New Rochelle, New York

New Rochelle, New York
City

Seal
Nickname(s): Queen City of the Sound
Motto: Nunquam Retrorsum
(Never Backward)

Location within Westchester County and the state of New York
Coordinates: 40°55′43″N 73°47′3″W / 40.92861°N 73.78417°W / 40.92861; -73.78417Coordinates: 40°55′43″N 73°47′3″W / 40.92861°N 73.78417°W / 40.92861; -73.78417
Country United States
State New York
County Westchester
Incorporated (city) 1899
Government
 • Type Council-Manager
 • Mayor Noam Bramson (D)
Area
 • Total 13.2 sq mi (34.3 km2)
 • Land 10.4 sq mi (26.8 km2)
 • Water 2.9 sq mi (7.5 km2)
Elevation 85 ft (26 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 77,062
 • Density 6,973.5/sq mi (2,692.5/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 10801, 10802, 10804, 10805
Area code(s) 914
FIPS code 36-50617
GNIS feature ID 0958451
Website http://www.newrochelleny.com

New Rochelle /rəˈʃɛl/ is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the southeastern portion of the state.

In 2007, the city had a population of 73,260, making it the seventh-largest in the state of New York.[1] As of the 2010 Census, the city's population had increased to 77,062. In November 2008 Business Week magazine listed New Rochelle as the best city in New York State, and one of the best places nationally, to raise children.[2] In 2014, New Rochelle was voted the 13th best city to live in, out of 550 cities, and was the only city in Westchester County on the list.[3]

History

Etymology and early history

The European settlement was started by refugee Huguenots (French Protestants) in 1688, who were fleeing religious persecution in France (such as dragonnade) after the revocation by the king of the Edict of Nantes. Many of the settlers were artisans and craftsmen from the city of La Rochelle, France, thus influencing the choice of the name of "New Rochelle".

17th century

Statue of Jacob Leisler

Some 33 families established the community of la Nouvelle-Rochelle in 1688. A monument containing the names of these settlers stands in Hudson Park, the original landing point of the Huguenots.[4] Thirty-one years earlier, the Siwanoy Indians, a band of Algonquian-speaking Lenape (also known as the Delaware by English colonists) sold their land to Thomas Pell. In 1689 Pell officially deeded 6,100 acres (25 km2) for the establishment of a Huguenot community.[5] Jacob Leisler is an important figure in the early histories of both New Rochelle and the nation. He arrived in America as a mercenary in the British army and later became one of the most prominent merchants in New York. He was subsequently appointed acting-governor of the province, and it was during this time that he acted on behalf of the Huguenots.[6]

Of all the Huguenot settlements in America founded with the intention of being distinctly French colonies, New Rochelle most clearly conformed to the plans of its founders. The colony continued to attract French refugees until as late as 1760. The choice of name for the city reflected the importance of the city of La Rochelle and of the new settlement in Huguenot history and distinctly French character of the community. French was spoken, and it was common practice for people in neighboring areas to send their children to New Rochelle to learn the language.[7]

18th century

The Thomas Paine Monument

In 1775, General George Washington stopped in New Rochelle on his way to assume command of the Army of the United Colonies in Massachusetts.[8] The British Army briefly occupied sections of New Rochelle and Larchmont in 1776. Following British victory in the Battle of White Plains, New Rochelle became part of a "Neutral Ground" for General Washington to regroup his troops.[8] After the Revolutionary War ended in 1784, patriot Thomas Paine was given a farm in New Rochelle for his service to the cause of independence. The farm, totaling about 300 acres (1.2 km2), had been confiscated from its owners by state of New York due to their Tory activities.

The first national census of 1790 shows New Rochelle with 692 residents. 136 were African American, including 36 who were freemen and the remainder slaves.[9]

19th century

Through the 18th century, New Rochelle had remained a modest village that retained an abundance of agricultural land. During the 19th century, however, New York City was a destination from the mid-century on by waves of immigration, principally from Ireland and Germany. More established American families left New York City and moved into this area. Although the original Huguenot population was rapidly shrinking in relative size, through ownership of land, businesses, banks, and small manufactures, they retained a predominant hold on the political and social life of the town.

The 1820 Census showed 150 African-Americans residing in New Rochelle, six of whom were still slaves. The state had abolished slavery with by a gradual plan; children of slave mothers were born free and all slaves were freed by 1827.

In 1857 the Village of New Rochelle was established within the borders of the Town of New Rochelle. A group of volunteers created the first fire service in 1861. In 1899, a bill creating the New Rochelle City Charter was signed by Governor Theodore Roosevelt. It was through this bill that the Village and Town of New Rochelle were joined into one municipality. In 1899, Michael J. Dillon narrowly defeated Hugh A. Harmer to become New Rochelle's first mayor. The recently established city charter designated a board of aldermen as the legislative unit (with two members to be elected from each of four wards, and 10 elected from the city at-large.[10]

Modern history

20th and 21st centuries

Early 1900s development announcement

By 1900 New Rochelle had a population of 14,720. Throughout the city, farms, estates, and wooded homesteads were bought up by realty and development companies.[11] Planned residential neighborhoods such as Rochelle Park, one of the first planned communities in the country, soon spread across the city, earning New Rochelle the sobriquet "City of Homes".[12] In 1909, Edwin Thanhouser established Thanhouser Film Corporation. Thanhouser's Million Dollar Mystery was one of the first serial motion pictures.[13] In 1923, New Rochelle resident Anna Jones became the first African-American woman to be admitted to the New York State Bar.[14]

Poet and resident James J. Montague captured the image of New Rochelle in his 1926 poem "Queen City of the Sound".:[15]

“
No stern and rock bound coast is here,
But, peaceful and at ease
The quiet sea lies blue and clear
Beside the spreading trees.
Afar from din of marts and mills
A happy people dwell
Among the placid, green clad hills
Of lovely New Rochelle

(. . . .)

When Nature, seeking upon men
To cast a magic spell,
She looked the world around – and then
She fashioned New Rochelle.
 ”
— James J. Montague

In 1930, New Rochelle recorded a population of 54,000, up from 36,213 only ten years earlier. During the 1930s, New Rochelle was the wealthiest city per capita in New York state and the third wealthiest in the country.[16]

By the end of the century, the Metro North railroad station was rebuilt along with a $190 million entertainment complex, nicknamed New Roc City, which features a 19-screen movie theater, an IMAX theater, an indoor ice-hockey arena, mini-golf, go karts, an arcade, restaurants, a hotel, loft-apartments and a mega supermarket. The complex was built on the site of the former New Rochelle Mall, which had opened in 1968.[17]

In 2014, New Rechelle's planning board approved $149 million in developments to three major sections of the city. The developments include restaurants, stores, hotels, an entertainment area, theaters and a mixed-use waterfront area, and are expected to be completed within 10 years.[18]

Geography

New Rochelle is located at the southeastern point of continental New York State. It lies on the Long Island Sound, bordered on the west by Pelham, Pelham Manor and Eastchester, by Scarsdale to the north and east, and Mamaroneck and Larchmont to the east. The city lies 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the New York City border (Pelham Bay Park in The Bronx). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.2 square miles (34.3 km2). The city has a rough triangle shape, approximately 10 miles (16 km) from north to south and 1.5 miles (2 km) from east to west at its widest point.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1790692—
1870279—
18909,057—
190014,72062.5%
191028,86796.1%
192036,21325.4%
193054,00049.1%
194058,4088.2%
195059,7252.3%
196076,81228.6%
197075,385−1.9%
198070,794−6.1%
199067,265−5.0%
200072,1827.3%
201077,0626.8%
Est. 201579,846[19]3.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[20]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 77,062 people residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 47.9% White, 18.1% Black, 0.1% Native American, 4.2% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from some other race and 1.5% from two or more races. 27.8% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

As measured by the census[21] of 2000, New Rochelle had a population of 72,182 people, 24,275 occupied households, and 17,546 families residing in the city. The population density was 6,973.5 people per square mile (2,692.7/km²). There were 26,995 housing units at an average density of 2,608.0 per square mile (1,007.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 68% White, 19% African American, 0.20% Native American, 4% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 6% from other races, and 3% from two or more races. 20% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In the city the population was spread out with 24.0% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males. There were 26,189 households out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.29.

19,312 residents of New Rochelle were enrolled in school, with 2,743 in pre-school or kindergarten, 8,105 in elementary school, 3,704 in high school and 5,030 in college or graduate school. Out of 42,872 individuals over the age of 25, 20% (9,766) had no high school diploma, 23% (11,325) were high school graduates, 14% (6,710) achieved some level of college education, 5% (2,347) held an associate degree, 19% (9,120) held a bachelor's degree and 20% (9,604) possessed a graduate or other advanced degree.

The working population was 35,262, 95.7% of whom were employed. The occupational breakdown had 42% working in 'management', 25% working in 'sales', 17% in 'services', 8% in 'construction', and 7% in 'production and transport'. The average daily commute was 30 minutes, with 60% driving to work, 12% carpooling, 18% traveling via public-transportation and 7% using other means.

According to the 2007 Census Bureau estimates, the median income for a household in the city was $64,756 and the median income for a family was $88,004.[22] About 9.8% of the population lived below the poverty line.

Residential profile

New Rochelle is commonly referred to as the Home Town because of the significant amount of single-family, residential development that exists throughout most of the city. While the formerly industrial downtown section is more densely developed, with condominiums, high rises, offices, shopping centers, affordable housing complexes, a medical center, nursing homes, two college campuses and an inter modal transportation hub, the rest of the city consists of sprawling, residential neighborhoods. There are more than 11,500 single family units within the city, more than that of neighboring Larchmont, Mamaroneck and Scarsdale combined. The total number of separate households surpasses 26,000, more than that of neighboring Pelham, Pelham Manor, Eastchester, Scarsdale, Mamaroneck and Larchmont combined.

Housing variety

Some of the country's most expensive real estate can be found in New Rochelle. The north end of the city (10804) is ranked in Forbes magazine's list of the '500 most expensive zip-codes' in the country.[23] According to the list, the average household income was $199,061 and the average home price was over $752,000. Homes in Premium Point, a gated section of the city on Long Island Sound, are priced anywhere from $2 to $20 million. The three newest residential developments, 'Kensington Woods', 'The Greens at Cherry Lawn' and 'Riviera Shores', are all gated communities with single family homes priced from $2 million. With a population approaching 80,000 residents, New York State law dictates that the city provide an adequate amount of affordable housing units. New Rochelle has historically met and surpassed state requirements. It is working to replace the existing Weyman Avenue Projects with more community-centered, townhouse-style housing units. By embracing the needs of the poor, New Rochelle sets a precedent for other suburban communities to follow. Neighboring towns, including Mamaroneck, Larchmont and Scarsdale, have failed to meet the minimal affordable housing requirements set by the state. Popular consensus is that the presence of the poor precludes that of the middle-class and the wealthy. Considering the large number of working-class and affordable housing units found 'Downtown', the high property values prevalent throughout most of the city reflects the true economic diversity of New Rochelle. It is home to a range of families, from the financially disadvantaged to the very wealthy. One of 'the wealthiest people in the United States,' according to Forbes magazine, was longtime New Rochelle resident and businessman Sidney Frank.

Communities

Within the greater city borders are many established neighborhoods and subsections, several of which are larger in both size and population than neighboring towns of Larchmont, Bronxville and Pelham Manor. The public community areas most noted include: Bayberry, Beechmont, Bloomingdale Estates, Bonniecrest, Daisy Farms, Davenport Neck, Echo Manor, Forest Heights, Forest Knolls, French Ridge, Glen Island, Glenwood Lake, Heathcote, Lake Isle, Larchmont Woods, Lyncroft, Northfield, North Ridge, Paine Heights, Pinebrook, Premium Manor, Quaker Ridge, Residence Park, Rochelle Heights, Sans Souci, Scarsdale Downs, Shore Road, Sutton Manor, Vaneck Estates, Ward Acres, Wilmot Woods and Wykagyl. Premium Point, Kensington Woods and Cherry Lawn are gated neighborhoods accessible only by those immediate residents.

Government

New Rochelle City Hall

Since 1932, New Rochelle has operated under a Council-Manager form of government. The City Manager is the chief administrative officer of the city selected to carry out the directives of the Council. The Manager monitors the city's fiscal condition and enforces its ordinances and laws. The City Manager is involved in the discussion of all matters coming before Council yet has no final vote. The City Council is the legislative body consisting of the Mayor and six council members. The Mayor serves as the presiding officer of the Council. Since 1993, the City has had six council districts, with one council member elected from and by each district. The Council functions to set policy, approve the annual budget, appoint the City Manager and City Clerk, and enact local laws, resolutions & ordinances.[24]

Crime statistics

According to the New Rochelle Police Department, New Rochelle is the safest city of its size in New York State and the fifth safest city of its size in the United States.[25] The majority of crimes committed within New Rochelle are non-violent property crimes, including burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. Property crime, on a scale of 1 (low crime) to 10, is 4 compared to the US average of 3. Violent crime (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) is 3, equal to the US average.[26]

Emergency services

Fire Department

The New Rochelle Fire Department (NRFD) provides fire protection and first responder emergency medical services to the city of New Rochelle.[27] The New Rochelle Fire Department responds to approximately 8,000 emergency calls annually. The city also contracts with a commercial ambulance service, Transcare Emergency Medical Ambulance Services, to provide dedicated ALS Ambulances to the city 24/7, 365. Two ambulances from Transcare EMS are stationed at two New Rochelle Fire Department firehouses in the southern and northern sections of the city.[28] The New Rochelle Fire Department is sub-divided into 2 main divisions of operation: Fire and Emergency Operations and Support Services. Each of these divisions are commanded by a Deputy Chief.[29][30]

The Fire and Emergency Operations Division is commanded by 4 Deputy Chiefs, 1 per shift/squad, who reports to the Chief of Department/Fire Commissioner. This division supervises the department's 8 fire companies and 155 uniformed members.

The NRFD currently operates out of 5 Fire Stations, located throughout the city, under the command of a Deputy Chief/Tour Commander per shift. The New Rochelle Fire Department also operates and maintains a fire apparatus fleet of 5 Engines, 3 Ladders, 1 Rescue, and numerous Special, Support, and Reserve Units.[30] In addition to the 5 Fire Stations, the NRFD also operates a Fire Headquarters administrative building.[31]

Police

The Town of New Rochelle formed its first professional police department in 1885, 14 years before the city incorporated in 1899. The Department currently has 186 sworn officers and a total staff of more than 250. In 1993 the Department was certified as an accredited agency by the New York State Law Enforcement Accreditation Council. Special programs include community oriented policing through the 'Police and Community Together' (PACT) program, harbor patrol, and a bicycle patrol.[32]

Medical

Sound Shore Medical Center, also known as Montefiore New Rochelle Hospital, is a not-for-profit health care organization located in New Rochelle that treats over 85,000 patients annually and operates the only New York State Area Trauma Center in southern Westchester County.

Ambulance service is provided by Transcare EMS, which operates 3 Paramedic-staffed Medic Ambulances throughout the city.

Landmarks and attractions

Overlooking Davids' Island

Parks and recreation

Islands along New Rochelle's waterfront
Bayside, New Rochelle, New York, by David Johnson, 1886

Waterfront

The shoreline within the City of New Rochelle measures 2.7 miles (4.3 km), but due to many irregularities and off-shore islands, the actual length of the waterfront is 9.3 miles (15.0 km). The unusual coastal features have over the years earned it the nickname, "the Queen City of the Sound."[35]

Parks

The City has an impressive collection of parklands and nature preserves, with 102.5 acres (0.415 km2) of inland waters, 231.51 acres (0.9369 km2) of public park lands and 168 acres (0.68 km2) of park lets.

Golf

Tennis

Education

Public

The city is served by the City School District of New Rochelle, which operates a public high school, two junior high schools and ten elementary schools. On seven separate occasions, the City's schools have received the prestigious Blue Ribbon Award from the U.S. Department of Education. New Rochelle High School is one of the most diverse high schools in the country; the student body represents over 60 different countries from around the world. The school offers over 240 courses including honors, research and advanced placement courses.

Libraries are operated by the New Rochelle Public Library System which is part of the county-wide Westchester Library System.

Private

Primary and secondary

Higher education

Miscellaneous education

The Japanese Weekend School of New York, a Japanese weekend school, has its offices in New Roc City in New Rochelle.[39] As of 2006 the school had about 800 students, including Japanese citizens, and Japanese Americans, at locations in Westchester County and Long Island.[40]

Transportation

Road

Major highways include Interstate 95 and the Hutchinson River Parkway. Interstate 95 serves as the main route through New Rochelle with four exits directly serving the city. The Hutchinson River Parkway, which is designated for passenger vehicles only, runs through much of the city. Substantial congestion on the Parkway occurs in both directions during the morning and evening rush-hour.

The Boston Post Road, also known as Main Street in downtown New Rochelle, is used as a major artery during the morning and evening commute. Most traffic via the Post Road is short distance or fairly local, yet vehicles have utilized Route 1 during times of heavy congestion on I-95 as a re-route.

Railroad

The city has a commuter railroad station served by Metro North and Amtrak.[41]

Railroad history

By 1848, the New York & New Haven opened their line along Long Island Sound. After the Civil War, proposals for new railroads reached new levels. Banking that the city would continue to grow northward, the New York, Westchester and Boston Railway Company was established to serve the large populations moving to the suburbs. Two main lines were built as part of the NYW&B; the Port Chester line and the White Plains line. While the populations of some communities served by the NYW&B did grow between 1912 and 1937, the growth was not sufficient or fast enough to provide adequate business for the railroad, and service was discontinued on December 31, 1937.

Economy

New Rochelle has been home to a variety of industries over the years, including: Thanhouser Film Studios, Terrytoons Studios, P.J. Tierney Diner Manufacturing (now DeRaffele Manufacturing Company), Flynn Burner Company, New York Seven Up (Joyce Beverages, Inc), RawlPlug, Inc., the Longines Symphonette Society, Conran's USA. Manufacturing and warehousing has declined since the 1990s as industrial land near both exits from Interstate 95 have been converted to "big box" retailer use. New Rochelle remains a center of business, home to the corporate headquarters of Sidney Frank Importing, Blimpies, East River Savings Bank, and Somnia Anesthesia Services.

New Rochelle in media and fiction

Notable people

Sister city

New Rochelle’s ‘sister city’ is La Rochelle, France, a city and commune of western France with a (population 78,000 in 2004). There has been a 'friendly relationship' between the two cities since 1910.[64]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Subcounty population estimates: New York 2000–2007" (CSV). United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2009-03-18. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  2. ↑ The Best Places to Raise Kids 2009 accessdate=2008-11-24
  3. ↑
  4. ↑ Historical Landmarks of New Rochelle, Morgan Seacord 1938 pg.6
  5. ↑ New York – A Guide to The Empire State, Work Projects Administration of New York pg.245
  6. ↑ History of Westchester County, New York, J. Thomas Scharf, A.M., LL.D., p688
  7. ↑ Historical Landmarks of New Rochelle, Morgan H. Seacord and William S. Hadaway, pg.94
  8. 1 2 New Rochelle On-line
  9. ↑ Archive of "New Rochelle On-line" at the Wayback Machine (archived February 19, 2004)
  10. ↑
  11. ↑ New Rochelle Online – History:20th Century
  12. ↑ If You're Thinking of Living in: NEW ROCHELLE, New York Times, 1987
  13. ↑ The Thanhouser Company of New Rochelle, a Dossier;Author=Anthony Slide;Published=1974
  14. ↑ New Rochelle Online – History:20th Century
  15. ↑ "New Rochelle The City of Huguenots"; The City of New Rochelle – Chamber of Commerce;1926, The Knickerbocker Press, New Rochelle, NY
  16. ↑ New Rochelle Online – History:20th Century
  17. ↑ New Roc City complex opens in New Rochelle, AllBusiness, September 29, 1999
  18. ↑ Eberhart, Christopher J. (July 10, 2016). "New Rochelle Approves $149M In Development". Lohud.
  19. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  20. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  21. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  22. ↑ 2006 American Community Survey, Data Profile Highlights: New Rochelle city, New York, U.S. Census Bureau website
  23. ↑ "10804, Most Expensive ZIP Codes 2006 - Forbes.com". Forbes.
  24. ↑ New Rochelle On-line
  25. ↑ The Journal News,'New Rochelle Police Report: City is Fifth Safest of Its Size in the Nation', by Leslie Korngold http://www.newrochelledowntown.com/articles/?article=85
  26. ↑ Sperling's Best Places| New Rochelle, New York Crime Data
  27. ↑ http://www.newrochelleny.com/index.aspx?NID=325
  28. ↑ http://www.newrochelleny.com/index.aspx?NID=385
  29. ↑ http://www.newrochelleny.com/index.aspx?nid=386
  30. 1 2 http://www.newrochelleny.com/DocumentCenter/View/3393
  31. ↑ http://www.newrochelleny.com/Facilities.aspx?Page=detail&RID=6
  32. ↑ The New Rochelle Police Department (A Brief History), New Rochelle Police Department website, accessed September 16, 2008
  33. ↑ "CBS on an Island". Time. 1940-09-02. Retrieved 2007-03-13.
  34. ↑ Kennedy Jr., T.R (1941-10-12). "Radio 'Island' Comes to Life" (PDF, fee required). The New York Times. p. X12. Retrieved 2007-03-13. (Reprint)
  35. ↑ Nicknames of American Cities, Towns, and Villages:past & present, Gerard L. Alexander, pg.69 Special Libraries Association 1951
  36. ↑ Ward Acres Natural Resource Management Plan and Biodiversity List http://www.newrochelleny.com/WardAcresNRMPFinal.pdf
  37. ↑ http://www.westchestergov.com/planning/Design/ColonialGreenway11x17.pdf
  38. ↑ "Twin Lakes Park / Nature Study Woods, New Rochelle and Eastchester". Hudson River Audubon Society of Westchester. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
  39. ↑ "補習校事務所." Japanese Weekend School of New York. Retrieved on July 8, 2013.
  40. ↑ Matsuda, Akiko. "Learning their mother tongue." The Journal News. August 16, 2006. p. A1. Retrieved on July 8, 2013. "Atsushi Kaizuka, assistant principal of the Japanese Weekend School of New York, which serves about 800 Japanese or Japanese American students at its Westchester and Long Island schools, said Matthews' attempt seemed to be an uphill battle. "
  41. ↑ http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/am2Station/Station_Page&c=am2Station&cid=1080080550830&ssid=98
  42. ↑ Thanhouser Films: An Encyclopedia and History, 1909–1918. Q. David Bowers
  43. ↑ Cinema History of Dr.Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
  44. ↑ Fascinating Life of Rev. Albert Fay Hill '50 Recalled in Denver Post
  45. ↑ Terrytoons Titles
  46. ↑ Our Musicals, Ourselves: A Social History of the American Musical Theater By John Bush Jones, page.185
  47. ↑ The Story Of Vernon And Irene Castle: Review tvguide.com
  48. ↑ George M. Cohan in His Own Words By Chip Deffaa, George Michael Cohan, page.48
  49. ↑ David Ewen (1961). Musical comedy is born (The Story of America's Musical Theater). Chilton Company. pp. 65–76. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  50. ↑ From 'Ragtime' to Rich Mosaic; New Rochelle, Diverse Suburb, Once a Leafy Enclave – New York Times
  51. ↑ The Dick Van Dyke Show By Ginny Weissman, Coyne Steven Sanders, page.2
  52. ↑ Title=Division and diversity: Community transition in postwar America, 1945—1970. New Rochelle, New York, a case study|Page= author=Guttman, Gail Kaplan, Ph.D.|Publisher= Columbia University|Date= 2001
  53. ↑ Catch Me If You Can – Trailer – Cast – Showtimes – The New York Times
  54. ↑ On Location; New Rochelle? No, Yonkers, The New York Times
  55. ↑ Dallas Morning News | News for Dallas, Texas | SportsDay: Where Are They Now?
  56. ↑ Scream for help (1986) movies.com
  57. ↑ Film locations for Goodfellas
  58. ↑ Page 1, City Slackers
  59. ↑ Love Is All There Is (1996), Cast and Credits Yahoo! Movies
  60. ↑ WEST GOES EAST- New York Post
  61. ↑ Fall Out Boy Get Into The Teen Spirit For Homecoming 'Dance' mtv.com
  62. ↑ Fall Out Boy Makes a Video (2005) imbd.com
  63. ↑ DP Seth Melnick Gives Panasonic's AG-HPX500 its Feature Debut With Chasing the Green, October 24, 2007
  64. ↑ "La Rochelle: Twin towns". www.ville-larochelle.fr. Retrieved 2009-11-07.
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