NPDPA

Not to be confused with isopropylphenidate.
NPDPA
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
PubChem (CID) 110817
ChemSpider 99466
Chemical and physical data
Formula C17H21N
Molar mass 239.354 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image

NPDPA (also known as isopropylphenidine) is a dissociative anesthetic that has been sold online as a designer drug.[1][2][3][4] It was first identified in Germany in 2008, and while it has never been as widely sold as related compounds such as diphenidine and ephenidine, it has continued to show up in seized drug samples occasionally,[5] and was banned in Sweden in 2015.

Metabolism

Isopropylphenidines metabolic pathway consists of N-oxidation, N-dealkylation, mono- and bis-hydroxylation of the benzene ring, and hydroxylation of the phenyl ring only after N-dealkylation. The dihydroxy metabolites were conjugated by methylation of one hydroxy group, and hydroxy metabolites by glucuronidation or sulfation.[3][6]

Legality

Sweden's public health agency suggested that NPDPA be classified as a hazardous substance on the 1st of June, 2015. Due to that suggestion it became a scheduled substance in Sweden, as of the 18th of August 2015.[7] It has also been proposed for control in Germany under analogue provisions, though these have not yet come in to force as of 2016.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Hamilton Morris; Jason Wallach (July–August 2014). "From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 614–632. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. PMID 24678061.
  2. ↑ Markus R. Meyer; Tina Orschiedt; Hans H. Maurer (February 2013). "Michaelis–Menten kinetic analysis of drugs of abuse to estimate their affinity to human P-glycoprotein". Toxicology Letters. 217 (2): 137–142. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.012. PMID 23273999.
  3. 1 2 Carina S. D. Wink; Golo M. J. Meyer; Dirk K. Wissenbach; Andrea Jacobsen-Bauer; Markus R. Meyer; Hans H. Maurer (October 2014). "Lefetamine-derived designer drugs N-ethyl-1,2-diphenylethylamine (NEDPA) and N-iso-propyl-1,2-diphenylethylamine (NPDPA): Metabolism and detectability in rat urine using GC-MS, LC-MSn and LC-HR-MS/MS". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (10): 1038–1048. doi:10.1002/dta.1621. PMID 24591097.
  4. ↑ Carina S.D. Wink; Golo M.J. Meyer; Markus R. Meyer; Hans H. Maurer (November 2015). "Toxicokinetics of lefetamine and derived diphenylethylamine designer drugs – Contribution of human cytochrome P450 isozymes to their main phase I metabolic steps". Toxicology Letters. 238 (3): 39–44. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.012. PMID 26276083.
  5. ↑ Beharry S, Gibbons S. An overview of emerging and new psychoactive substances in the United Kingdom. Forensic Sci Int. 2016 Oct;267:25-34. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.08.013. PMID 27552699
  6. ↑ Carina S. D. Wink; Golo M. J. Meyer; Josef Zapp; Hans H. Maurer (February 2015). "Lefetamine, a controlled drug and pharmaceutical lead of new designer drugs: synthesis, metabolism, and detectability in urine and human liver preparations using GC-MS, LC-MSn , and LC-high resolution-MS/MS". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 407 (6): 1545–1557. doi:10.1007/s00216-014-8414-3. PMID 25577353.
  7. ↑ "23 nya ämnen kan klassas som narkotika eller hälsofarlig vara" (in Swedish). Folkhälsomyndigheten. 1 June 2015.



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