United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 1806

April 29-May 1, 1806

All 17 New York seats to the United States House of Representatives

	Majority party	Minority party

Party	Democratic-Republican	Federalist
Last election	15	2
Seats won	15^[1]	2
Seat change
Popular vote	40,740	20,261
Percentage	66.8%	33.2%

The 1806 United States House of Representatives elections in New York were held from April 29 to May 1, 1806, to elect 17 U.S. Representatives to represent the State of New York in the United States House of Representatives of the 10th United States Congress.

Background

17 U.S. Representatives had been elected in April 1804 to a term in the 9th United States Congress beginning on March 4, 1805. Samuel L. Mitchill and Daniel D. Tompkins had resigned their seats, and George Clinton, Jr., and Gurdon S. Mumford were elected to fill the vacancies. The representatives' term would end on March 3, 1807. The congressional elections were held together with the State elections in late April 1806, about ten months before the term would start on March 4, 1807, and about a year and a half before Congress actually met on October 26, 1807.

Congressional districts

After the U.S. census of 1800, New York's representation in the House was increased to 17 seats. On March 30, 1802, the New York State Legislature had re-apportioned the congressional districts, dividing New York County seemingly at random into two districts. After the election of one Democratic-Republican and one Federalist in 1802, the Dem.-Rep. majority in the State Legislature gerrymandered the two districts together in an Act passed on March 20, 1804, so that two congressmen would be elected on a general ticket by the voters of both districts, assuring the election of two Democratic-Republicans.

Three new counties had been created since the last elections in 1804: Inside the 15th D., Jefferson Co. was split off from Oneida Co.; in the 16th D., Madison Co. from Chenango Co.; and in the 17th D., Allegany Co. from Genesee Co. The area of the districts remained the same.

The 1st District comprising Queens and Suffolk counties.
The 2nd and 3rd District (two seats) comprising New York, Kings and Richmond counties.
The 4th District comprising Westchester and Rockland counties.
The 5th District comprising Orange County.
The 6th District comprising Dutchess County.
The 7th District comprising Ulster and Greene counties.
The 8th District comprising Columbia County.
The 9th District comprising Albany County.
The 10th District comprising Rensselaer County.
The 11h District comprising Clinton, Saratoga and Essex counties.
The 12h District comprising Washington County.
The 13th District comprising Montgomery and Schoharie counties.
The 14th District comprising Delaware and Otsego counties.
The 15th District comprising Herkimer, Oneida and Jefferson counties.
The 16th District comprising Chenango, Tioga, Onondaga and Madison counties.
The 17th District comprising Ontario, Steuben, Cayuga, Seneca and Allegany counties.

Note: There are now 62 counties in the State of New York. The counties which are not mentioned in this list had not yet been established, or sufficiently organized, the area being included in one or more of the abovementioned counties.

Result

14 Clintonians, 2 Federalists and 1 Lewisite were elected. The incumbents Mumford, Clinton, Van Cortlandt, Blake, Verplanck, Van Rensselaer, Masters, Thomas and Russell were re-elected; the incumbents Sailly, Tracy and Halsey were defeated.

1806 United States House election result
District	Democratic-Republican (Clintonian)		Federalist		Democratic-Republican (Lewisite)		Democratic-Republican		Democratic-Republican (Lewisite)
1	Samuel Riker	1,499
2 and 3	Gurdon S. Mumford	4,617	John B. Coles^[2]	3,707	John R. Livingston	173
2 and 3	George Clinton, Jr.	4,406	Nicholas Fish	3,695
4	Philip Van Cortlandt	969	Peter A. Jay	855	Samuel S. Smith	127	Peter Taulman^[3]	135
5	John Blake, Jr.	1,396	Reuben Hopkins^[4]	822
6	Daniel C. Verplanck	1,208
7	Johannes Bruyn^[5]	515	Barent Gardenier	1,408	William A. Thompson^[6]	1,024
8	James I. Van Alen	1,735	Robert Le Roy Livingston	1,725
9	Benjamin DeWitt	891	Killian K. Van Rensselaer	1,269	Henry Glen	562
10	Josiah Masters	1,282	Hosea Moffitt	1,146
11	John Thompson	2,018	Asahel Porter^[7]	1,381	Peter Sailly	91
12	David Thomas	1,574
13	Peter Swart	2,825	Isaac H. Tiffany	1,245
14	John Russell	2,129	Solomon Martin^[8]	1,034
15	John Nicholson	2,124			William Kirkpatrick	2,628
16	Reuben Humphrey	3,308	Thaddeus M. Wood^[9]	313	John Cantine	119			Uri Tracy	101
17	John Harris	1,736	Daniel W. Lewis^[10]	1,661	Silas Halsey	1,457	James Faulkner^[11]	91

Note: The Anti-Federalists called themselves "Republicans." However, at the same time, the Federalists called them "Democrats" which was meant to be pejorative. After some time both terms got more and more confused, and sometimes used together as "Democratic Republicans" which later historians have adopted (with a hyphen) to describe the party from the beginning, to avoid confusion with both the later established and still existing Democratic and Republican parties.

At this time, the Democratic-Republican Party was split into two factions: the "Clintonians" led by DeWitt Clinton, and the "Lewisites" led by Governor Morgan Lewis.

Aftermath and special election

The House of Representatives of the 10th United States Congress met for the first time at the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., on October 26, 1807, and Blake, Gardenier, Harris, Humphrey, Kirkpatrick, Masters, Riker, Russell, Swart, Thomas Thompson, Van Alen, Van Cortlandt, Van Rensselaer and Verplanck took their seats on this day. Mumford took his seat on November 2, and Clinton on February 1, 1808.^[12]

David Thomas was appointed New York State Treasurer on February 5, 1808, and resigned his seat. His letter of resignation was read in the House on February 17.^[13] A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the annual State election in April 1808, and was won by Nathan Wilson, of the same party. Wilson took his seat on November 7, 1808.^[14]

**1808 United States House special election result**
District	Democratic-Republican		Federalist
12	Nathan Wilson	2,327	Asa Fitch	1,755

Notes

↑ 14 Clintonians and 1 Lewisite
↑ John B. Coles, state senator 1800-02
↑ Peter Taulman, assemblyman 1787 and 1788, delegate to constitutional convention 1801
↑ Reuben Hopkins, state senator 1794-97
↑ Johannes Bruyn, assemblyman 1781-82, 1782-83, 1796-97 and 1800; presidential elector 1792; state senator 1810-13
↑ William A. Thompson, First Judge of Sullivan Co. 1809-28
↑ Asahel Porter, assemblyman 1804-05 and 1806
↑ Solomon Martin, assemblyman 1800-01 and 1802
↑ Thaddeus M. Wood, Surrogate of Onondaga Co. 1799-1800
↑ Daniel W. Lewis, assemblyman 1804-05 and 1806; D.A. of the Seventh D. 1810-11
↑ James Faulkner, assemblyman 1803 and 1804; First Judge of Steuben Co. 1804-13
↑ Abridgment of the Debates in Congress from 1789 to 1856 (Vol. III; pages 612, 614 and 676)
↑ Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States (Vol. V; page 182)
↑ Abridgment of the Debates in Congress from 1789 to 1856 (Vol. IV; page 36)

Sources

The New York Civil List compiled in 1858 (see: pg. 65 for district apportionment; pg. 69 for Congressmen)
Members of the Tenth United States Congress [gives wrong resignation date "May 1, 1808" for Thomas]
Election result 1st D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 2nd/3rd D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 4th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 5th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 6th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 7th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 8th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 9th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
10th D. at Ourcampaigns.com
Election result 11th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
12th D. at Ourcampaigns.com
Election result 13th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 14th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 15th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 16th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 17th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"
Special election result 12th D. at Tufts University Library project "A New Nation Votes"

Elections in New York

General	1844 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1900 1902 1903 1904 1906 1907 1908 1910 1912 1913 1914 1916 1917 1918 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1926 1927 1928 1930 1932 1933 1934 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1942 1943 1944 1946 1949 1950 1952 1953 1954 1956 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1972 1973 1974 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

NY State Senate	1984 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

NY State Assembly	1984 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

NY Governor	1777 1780 1783 1786 1789 1792 1795 1798 1801 1804 1807 1810 1811 1813 1816 1817 1820 1822 1824 1826 1828 1830 1832 1834 1836 1838 1840 1842 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018

NY Attorney General	1998 2002 2006 2010 2014

NY Comptroller	1998 2002 2006 2010 2014

NY Judicial	1847 S 1870 S 1959 1960 1969

U.S. President	1792 1796 1800 1804 1808 1812 1816 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840 1844 1848 1852 1856 1860 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016

U.S. Senate	Class 1: 1789 1791 1797 1798 S1 1798 S2 1800 S1 1803 1804 S2 1809 1815 1821 1827 1829 S 1833 1839–40 1845 1851 1857 1863 1869 1875 1881 1881 S 1887 1893 1899 1905 1911 1916 1922 1928 1934 1938 S 1940 1946 1952 1958 1964 1970 1976 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2010 S 2012 Class 3: 1789 1795 1796 S 1800 S2 1801 1802 S 1804 S1 1807 1813 1819–20 1825–26 1831 1833 S 1837 1843 1845 S 1849 1855 1861 1867 1873 1879 1881 S 1885 1891 1897 1903 1909 1914 1920 1926 1932 1938 1944 1949 S 1950 1956 1962 1968 1974 1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010 2016

U.S. House	1789 1790 1793 1794 1796 1798 1800 1802 1804 1806 1808 1810 1812 1814 1816 1818 1821 1822 1824 1826 1828 1830 1832 1834 1836 1838 1840 1842 1844 1846 1848 1850 1852 1854 1856 1858 1860 1862 1864 1866 1868 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 (6th S) 2000 2002 2004 2006 (13th, 20th, 29th) 2008 (19th, 20th, 25th, 26th, 29th) 2009 (20th S, 23rd S) 2010 (29th) 2011 (9th S, 26th S) 2012 2014 2016 Special

'S,' 'S1,' and 'S2' denote special election See also: Political party strength in New York

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