Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr.
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 20th district
In office
May 17, 1949 – January 3, 1955
Preceded by Sol Bloom
Succeeded by Irwin D. Davidson
Personal details
Born (1914-08-17)August 17, 1914
Campobello Island, New Brunswick, Canada
Died August 17, 1988(1988-08-17) (aged 74)
Poughkeepsie, New York, U.S.
Political party Liberal Party
Democratic Party
Spouse(s)
  • Ethel du Pont
    (m. 1937; div. 1949)
  • Suzanne Perrin
    (m. 1949; div. 1970)
  • Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff
    (m. 1970; div. 1976)
  • Patricia Luisa Oakes
    (m. 1977; div. 1981)
  • Linda McKay Stevenson Weicker
    (m. 1984; his death 1988)
Relations See Roosevelt family
Children
Parents Franklin D. Roosevelt
Eleanor Roosevelt
Alma mater Harvard University (A.B.)
University of Virginia (J.D.)
Profession lawyer, politician, businessman

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. (August 17, 1914 – August 17, 1988) was an American lawyer, politician, and businessman who served as a United States Congressman from New York from 1949 to 1955, the first chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission from 1965 to 1966, and a two time candidate for Governor of New York. The five times married Roosevelt was the third son of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt and served as an officer in the United States Navy during World War II.[1]

Early life

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. was born on August 17, 1914, the fifth of six children born to Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945) and Eleanor Roosevelt (1884–1962). At the time of his birth, his father was Assistant Secretary of the Navy.[1] He was born at his parents' summer home at Campobello Island, New Brunswick, Canada, which is now an international historical park.

His siblings were: Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1906–1975), James Roosevelt II (1907–1991), Franklin Roosevelt (1909–1909), a brother of the same name had died in infancy in November 1909, having lived only several months, Elliott Roosevelt (1910–1990), and John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (1916–1981).[1]

As a young man in 1936, he contracted a streptococcal throat infection and developed life-threatening complications. His successful treatment with Prontosil, the first commercially available sulfonamide drug, avoided a risky surgical procedure which the White House medical staff had considered, and the subsequent headlines in The New York Times and other prominent newspapers heralded the start of the era of antibacterial chemotherapy in the United States.[2]

While not nearly as scandal-prone as his elder brothers James and Elliott, Franklin Jr. was in frequent and highly publicized legal trouble, mostly for traffic violations, and once in 1934, his father the president, had to pay a $4,500 judgment for him after an injury-accident.[3] When brother Elliott published his tell-all book An Untold Story about his parents in 1973, Franklin Jr. led the family's denunciation of him.[4]

Education

He graduated from Groton School in 1933, Harvard University in 1937, and from the University of Virginia School of Law in June 1940.[5][6]

The family thought that FDR Jr. was the one most like his father in appearance and behavior. James said, "Franklin is the one who came closest to being another FDR. He had father's looks, his speaking voice, his smile, his charm, his charisma."[7]

U.S. Navy service

World War II

Roosevelt was commissioned an ensign in the U.S. Navy Reserve on June 11, 1940. He was a junior naval officer in World War II and was decorated for bravery in the battle of Casablanca.

At the request of his father, along with brother Elliott Roosevelt, he attended both the Argentia (Atlantic Charter) summit with Prime Minister Winston Churchill in August 1941, and the Casablanca Conference in January 1943. Franklin also met FDR in Africa prior to the Teheran Conference. Returning from Argentia, he sailed with Churchill and stood with him at parades in newly American-occupied Reykjavik, Iceland, to symbolize American solidarity with England, Scotland, and Wales.[8]

Brother James Roosevelt summarized "Brud's" naval service: "Franklin served on a destroyer that dodged torpedoes from Iceland to Minsk [sic!]. He became executive officer of the destroyer USS Mayrant (DD-402), which was bombed at Palermo in the Sicilian invasion. The famed war correspondent Quentin Reynolds went out of his way to write mother how bravely Franklin performed in that bloody ordeal, in which he was awarded the Silver Star Medal for exposing himself under fire to carry a critically wounded sailor to safety." [9]

Later, as a lieutenant commander, to which he was promoted to on March 1, 1944, Franklin became the commanding officer of his own destroyer escort, USS Ulvert M. Moore (DE-442) on July 18, 1944. The Moore served in the Pacific and shot down two Japanese aircraft and sank a Japanese submarine. The ship was in Tokyo Bay when Japan formally surrendered on September 2, 1945. James Roosevelt remembered that his brother was known as "Big Moose" to the men who served under him, he did "a tremendous job".

Military awards

Roosevelt's military decorations and awards include:[10]

Post-war career

Law practice

Roosevelt served in several New York law offices after the war. He was senior partner in the New York law firm of Roosevelt and Frieden, later known as Poletti, Diamond, Frieden & Mackay,[11] before and after his service in the Congress. He triggered controversy for representing Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo in the U.S., and dropped the account before Trujillo's assassination in 1961.

Politics

Roosevelt was also involved in political affairs. He served on the President's Committee on Civil Rights in 1946 for President Harry Truman. Along with his brothers, he declared for Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1948, alienating much of the Democratic party. Unlike Elliott, however, he took an anti-communist stance, and, according to columnist Stewart Alsop, leaked damaging information on Elliott to the press during the row over the latter's pro-Soviet activities.[12]

He joined the Empire State Society of the Sons of the American Revolution in 1946.[13]

U.S. House of Representatives

Roosevelt Jr. was elected as a member of the United States House of Representatives in a special election in 1949, in which he ran as a candidate of the Liberal Party of New York. He was re-elected in 1950 and 1952 as a Democrat. He represented the 20th District of New York from May 17, 1949 until January 3, 1955.[1]

Despite his name and connections, he became unpopular with the Democratic leadership. When brother James Roosevelt was elected to the House, Speaker Sam Rayburn told him to "not waste our time like your brother did." James wrote that Franklin "had a dreadful record in Congress. He was smart, but not smart enough. He had good ideas and the power of persuasion, but he did not put them to good use. He coasted instead of working at his job, considering it beneath him, while he aimed for higher positions. He may have had the worst attendance record of any member of those days, and it cost him those higher positions."[14]

Governor of New York

Roosevelt sought the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1954,[15] but, after persuasion by powerful Tammany Hall boss Carmine DeSapio,[16] abandoned his bid for Governor and was nominated by the Democratic State Convention to run for New York State Attorney General.[16] Roosevelt was defeated in the general election by Republican Jacob K. Javits, although all other Democratic nominees were elected. Following his loss, Eleanor Roosevelt began building a campaign against the Tammany Hall leader that eventually forced DeSapio to step down from power in 1961.[16]

He again ran for Governor of New York on the Liberal Party ticket in 1966, but was defeated by the incumbent Republican Nelson A. Rockefeller.[1]

Ties to John F. Kennedy

FDR Jr. with his mother and his son, FDR III, 1962.

At the instigation of Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., he campaigned for John F. Kennedy in the crucial 1960 West Virginia primary,[6] falsely accusing Kennedy's opponent, Hubert Humphrey of having dodged the draft in World War II.[17]

Kennedy later named him Under-Secretary of Commerce and chairman of the President's Appalachian Regional Commission. This post (Under-Secretary of Commerce) was given to him when Defense Secretary Robert McNamara vetoed his appointment as Secretary of the Navy. "JFK and Franklin were friends and their families were close. Socially, Franklin spent a lot of time in the White House during JFK's reign. But when Kennedy was killed, Franklin fell from power."[18]

He served as chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission from May 26, 1965 to May 11, 1966 during the administration of Kennedy's successor, President Lyndon B. Johnson.[1]

Entrepreneur

Roosevelt also ran a small cattle farm and distributed FIAT and Jaguar automobiles in the United States.[19] In 1970, he sold the distributorship, Roosevelt Automobile Company.[1] He was a personal friend of Fiat chairman Gianni Agnelli.[20]

Personal life

On June 30, 1937, he married the first of his eventual five wives, Ethel du Pont (1916–1965) of the du Pont family. Before their subsequent separation and divorce on May 21, 1949,[11] they had two sons. Ethel du Pont later married Benjamin S. Warren, Sr., a prominent lawyer,[21] in 1950 before committing suicide at the age of 49, on May 25, 1965.[22] Their sons were:

On August 31, 1949, he married for the second time to Suzanne Perrin (born May 2, 1921), the daughter of Lee James Perrin, a New York attorney.[11] They had two daughters before their divorce in 1970, which was obtained in Juarez, Mexico:[19]

On July 1, 1970, he married for the third time to Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff.[23] She was the granddaughter of Felix M. Warburg (1871–1937) and great‐granddaughter of the Jacob H. Schiff (1847–1920).[19] She had been previously married to Robert W. Sarnoff, chairman and president of the RCA Corporation.[19] The marriage was childless and ended in divorce in 1976.[23]

On May 6, 1977,[23] he married for the fourth time to Patricia Luisa Oakes (born 1950),[24][25] the daughter of British actor Richard Greene (1918–1985)[26] and Nancy Oakes von Hoyningen-Huene (1924-2005),[27] and the granddaughter of gold mining tycoon Sir Harry Oakes (1874–1943).[27] They had one son before divorcing in 1981:[23]

On March 3, 1984, he married his fifth and final wife, Linda McKay Stevenson Weicker (born 1939).[23][24] She was previously married to Theodore M. Weicker, the brother of Connecticut Governor Lowell P. Weicker Jr.[29] They remained married until his death.[6]

On August 17, 1988, his 74th birthday, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. died at Vassar Brothers Hospital in Poughkeepsie, New York[1] after a battle with lung cancer.[6]

References

Notes
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mcquiston, John T. (18 August 1988). "Franklin Roosevelt Jr., 74, Ex-Congressman, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  2. ↑ Medicine: Prontosil, TIME Magazine, December 28, 1936
  3. ↑ Hansen, 106
  4. ↑ Hansen, 654
  5. ↑ "Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Jr. (1914–1988)". Biographical Directory of Congress. Office of Art and Archives, Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT JR. DIES". Washington Post. August 18, 1988. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  7. ↑ Roosevelt, 313
  8. ↑ Hansen, 211–12, 262
  9. ↑ Roosevelt, 269.
  10. ↑ Sons of the American Revolution Membership Application
  11. 1 2 3 "Representative Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. To Marry Miss Suzanne Perrin in August". The New York Times. July 30, 1949. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  12. ↑ Hansen, 525
  13. ↑
  14. ↑ Roosevelt, 314
  15. ↑ Moscow, Warren (April 17, 1949). "TAMMANY STILL SEEKING JOBS FOR THE FAITHFUL: In Fight Against FDR Jr., the Hall Hopes to Prove All Is Not Lost". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  16. 1 2 3 Kandell, Jonathan (July 28, 2004). "Carmine De Sapio, Political Kingmaker and Last Tammany Hall Boss, Dies at 95". The New York Times.
  17. ↑ Caro, Robert (2012), The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Passage of Power, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, pp. 85–86
  18. ↑ Roosevelt, 315
  19. 1 2 3 4 Times, Special To The New York (1 July 1970). "Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. To Wed Felicia Sarnof". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  20. ↑ Bachrach, Judy (March 22, 2011). "La Vita Agnelli". Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  21. ↑ "ETHEL D. ROOSEVELT IS WED TO ATTORNEY". The New York Times. December 28, 1950. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  22. ↑ Jones, David R. (May 26, 1965). "Ethel du Pont Dead In Apparent Suicide Ethel du Pont, Heiress, Is Apparent Suicide at Suburban Detroit Home". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Roosevelt Genealogy". fdrlibrary.marist.edu. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  24. 1 2 Pederson, William D. (January 1, 2009). The FDR Years. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9780816074600. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  25. ↑ "Nancy Oakes". thepeerage.com. The Peerage. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  26. 1 2 Laskey, Margaux (18 September 2010). "Lacy Garcia, Jack Roosevelt". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  27. 1 2 "Nancy Oakes von Hoyningen-Huene". The Times. 21 January 2005. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  28. ↑ (FDR Presidential Library)
  29. ↑ "Miss Stevenson Becomes Bride Of T.M. Weicker". The New York Times. September 17, 1967. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
Sources
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Jr..
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Sol Bloom		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 20th congressional district
1949–1955 		Succeeded by
Irwin D. Davidson
Government offices
New title Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
1965–1966 		Succeeded by
Stephen N. Shulman
Party political offices
Preceded by
Francis D'Amanda		 Democratic Nominee for New York State Attorney General
1954 		Succeeded by
Peter Crotty
Preceded by
Robert Morgenthau		 Liberal Nominee for Governor of New York
1966 		Succeeded by
Arthur Goldberg
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