Romifidine

Romifidine
Clinical data

AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Routes of administration	IV
ATCvet code	QN05CM93 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	Veterinary Use
Identifiers
IUPAC name N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine
CAS Number	65896-16-4^Y
PubChem (CID)	71969
ChemSpider	64975^N
UNII	876351L05K^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.158.065
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₉H₉BrFN₃
Molar mass	258.09
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES C1CN=C(N1)NC2=C(C=CC=C2Br)F
InChI InChI=1S/C9H9BrFN3/c10-6-2-1-3-7(11)8(6)14-9-12-4-5-13-9/h1-3H,4-5H2,(H2,12,13,14)^N Key:KDPNLRQZHDJRFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N^N
^NY (what is this?) (verify)

Romifidine is a drug that is used in veterinary medicine as a sedative mainly in large animals such as horses,^[1] although it may be used in a wide variety of species.^[2]^[3] It is not used in humans, but is closely related in structure to the commonly used drug clonidine.

Romifidine acts as an agonist at the α₂ adrenergic receptor subtype. Side effects can include bradycardia and respiratory depression. It is often used alongside other sedative or analgesic drugs such as ketamine or butorphanol.^[4]^[5] Yohimbine can be used as an antidote to rapidly reverse the effects.

References

↑ Spadavecchia C, Arendt-Nielsen L, Andersen OK, Spadavecchia L, Schatzmann U. Effect of romifidine on the nociceptive withdrawal reflex and temporal summation in conscious horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2005 Nov;66(11):1992-8. PMID 16334961
↑ De Lucas JJ, Rodríguez C, Marín M, González F, Ballesteros C, San Andrés MI. Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular ketamine in young ostriches premedicated with romifidine. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A. Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine. 2007 Feb;54(1):48-50. PMID 17359455
↑ Belda E, Laredo FG, Escobar M, Soler M, Lucas X, Agut A. Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of three doses of romifidine in comparison with medetomidine in five cats. Veterinary Record. 2008 Jan 19;162(3):82-7. PMID 18204032
↑ Corletto F, Raisis AA, Brearley JC. Comparison of morphine and butorphanol as pre-anaesthetic agents in combination with romifidine for field castration in ponies. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 2005 Jan;32(1):16-22. PMID 15663735
↑ Kerr CL, McDonell WN, Young SS. Cardiopulmonary effects of romifidine/ketamine or xylazine/ketamine when used for short duration anesthesia in the horse. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2004 Oct;68(4):274-82. PMID 15581222

Hypnotics/sedatives (N05C)

GABA_A

Alcohols	2M2B Chloralodol Ethanol Alcohol Ethchlorvynol Methylpentynol Trichloroethanol

Barbiturates	Allobarbital Amobarbital Aprobarbital Barbital Butabarbital Butobarbital Cyclobarbital Ethallobarbital Heptabarb Hexobarbital Mephobarbital Methohexital Narcobarbital Pentobarbital Phenallymal Phenobarbital Propylbarbital Proxibarbal Reposal Secobarbital Talbutal Thiamylal Thiopental Thiotetrabarbital Vinbarbital Vinylbital

Benzodiazepines	Brotizolam Cinolazepam Climazolam Doxefazepam Estazolam Flunitrazepam Flurazepam Flutoprazepam Haloxazolam Loprazolam Lormetazepam Midazolam Nimetazepam Nitrazepam Phenazepam Quazepam Temazepam Triazolam

Carbamates	Carisoprodol Emylcamate Ethinamate Hexapropymate Meprobamate Methocarbamol Phenprobamate Procymate Tybamate

Imidazoles	Etomidate Metomidate Propoxate

Monoureides	Acecarbromal Apronal (apronalide) Bromisoval Capuride Carbromal Ectylurea

Neuroactive steroids	Acebrochol Allopregnanolone Alphadolone Alphaxolone Eltanolone Hydroxydione Minaxolone Progesterone

Nonbenzodiazepines	Eszopiclone Indiplon Lirequinil Necopidem Pazinaclone Saripidem Suproclone Suriclone Zaleplon Zolpidem Zopiclone

Piperidinediones	Glutethimide Methyprylon Pyrithyldione Piperidione

Quinazolinones	Afloqualone Cloroqualone Diproqualone Etaqualone Mebroqualone Mecloqualone Methaqualone Methylmethaqualone Nitromethaqualone

Others	Acetophenone Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate Bromide compounds Lithium bromide Potassium bromide Sodium bromide Centalun Chloral betaine Chloral hydrate Chloralose Clomethiazole Dichloralphenazone Gaboxadol Kavalactones Loreclezole Paraldehyde Petrichloral Sulfonylalkanes Sulfonmethane (sulfonal) Tetronal Trional Triclofos Sesquiterpene Isovaleramide Isovaleric acid Valerenic acid

GABA_B

H₁

Antihistamines	Captodiame Cyproheptadine Diphenhydramine Doxylamine Hydroxyzine Methapyrilene Pheniramine Promethazine Propiomazine

Antidepressants	Tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline Doxepin Trimipramine, etc. Tetracyclic antidepressants Mianserin Mirtazapine, etc.

Antipsychotics	Typical antipsychotics Chlorpromazine Thioridazine, etc. Atypical antipsychotics Olanzapine Quetiapine Risperidone, etc.

α₂-Adrenergic

5-HT_2A

Antidepressants	Trazodone Tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline Doxepin Trimipramine, etc. Tetracyclic antidepressants Mianserin Mirtazapine, etc.

Antipsychotics	Typical antipsychotics Chlorpromazine Thioridazine, etc. Atypical antipsychotics Olanzapine Quetiapine Risperidone, etc.

Others	Niaprazine

Melatonin

Orexin

Others

Adrenergic receptor modulators

α₁

Agonists 6-FNE Amidephrine Anisodine Buspirone Cirazoline Corbadrine Dexisometheptene Dipivefrine Dopamine Droxidopa (L-DOPS) Ephedrine Epinephrine Etilefrine Etilevodopa Ethylnorepinephrine Indanidine Isometheptene L-DOPA (levodopa) L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Melevodopa Metaraminol Methoxamine Methyldopa Midodrine Naphazoline Norepinephrine Octopamine (drug) Oxymetazoline Phenylephrine Phenylpropanolamine Pseudoephedrine Synephrine Tetryzoline Tiamenidine XP21279 Xylometazoline

Antagonists Abanoquil Adimolol Ajmalicine Alfuzosin Amosulalol Anisodamine Arotinolol Atiprosin Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone) Benoxathian Buflomedil Bunazosin Carvedilol Corynanthine Dapiprazole Domesticine Doxazosin Ergolines (e.g., ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, lisuride, terguride) Etoperidone Eugenodilol Fenspiride Hydroxyzine Indoramin Ketanserin L-765,314 Labetalol mCPP Mepiprazole Metazosin Monatepil Moxisylyte Naftopidil Nantenine Nefazodone Neldazosin Niaprazine Nicergoline Niguldipine Pardoprunox Pelanserin Phendioxan Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Piperoxan Prazosin Quinazosin Ritanserin Silodosin Spiperone Talipexole Tamsulosin Terazosin Tiodazosin Tolazoline Trazodone Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine, maprotiline, mianserin) Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin, imipramine, trimipramine) Trimazosin Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine) Urapidil WB-4101 Zolertine

α₂

Agonists (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline 4-NEMD 6-FNE Amitraz Apraclonidine Brimonidine Cannabivarin Clonidine Corbadrine Detomidine Dexmedetomidine Dihydroergotamine Dipivefrine Dopamine Droxidopa (L-DOPS) Etilevodopa Ephedrine Ergotamine Epinephrine Etilefrine Ethylnorepinephrine Guanabenz Guanfacine Guanoxabenz L-DOPA (levodopa) L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Lofexidine Medetomidine Melevodopa Methyldopa Mivazerol Naphazoline Norepinephrine Oxymetazoline Phenylpropanolamine Piperoxan Pseudoephedrine Rilmenidine Romifidine Talipexole Tetrahydrozoline Tiamenidine Tizanidine Tolonidine Urapidil XP21279 Xylazine Xylometazoline

Antagonists 1-PP Adimolol Aptazapine Atipamezole Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine, clozapine, lurasidone, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, zotepine) Azapirones (e.g., buspirone, tandospirone) BRL-44408 Buflomedil Cirazoline Efaroxan Esmirtazapine Fenmetozole Fluparoxan Idazoxan mCPP Mianserin Mirtazapine NAN-190 Olanzapine Pardoprunox Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine Piperoxan Piribedil Rauwolscine Rotigotine SB-269970 Setiptiline Spiroxatrine Sunepitron Tolazoline Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine) Yohimbine

Agonists Abediterol Alifedrine Amibegron Arbutamine Arformoterol Arotinolol BAAM Bambuterol Befunolol Bitolterol Broxaterol Buphenine Carbuterol Carmoterol Cimaterol Clenbuterol Corbadrine Denopamine Dipivefrine Dobutamine Dopamine Dopexamine Droxidopa (L-DOPS) Ephedrine Epinephrine Etafedrine Etilefrine Etilevodopa Ethylnorepinephrine Fenoterol Formoterol Hexoprenaline Higenamine Indacaterol Isoetarine Isoprenaline Isoxsuprine L-DOPA (levodopa) L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine Levosalbutamol Mabuterol Melevodopa Methoxyphenamine Methyldopa Mirabegron Norepinephrine Orciprenaline Oxyfedrine PF-610355 Phenylpropanolamine Pirbuterol Prenalterol Ractopamine Procaterol Pseudoephedrine Reproterol Rimiterol Ritodrine Salbutamol Salmeterol Solabegron Terbutaline Tretoquinol Tulobuterol Vilanterol Xamoterol XP21279 Zilpaterol Zinterol

Antagonists Acebutolol Adaprolol Adimolol Afurolol Alprenolol Alprenoxime Amosulalol Ancarolol Arnolol Arotinolol Atenolol Befunolol Betaxolol Bevantolol Bisoprolol Bopindolol Bornaprolol Brefonalol Bucindolol Bucumolol Bufetolol Bufuralol Bunitrolol Bunolol Bupranolol Butaxamine Butidrine Butofilolol Capsinolol Carazolol Carpindolol Carteolol Carvedilol Celiprolol Cetamolol Cicloprolol Cinamolol Cloranolol Cyanopindolol Dalbraminol Dexpropranolol Diacetolol Dichloroisoprenaline Dihydroalprenolol Dilevalol Diprafenone Draquinolol Ecastolol Epanolol Ericolol Ersentilide Esatenolol Esprolol Eugenodilol Exaprolol Falintolol Flestolol Flusoxolol Hydroxycarteolol Hydroxytertatolol ICI-118,551 Idropranolol Indenolol Indopanolol Iodocyanopindolol Iprocrolol Isoxaprolol Isamoltane Labetalol Landiolol Levobetaxolol Levobunolol Levomoprolol Medroxalol Mepindolol Metipranolol Metoprolol Moprolol Nadolol Nadoxolol Nebivolol Nifenalol Nipradilol Oxprenolol Pacrinolol Pafenolol Pamatolol Pargolol Penbutolol Pindolol Practolol Primidolol Procinolol Pronethalol Propafenone Propranolol Ridazolol Ronactolol Soquinolol Sotalol Spirendolol SR 59230A Sulfinalol Talinolol Tazolol Tertatolol Tienoxolol Tilisolol Timolol Tiprenolol Tolamolol Toliprolol Xibenolol Xipranolol

See also: Dopaminergics

Melatonergics

Serotonergics

Monoamine reuptake and release modulators

Monoamine metabolism modulators

Monoamine neurotoxins

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