United States Senate elections, 1914 and 1915

U.S. Senate elections, 1914 and 1915

November 3, 1914

34 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party   Party Democratic Republican Last election 51 seats 44 seats Seats before 52 43 Seats won 56 40 Seat change 4 3

Democratic gains   Democratic holds   Republican holds

Majority party before election Democratic Elected Majority party Democratic

The United States Senate elections of 1914 and 1915, with the ratification of the 17th Amendment in 1913, this was the first time that all seats up for election were popularly elected instead of chosen by their state legislatures. These elections occurred in the middle of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson's first term.

Tally

Three seats held by Republicans were won by Democrats:

• California: George Clement Perkins (R) retired → replaced by James D. Phelan (D)
• South Dakota: Coe I. Crawford (R) lost renomination → replaced by Edwin S. Johnson (D)
• Wisconsin: Isaac Stephenson (R) retired → replaced by Paul O. Husting (D)

One incumbent senator, not up for re-election, later changed from Progressive to Republican.

Senate Party Division, 64th Congress (1915–1917)

Majority Party: Democratic (56 seats)

Minority Party: Republican (40 seats)

Other Parties: 0

Total Seats: 96

Note: These numbers represent composition as result of 1914 Senatorial Elections. Actual composition often changes during term, due to deaths, resignations or party shifting.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D P R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

Beginning of the next Congress D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

Key:	D = Democratic P = Progressive R = Republican V = Vacant	Majority divider

Summary of races

Special elections during the 63rd Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1914 or in 1915 before March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent		Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party
Alabama (Class 3)	Vacant		Joseph F. Johnston (D) died August 8, 1913. Winner elected May 11, 1914. Democratic hold.	√ Francis S. White (Democratic) Unopposed
Georgia (Class 2)[1]	William West	Democratic	Appointee retired. Winner elected November 4, 1914. Democratic hold.	√ Thomas W. Hardwick (Democratic) 68.96% G. R. Hutchins (Progressive) 31.04%
Kentucky (Class 3)[2]	Johnson N. Camden, Jr.	Democratic	Interim appointee elected November 3, 1914.	√ Johnson N. Camden, Jr. (Democratic) Unopposed

Races leading to the 64th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1915; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent		Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party
Alabama[3]	Francis S. White	Democratic	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	√ Oscar Underwood (Democratic) 90.2% Alex Birch (Republican) 6.8% Adolphus Longshore (Progressive) 2.35% S. F. Hinton (Socialist) 0.64%
Arizona[4]	Marcus A. Smith	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Marcus A. Smith (Democratic) 53.23% Don Lorenzo Hubbell (Republican) 18.95% Eugene W. Chafin (Prohibition) 15.05% Bert Davis (Socialist) 7.39% J. Bernard Nelson (Progressive) 5.38%
Arkansas[5]	James Paul Clarke	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected in 1915.	√ James Paul Clarke (Democratic) 74.88% Harry H. Myers (Republican) 25.12%
California[6]	George Clement Perkins	Republican	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	√ James D. Phelan (Democratic) 31.59% Francis J. Heney (Progressive) 28.81% Joseph R. Knowland (Republican) 28.69% Ernest Unterman (Socialist) 6.41% Frederick F. Wheeler (Prohibition) 4.51%
Colorado[7]	Charles S. Thomas	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Charles S. Thomas (Democratic) 40.3% Hubert Work (Republican) 38.99% Benjamin Griffith (Progressive) 10.69% J. C. Griffiths (Socialist) 5.51% George J. Kindel (Independent) 4.52%
Connecticut[8]	Frank B. Brandegee	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Frank B. Brandegee (Republican) 49.77% Simeon Eben Baldwin (Democratic) 42.08% Herbert Smith (Progressive) 3.79% George Spiess (Socialist) 3.26% Frederick Platt (Prohibition) 0.75% Clarence Warner (Socialist Labor) 0.36%
Florida[9]	Duncan U. Fletcher	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) Unopposed
Georgia[10]	M. Hoke Smith	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ M. Hoke Smith (Democratic) 68.48% C. W. McClure (Republican) 31.52%
Idaho[11]	James H. Brady	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James H. Brady (Republican) 43.89% James H. Hawley (Democratic) 38.14% Paul Clagstone (Progressive) 9.54% Calistus Cooper (Socialist) 7.29% W. M. Duthie (Prohibition) 1.14%
Illinois[12]	Lawrence Sherman	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Lawrence Sherman (Republican) 38.46% Roger Charles Sullivan (Democratic) 36.76% Raymond Robins (Progressive) 19.99% Adolph Gernies (Socialist) 3.93% George Woolsey (Prohibition) 0.66% John M. Francis (Socialist Labor) 0.21%
Indiana[13]	Benjamin F. Shively	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Benjamin F. Shively (Democratic) 42.14% Hugh T. Miller (Republican) 35.1% Albert J. Beveridge (Progressive) 16.81% Stephen N. Reynolds (Socialist) 3.36% Sumner Haynes (Prohibition) 2.15% James Matthews (Socialist Labor) 0.45%
Iowa[14]	Albert B. Cummins	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Albert B. Cummins (Republican) 48.19% Maurice Connolly (Democratic) 39.16% Otis Spurgeon (Independent) 5.73% Casper Schenk (Progressive) 3.53% I. S. McCullis (Socialist) 1.98% M. L. Christian (Prohibition) 1.41%
Kansas[15]	Joseph L. Bristow	Republican	Incumbent lost renomination.[16] Republican hold.	√ Charles Curtis (Republican) 35.53% George A. Neeley (Democratic) 34.77% Victor Murdock (Progressive) 22.94% Christian B. Hoffman (Socialist) 4.82% Earle Delay (Prohibition) 1.94%
Kentucky[17]	Johnson N. Camden, Jr.	Democratic	Interim appointee retired. Winner elected. Democratic hold.	√ J. C. W. Beckham (Democratic) 51.89% Augustus E. Willson (Republican) 42.53% Burton Vance (Progressive) 4.15% H. J. Robertson (Socialist) 1.44%
Louisiana[18]	John Thornton	Democratic	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	√ Robert F. Broussard (Democratic) Unopposed
Maryland[19]	John Walter Smith	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Walter Smith (Democratic) 50.99% Edward C Carrington, Jr. (Republican) 43.89% V. Milton Reichard (Progressive) 1.71% Charles Develin (Socialist) 1.51% Richard H. Holme (Prohibition) 1.46% Robert W. Stevens (Labor) 0.45%
Missouri[20]	William J. Stone	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William J. Stone (Democratic) 50.41% Thomas J. Akins (Republican) 41.58% Arthur N. Sager (Progressive) 4.47% Thomas E. Greene (Socialist) 2.76% Orange J. Hill (Prohibition) 0.59% J. W. Molineaux (Socialist Labor) 0.2%
Nevada[21]	Francis G. Newlands	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Francis G. Newlands (Democratic) 37.46% Samuel Platt (Republican) 37.27% Ashley G. Miller (Socialist) 25.28%
New Hampshire[22]	Jacob Gallinger	Republican	Incumbent re-elected in 1914.	√ Jacob Gallinger (Republican) 51.66% Raymond Stevens (Democratic) 44.63% Benjamin F. Grier (Prohibition) 2.38% William H. Wilkins (Socialist) 1.34%
New York	Elihu Root	Republican	Incumbent retired. Winner elected. Republican hold.	√ James Wadsworth (Republican) 47.04% James W. Gerard (Democratic) 42.06% Bainbridge Colby (Progressive) 4.56% Charles Edward Russell (Socialist) 4.07% Francis E. Baldwin (Prohibition) 2.05% Erwin Archer (Socialist Labor) 0.23%
North Carolina[23]	Lee Slater Overman	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Lee Slater Overman (Democratic) 58.1% A.A. Whitener (Republican) 41.7% Henry J. Oliver (Socialist) 0.2%
North Dakota[24]	Asle Gronna	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Asle Gronna (Republican) 55.82% William E. Purcell (Democratic) 33.95% W. H. Brown (Socialist) 7.14% Sever Serumgard (Independent) 3.1%
Ohio[25]	Theodore E. Burton	Republican	Incumbent retired. Winner elected. Republican hold.	√ Warren G. Harding (Republican) 49.16% Timothy S. Hogan (Democratic) 39.6% Arthur Lovett Garford (Progressive) 6.31% E. K. Hitchens (Socialist) 4.93%
Oklahoma[26]	Thomas Gore	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Thomas Gore (Democratic) 47.98% John B. Campbell (Republican) 29.44% W. D. Cope (Socialist) 20.99% Luther Kyle (Prohibition) 1.59%
Oregon[27]	George Chamberlain	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ George Chamberlain (Democratic) 45.5% R. A. Booth (Republican) 35.95% William Hanley (Progressive) 10.68% Benjamin Ramp (Socialist) 4.34% H. S. Stine (Prohibition) 3.52%
Pennsylvania	Boies Penrose	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Boies Penrose (Republican) 46.76% Gifford Pinchot (Progressive) 24.22% A. Mitchell Palmer (Democratic) 23.97% Frederick Whiteside (Socialist) 3.41% Madison Larkin (Prohibition) 1.58% A. S. Landis (Socialist Labor) 0.06%
South Carolina	Ellison D. Smith	Democratic	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Ellison D. Smith (Democratic) 99.7% James H. Roberts (Socialist) 0.3%
South Dakota[28]	Coe I. Crawford	Republican	Incumbent lost renomination.[29] Democratic gain.	√ Edwin S. Johnson (Democratic) 48.32% Charles H. Burke (Republican) 44.47% E. P. Johnson (Socialist) 2.69% O. W. Butterfield (Prohibition) 2.42% H. L. Loucks (Independent) 2.11%
Utah[30]	Reed Smoot	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Reed Smoot (Republican) 49.08% James Moyle (Democratic) 46.33% J. F. Parsons (Socialist) 4.59%
Vermont[31]	William P. Dillingham	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William P. Dillingham, 56.05% Charles A. Prouty (Democratic) 42.69% James H. Canfield (Socialist) 1.23%
Washington[32]	Wesley Livsey Jones	Republican	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Wesley Livsey Jones (Republican) 37.79% William W. Black (Democratic) 26.57% Ole Hanson (Progressive) 24.12% Adam Barth (Socialist) 8.76% Arthur Caton (Prohibition) 2.77%
Wisconsin[33]	Isaac Stephenson	Republican	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	√ Paul O. Husting (Democratic) 43.82% Francis E. McGovern (Republican) 43.5% Emil Seidel (Socialist) 9.67% Charles L. Hill (Prohibition) 3.01%

See also

• United States elections, 1914
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1914
• 63rd United States Congress
• 64th United States Congress

References

1. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267710
2. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=181
3. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=3408
4. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=3304
5. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36571
6. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=26921
7. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267943
8. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267944
9. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36694
10. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267945
11. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267717
12. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=22264
13. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267713
14. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267946
15. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267947
16. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000844
17. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267948
18. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267719
19. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=27794
20. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=261794
21. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=26778
22. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=267721
23. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=132133
24. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268265
25. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=38800
26. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268223
27. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268208
28. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=268251
29. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000888
30. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=27677
31. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=223207
32. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=22781
33. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46930

Source: United States Senate Official Website