Valley County, Idaho

Valley County, Idaho

Seal
Map of Idaho highlighting Valley County
Location in the U.S. state of Idaho
Map of the United States highlighting Idaho
Idaho's location in the U.S.
Founded February 26, 1917
Named for The Long Valley of the North Fork of the Payette River
Seat Cascade
Largest city McCall
Area
 • Total 3,733 sq mi (9,668 km2)
 • Land 3,665 sq mi (9,492 km2)
 • Water 68 sq mi (176 km2), 1.8%
Population
 • (2010) 9,862
 • Density 2.7/sq mi (1/km²)
Congressional district 1st
Time zone Mountain: UTC-7/-6
Website co.valley.id.us

Valley County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 census, the population was 9,862.[1] The county seat is Cascade,[2] and the largest city is McCall.

Established in 1917, it was named after the Long Valley of the North Fork of the Payette River, which extends over 30 miles (50 km) from Payette Lake at McCall south to Cascade to Round Valley. The valley was formerly a summer pasture for livestock from the Boise Valley. Since the completion of the Cascade Dam in 1948, much of the northern valley has been covered by the Cascade Reservoir.

Valley County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.

Traffic Signals

History

Packer John Welch, who had contracted to freight supplies to miners of Idaho City, established a camp on Gold Fork Creek and a brush cabin on Clear Creek in the 1860s.[3] He also established a station near what later became the town of Cascade.

During the 1870s, prospectors and miners started searching for gold. The Clara Foltz mines opened on Paddy Flat, and other diggings commenced on Boulder and Gold Fork Creeks. In the late 1870s, the last of the Sheepeater Tribe was removed from Long Valley and Round Valley to a reservation. As the gold sources dwindled, a few of the miners took up squatter's rights. James Horner built a cabin on Clear Creek in 1881, other miners settled on the Payette River.

Also in 1888, the first post offices in Valley County were opened at VanWyck, another one opened at Lardo in 1889. That same year Louis McCall and other settlers took squatter's rights on Payette Lake. Their homesteads were the nucleus of what would later become the town of McCall.[3] A freight stop was established at Lardo to service the increased mining activity at Warren Meadows.

The 1890 census stated 538 people resided in the VanWyck precinct, and 110 resided in the Alpha precinct. Land survey maps drawn in the 1890s show four schools. The maps also point out sawmills at Warner's Pond and on Gold Fork Creek. A small reservoir near VanWyck can also be seen on them.

The 1890s were a period of strife for the new settlers.[3] Ranchers from south of Long Valley annually brought their large herds of cattle to graze in Long Valley. The homesteaders resented the intrusion and retaliated on several occasions by slaughtering the outsiders' cattle.

Gold was first discovered in the Thunder Mountain area in 1893, W.H. Dewey began mining on a large scale in 1902. As many as 3,000 miners swarmed into the region.

From the 1910s onwards logging became, along with farming and ranching, the economic mainstay of Long Valley. Towns distant from the railroad, such as Alpha, Crawford and Roseberry, soon lost their vitality and died. Towns near the railroad, such as Cascade, Donnelly and McCall, thrived and became the population centers of Valley County.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 3,733 square miles (9,670 km2), of which 3,665 square miles (9,490 km2) is land and 68 square miles (180 km2) (1.8%) is water.[4] It is the fifth-largest county in Idaho by area.

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Transportation

Cascade Dam & reservoir

Highways

The county's primary highway is the north-south State Highway 55, the Payette River Scenic Byway, a designated national scenic byway. It heads north from Eagle in Ada County to Horseshoe Bend in Boise County, and climbs the whitewater of the Payette River to Cascade and McCall. The route turns west at Payette Lake in McCall and ends at New Meadows in Adams County, at the junction with US-95.[5]

Airports

The county has public-use airports owned by the state, by the U.S. Forest Service, and by local municipalities.[6]

Government and politics

Valley County has long been a Republican stronghold, like most of Idaho. In 2004 George Bush defeated John Kerry by a 21% margin (59-38%). In 2008 Valley County was much more competitive than in recent years, as John McCain defeated Barack Obama by only 7% (52-45%).

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
19202,524—
19303,48838.2%
19404,03515.7%
19504,2705.8%
19603,663−14.2%
19703,609−1.5%
19805,60455.3%
19906,1099.0%
20007,65125.2%
20109,86228.9%
Est. 201510,103[7]2.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10]
1990-2000[11] 2010-2013[1]

2000 census

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 7,651 people, 3,208 households, and 2,252 families residing in the county. The population density was 2 people per square mile (1/km²). There were 8,084 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.43% White, 0.69% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.04% Black or African American, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.10% from other races, and 1.40% from two or more races. 1.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.1% were of German, 16.4% English, 11.3% American and 10.1% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 3208 households out of which 28.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.90% were married couples living together, 5.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.80% were non-families. 24.80% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the county the population was spread out with 23.70% under the age of 18, 4.40% from 18 to 24, 24.90% from 25 to 44, 32.20% from 45 to 64, and 14.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 105.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,927, and the median income for a family was $42,283. Males had a median income of $31,113 versus $21,777 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,246. About 6.20% of families and 9.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.10% of those under age 18 and 5.60% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 9,862 people, 4,393 households, and 2,870 families residing in the county.[13] The population density was 2.7 inhabitants per square mile (1.0/km2). There were 11,789 housing units at an average density of 3.2 per square mile (1.2/km2).[14] The racial makeup of the county was 95.8% white, 0.7% American Indian, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% black or African American, 1.6% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.9% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 33.9% were German, 19.3% were English, 12.8% were Irish, 7.6% were American, and 5.5% were Scottish.[15]

Of the 4,393 households, 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.7% were non-families, and 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.71. The median age was 46.9 years.[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $50,851 and the median income for a family was $59,737. Males had a median income of $40,917 versus $35,876 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,577. About 11.5% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.0% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.[16]

Communities

View from the top of West Mountain at Tamarack Resort, overlooking Lake Cascade to the east

Cities

Unincorporated communities

Ski areas

See also

References

Payette Lake at McCall
  1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. 1 2 3 History of Valley County, Valley County Idaho official website
  4. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  5. ↑ Idaho Byways - Payette River Scenic Byway - accessed 2009-05-18
  6. ↑ Public and Private Airports, Valley County, Idaho
  7. ↑ "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  8. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  9. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  10. ↑ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  11. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  12. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  13. 1 2 3 "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2016-01-09.
  14. ↑ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2016-01-09.
  15. ↑ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2016-01-09.
  16. ↑ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2016-01-09.
 Idaho County
Adams County Custer County and Lemhi County
   Valley County, Idaho  
Gem County Boise County

Coordinates: 44°44′N 115°34′W / 44.74°N 115.56°W / 44.74; -115.56

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