Madison, Maine

Madison, Maine
Town
Motto: "A great place to live, work & play!"[1]
Madison, Maine

Location within the state of Maine

Coordinates: 44°47′52″N 69°52′47″W / 44.79778°N 69.87972°W / 44.79778; -69.87972Coordinates: 44°47′52″N 69°52′47″W / 44.79778°N 69.87972°W / 44.79778; -69.87972
Country United States
State Maine
County Somerset
Area[2]
 • Total 54.82 sq mi (141.98 km2)
 • Land 51.88 sq mi (134.37 km2)
 • Water 2.94 sq mi (7.61 km2)
Population (2010)[3]
 • Total 4,855
 • Estimate (2012[4]) 4,794
 • Density 93.6/sq mi (36.1/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code 04950
Area code(s) 207
Website Town of Madison, Maine

Madison (formerly Norridgewock) is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,855 at the 2010 census.

History

The area was once territory of the Norridgewock Indians, a band of the Abenaki nation. Early visitors describe extensive fields cleared for cultivation. The tribe also fished the Kennebec River. French Jesuits established an early mission at the village, which was located at Old Point. But Father Sebastien Rale (or Rasle), appointed missionary in 1694, was suspected of abetting the tribe's raids on English settlements. Governor Joseph Dudley put a price on his head. British troops attacked the village in 1705 and again in 1722, but both times Father Rale escaped into the woods. But on August 23, 1724, during Father Rale's War, soldiers attacked the village unexpectedly, killing 26 warriors and wounding 14, with 150 survivors fleeing to Canada. Among the dead was Father Rale.[5]

Settled by English colonists about 1773, the land would be surveyed in 1791. In 1775, Benedict Arnold and his troops would march through Norridgewock Plantation, as it was known, on their way to the ill-fated Battle of Quebec.[6] The town had originally been settled under the name "Norridgewock Falls." This was later changed to "Bernardstown," after the major land owning family, the Bernards. It was then officially incorporated on March 7, 1804, the town was named after United States president James Madison.[7] Farming was an early industry, with hay and cattle the principal products. The native rock is slate, and a quarry was established to extract it. Because of the region's abundant forests, lumbering developed as an industry, with four sawmills operated by water power on the Kennebec. Here the Norridgewock Falls drop 90 feet (27 m) over a mile, which attracted other manufacturers as well. In the 19th century, the small mill town had factories which produced carriages, window sash, window blinds, doors and coffins.[8]

Looking across the Kennebec River at the Madison Paper Mill, Summer Solstice 2008

When the railroad was extended through Madison in 1875, larger mills were built. The first Madison Woolen Mill was constructed in 1881 near the bridge between Madison and Anson, with the firm's second mill built nearby in 1887. In 1890, the Manufacturing Investment Company built a sulfite mill, but it failed. It was taken over in 1899 by the Great Northern Paper Company, which rebuilt the plant to produce wood pulp and paper. Like many New England textile manufacturers, the town's woolen mills eventually went out of business, but the pulp and paper mill remains today as the Madison Paper Industries which will close by May 2016 due to low demand for supercalender paper and Canadian competition.[9]

In 1901, Lakewood Summer Theatre opened in East Madison on the western side of Lake Wesserunsett. Since 1967 it has been the official summer theatre of Maine, and the oldest continually operating summer theatre in America. Actors who have performed at Lakewood include John Travolta, Carol Channing, and Phyllis Diller[10]

Completed in 2007 is the largest structure by volume in Maine, the Backyard Farms greenhouse that covers 24 acres (9.7 ha).[11]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 54.82 square miles (141.98 km2), of which 51.88 square miles (134.37 km2) is land and 2.94 square miles (7.61 km2) is water.[2] Madison is drained by the Kennebec River.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1810686—
182088128.4%
18301,27244.4%
18401,70133.7%
18501,7694.0%
18601,615−8.7%
18701,401−13.3%
18801,315−6.1%
18901,81538.0%
19002,76452.3%
19103,37922.3%
19203,7009.5%
19303,9566.9%
19403,836−3.0%
19503,639−5.1%
19603,9358.1%
19704,2788.7%
19804,3672.1%
19904,7258.2%
20004,523−4.3%
20104,8557.3%
Est. 20144,705[12]−3.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[13]

2010 census

As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 4,855 people, 1,976 households, and 1,271 families residing in the town. The population density was 93.6 inhabitants per square mile (36.1/km2). There were 2,478 housing units at an average density of 47.8 per square mile (18.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.5% White, 0.4% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.4% Asian, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.

There were 1,976 households of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.7% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the town was 44 years. 20.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.2% were from 25 to 44; 30.6% were from 45 to 64; and 18.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

2000 census

As of the census[14] of 2000, there were 4,523 people, 1,890 households, and 1,270 families residing in the town. The population density was 87.4 people per square mile (33.7/km²). There were 2,308 housing units at an average density of 44.6 per square mile (17.2/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 98.12% White, 0.07% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.07% from other races, and 1.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.22% of the population.

There were 1,890 households out of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.79.

In the town the population was spread out with 22.2% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $30,528, and the median income for a family was $36,750. Males had a median income of $30,179 versus $20,827 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,698. About 9.3% of families and 13.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.9% of those under age 18 and 11.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Madison is part of Maine School Administrative District #59.

Schools in the district include Madison Elementary School, Madison Jr. High School and Madison High School.[15]

Notable residents

References

  1. ↑ "Town of Madison, Maine". Town of Madison, Maine. Retrieved August 26, 2012.
  2. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  3. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  4. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
  5. ↑ Norridgewock Indian Village
  6. ↑ Coolidge, Austin J.; John B. Mansfield (1859). A History and Description of New England. Boston, Massachusetts. p. 204.
  7. ↑ Maine League of Historical Societies and Museums (1970). Doris A. Isaacson, ed. Maine: A Guide 'Down East'. Rockland, Me: Courier-Gazette, Inc. p. 380.
  8. ↑ Varney, George J. (1886), Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Madison, Boston: Russell
  9. ↑ History of Madison, Maine
  10. ↑ Lakewood Theater
  11. ↑ Ladd, Chris (March 30, 2010). "Giant Greenhouses Mean Flavorful Tomatoes All Year". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-31. When it was built three years ago, the company's first 24-acre greenhouse in Madison was already the largest building in Maine. This second connected greenhouse, completed last year, brought the total area under glass to some 42 acres, or roughly the size of 32 football fields.
  12. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  13. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  14. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  15. ↑ "MSAD #59/". MSAD #59. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
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