Mac OS Roman

Mac OS Roman

MIME	macintosh
Alias(es)	mac

Mac OS Roman is a character encoding primarily used by the classic Mac OS to represent text. It encodes 256 characters, the first 128 of which are identical to ASCII, with the remaining characters including mathematical symbols, diacritics, and additional punctuation marks. It is suitable for English and several other Western languages. Mac OS Roman is a superset of the original Macintosh character set, used in System 1.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority identifies this encoding using the string "macintosh". The MIME Content-Type for this encoding is therefore "text/plain; charset=macintosh". Mac OS Roman is also referred to as MacRoman or the Apple Standard Roman character set. The Microsoft Windows code page number is 10000.

Codepage layout

The following table shows how characters are encoded in Macintosh Roman. Each character is shown with its Unicode equivalent right below and its decimal code at the bottom.

Legend:

Alphabetic   Control character   Numeric digit   Punctuation

Extended punctuation   Graphic character   International   Undefined

Mac OS Roman

Mac OS Roman

	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	NUL 0000 0	SOH 0001 1	STX 0002 2	ETX 0003 3	EOT 0004 4	ENQ 0005 5	ACK 0006 6	BEL 0007 7	BS 0008 8	HT 0009 9	LF 000A 10	VT 000B 11	FF 000C 12	CR 000D 13	SO 000E 14	SI 000F 15
1_	DLE 0010 16	DC1^⌘ 0011 17	DC2^⌘ 0012 18	DC3^⌘ 0013 19	DC4^⌘ 0014 20	NAK 0015 21	SYN 0016 22	ETB 0017 23	CAN 0018 24	EM 0019 25	SUB 001A 26	ESC 001B 27	FS 001C 28	GS 001D 29	RS 001E 30	US 001F 31
2_	SP 0020 32	! 0021 33	" 0022 34	# 0023 35	$ 0024 36	% 0025 37	& 0026 38	' 0027 39	( 0028 40	) 0029 41	* 002A 42	+ 002B 43	, 002C 44	- 002D 45	. 002E 46	/ 002F 47
3_	0 0030 48	1 0031 49	2 0032 50	3 0033 51	4 0034 52	5 0035 53	6 0036 54	7 0037 55	8 0038 56	9 0039 57	: 003A 58	; 003B 59	< 003C 60	= 003D 61	> 003E 62	? 003F 63
4_	@ 0040 64	A 0041 65	B 0042 66	C 0043 67	D 0044 68	E 0045 69	F 0046 70	G 0047 71	H 0048 72	I 0049 73	J 004A 74	K 004B 75	L 004C 76	M 004D 77	N 004E 78	O 004F 79
5_	P 0050 80	Q 0051 81	R 0052 82	S 0053 83	T 0054 84	U 0055 85	V 0056 86	W 0057 87	X 0058 88	Y 0059 89	Z 005A 90	[ 005B 91	\ 005C 92	] 005D 93	^ 005E 94	_ 005F 95
6_	` 0060 96	a 0061 97	b 0062 98	c 0063 99	d 0064 100	e 0065 101	f 0066 102	g 0067 103	h 0068 104	i 0069 105	j 006A 106	k 006B 107	l 006C 108	m 006D 109	n 006E 110	o 006F 111
7_	p 0070 112	q 0071 113	r 0072 114	s 0073 115	t 0074 116	u 0075 117	v 0076 118	w 0077 119	x 0078 120	y 0079 121	z 007A 122	{ 007B 123	| 007C 124	} 007D 125	~ 007E 126	DEL 007F 127
8_	Ä 00C4 128	Å 00C5 129	Ç 00C7 130	É 00C9 131	Ñ 00D1 132	Ö 00D6 133	Ü 00DC 134	á 00E1 135	à 00E0 136	â 00E2 137	ä 00E4 138	ã 00E3 139	å 00E5 140	ç 00E7 141	é 00E9 142	è 00E8 143
9_	ê 00EA 144	ë 00EB 145	í 00ED 146	ì 00EC 147	î 00EE 148	ï 00EF 149	ñ 00F1 150	ó 00F3 151	ò 00F2 152	ô 00F4 153	ö 00F6 154	õ 00F5 155	ú 00FA 156	ù 00F9 157	û 00FB 158	ü 00FC 159
A_	† 2020 160	° 00B0 161	¢ 00A2^* 162	£ 00A3^* 163	§ 00A7 164	• 2022 165	¶ 00B6 166	ß 00DF 167	® 00AE 168	© 00A9^* 169	™ 2122 170	´ 00B4 171	¨ 00A8 172	≠ 2260 173	Æ 00C6 174	Ø 00D8 175
B_	∞ 221E 176	± 00B1^* 177	≤ 2264 178	≥ 2265 179	¥ 00A5 180	µ 00B5^* 181	∂ 2202 182	∑ 2211 183	∏ 220F 184	π 03C0 185	∫ 222B 186	ª 00AA 187	º 00BA 188	Ω 03A9 189	æ 00E6 190	ø 00F8 191
C_	¿ 00BF 192	¡ 00A1 193	¬ 00AC 194	√ 221A 195	ƒ 0192 196	≈ 2248 197	∆ 2206 198	« 00AB 199	» 00BB 200	… 2026 201	NBSP 00A0 202	À 00C0 203	à 00C3 204	Õ 00D5 205	Œ 0152 206	œ 0153 207
D_	– 2013 208	— 2014 209	“ 201C 210	” 201D 211	‘ 2018 212	’ 2019 213	÷ 00F7 214	◊ 25CA 215	ÿ 00FF 216	Ÿ 0178 217	⁄ 2044 218	€^¤ 20AC 219	‹ 2039 220	› 203A 221	fi FB01 222	fl FB02 223
E_	‡ 2021 224	· 00B7 225	‚ 201A 226	„ 201E 227	‰ 2030 228	Â 00C2 229	Ê 00CA 230	Á 00C1 231	Ë 00CB 232	È 00C8 233	Í 00CD 234	Î 00CE 235	Ï 00CF 236	Ì 00CC 237	Ó 00D3 238	Ô 00D4 239
F_	^a F8FF 240	Ò 00D2 241	Ú 00DA 242	Û 00DB 243	Ù 00D9 244	ı 0131 245	ˆ 02C6 246	˜ 02DC 247	¯ 00AF 248	˘ 02D8 249	˙ 02D9 250	˚ 02DA 251	¸ 00B8 252	˝ 02DD 253	˛ 02DB 254	ˇ 02C7 255
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F

• ^⌘ The (usually nonprintable) character 0x11 is mapped to the Command key glyph (⌘) in many fonts, particularly those intended for use as system fonts. It is mappable to the Unicode character U+2318 ⌘ PLACE OF INTEREST SIGN. The codes 0x12, 0x13, and 0x14 were also used for icons to indicate the shift, option, and control keys in menu items.
• ^* The codes 0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA9, 0xB1, and 0xB5 coincidentally have the same character assignment as ISO 8859-1 (and thus Unicode).
• ^¤ Before Mac OS 8.5, the character 0xDB mapped to currency sign (¤), Unicode character U+00A4.
• ^a The character 0xF0 is a solid Apple logo. The Unicode equivalent U+F8FF is in the Corporate Private Use Area, but it is probably not supported on non-Apple platforms.

Application notes

With the release of Mac OS X (now called macOS), Mac OS Roman and all other "scripts" (as the Mac OS called them) were replaced by UTF-8 as the standard character encoding for the Macintosh operating system. However, default character encoding in Java for macOS is still MacRoman (see Mac Dev Center), and the keyboard layout with its combination of control, option, and dead keys still map to the original characters in MacRoman. The default character encoding for Java can be changed to UTF-8 by adding the following line to .bashrc:

export set JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Dfile.encoding=UTF8"

See also

• Western Latin character sets (computing)

References

• Apple Computer, Inc. (1993). Inside Macintosh: Text. New York: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-63298-5.
• Apple Computer, Inc. (1985). Inside Macintosh Volume I. New York: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-17731-5.

External links

• http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/ROMAN.TXT
• http://developer.apple.com/documentation/mac/Text/Text-30.html#HEADING30-9 Description of Mac OS Roman