United States Senate election in Virginia, 2012
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U.S. Senate election results map. Blue denotes counties/districts won by Kaine. Red denotes those won by Allen. |
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The 2012 United States Senate election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the 2012 U.S. presidential election as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Jim Webb decided to retire instead of running for re-election to a second term.[2] Former Governor of Virginia Tim Kaine was unopposed for the Democratic nomination[3] and the Republican party nominated former Senator and Governor George Allen through a primary on June 12, 2012.[4] Kaine won the open seat.
Republican primary
In Virginia, parties have the option of whether to hold a primary or to nominate their candidate through a party convention. In November 2010, the Virginia GOP announced that it had chosen to hold a primary.[5]
Candidates
Declared
Withdrawn
- Tim Donner, founder of Horizons Television[10]
- David McCormick, attorney[11]
Declined
Debates
Three debates between Republican candidates were announced before the primary on June 12, 2012. The debates took place in Richmond, Northern Virginia, and Hampton Roads.[17]
Polling
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
George Allen |
E. W. Jackson |
Bob Marshall |
David McCormick |
Jamie Radtke |
Undecided |
Washington Post |
April 28 – May 2, 2012 |
1,101 |
± 3.5% |
62% |
3% |
12% |
— |
5% |
18% |
Public Policy Polling |
April 26–29, 2012 |
400 |
± 4.9% |
66% |
2% |
8% |
— |
3% |
20% |
Public Policy Polling |
December 11–13, 2011 |
350 |
± 5.2% |
67% |
2% |
3% |
2% |
5% |
21% |
Public Policy Polling |
July 21–24, 2011 |
400 |
± 4.9% |
68% |
2% |
2% |
0% |
6% |
22% |
Endorsements
Jamie Radtke |
- Bob Arment, Louisa County Republican Party Chairman
- Steve Arrington, Bedford County Supervisor
- James Fisher, Fauquier County Commonwealth’s Attorney
- Jeff Frederick, former Virginia House of Delegates member
- Joe Glover, Family Policy Network president
- Jack Reid, former Virginia House of Delegates member
- Eva Scott, Former Virginia state senator
- John Sharp, Bedford County Supervisor
- Richard Viguerie, conservative activist
|
Results
Republican primary results[23]
Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
|
Republican |
George Allen |
167,607 |
65.5 |
|
Republican |
Jamie Radtke |
59,005 |
23.0 |
|
Republican |
Bob Marshall |
17,302 |
6.8 |
|
Republican |
E.W. Jackson |
12,083 |
4.7 |
Total votes |
255,997 |
100 |
General election
Candidates
Only Allen and Kaine qualified for the ballot.
Debates
David Gregory moderated a debate between Kaine and Allen on September 20, 2012. Topics included partisan gridlock in Washington policy making, job creation, tax policy, and Middle East unrest.[26]
- External links
- Complete video of debate at C-SPAN, first debate, September 20, 2012
- Complete video of debate, C-SPAN, second debate, October 8, 2012
- Complete video of debate, C-SPAN, third debate, October 18, 2012
Campaign
Once incumbent U.S. Senator Jim Webb decided to retire, many Democratic candidates were speculated. These included U.S. Congressmen Rick Boucher,[27] Gerry Connolly,[28] Glenn Nye,[29] Tom Perriello[30] and Bobby Scott.[31] However, they all declined and encouraged Kaine to run for the seat, believing he would be by far the most electable candidate. Courtney Lynch, former Marine Corps Officer and Fairfax business consultant[32] and Julien Modica, former CEO of the Brain Trauma Recovery & Policy Institute,[32] eventually withdrew from the election, allowing Kaine to be unopposed in the Democratic primary.
Fundraising
Candidate (party) |
Receipts |
Disbursements |
Cash on hand |
Debt |
Tim Kaine (D) |
$10,390,929 |
$7,666,452 |
$2,724,476 |
$0 |
George Allen (R) |
$8,015,948 |
$4,678,004 |
$3,337,942 |
$0 |
Kevin Chisholm (I) |
$24,165 |
$24,162 |
$0 |
$0 |
Terrence Modglin (I) |
$5,655 |
$5,389 |
$266 |
$0 |
Source: Federal Election Commission[33][34][35][36] |
Top contributors
[37]
Tim Kaine |
Contribution |
George Allen |
Contribution |
Kevin Chisholm |
Contribution |
League of Conservation Voters |
$76,568 |
McGuireWoods LLP |
$76,950 |
Valu Net |
$2,475 |
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld |
$51,650 |
Altria Group |
$64,749 |
Geolq Inc |
$1,500 |
University of Virginia |
$42,075 |
Alpha Natural Resources |
$38,000 |
McGuireWoods LLP |
$38,550 |
Elliott Management Corporation |
$35,913 |
Covington & Burling |
$36,700 |
Koch Industries |
$35,000 |
DLA Piper |
$31,750 |
Lorillard Tobacco Company |
$34,715 |
Bain Capital |
$30,000 |
Alliance Resource Partners |
$33,500 |
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom |
$28,250 |
Dominion Resources |
$31,800 |
Patton Boggs LLP |
$26,750 |
Norfolk Southern |
$31,550 |
Norfolk Southern |
$26,000 |
Boeing |
$23,750 |
Top industries
[38]
Tim Kaine |
Contribution |
George Allen |
Contribution |
Kevin Chisholm |
Contribution |
Terrence Modglin |
Contribution |
Lawyers/Law Firms |
$1,297,792 |
Retired |
$709,693 |
Misc Energy |
$250 |
Lawyers/Law Firms |
$200 |
Retired |
$762,722 |
Real Estate |
$384,038 |
Financial Institutions |
$477,700 |
Lawyers/Law Firms |
$348,459 |
Business Services |
$373,900 |
Financial Institutions |
$299,115 |
Real Estate |
$372,829 |
Leadership PACs |
$277,000 |
Lobbyists |
$287,545 |
Lobbyists |
$275,600 |
Education |
$282,475 |
Mining |
$197,206 |
Misc Finance |
$218,600 |
Oil & Gas |
$196,400 |
Leadership PACs |
$201,500 |
Insurance |
$159,065 |
Entertainment industry |
$156,279 |
Misc Finance |
$157,963 |
Independent expenditures
In early October 2012, Crossroads GPS announced it would launch a $16 million advertising buy in national races, of which four were this and three other Senate elections.[39]
Polling
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tim Kaine (D) |
George Allen (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Rasmussen Reports |
November 4, 2012 |
750 |
± 4% |
49% |
47% |
1% |
4% |
Public Policy Polling |
November 3–4, 2012 |
975 |
± 3.1% |
52% |
46% |
— |
2% |
NBC/WSJ/Marist |
November 1–2, 2012 |
1,165 |
± 2.9% |
49% |
46% |
— |
4% |
WeAskAmerica |
October 30–November 1, 2012 |
1,069 |
± 3% |
50% |
50% |
— |
— |
Reuters/Ipsos |
October 29–31, 2012 |
703 |
± 4.2% |
47% |
45% |
1% |
7% |
855 |
± 3.8% |
50% |
38% |
1% |
11% |
Zogby/Newsmax |
October 27–29, 2012 |
829 |
± 3.5% |
45% |
46% |
— |
9% |
Zogby/Newsmax |
October 26–28, 2012 |
1,076 |
± 3% |
47% |
45% |
— |
8% |
CBS/NYT/Quinnipiac |
October 23–28, 2012 |
1,074 |
± 3% |
50% |
46% |
— |
4% |
Gravis Marketing |
October 26, 2012 |
645 |
± 3.9% |
46% |
48% |
— |
5% |
Roanoke College |
October 23–26, 2012 |
638 |
± 4.0% |
42% |
47% |
— |
10% |
Washington Post |
October 22–26, 2012 |
1,228 |
± 3.5% |
51% |
44% |
— |
5% |
Rasmussen Reports |
October 24, 2012 |
750 |
± 4.0% |
49% |
48% |
3% |
— |
Rasmussen Reports |
October 18, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.0% |
49% |
48% |
3% |
— |
Old Dominion University |
September 19–October 17, 2012 |
465 |
± 3.4% |
50% |
43% |
— |
6% |
Rasmussen Reports |
October 11, 2012 |
750 |
± 4.0% |
48% |
47% |
1% |
4% |
NBC/WSJ/Marist Poll |
October 7–9, 2012 |
981 |
± 3.1% |
47% |
46% |
— |
7% |
We Ask America |
October 7–9, 2012 |
1,296 |
± 2.9% |
41% |
46% |
— |
13% |
CBS/NYT/Quinnipiac |
October 4–9, 2012 |
1,288 |
± 2.7% |
51% |
44% |
— |
5% |
Public Policy Polling |
October 4–7, 2012 |
725 |
± 3.6% |
51% |
44% |
— |
5% |
Rasmussen Reports |
October 4, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
52% |
45% |
— |
3% |
NBC/WSJ/Marist Poll |
September 30–October 1, 2012 |
969 |
± 3.1% |
49% |
44% |
1% |
7% |
Suffolk University |
September 24–26, 2012 |
600 |
± 4% |
44% |
44% |
— |
12% |
Huffpost Politics |
September 20, 2012 |
1,000 |
± 3% |
46% |
45% |
— |
9% |
Gravis Marketing |
September 17, 2012 |
2,238 |
± 2.2% |
43% |
48% |
— |
9% |
FOX NEWS Poll |
September 16–18, 2012 |
1,006 |
± 3% |
47% |
43% |
1% |
9% |
CBS/NYT/Quinnipiac |
September 11–17, 2012 |
1,485 |
± 2.5% |
51% |
44% |
— |
5% |
Public Policy Polling |
September 13–16, 2012 |
1,021 |
± 3.1% |
47% |
46% |
— |
7% |
Washington Post |
September 12–16, 2012 |
847 |
± 4% |
51% |
43% |
3% |
4% |
Rasmussen Reports |
September 13, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
47% |
45% |
2% |
6% |
NBC/WSJ/Marist Poll |
September 9–11, 2012 |
996 |
± 3.1% |
46% |
46% |
— |
8% |
Gravis Marketing |
September 8–9, 2012 |
2,238 |
± 2.2% |
43% |
48% |
— |
10% |
Rasmussen Reports |
August 23, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
45% |
45% |
2% |
8% |
Public Policy Polling |
August 16–19, 2012 |
855 |
± 3.4% |
46% |
46% |
— |
9% |
Rasmussen Reports |
August 7, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
46% |
46% |
2% |
6% |
Quinnipiac |
July 31–August 6, 2012 |
1,412 |
± 2.6% |
48% |
46% |
— |
6% |
Rasmussen Reports |
July 16–17, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
46% |
45% |
5% |
5% |
Quinnipiac |
July 10–16, 2012 |
1,673 |
± 2.4% |
44% |
46% |
1% |
10% |
Public Policy Polling |
July 5–8, 2012 |
647 |
± 3.9% |
46% |
44% |
— |
11% |
We Ask America |
June 25, 2012 |
1,106 |
± 2.95% |
35% |
44% |
— |
21% |
Quinnipiac |
May 30–June 4, 2012 |
1,282 |
± 2.7% |
44% |
43% |
2% |
10% |
Rasmussen Reports |
June 3, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
46% |
44% |
3% |
6% |
Marist |
May 17–20, 2012 |
1,076 |
± 3% |
49% |
43% |
— |
9% |
Washington Post |
April 28–May 2, 2012 |
964 |
± 4% |
46% |
46% |
— |
8% |
Public Policy Polling |
April 26–29, 2012 |
680 |
± 3.8% |
46% |
45% |
— |
9% |
Rasmussen Reports |
April 23, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
45% |
46% |
4% |
5% |
Roanoke College |
March 26–April 5, 2012 |
537 |
± 4.2% |
39% |
46% |
— |
15% |
Rasmussen Reports |
March 20, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
44% |
46% |
3% |
7% |
Quinnipiac |
March 13–18, 2012 |
1,034 |
± 3.1% |
47% |
44% |
1% |
8% |
NBC News/Marist |
February 29–March 2, 2012 |
2,518 |
± 2% |
48% |
39% |
— |
14% |
Roanoke College |
February 13–26, 2012 |
607 |
± 4.0% |
37% |
45% |
— |
19% |
Rasmussen Reports |
February 21, 2012 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
46% |
46% |
3% |
5% |
CNU/Times-Dispatch |
February 4–13, 2012 |
1,018 |
± 3.1% |
40% |
42% |
2% |
16% |
Quinnipiac |
February 1–6, 2012 |
1,544 |
± 2.5% |
45% |
44% |
1% |
9% |
Mason-Dixon |
January 16–18, 2012 |
625 |
± 3.9% |
46% |
46% |
— |
8% |
Quinnipiac |
December 13–19, 2011 |
1,135 |
± 2.9% |
42% |
44% |
1% |
12% |
Public Policy Polling |
December 10–12, 2011 |
600 |
± 4.0% |
47% |
42% |
— |
11% |
Quinnipiac |
October 3–9, 2011 |
1,459 |
± 2.6% |
45% |
44% |
1% |
9% |
CNU/Times-Dispatch |
October 3–8, 2011 |
1,027 |
± 3.1% |
44% |
42% |
3% |
12% |
Rasmussen Reports |
September 28, 2011 |
500 |
± 4.5% |
46% |
45% |
3% |
7% |
Quinnipiac |
September 7–12, 2011 |
1,368 |
± 4.0% |
44% |
45% |
1% |
9% |
Public Policy Polling |
July 21–24, 2011 |
500 |
± 4.4% |
46% |
43% |
— |
11% |
Quinnipiac |
June 21–27, 2011 |
1,434 |
± 2.6% |
43% |
42% |
2% |
11% |
Public Policy Polling |
May 5–8, 2011 |
547 |
± 4.2% |
46% |
44% |
— |
10% |
Washington Post |
April 28–May 4, 2011 |
1,040 |
± 3.5% |
46% |
46% |
— |
6% |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
47% |
47% |
— |
6% |
Public Policy Polling |
November 10–13, 2010 |
551 |
± 4.2% |
50% |
44% |
— |
6% |
Hypothetical polling |
- Democratic primary
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Rick Boucher |
Tim Kaine |
Tom Perriello |
Gerry Connolly |
Glenn Nye |
Bobby Scott |
Doug Wilder |
Other/ Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
400 |
± 4.9% |
9% |
53% |
9% |
3% |
1% |
9% |
8% |
9% |
11% |
65% |
15% |
N/A |
9% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tim Kaine (D) |
Bob Marshall (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
April 26–29, 2012 |
680 |
± 3.8% |
49% |
36% |
— |
15% |
CNU/Times-Dispatch |
February 4–13, 2012 |
1,018 |
± 3.1% |
39% |
28% |
4% |
29% |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
49% |
35% |
— |
16% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tim Kaine (D) |
Jamie Radtke (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
April 26–29, 2012 |
680 |
± 3.8% |
50% |
35% |
— |
15% |
CNU/Times-Dispatch |
February 4–13, 2012 |
1,018 |
± 3.1% |
40% |
26% |
3% |
31% |
Public Policy Polling |
December 10–12, 2011 |
600 |
± 4.0% |
49% |
33% |
— |
19% |
CNU/Times-Dispatch |
October 3–8, 2011 |
1,027 |
± 3.1% |
46% |
32% |
3% |
19% |
Public Policy Polling |
July 21–24, 2011 |
500 |
± 4.4% |
47% |
31% |
— |
22% |
Public Policy Polling |
May 5–8, 2011 |
547 |
± 4.2% |
49% |
33% |
— |
18% |
Washington Post |
April 28 – May 4, 2011 |
1,040 |
± 3.5% |
57% |
31% |
1% |
9% |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
49% |
33% |
— |
17% |
- with Rick Boucher
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Rick Boucher (D) |
George Allen (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5 |
42% |
47% |
— |
11% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Rick Boucher (D) |
Bob Marshall (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
40% |
32% |
— |
28% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Rick Boucher (D) |
Jamie Radtke (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
40% |
29% |
— |
31% |
- with Tom Perriello
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Perriello (D) |
George Allen (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
41% |
48% |
— |
11% |
Public Policy Polling |
November 10–13, 2010 |
551 |
± 4.2% |
42% |
47% |
— |
11% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Perriello (D) |
Bob Marshall (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
39% |
35% |
— |
26% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Periello (D) |
Jamie Radtke (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
February 24–27, 2011 |
524 |
± 3.5% |
40% |
32% |
— |
28% |
- with Bobby Scott
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Bobby Scott (D) |
George Allen (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
May 5–8, 2011 |
547 |
± 4.2% |
39% |
44% |
— |
17% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Bobby Scott (D) |
Jamie Radtke (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
May 5–8, 2011 |
547 |
± 4.2% |
39% |
34% |
— |
27% |
- with Jim Webb
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Jim Webb (D) |
Bill Bolling (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Public Policy Polling |
November 10–13, 2010 |
551 |
± 4.2% |
48% |
39% |
— |
12% |
Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Jim Webb (D) |
Bob McDonnell (R) |
Other |
Undecided |
Clarus Research Group |
December 7–9, 2010 |
600 |
± 4.0% |
39% |
42% |
— |
19% |
|
Results
See also
References
- ↑ Dr. Michael McDonald (February 9, 2013). "2012 General Election Turnout Rates". George Mason University. Retrieved March 4, 2013.
- ↑ Trygstad, Kyle (February 9, 2011). "Webb Won't Seek Re-Election". Roll Call. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ↑ "Kaine hits the road to tout economic plan", The Washington Post. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
- ↑ "Va. Dems will choose U.S. Senate nominee in June primary". The Pilot Online. September 20, 2011.
- ↑ Heiderman, Rosalind (November 20, 2010). "UPDATED: Virginia GOP chooses primary over convention for 2012 senate race". The Washington Post.
- 1 2 Catanese, David (January 24, 2011). "Allen e-mails supporters; Webb reacts". Politico. Retrieved January 24, 2011.
- ↑ Sherfinski, David (May 8, 2011) http://washingtonexaminer.com/local/virginia/2011/05/dark-horse-candidates-expand-gop-field-va-senate-race Retrieved May 9, 2011
- ↑ GOP State Delegate Bob Marshall to Enter Va. Senate Race : Roll Call Politics
- ↑ King, Neil (December 27, 2010). "Tea Party Organizer Jumps Into Va. Senate Race". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 27, 2010.
- ↑ Cain, Andrew (December 28, 2011). "Donner drops out of Virginia's U.S. Senate race". WSLS. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
- ↑ Kumar, Anita (March 29, 2012). "McCormick fails to make GOP Senate primary ballot; four others submit signatures". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 30, 2012.
- ↑ Brown, Carrie (October 2, 2011). "Liz Cheney won't run for office in 2012". Politico. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
- ↑ Martella, Ashley; Meyers, Jim (December 14, 2010). "Cuccinelli: Defeating Obamacare Critical to 'Constitution and Liberty'". Newsmax Media. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
- ↑ Kumar, Anita (August 16, 2011). "Cuccinelli says he may challenge Warner for U.S. Senate in 2014". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 16, 2011.
- ↑ Goodin, Emily (December 13, 2010). "Former Rep. Davis said it's unlikely he'll run for Virginia Senate in 2012". The Hill. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
- ↑ Corey Stewart Endorses George Allen in Virginia : Roll Call Politics
- ↑ Pershing, Ben (November 10, 2011). "Virginia Republicans announce plans for three 2012 Senate primary debates". The Washington Post.
- ↑ Bolling Backs Allen In U.S. Senate Race | Virginia Right!
- ↑ Pershing, Ben (April 20, 2012). "George Allen gets endorsement from tea party-backed Sen. Ron Johnson". Washington Post. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
- ↑ Catalina Camia (November 11, 2011). "Va. Gov. McDonnell endorses George Allen for Senate". USA Today. Retrieved December 6, 2011.
- ↑ "Allen wins Rubio's backing in bid for U.S. Senate". Washington Times. June 14, 2012. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
- ↑ "George Allen Getting Corey Stewart's Endorsement". NBC Washington. November 1, 2011. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
- ↑ https://www.voterinfo.sbe.virginia.gov/election/DATA/2012/A2E23EAB-7EA6-40E2-AF41-3CE22C787EA4/unofficial/5_s.shtml
- ↑ Cillizza, Chris (2011-04-05) "Tim Kaine announces for Senate in Virginia", Washington Post. Retrieved April 5, 2011.
- ↑ O'Brien, Michael (2011-04-05) "Tim Kaine launches Virginia Senate bid", The Hill. Retrieved April 5, 2011
- ↑ "Va. Senate debate: Kaine open to minimum tax, Allen sidesteps Romney". CNN. September 20, 2012.
- ↑ Gruenwald, Juliana (March 2, 2011). "Boucher Appears Unlikely To Seek Senate Seat". National Journal. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ↑ D'Aprile, Shane (March 4, 2011). "Rep. Connolly rules out 2012 Senate run; hopes for Kaine". The Hill. Retrieved March 4, 2011.
- ↑ Catanese, David; Martin, Jonathan (February 11, 2011). "Nye has "no interest," Kaine wary of run". Politico. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
- ↑ Pershing, Ben (February 16, 2011). "Ex-rep. Perriello might run for U.S. Senate in Va. if Kaine doesn't". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
- ↑ Wilson, Todd Allen (September 5, 2011). "Rep. Scott says he won't run for Senate". Newport News Daily Press. Retrieved September 5, 2011.
- 1 2 Hester, Wesley P. (March 25, 2012). "Allen to face host of GOP challengers; Kaine none". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved March 30, 2012.
- ↑ Kaine Campaign Finances
- ↑ Allen Campaign Finances
- ↑ Chisholm Campaign Finances
- ↑ Modglin Campaign Finances
- ↑ [http://www.opensecrets.org/races/contrib.php?cycle=2012&id=vas1 Center for Responsive Politics
- ↑ Donors by industry (opensecrets.org)
- ↑ Haberman, Maggie (October 2, 2012). "Crossroads launches $16 million buy in Senate, presidential contests". Politico.com. Retrieved October 2, 2012.
- ↑ http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2012election.pdf
External links
- Official campaign websites