Metopon
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| Clinical data | |
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| ATC code | none |
| Legal status | |
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| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number |
143-52-2  |
| PubChem (CID) | 5359353 |
| ChemSpider |
4514264 |
| UNII |
94XZ1CC69D |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C18H21NO3 |
| Molar mass | 299.364 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
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Metopon (5-methyldihydromorphone)[1] is an opioid analogue that is a methylated derivative of hydromorphone which was invented in 1929 as an analgesic.[2]
Metopon is sometimes used in medicine, although longer acting than hydromorphone, Metopon is less potent and its oral bioavailability is fairly low. Generally, Metopon has few advantages to distinguish it from other, more commonly used opioid analgesics,[3] although it does have a slightly lower tendency to produce nausea and respiratory depression compared to morphine.[4]
In Canada, as of 1948, the hydrochloride of metopon (free base conversion ratio 0.891, molecular weight 335.8) was available only for oral administration for malignant pain and for maintenance of those habituated to morphine; the only dosage form available was singly scored 8 mg tablets. It was manufactured by Parke, Davis, & Co., and was only for sale to doctors and hospitals. Parke, Davis & Co. did not sell metopon to pharmacies.[5] It is unknown whether metopon tablets are still manufactured and sold in Canada.
Metopon tablets, ampoules, and suppositories are available in Switzerland, Austria, Germany, and other countries in Continental Europe and the drug is used in Patient Controlled Analgesia pumps for severe chronic pain in particular. Metopon is listed under Schedule II of the US Controlled Substances Act 1970, meaning it has an accepted medical use, but at this time it is not produced commercially and is seen only in laboratory research. It did see some use in medicine — oncology in particular — in the USA in the 1950s. Currently metopon, which has a DEA ACSCN of 9260, does not have an annual manufacturing quota listed in the Federal Register[6] and the bulk of the research on the drug at this time is taking place in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria.
CAS number 124-92-5 (Metopon hydrochloride)
Synthesis
See also
References
- ↑ US Patent 2178010
- ↑ Eddy NB. Pharmacology of Metopon and other new analgesic opium derivatives. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1948; 51(1):51–58.
- ↑ McLaughlin JP, Nowak D, Sebastian A, Schultz AG, Archer S, Bidlack JM. Metopon and two unique derivatives: affinity and selectivity for the multiple opioid receptors. European Journal of Pharmacology. 1995 Dec 27;294(1):201-6.
- ↑ Daniel Lednicer. Central Analgetics. (1982), p145. ISBN 0-471-08314-3
- ↑ "Metopon hydrochloride (methyldihydromorphinone hydrochloride)". Can Med Assoc J. 58 (1): 79. January 1948. PMC 1591039
. PMID 18897557. - ↑ http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/quotas/2013/fr0703_2.htm
- ↑ Small, L.; Turnbull, S. G.; Fitch, H. M. (1938). "The Addition of Organomagnesium Halides to Pseudocodeine Types. Iv. Nuclear-Substituted Morphine Derivatives". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 03 (3): 204. doi:10.1021/jo01220a003.