Peking opera | 2010 | APA | [93] | ||
Chinese shadow puppetry | 2011 | APA | [94] | ||
Strategy for training coming generations of Fujian puppetry practitioners | 2012 | APA | [95] | ||
Chinese Zhusuan, knowledge and practices of mathematical calculation through the abacus | 2013 | APA | [96] | ||
The Twenty-Four Solar Terms, knowledge of time and practices developed in China through observation of the sun’s annual motion | 2016 | APA | [97] | ||
China Mongolia |
Mongolian Urtiin Duu – Traditional Folk Long Song | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [98] |
Mongolian art of singing: Khoomei | 2010 | APA | |||
Colombia | Carnival of Barranquilla | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [99] |
Cultural space of Palenque de San Basilio | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [100] | |
Carnaval de Negros y Blancos | 2009 | LAC | [101] | ||
Holy Week processions in Popayán | 2009 | LAC | [102] | ||
Wayuu normative system, applied by the Pütchipü’üi (palabrero) | 2010 | LAC | [103] | ||
Traditional knowledge of the jaguar shamans of Yuruparí | 2011 | LAC | [104] | ||
Festival of Saint Francis of Assisi, Quibdó | 2012 | LAC | [105] | ||
Colombia Ecuador |
Marimba music, traditional chants and dances from the Colombia South Pacific region and Esmeraldas Province of Ecuador | 2015 | LAC | [106] | |
Costa Rica | Oxherding and oxcart traditions in Costa Rica | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [107] |
Côte d'Ivoire | Gbofe of Afounkaha, the music of the transverse trumps of the Tagbana community | 2001 | 2008 | AFR | [108] |
Croatia | |||||
Annual carnival bell ringers' pageant from the Kastav area | 2009 | ENA | [109] | ||
Festivity of Saint Blaise, the patron of Dubrovnik | 2009 | ENA | [110] | ||
Lacemaking in Croatia | 2009 | ENA | [111] | ||
Procession Za Krizen ('following the cross') on the island of Hvar | 2009 | ENA | [112] | ||
Spring procession of Ljelje/Kraljice (queens) from Gorjani | 2009 | ENA | [113] | ||
Traditional manufacturing of children’s wooden toys in Hrvatsko Zagorje | 2009 | ENA | [114] | ||
Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale | 2009 | ENA | [115] | ||
Gingerbread craft from Northern Croatia | 2010 | ENA | [116] | ||
Sinjska alka, a knights’ tournament in Sinj | 2010 | ENA | [117] | ||
Bećarac singing and playing from Eastern Croatia | 2011 | ENA | [118] | ||
Nijemo Kolo, silent circle dance of the Dalmatian hinterland | 2011 | ENA | [119] | ||
Klapa multipart singing of Dalmatia, southern Croatia | 2012 | ENA | [120] | ||
Cuba | La Tumba Francesa | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [121] |
Cyprus | Lefkara laces or Lefkaritika | 2009 | ENA | [122] | |
Tsiattista poetic duelling | 2011 | ENA | [123] | ||
Czech Republic | Slovácko Verbuňk, recruit dances | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [124] |
Shrovetide door-to-door processions and masks in the villages of the Hlinecko area | 2010 | ENA | [125] | ||
Ride of the Kings in the south-east of the Czech Republic | 2011 | ENA | [126] | ||
Democratic People's Republic of Korea | Arirang folk song in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 2014 | APA | [127] | |
Tradition of kimchi-making in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 2015 | APA | [128] | ||
Dominican Republic | Cultural Space of the Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [129] |
Cocolo Dance Drama Tradition | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [130] | |
Ecuador | Traditional weaving of the Ecuadorian toquilla straw hat | 2012 | LAC | [131] | |
Ecuador Peru |
Oral heritage and cultural manifestations of the Zápara people | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [132] |
Egypt | The Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah Epic | 2003 | 2008 | AST | [133] |
Estonia | Kihnu cultural space | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [134] |
Seto Leelo, Seto polyphonic singing tradition | 2009 | ENA | [135] | ||
Smoke sauna tradition in Võromaa | 2014 | ENA | [136] | ||
Estonia Latvia Lithuania |
Baltic (Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian) song and dance celebrations | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [137] |
Ethiopia | Commemoration feast of the finding of the True Holy Cross of Christ | 2013 | AFR | [138] | |
Fichee-Chambalaalla, New Year festival of the Sidama people | 2015 | AFR | [139] | ||
France | Aubusson tapestry | 2009 | ENA | [140] | |
Maloya | 2009 | ENA | [141] | ||
Scribing tradition in French timber framing | 2009 | ENA | [142] | ||
Compagnonnage, network for on-the-job transmission of knowledge and identities | 2010 | ENA | [143] | ||
Craftsmanship of Alençon needle lace-making | 2010 | ENA | [144] | ||
Gastronomic meal of the French | 2010 | ENA | [145] | ||
Equitation in the French tradition | 2011 | ENA | [146] | ||
Fest-Noz, festive gathering based on the collective practice of traditional dances of Brittany | 2012 | ENA | [147] | ||
Limousin septennial ostensions | 2013 | ENA | [148] | ||
Gwoka: music, song, dance and cultural practice representative of Guadeloupean identity | 2014 | ENA | [149] | ||
Gambia Senegal |
Kankurang, Manding initiatory rite | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [150] |
Georgia | Georgian polyphonic singing | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [151] |
Ancient Georgian traditional Qvevri wine-making method | 2013 | ENA | [152] | ||
Living culture of three writing systems of the Georgian alphabet | 2016 | ENA | [153] | ||
Germany | Idea and practice of organizing shared interests in cooperatives | 2016 | ENA | [154] | |
Greece | Know-how of cultivating mastic on the island of Chios | 2014 | ENA | [155] | |
Tinian marble craftsmanship | 2015 | ENA | [156] | ||
Greece Italy Spain Morocco Portugal Croatia Cyprus |
Mediterranean diet
(In 2010, Italy, Spain, Greece and Morocco were the first to be recognised, but on December 4, 2013, Portugal, Cyprus and Croatia were also recognised by UNESCO.) |
2013 | ENA, AFR | [157] | |
Guatemala | Rabinal Achí dance drama tradition | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [158] |
Guinea | Cultural space of Sosso-Bala | 2001 | 2008 | AFR | [159] |
Hungary | Busó festivities at Mohács: masked end-of-winter carnival custom | 2009 | ENA | [160] | |
Folk art of the Matyó, embroidery of a traditional community | 2012 | ENA | [161] | ||
Kodály method | 2016 | ENA | [162] | ||
India | Koodiyattam, Sanskrit Theatre, Kerala | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [163] |
Mudiyett: a ritual theatre of Kerala | 2010 | APA | [164] | ||
The Tradition of Vedic Chanting | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [165] | |
Ramlila – the Traditional Performance of the Ramayana | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [166] | |
Ramman: religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas | 2009 | APA | [167] | ||
Kalbelia: folk songs and dances of Rajasthan | 2010 | APA | [168] | ||
Chhau dance: a tradition from eastern India | 2010 | APA | |||
Buddhist chanting of Ladakh: recitation of sacred Buddhist texts in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India | 2012 | APA | [169] | ||
Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur | 2013 | APA | [170] | ||
Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab | 2014 | APA | [171] | ||
Yoga | 2016 | APA | [172] | ||
Indonesia | Wayang Puppet Theatre | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [173] |
Indonesian Kris | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [174] | |
Indonesian Batik | 2009 | APA | [175] | ||
Indonesian Angklung | 2010 | APA | [176] | ||
Iran | Radif of Iranian music | 2009 | APA | [177] | |
Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | ENA | [178] | ||
Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Kashan | 2010 | APA | [179] | ||
Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Fars | 2010 | APA | [180] | ||
Ritual dramatic art of Ta‘zīye | 2010 | APA | [181] | ||
Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals | 2010 | APA | [182] | ||
Music of the Bakhshis of Khorasan | 2010 | APA | [183] | ||
Qālišuyān rituals of Mašhad-e Ardehāl in Kāšān | 2012 | APA | [184] | ||
Iraq | The Iraqi Maqam | 2003 | 2008 | AST | [185] |
Italy | Opera dei Pupi, Sicilian Puppet Theatre | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [186] |
Canto a tenore, Sardinian Pastoral Songs | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [187] | |
Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremona | 2012 | ENA | [188] | ||
Celebrations of big shoulder-borne processional structures | 2013 | ENA | [189] | ||
Traditional agricultural practice of cultivating the "vite ad alberello" (head-trained bush vines) of the community of Pantelleria | 2014 | ENA | [190] | ||
Jamaica | The Maroon Heritage of Moore Town | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [191] |
Japan | Nôgaku Theatre | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [192] |
Ningyo Johruri Bunraku Puppet Theatre | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [193] | |
Kabuki Theatre | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [194] | |
Akiu no Taue Odori | 2009 | APA | [195] | ||
Chakkirako | 2009 | APA | [196] | ||
Daimokutate | 2009 | APA | [197] | ||
Dainichido Bugaku | 2009 | APA | [198] | ||
Gagaku | 2009 | APA | [199] | ||
Hayachine Kagura | 2009 | APA | [200] | ||
Hitachi Furyumono | 2009 | APA | [201] | ||
Koshikijima no Toshidon | 2009 | APA | [202] | ||
Ojiya-chijimi, Echigo jofu: techniques of making ramie fabric in Uonuma region, Niigata Prefecture | 2009 | APA | [203] | ||
Oku-noto no Aenokoto | 2009 | APA | [204] | ||
Traditional Ainu dance | 2009 | APA | [205] | ||
Yamahoko, the float ceremony of the Kyoto Gion festival | 2009 | APA | [206] | ||
Kumiodori, traditional Okinawan musical theatre | 2010 | APA | [207] | ||
Yuki tsumugi, silk fabric production technique | 2010 | APA | [208] | ||
Mibu no Hana Taue, ritual of transplanting rice in Mibu, Hiroshima | 2011 | APA | [209] | ||
Sada Shin Noh, sacred dancing at Sada shrine, Shimane | 2011 | APA | [210] | ||
Nachi no Dengaku, a religious performing art held at the Nachi fire festival | 2012 | APA | [211] | ||
Washoku, traditional dietary cultures of the Japanese, notably for the celebration of New Year | 2013 | APA | [212] | ||
Washi, craftsmanship of traditional Japanese hand-made paper[213] | 2014 | APA | [214] | ||
Jordan | The Cultural Space of the Bedu in Petra and Wadi Rum | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [215] |
Kyrgyzstan | The Art of Akyns, Kyrgyz Epic Tellers | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [216] |
Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | ENA | [178] | ||
Lebanon | Zajal, recited or sung poetry | 2003 | 2014 | APA | [217] |
Lithuania | Cross-crafting and its Symbolism | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [218] |
Sutartinės, Lithuanian multipart songs | 2010 | ENA | [219] | ||
Luxembourg | Hopping procession of Echternach | 2010 | ENA | [220] | |
Republic of Macedonia | Feast of the Holy Forty Martyrs in Štip | 2013 | ENA | [221] | |
Kopachkata, a social dance from the village of Dramche, Pijanec | 2014 | ENA | [222] | ||
Madagascar | The Woodcrafting Knowledge of the Zafimaniry | 2003 | 2008 | AFR | [223] |
Malawi | The Vimbuza Healing Dance | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [224] |
Tchopa, sacrificial dance of the Lhomwe people of southern Malawi | 2014 | AFR | [224] | ||
Malawi Mozambique Zambia |
The Gule Wamkulu | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [225] |
Malaysia | Mak Yong Theatre | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [226] |
Mali | The Cultural Space of the Yaaral and Degal | 2003 | 2008 | AFR | [227] |
The Manden Charter, proclaimed in Kurukan Fuga | 2009 | AFR | |||
The septennial re-roofing ceremony of the Kamablon, sacred house of Kangaba | 2009 | AFR | |||
Coming forth of the masks and puppets in Markala | 2014 | AFR | |||
Mexico | The Indigenous Festivity dedicated to the Dead | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [228] |
Places of memory and living traditions of the Otomí-Chichimecas people of Tolimán: the Peña de Bernal, guardian of a sacred territory | 2009 | LAC | [229] | ||
Ritual ceremony of the Voladores: Papantla, El Tajín | 2009 | LAC | [230] | ||
Traditional Mexican cuisine – ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm | 2010 | LAC | [231] | ||
Parachicos in the traditional January feast of Chiapa de Corzo | 2010 | LAC | [233] | ||
Pirekua, traditional song of the Purépecha | 2010 | LAC | [234] | ||
Mariachi, string music, song and trumpet | 2011 | LAC | [235] | ||
Charrería, equestrian tradition in Mexico | 2016 | LAC | [236] | ||
Moldova | The Christmas Carols in masculine horde (shared with Romania) | 2013 | ENA | ||
Mongolia | The Traditional Music of the Morin Khuur | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [237][238] |
Traditional epic poem | 2009 | ||||
Tsuur end-blown flute | 2009 | ||||
The Traditional Naadam festival | 2010 | APA | [239] | ||
Falconry | 2012 | [240][241] | |||
Traditional craftsmanship of the Mongol Ger and its associated customs | 2013 | [237] | |||
Mongolian knuckle-bone shooting | 2014 | APA | [239] | ||
Morocco | The Cultural Space of Jemaa el-Fna Square | 2001 | 2008 | AST | [242] |
The Moussem of Tan-Tan | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [243] | |
Argan, practices and know-how concerning the argan tree | 2014 | AST | [243] | ||
Mozambique | The Chopi Timbila | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [244] |
Mauritius | Traditional Mauritian Sega | 2014 | AFR | [244] | |
Niger | Practices and expressions of joking relationships in Niger | 2014 | AFR | [245] | |
Nicaragua | El Güegüense | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [245] |
Nigeria | The Ifá Divination System | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [246] |
Ijele masquerade | 2009 | AFR | |||
Palestine | The Palestinian Hikaye | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [247] |
Peru | Taquile and its Textile Art | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [248] |
Huaconada, ritual dance of Mito | 2010 | LAC | [249] | ||
The scissors dance | 2010 | LAC | [250] | ||
Pilgrimage to the sanctuary of the Lord of Qoyllurit'i | 2011 | LAC | [251] | ||
Virgen de la Candelaria, Harákmbut sung prayers of Peru's Huachipaire people | 2014 | LAC | [252] | ||
Philippines | The Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [253] |
The Darangen Epic of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [254] | |
Portugal | The Fado, urban popular song of Portugal, performance genre incorporating music and poetry widely practised in the country and among emigrant communities | 2011 | ENA | [255] | |
The Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal | 2014 | ENA | [256] | ||
Republic of Korea | Royal Ancestral Ritual in the Jongmyo Shrine and its Music | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [257] |
Pansori Epic Chant | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [258] | |
Gangneung Danoje Festival | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [259] | |
Cheoyongmu | 2009 | APA | [260] | ||
Ganggangsullae | 2009 | APA | [261] | ||
Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut | 2009 | APA | [262] | ||
Namsadang Nori | 2009 | APA | [263] | ||
Yeongsanjae | 2009 | APA | [264] | ||
Daemokjang, traditional wooden architecture | 2010 | APA | [265] | ||
Gagok, lyric song cycles accompanied by an orchestra | 2010 | APA | [266] | ||
Jultagi, tightrope walking | 2011 | APA | [267] | ||
Taekkyeon, a traditional Korean martial art | 2011 | APA | [268] | ||
Weaving of Mosi (fine ramie) in the Hansan region | 2011 | APA | [269] | ||
Arirang, lyrical folk song in the Republic of Korea | 2012 | APA | [270] | ||
Kimjang, making and sharing Kimchi in the Republic of Korea | 2013 | APA | [271] | ||
Nongak, community band music, dance and rituals in the Republic of Korea | 2014 | APA | [272] | ||
Culture of Jeju Haenyeo (women divers) | 2014 | 2016 | APA | [273] | |
Romania | The Căluș tradition | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [274] |
Doina | 2009 | ENA | |||
The Horezu ceramics | 2012 | ENA | |||
The Christmas carols in masculine horde (shared with Moldova) | 2013 | ENA | |||
Lad's dances | 2015 | ENA | [275][276] | ||
Russia | The Cultural Space and Oral Culture of the Semeiskie | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [277] |
The Olonkho, Yakut Heroic Epos | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [278] | |
Serbia | Slava, celebration of family saint patron’s day | 2014 | ENA | [279] | |
Slovakia | The Fujara and its Music | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [280] |
Spain | The Mystery Play of Elche | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [281] |
The Patum of Berga | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [282] | |
Irrigators' tribunals of the Spanish Mediterranean coast: the Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia and the Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia | 2009 | ENA | |||
Whistled language of the island of La Gomera | 2009 | ENA | |||
Human towers | 2010 | ENA | |||
Flamenco | 2010 | ENA | |||
The chant of the Sybil on Majorca | 2010 | ENA | |||
Festivity of 'la Mare de Déu de la Salut' of Algemesí | 2011 | ENA | [283] | ||
Tonga | The Lakalaka, Dances and Sung Speeches of Tonga | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [284] |
Turkey | The Arts of the Meddah, Public Storytellers | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [285] |
The Mevlevi Sema Ceremony | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [286] | |
Karagöz and Hacivat | 2009 | ENA | [287] | ||
Âşıklık tradition | 2009 | ENA | [288] | ||
Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | ENA | [289] | ||
Traditional Sohbet meetings | 2010 | ENA | [290] | ||
Kırkpınar oil wrestling festival | 2010 | ENA | [291] | ||
Semah, Alevi-Bektaşi ritual | 2010 | ENA | [292] | ||
Ceremonial Keşkek tradition | 2011 | ENA | [293] | ||
Mesir Macunu festival | 2012 | ENA | [294] | ||
Turkish coffee culture and tradition | 2013 | ENA | [295] | ||
Ebru, Turkish art of marbling | 2014 | ENA | [296] | ||
Uganda | Barkcloth Making in Uganda | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [297] |
Ukraine | Petrykivka decorative painting as a phenomenon of the Ukrainian ornamental folk art | 2013 | ENA | [298] | |
Uruguay | The Candombe and its socio-cultural space: a community practice | 2009 | LAC | ||
Uzbekistan | The Cultural Space of the Boysun District | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [299] |
Shashmaqom Music | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [300] | |
Katta Ashula | 2009 | APA | |||
Vanuatu | Vanuatu Sand Drawings | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [301] |
Venezuela | Dancing Devils of Corpus Christi | 2012 | LAC | [302] | |
Viet Nam | Nhã nhạc, Vietnamese Court Music | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [303] |
The Space of Gong Culture | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [304] | |
The Quan Họ Bắc Ninh folk songs | 2009 | APA | [305] | ||
The Gióng Festival at Phù Đổng and Sóc Temples | 2010 | APA | [306] | ||
The Worship of Hùng Kings in Phú Thọ | 2012 | APA | [307] | ||
The Art of Đờn ca tài tử music and song in southern Việt Nam | 2013 | APA | [308] | ||
The Ví and Giặm folk songs of Nghệ Tĩnh | 2014 | APA | [309] | ||
Yemen | The Song of Sana'a | 2003 | 2008 | AST | [310] |
Zambia | The Makishi Masquerade | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [311] |
Zimbabwe | The Mbende Jerusarema Dance | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [312] |
List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding
The List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding contains intangible cultural heritage elements "that concerned communities and States Parties consider require urgent measures to keep them alive".[6]
Member state | Element[A] | Year Inscribed[C] | Region[D] | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Azerbaijan | Chovqan, a traditional Karabakh horse-riding game in the Republic of Azerbaijan | 2013 | ENA | [313] |
Belarus | Rite of the Kalyady Tsars (Christmas Tsars) | 2009 | ENA | [314] |
Botswana | Earthenware pottery-making skills in Botswana's Kgatleng District | 2012 | AFR | [315] |
Brazil | Yaokwa, the Enawene Nawe people's ritual for the maintenance of social and cosmic order | 2011 | LAC | [316] |
China | Traditional design and practices for building Chinese wooden arch bridges | 2009 | APA | [317] |
Traditional Li textile techniques: spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidering | 2009 | APA | [318] | |
Qiang New Year festival | 2009 | APA | [319] | |
Meshrep | 2010 | APA | [320] | |
Watertight-bulkhead technology of Chinese junks | 2010 | APA | [321] | |
Wooden movable-type printing of China | 2010 | APA | [322] | |
Hezhen Yimakan storytelling | 2011 | APA | [323] | |
Colombia | Traditional Vallenato music of the Greater Magdalena region | 2015 | LAC | [324] |
Croatia | Ojkanje singing | 2010 | ENA | [325] |
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | Glasoechko, male two-part singing in Dolni Polog | 2015 | ENA | [326] |
France | Cantu in paghjella, a secular and liturgical oral tradition of Corsica | 2009 | ENA | [327] |
Guatemala | Nan Pa'ch ceremony | 2013 | LAC | [328] |
Hungary | Táncház method in the teaching of traditional Hungarian folk dancing | 2011 | ENA | [329] |
Indonesia | Saman dance | 2011 | APA | [330] |
Noken multifunctional knotted or woven bag, handcraft of the people of Papua | 2012 | APA | [331] | |
Iran (Islamic Republic of) | Naqqāli, Iranian dramatic story-telling | 2011 | APA | [332] |
Traditional skills of building and sailing Iranian Lenj boats in the Persian Gulf | 2011 | APA | [333] | |
Kenya | Traditions and practices associated with the Kayas in the sacred forests of the Mijikenda | 2009 | AFR | [334] |
Isukuti dance of Isukha and Idakho communities of Western Kenya | 2014 | AFR | [335] | |
Kyrgyzstan | Ala-kiyiz and Shyrdak, art of Kyrgyz traditional felt carpets | 2012 | APA | [336] |
Latvia | Suiti cultural space | 2009 | ENA | [337] |
Mali | Sanké mon, collective fishing rite of the Sanké | 2009 | AFR | [338] |
Secret society of the Kôrêdugaw, the rite of wisdom in Mali | 2011 | AFR | [339] | |
Mauritania | Moorish epic T'heydinn | 2011 | AST | [340] |
Mongolia | Mongol Biyelgee, Mongolian traditional folk dance | 2009 | APA | [341] |
Mongol Tuuli, Mongolian epic | 2009 | APA | [342] | |
Folk long song performance technique of Limbe performances - circular breathing | 2011 | APA | [343] | |
Mongolian calligraphy | 2013 | APA | [344] | |
Coaxing ritual for camels | 2015 | APA | [345] | |
Peru | Eshuva, Harákmbut sung prayers of Peru's Huachipaire people | 2011 | LAC | [346] |
Portugal | Manufacture of cowbells | 2015 | ENA | [347] |
Uganda | Bigwala, gourd trumpet music and dance of the Busoga Kingdom in Uganda | 2012 | AFR | [348] |
Empaako tradition of the Batooro, Banyoro, Batuku, Batagwenda and Banyabindi of western Uganda | 2013 | AFR | [349] | |
Male-child cleansing ceremony of the Lango of central northern Uganda | 2014 | AFR | [350] | |
Koogere oral tradition of the Basongora, Banyabindi and Batooro peoples | 2015 | AFR | [351] | |
United Arab Emirates | Al Sadu traditional weaving skills in the United Arab Emirates | 2011 | AST | [352] |
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | Mapoyo oral tradition and its symbolic reference points within their ancestral territory | 2014 | LAC | [353] |
Viet Nam | Ca trù singing | 2009 | APA | [354] |
Xoan singing of Phú Thọ Province, Viet Nam | 2011 | APA | [355] | |
Statistics
Ratification
States that ratified the Convention, by region:
Proclamation | UNESCO Member States | States Parties to the Convention | % States Parties – UNESCO Member States by region |
---|---|---|---|
Western Europe and North America | 27 | 19 | 70% |
Eastern Europe | 25 | 24 | 96% |
Latin America and Caribbean | 33 | 29 | 88% |
Asia and Pacific | 44 | 31 | 75% |
Africa | 47 | 39 | 79% |
Arab States | 19 | 16 | 84% |
TOTAL | 195 | 158 | 80% |
Elements inscribed in 2008–2013
Total of inscriptions to date: 337, of which 18 are multinational
Region | Elements / programmes | Submitting States |
---|---|---|
Africa | 27 | 20 |
Arab States | 19 | 13 |
Asia and the Pacific | 132 | 17 |
Europe and North America | 19 | 17[E] |
Latin America and the Caribbean | 48 | 18 |
Eastern Europe | 55 | 20 |
Total | 337 | 98 |
Proclaimed masterpieces
The Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage were established in 2008, when the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage took effect.[356] Prior to this, a project known as the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity has already been active in recognizing the value of intangibles such as tradition, custom and cultural spaces and the local actors who sustain these forms of cultural expressions through a Proclamation.[2] Identification of the Masterpieces also entails the commitment of states to promote and safeguard these treasures, while UNESCO finances plans for their conservation.[2] Started in 2001 and held biennially until 2005, a total of three Proclamations occurred, encompassing 90 forms of intangible heritage around the world.[3]
The 90 previously proclaimed Masterpieces have been incorporated into the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as its first entries, to be known as elements.[1][357] Subsequent elements will be added following the assessment of nominations submitted by national governments acceding to the UNESCO Convention, termed as member states, who are each allowed to submit a single candidature file, in addition to multi-national candidatures. A panel of experts in intangible heritage and an appointed body, known as the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, then examine each of the nominations before officially inscribing the candidates as elements on the List.[358]
See also
- List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Eastern Europe
- List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Northern Europe
- UNESCO Collection of Representative Works
- World Heritage Site
- Memory of the World Programme
- Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Korea
- Intangible Cultural Properties of Japan
Notes and references
Notes
^ A. Names and spellings used for the elements were based on the official List as published.
^ B. A total of three Proclamations of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity were made in 2001, 2003 and 2005. The proclamation was superseded in 2008 when the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity was established.[359]
^ C. The 90 elements that were previously proclaimed as Masterpieces have been inscribed onto the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as per the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
^ D. Grouping of member states by region is based on the official List as published. Abbreviations were used for convenience:
- AFR: Africa
- AST: Arab States
- APA: Asia and the Pacific
- ENA: Europe and North America
- LAC: Latin America and the Caribbean
^ E. The Transcaucasian States of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, and Russian Federation are included in the Europe and North America Region.
References
- 1 2 Compare: "Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage 2003". UNESCO. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
In order to ensure better visibility of the intangible cultural heritage and awareness of its significance, and to encourage dialogue which respects cultural diversity, the Committee, upon the proposal of the States Parties concerned, shall establish, keep up to date and publish a Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
- 1 2 3 "UNESCO ISSUES FIRST EVER PROCLAMATION OF MASTERPIECES OF THE ORAL AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE". UNESCO Press. 2001-05-18. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- 1 2 "The Samba of Roda and the Ramlila proclaimed Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity". UNESCO Press. 2005-11-25. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- 1 2 "Intangible Heritage Lists". UNESCO Press. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
- ↑ "Criteria and timetable of inscription on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding". UNESCO Press. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
- 1 2 "Purpose of the Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage and of the Register of Best Safeguarding Practices - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Albanian folk iso-polyphony - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Ahellil of Gourara - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Rites and craftsmanship associated with the wedding costume tradition of Tlemcen - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Annual pilgrimage to the mausoleum of Sidi 'Abd el-Qader Ben Mohammed (Sidi Cheikh) - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Ritual and ceremonies of Sebeïba in the oasis of Djanet, Algeria - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Sbuâ, annual pilgrimage to the zawiya of Sidi El Hadj Belkacem in Gourara - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Practices and knowledge linked to the Imzad of the Tuareg communities of Algeria, Mali and Niger - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Summer solstice fire festivals in the Pyrenees". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Filete porteño in Buenos Aires, a traditional painting technique". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Tango - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Duduk and its music - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Armenian cross-stones art. Symbolism and craftsmanship of Khachkars - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Performance of the Armenian epic of 'Daredevils of Sassoun' or 'David of Sassoun' - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armenia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Schemenlaufen, the carnival of Imst, Austria - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Classical horsemanship and the High School of the Spanish Riding School Vienna - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Azerbaijani Mugham - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Art of Azerbaijani Ashiq - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Traditional art of Azerbaijani carpet weaving in the Republic of Azerbaijan - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Craftsmanship and performance art of the Tar, a long-necked string musical instrument - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Traditional art and symbolism of Kelaghayi, making and wearing women's silk headscarves - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Copper craftsmanship of Lahij - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Baul songs - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Traditional art of Jamdani weaving - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Mangal Shobhajatra on Pahela Baishakh - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
- ↑ "Falconry, a living human heritage - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Carnival of Binche - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Procession of the Holy Blood in Bruges - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Aalst carnival - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Houtem Jaarmarkt, annual winter fair and livestock market at Sint-Lievens-Houtem - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Krakelingen and Tonnekensbrand, end-of-winter bread and fire feast at Geraardsbergen - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Leuven age set ritual repertoire - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Marches of Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Shrimp fishing on horseback in Oostduinkerke - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Beer culture in Belgium". unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
- ↑ "Processional giants and dragons in Belgium and France - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Language, dance and music of the Garifuna - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Oral heritage of Gelede - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Mask dance of the drums from Drametse - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Andean cosmovision of the Kallawaya - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Carnival of Oruro - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Ichapekene Piesta, the biggest festival of San Ignacio de Moxos - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Pujllay and Ayarichi, music and dances of the Yampara culture - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Zmijanje embroidery - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Oral and graphic expressions of the Wajapi - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Samba de Roda of the Recôncavo of Bahia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Frevo, performing arts of the Carnival of Recife - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Círio de Nazaré (The Taper of Our Lady of Nazareth) in the city of Belém, Pará - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Capoeira circle - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Bistritsa Babi, archaic polyphony, dances and rituals from the Shoplouk region - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Nestinarstvo, messages from the past: the Panagyr of Saints Constantine and Helena in the village of Bulgari - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "The tradition of carpet-making in Chiprovtsi - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Surova folk feast in Pernik region - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Cultural practices and expressions linked to the balafon of the Senufo communities of Mali, Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
- ↑ "Ritual dance of the royal drum". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Royal ballet of Cambodia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Sbek Thom, Khmer shadow theatre - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Tugging rituals and games - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Polyphonic singing of the Aka Pygmies of Central Africa - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Baile Chino". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Kun Qu opera - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Guqin and its music - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Uyghur Muqam of Xinjiang - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Art of Chinese seal engraving - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "China engraved block printing technique - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Chinese calligraphy - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Chinese paper-cut - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Craftsmanship of Nanjing Yunjin brocade - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Dragon Boat festival - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Farmers' dance of China's Korean ethnic group - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Gesar epic tradition - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Grand song of the Dong ethnic group - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Hua'er - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Manas - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Mazu belief and customs - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Nanyin - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Regong arts - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Sericulture and silk craftsmanship of China - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Tibetan opera - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Traditional firing technology of Longquan celadon - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Traditional handicrafts of making Xuan paper - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Xi'an wind and percussion ensemble - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Yueju opera - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Peking opera - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Chinese shadow puppetry - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Strategy for training coming generations of Fujian puppetry practitioners - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Chinese Zhusuan, knowledge and practices of mathematical calculation through the abacus - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "The Twenty-Four Solar Terms, knowledge of time and practices developed in China through observation of the sun's annual motion - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-11-28.
- ↑ "Urtiin Duu, traditional folk long song - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Carnival of Barranquilla". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Cultural space of Palenque de San Basilio". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Carnaval de Negros y Blancos". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Holy Week processions in Popayán". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Wayuu normative system, applied by the Pütchipü'üi (palabrero)". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Traditional knowledge of the jaguar shamans of Yuruparí". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Festival of Saint Francis of Assisi, Quibdó". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Marimba music, traditional chants and dances from the Colombia South Pacific region and Esmeraldas Province of Ecuador". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Oxherding and oxcart traditions in Costa Rica - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Gbofe of Afounkaha, the music of the transverse trumps of the Tagbana community - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Annual carnival bell ringers' pageant from the Kastav area - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Festivity of Saint Blaise, the patron of Dubrovnik - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Lacemaking in Croatia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Procession Za Krizen ('following the cross') on the island of Hvar - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Spring procession of Ljelje/Kraljice (queens) from Gorjani - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Traditional manufacturing of children's wooden toys in Hrvatsko Zagorje - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Gingerbread craft from Northern Croatia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Sinjska Alka, a knights' tournament in Sinj - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Bećarac singing and playing from Eastern Croatia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Nijemo Kolo, silent circle dance of the Dalmatian hinterland - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Klapa multipart singing of Dalmatia, southern Croatia - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "La Tumba Francesa - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Lefkara laces or Lefkaritika - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
Lefkara laces or Lefkaritika
- ↑ "Tsiattista poetic duelling - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Slovácko Verbuňk, recruit dances - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Shrovetide door-to-door processions and masks in the villages of the Hlinecko area - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Ride of the Kings in the south-east of the Czech Republic - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-18.
- ↑ "Arirang folk song in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Tradition of kimchi-making in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Cultural Space of the Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Cocolo Dance Drama Tradition". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Traditional weaving of the Ecuadorian toquilla straw hat". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-16.
- ↑ "Oral heritage and cultural manifestations of the Zápara people". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "The Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah Epic". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Kihnu cultural space". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ↑ "Seto Leelo, Seto polyphonic singing tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ↑ "Smoke sauna tradition in Võromaa". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ↑ "Baltic song and dance celebrations". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-01-02.
- ↑ "Commemoration feast of the finding of the True Holy Cross of Christ". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Fichee-Chambalaalla, New Year festival of the Sidama people". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Aubusson tapestry". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Maloya". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Scribing tradition in French timber framing". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Compagnonnage, network for on-the-job transmission of knowledge and identities". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Craftsmanship of Alençon needle lace-making". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Gastronomic meal of the French". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Equitation in the French tradition". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Fest-Noz, festive gathering based on the collective practice of traditional dances of Brittany". unesco.org. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
- ↑ "Limousin septennial ostensions". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Gwoka: music, song, dance and cultural practice representative of Guadeloupean identity". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Kankurang, Manding initiatory rite". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Georgian polyphonic singing". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Ancient Georgian traditional Qvevri wine-making method". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Living culture of three writing systems of the Georgian alphabet". unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Idea and practice of organizing shared interests in cooperatives". unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Know-how of cultivating mastic on the island of Chios". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Tinian marble craftsmanship". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Mediterranean Diet". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Rabinal Achí dance drama tradition". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Cultural space of Sosso-Bala". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Busó festivities at Mohács: masked end-of-winter carnival custom". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Folk art of the Matyó, embroidery of a traditional community". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ↑ "Safeguarding of the folk music heritage by the Kodály concept". UNESCO. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
- ↑ "Kutiyattam, Sanskrit Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "The Tradition of Vedic Chanting". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Ramlila – the Traditional Performance of the Ramayana". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Ramman, religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas, India". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "Buddhist chanting of Ladakh: recitation of sacred Buddhist texts in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
- ↑ "Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
- ↑ "Yoga". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
- ↑ "Wayang Puppet Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-06-27.
- ↑ "Indonesian Kris". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-06-27.
- ↑ "Indonesian Batik". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
- ↑ "Indonesian Angklung". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2010-11-23.
- ↑ "The Radif of Iranian music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
- 1 2 "Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ↑ "Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Kashan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ↑ "Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Fars". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ↑ "Ritual dramatic art of Ta'zīye". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ↑ "Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ↑ "Music of the Bakhshis of Khorasan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ↑ "Qālišuyān rituals of Mašhad-e Ardehāl in Kāšān". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-25.
- ↑ "The Iraqi Maqam". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on August 27, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Opera dei Pupi, Sicilian Puppet Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Canto a tenore, Sardinian Pastoral Songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremona". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
- ↑ "Celebrations of big shoulder-borne processional structures". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-09-27.
- ↑ "Traditional agricultural practice of cultivating the 'vite ad alberello' (head-trained bush vines) of the community of Pantelleria". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
- ↑ "The Maroon Heritage of Moore Town". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Nôgaku Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
- ↑ "Ningyo Johruri Bunraku Puppet Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Kabuki Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Akiu no Taue Odori". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Chakkirako". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Daimokutate". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Dainichido Bugaku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Gagaku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Hayachine Kagura". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Hitachi Furyumono". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Koshikijima no Toshidon". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Ojiya-chijimi, Echigo-jofu". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Oku-noto no Aenokoto". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Traditional Ainu dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Yamahoko, the float ceremony of the Kyoto Gion festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Kumiodori". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Yuki-tsumugi". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ↑ "Mibu no Hana Taue". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ↑ "Sada Shin Noh". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ↑ "Nachi no Dengaku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-04-24.
- ↑ "Washoku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
- ↑ Until 2014, there was an item titled "Sekishu-Banshi: papermaking in the Iwami region of Shimane Prefecture." It was merged with the current item due to the expansion of the range of elements.
- ↑ "Washi, craftsmanship of traditional Japanese hand-made paper". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ↑ "The Cultural Space of the Bedu in Petra and Wadi Rum". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-06-02.
- ↑ "The Art of Akyns, Kyrgyz Epic Tellers". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Al-Zajal, Recited or Sung Poetry". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-07.
- ↑ "Cross-crafting and its Symbolism". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on October 6, 2012. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Sutartinės, Lithuanian multipart songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
- ↑ "Hopping procession of Echternach". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
- ↑ "Feast of the Holy Forty Martyrs in Štip". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- ↑ "Kopachkata, a social dance from the village of Dramche, Pijanec". unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-12-23.
- ↑ "The Woodcrafting Knowledge of the Zafimaniry". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- 1 2 "The Vimbuza Healing Dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved March 2014. Check date values in:
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(help) - ↑ "The Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Mak Yong Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on October 7, 2012. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Cultural Space of the Yaaral and Degal". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Indigenous Festivity dedicated to the Dead". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Places of memory and living traditions of the Otomí-Chichimecas people of Tolimán: the Peña de Bernal, guardian of a sacred territory". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ↑ "Ritual ceremony of the Voladores: Papantla, El Tajín". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ↑ "UNESCO declares Mexican Cuisine Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity".
- ↑ "Traditional Mexican cuisine – ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ↑ "Parachicos in the traditional January feast of Chiapa de Corzo". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ↑ "Pirekua, traditional song of the P'urhépecha". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ↑ "Mariachi, string music, song and trumpet". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-03-21.
- ↑ "Charrería, equestrian tradition in Mexico". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
- 1 2 Mongolian Intangible Cultural Heritage - UNSECO
- ↑ "The Traditional Music of the Morin Khuur". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- 1 2 "Naadam, Mongolian traditional festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ↑ UNESCO has inscribed falconry as a shared intangible heritage element of eleven countries, including Mongolia
- ↑ unesco.org
- ↑ "The Cultural Space of Jemaa el-Fna Square". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on August 27, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- 1 2 "The Moussem of Tan-Tan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on August 27, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- 1 2 "The Chopi Timbila". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- 1 2 "El Güegüense". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Ifa Divination System". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Palestinian Hikaye". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Taquile and its Textile Art". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Huaconada, ritual dance of Mito". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ↑ "The scissors dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ↑ "Pilgrimage to the sanctuary of the Lord of Qoyllurit'i". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-07-05.
- ↑ "candelaria". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ↑ "The Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Darangen Epic of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Fado, urban popular song of Portugal". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ↑ "Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-11-27.
- ↑ "The Royal Ancestral Ritual in the Jongmyo Shrine and its Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "The Pansori Epic Chant". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "The Gangneung Danoje Festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Cheoyongmu". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Ganggangsullae". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Namsadang Nori". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Yeongsanjae". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Daemokjang, traditional wooden architecture". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Gagok, lyric song cycles accompanied by an orchestra". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Jultagi, tightrope walking". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Taekkyeon, a traditional Korean martial art". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Weaving of Mosi (fine ramie) in the Hansan region". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Arirang, lyrical folk song in the Republic of Korea". UNESCO Culture Sector. 2012-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Kimjang, making and sharing kimchi in the Republic of Korea". UNESCO Culture Sector. 2013-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "Nongak, community band music, dance and rituals in the Republic of Korea". UNESCO Culture Sector. November 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ↑ "Culture of Jeju Haenyeo (women divers)". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2016-12-01.
- ↑ "The Căluş tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Lad's dances in Romania". UNESCO.
- ↑ Patricia Marinescu (3 December 2015). "Dansul românesc "Feciorescul de Ticuş", în lista patrimoniului cultural imaterial UNESCO". Mediafax.
- ↑ "The Cultural Space and Oral Culture of the Semeiskie". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Olonkho, Yakut Heroic Epos". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Slava, celebration of family saint patron's day".
- ↑ "The Fujara and its Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Mystery Play of Elche". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Patum of Berga". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Festivity of 'la Mare de Déu de la Salut' of Algemesí". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-29.
- ↑ "The Lakalaka, Dances and Sung Speeches of Tonga". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Arts of the Meddah, Public Storytellers". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Mevlevi Sema Ceremony". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Karagöz and Hacivat". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Âşıklık (minstrelsy) tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Nowruz, Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Traditional Sohbet meetings". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Kırkpınar oil wrestling festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Semah, Alevi-Bektaşi ritual". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Ceremonial Keşkek tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Mesir Macunu festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Turkish coffee culture and tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ↑ "Ebru, Turkish art of marbling". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-01.
- ↑ "Barkcloth Making in Uganda". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Petrykivka decorative painting as a phenomenon of the Ukrainian ornamental folk art". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-30.
- ↑ "The Cultural Space of the Boysun District". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Shashmaqom Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Vanuatu Sand Drawings". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Venezuela's Dancing Devils of Corpus Christi". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
- ↑ "Nha Nhac, Vietnamese court music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "Space of Gong culture". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "Quan Họ Bắc Ninh folk songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "Gióng festival of Phù Ðông and Sóc temples". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "Worship of Hùng kings in Phú Thọm". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "Art of Đờn ca tài tử music and song in southern Viet Nam". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "Ví and Giặm folk songs of Nghệ Tĩnh". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ↑ "The Song of Sana'a". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Makishi Masquerade". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "The Mbende Jerusarema Dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Archived from the original on June 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ↑ "Chovqan, a traditional Karabakh horse-riding game in the Republic of Azerbaijan - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Rite of the Kalyady Tsars (Christmas Tsars) - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Earthenware pottery-making skills in Botswana's Kgatleng District - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Yaokwa, the Enawene Nawe people's ritual for the maintenance of social and cosmic order - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Traditional design and practices for building Chinese wooden arch bridges - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Traditional Li textile techniques: spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidering - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Qiang New Year festival - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Meshrep - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Watertight-bulkhead technology of Chinese junks - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Wooden movable-type printing of China - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Hezhen Yimakan storytelling - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Traditional Vallenato music of the Greater Magdalena region - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Ojkanje singing - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Glasoechko, male two-part singing in Dolni Polog - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Cantu in paghjella, a secular and liturgical oral tradition of Corsica - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Nan Pa'ch ceremony - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Two new elements inscribed on the List of Intangible Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding and five best safeguarding practices selected". UNESCOPRESS. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
- ↑ "Saman dance - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Noken multifunctional knotted or woven bag, handcraft of the people of Papua - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Naqqāli, Iranian dramatic story-telling - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Traditional skills of building and sailing Iranian Lenj boats in the Persian Gulf - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Traditions and practices associated with the Kayas in the sacred forests of the Mijikenda - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Isukuti dance of Isukha and Idakho communities of Western Kenya - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Ala-kiyiz and Shyrdak, art of Kyrgyz traditional felt carpets - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Suiti cultural space - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Sanké mon, collective fishing rite of the Sanké - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Secret society of the Kôrêdugaw, the rite of wisdom in Mali - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Moorish epic T'heydinn - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Mongol Biyelgee, Mongolian traditional folk dance - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Mongol Tuuli, Mongolian epic - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Folk long song performance technique of Limbe performances - circular breathing - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Mongolian calligraphy - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Coaxing ritual for camels - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Eshuva, Harákmbut sung prayers of Peru's Huachipaire people - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Manufacture of cowbells - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Bigwala, gourd trumpet music and dance of the Busoga Kingdom in Uganda - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Empaako tradition of the Batooro, Banyoro, Batuku, Batagwenda and Banyabindi of western Uganda - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Male-child cleansing ceremony of the Lango of central northern Uganda - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Koogere oral tradition of the Basongora, Banyabindi and Batooro peoples - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Al Sadu, traditional weaving skills in the United Arab Emirates - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Mapoyo oral tradition and its symbolic reference points within their ancestral territory - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Ca trù singing - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Xoan singing of Phú Thọ Province, Viet Nam - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
- ↑ "Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage". Archived from the original on July 16, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ↑ "Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity". Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ↑ "Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage". Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ↑ "Proclamation of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity (2001-2005) - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
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