2010s

Millennium:	3rd millennium
Centuries:	20th century – 21st century – 22nd century
Decades:	1980s 1990s 2000s – 2010s – 2020s 2030s 2040s
Years:	2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

The 2010s (pronounced "twenty-tens" and/or "two thousand (and) tens") is the current decade of the Gregorian calendar. It began on January 1, 2010 and will end on December 31, 2019.

Pronunciation

Two pronunciations are used to mention specific years of the 21st century in English.^{[1][2][3][4][5]} For example, 2016 is either pronounced "twenty-sixteen" or "two thousand (and) sixteen".^[2]

Global financial crisis

The 2010s began amidst a global financial crisis that started in the late 2000s. In particular, the Eurozone debt crisis, which began during 2009, continued into the 2010s. Despite the crisis, the American Dow Jones Industrial Average had its longest stretch of gains since the late 1990s tech boom.^[6] However, economic issues, including inflation and an increase in commodity prices, sparked unrest in many lower-income countries. In some countries, particularly those in the Arab world, political unrest evolved into socioeconomic crises. This set off numerous revolutions, including those in Kyrgyzstan and Tunisia in 2010, and Libya, Syria, Yemen, and Egypt in 2011 and 2012. This trend became known as the Arab Spring, and was followed by the Arab Winter.

Social/political relations and crises

With the exception of ongoing conflicts from prior decades, mostly in Africa and Asia, the 2010s started out with a relatively mild geopolitical climate. However, after the start of the Arab Spring, tensions arose between world powers that gradually worsened in the first few years. In 2014, Russian military intervention in Ukraine triggered a sharp downward trend in Russo-Western relations, plunging them to their lowest since the Cold War ended in 1991. That same year, the rise of the jihadist group known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in Iraq and Syria prompted renewed intervention in the region. Other Islamist groups, such as Al-Qaeda, the Taliban, Boko Haram, and Al-Shabaab remain active. Relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran, which both vie for regional influence and back opposing sides in the Syrian and Yemeni civil wars, deteriorated. The rise of China in international affairs has also gained momentum.

Starting in 2015, a huge influx of migrants caused internal strife in the European Union, which, on 23 June 2016, the United Kingdom voted to leave. Support for Turkey's EU membership, once considerable, has eroded somewhat after a failed 2016 coup attempt triggered a widespread crackdown by the Turkish government. Intensifying Islamophobia and Euroscepticism have overall contributed to a spike in nationalism throughout Europe. Events in the United States have been marked by severe political polarization, growing economic inequality, and numerous mass shootings that have ignited fierce debate over American gun culture. The LGBT movements in the United States scored several victories, with the historic Obergefell v. Hodges case legalizing same-sex marriage nationwide.

Wars

The prominent wars of the decade include:

International wars

• Israeli–Palestinian conflict (May 14, 1948 –) – Since 1948, conflict between Jewish and Palestinian communities in Israel and the West Bank has continued to this day.^[7] After Israel occupied the West Bank, it began making settlements there, which has been an obstacle to the peace process.^[8] Tensions also remained high as Hamas, which controls the Gaza Strip, has been launching rockets and cross-border raids into Israeli territory, which Israel has responded with force.^[9]
• War on Terror (September 11, 2001 –) – Since the September 11 attacks, the United States and other governments in the world have been engaged in a war to eliminate terrorism. However, over time the war began to be seen more negatively, with various consequences.^[10][11][12] On May 23, 2013, U.S. President Barack Obama declared the war to be over, saying a war cannot be declared on a tactic and that anti-terrorism operations will be focused on specific groups instead.^[13]
  • War in Afghanistan (October 7, 2001 – December 28, 2014) – The United States, with support from NATO, invaded Taliban-controlled Afghanistan and overthrew the government.^[14] However, the Taliban later regrouped and began an insurgency in the country.^[15] Combat operations were declared over on December 28, 2014, though several thousand troops remain in the country to support Afghanistan's military.^[16]
  • Iraq War (March 20, 2003 – December 18, 2011) – On the pretext that the government of Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction,^[17] the United States and a coalition of partners invaded Iraq and overthrew Hussein.^[18] After the invasion, the U.S. occupied the country.^[19] However, the occupation subsequently created an insurgency by jihadist groups opposed to it and sectarian violence between Shiite and Sunni Muslims in the country.^[20] At the end of 2011, U.S. forces officially withdrew from Iraq.^[21]
• Military intervention in Libya (March 19 – October 31, 2011) – In Libya, anti-government protests evolved into an armed rebellion after forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi began military operations against protesters.^[22] In response to the brutal crackdown, the United Nations authorized an international intervention in support of anti-Gaddafi militias.^[23] International forces, mainly from NATO countries, began airstrikes and enforced a no-fly zone.^[24] The intervention came to an end following the death of Gaddafi in Sirte.^[25]
• War in Donbass and Russian military intervention in Ukraine (April 6, 2014- and February 20, 2014- present)
• Military intervention against ISIL (June 13, 2014 –) – In late 2013, a terrorist organization called the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant began making rapid advances and territorial gains in Iraq and Syria. It captured Mosul in June^[26] and made Al-Raqqah its capital,^[27] declaring itself to be a worldwide caliphate.^[28] Various international coalitions were formed to help fight the militants.^[29][30] By early 2016, ISIL had lost around 40% and 20% of its territory in Iraq and Syria respectively.^[31]
• Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen (March 26, 2015 –) – After Houthi rebels overtook Sana'a on February 6, 2015, the internationally recognized government of Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi relocated to Aden.^[32] In response to a Houthi advance to the coastal city, the Hadi government made a plea for international assistance in taking out the Houthi rebels.^[33] Neighbouring Saudi Arabia and its allies accepted the plea and began carrying out airstrikes across the country to target the Houthi rebels and other non-state actors.^[34]
• Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War (September 30, 2015 –) – By early 2015, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's forces in Syria's civil war began experiencing major setbacks.^[35] The Syrian government requested Russian military intervention.^[36] The Russian Air Force subsequently began airstrikes with the alleged target being jihadist like ISIL,^[37] but instead mostly targeted Syrian opposition rebels opposed to Assad.^[38][39]

Civil wars

• War in North-West Pakistan (March 16, 2004 –) –Since 2004, Pakistan has been fighting an insurgency by various armed militant groups in the country.^[40] The violence has killed almost 57,000 people since,^[41] with over 3 million more affected.^[42] By 2014, however, casualties from terrorist and militant attacks had dropped by around 40%.^[43]
• Houthi insurgency in Yemen (June 14, 2004 – February 6, 2015) – The Houthis, a Shia militant group, waged a war against the Yemeni government.^[44] Yemen had accused Iran of directing and financing the insurgency.^[45] Thousands of rebels and civilians were killed during the conflict.^[46][47] The insurgency came an end in 2015 when Houthi forces captured Sana'a and exiled the government to the port city of Aden.^[48]
• Mexican Drug War (December 11, 2006 –) – Following a rise in criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, Mexican President Felipe Calderón declared a war on drugs in December 2006.^[49] Since the start of the war, the death toll from drug violence had sharply increased.^[50] Arrests of key cartel leaders, particularly in the Tijuana and Gulf cartels, led to increasing violence as cartels fought for control of trafficking routes into the United States.^[51][52][53]
• Philippine Drug War (June 30, 2016 –) – Following a rise in criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, since Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was inaugurated on June 30, 2016. It has caused 402 deaths.^[54]
• War in Somalia (January 31, 2009 –) – Following years of lawlessness in the country, the new Transitional Federal Government attempted to restore order in Somalia. However, Al-Shabaab, an Islamist militant group that gained prominence in the country during the period, had been waging an insurgency against the new government. In 2011, the federal government captured Mogadishu, the capital,^[55] and subsequently retook several towns across the country.^[56] Since then, the government has attempted to clean out the remaining Al-Shabaab strongholds with help from AMISOM soldiers.^[57]
• Colombian Armed Conflict (1964 –) – Fighting between the Colombian government, left-wing guerrillas, and various paramilitary factions had been ongoing since 1964. However, since then end of the Cold War, the violence has sharply decreased as rebel groups gradually became more weakened with only two major groups remaining, FARC and ELN.^[58] The violence has killed over 222,000 people, mostly civilians since the conflict began.^[59] Since 2012, both groups have been in peace talks with the government, with FARC and the government signing a ceasefire in 2016.^[60]
• Northern Mali conflict (January 16, 2012 – February 20, 2015) – In January 2012, a rebellion by Tuaregs in Northern Mali began. After Malian president Amadou Toumani Touré was ousted in a coup d'état, Tuaregs captured Northern Mali,^[61] and declared it to be the independent state of Azawad.^[62] However, shortly afterward, various Islamists groups took over Northern Mali from the Tuaregs and imposed sharia law on the region.^[63]

Arab Spring

• Libyan Civil War (February 15 – October 13, 2011) – Inspired by the revolutions in their neighbours, Libyans began to protest against Muammar Gaddafi's 42-year rule.^[64] However, unlike in Tunisia and Egypt, Gaddafi refused to step down and sent in the military to brutally quell protests.^[65] As a result, many army units had defected to the opposition and protests soon turned into an armed rebellion.^[66] With international help from NATO and neighbors in the region, the rebels were able to make rapid advances into Gaddafi's strongholds, capturing Tripoli, the capital,^[67] and eventually Sirte, Gaddafi's hometown and last outpost, where he was killed.^[68] The war resulted in the death of at least fifty thousand people.^[69]
• Syrian Civil War (since March 15, 2011) – Protests erupted in Syria against President Bashar al-Assad's rule and called for democratic reforms.^[70] The uprising later intensified after police and the army were sent in to crack down on protesters,^[71] laying siege to various opposition strongholds in the country.^[72] The uprising later morphed into war after army officers defected to the opposition, forming the Free Syrian Army (FSA).^[73] Over the course of the war, moderate rebel groups, including the FSA, began to splinter and lose influence in the conflict,^[74] allowing for Islamic extremist groups like Al-Nusra Front and ISIL to take control of vast amounts of territory. By 2014, ISIL was the main force fighting Assad.^[75]

Political events

Coups

The most prominent coups d'états committed against the ruling governments during the decade include:

• 2010 Nigerien coup d'état (February 18, 2010)^[76]
• 2012 Malian coup d'état (March 21, 2012)^[77]
• 2012 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état (April 12, 2012)^[78]
• 2013 Egyptian coup d'état (July 3, 2013)^[79]
• 2014 Thai coup d'état (May 22, 2014)^[80]
• 2014–15 Yemeni coup d'état (September 21, 2014)^[81]
• 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt (July 15, 2016)

Terrorist attacks

The most prominent terrorist attacks committed against civilian populations during the decade include:

• 2010 Moscow Metro bombings (40 killed and 102 injured)^[82]
• 2010 Ahmadiyya mosques massacre (87 killed and 120+ injured)^[83]
• Domodedovo International Airport bombing (37 killed and 173 injured)^[84]
• 2011 Norway attacks (77 killed and 319+ injured)^[85]
• 2011 Monterrey casino attack (52 killed and 10 injured)^[86]
• Boston Marathon bombing (5 killed and 264 injured)^[87]
• Zamboanga City siege (220 killed and 70 injured)^[88]
• Westgate shopping mall attack (67 dead and 175 injured)^[89]
• December 2013 Volgograd bombings (32 killed and 85 injured)^[90]
• 2014 Peshawar school massacre (148 killed and 114 injured)^[91]
• Charlie Hebdo shooting (17 killed and 22 injured)^[92]
• 2015 Baga massacre (150+ killed)^[93]
• Mamasapano clash (67 killed and 17+ injured)^[94]
• Bardo National Museum attack (24 killed and 50+ injured)^[95]
• 2015 Sana'a mosque bombings (142 killed and 351 injured)^[96]
• Garissa University College attack (152 killed and 79 injured)^[97]
• 2015 Ramadan attacks (403 killed and 336+ injured)^[98]
• 2015 Bangkok bombing (20 killed and 125 injured)^[99]
• 2015 Beirut bombings (43 killed and 240 injured)^[100]
• 2015 Ankara bombings (109 killed and 400+ injured)^[101]
• November 2015 Paris attacks (130 killed and 368 injured)^[102]
• 2015 Bamako hotel attack (20 killed and 9 injured)^[103]
• 2015 San Bernardino attack (14 killed and 22 injured)^[104]
• 2016 Jakarta attacks (8 killed and 24 injured)^{[105][106][107]}
• 2016 Brussels bombings (35 killed and 300+ injured)^[108]
• 2016 Lahore suicide bombing (69 killed and 300+ injured)^[109]
• Tipo-Tipo clash (18+ killed and 70 injured)^[110]
• 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting (49 killed and 53 injured)^[111]
• 2016 Istanbul airport attack (45 killed and 236 injured)^[112]
• 2016 Gulshan attack (20 killed)^[113]
• July 2016 Baghdad bombings (281 killed and 200 injured)^[114]
• 2016 Gaziantep bombing (54 killed and 66 injured, 14 critically) ^[115]

Nuclear weapons

U.S. President Barack Obama and Russian Prime Minister Dmitri Medvedev signing the New START treaty in Prague.

• In 2005, Iran's nuclear program became a source of tension due to fears that Iran could possibly divert civilian nuclear technology into a nuclear weapons program.^[116] This led the UN Security Council to impose sanctions against Iran on select companies linked to Iran's nuclear program, causing further economic isolation of Iran.^[117] In 2015, Iran and other world powers agreed to trade sanctions relief for explicit constraints on Iran's nuclear program, including permanently closing their plutonium reactor, reducing the number of uranium-enriching centrifuges by two-thirds and allowing the inspections of nuclear facilities by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).^[118] In January 16, 2016 the IAEA confirmed that Iran had complied with the agreement, allowing the United Nations to lift sanctions immediately.^[119][120]
• In April 8, 2010, the United States and Russia signed a treaty in Prague, Czech Republic to reduce the stockpiles of their nuclear weapons by half. It is meant to replace the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (SORT), which was set to expire.^[121] The treaty went into force on February 5, 2011 after it was ratified by both nations.^[122]
• Throughout the decade, North Korea expanded its nuclear capabilities, performing alleged nuclear tests in 2013^[123] and 2016,^[124] which governments responded by placing international sanctions on the country.^[125][126] In response North Korea has threatened the United States, South Korea and Japan with pre-emptive nuclear strikes.^[127]

Cyber security and hacking

Cyber security incidents, such as hacking, leaks or theft of sensitive information, gained increased attention of governments, corporations and individuals.

• July 25, 2010 – WikiLeaks published more than 90,000 internal U.S. military logs of the War in Afghanistan. The documents revealed how the coalition used special forces to hunt down Taliban leaders and "kill or capture" them without trial, increasingly used drones to attack alleged Taliban positions, covered up evidence of the Taliban acquiring surface-to-air missiles and the deaths of civilians by coalition forces and Taliban suicide bombings.^[128][129]
• October 22, 2010 – Wikileaks disclosed nearly 392,000 U.S. Army field reports of the Iraq War, which documented multiple cases of U.S. authorities failing to report torture, rape and other abuses of detainees and purposely misleading the death toll of the war,^[130] soldiers killing hundreds of civilians for coming too close to checkpoints and other war crimes.^[131][132] The leaks also showed that Iran was involved in the war by supplying Shiite militias with deadly weapons for use against civilians, Sunni Muslims and U.S. Army soldiers.^[133] It is the largest leak in the history of the U.S. military.^[134]
• April 2013 - The Offshore leaks is the name of a report disclosing details of 130,000 offshore accounts. Some observers have called it one of the biggest hit against international tax fraud of all times, although it has been pointed out that normal businesses may use the offshore legislation to ease formalities in international trade.^[135][136] The report originated from the Washington D.C.-based investigative journalism nonprofit, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and was based on a cache of 2.5 million secret records about the offshore assets of people from 170 countries and territories, obtained by ICIJ's director.^[136]
• June 5, 2013 – Edward Snowden leaked files through the Guardian newspaper detailing National Security Agency (NSA) privacy policies, including PRISM, the NSA call database, and Boundless Informant.^{[137][138][139]} These leaks raised serious questions for civilians on whether their privacy should be breached in the name of public safety and whether that had already happened.^[140] Leaks also revealed covert actions against German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff and have damaged diplomatic relations in Europe and Brazil.^[141][142]
• February 2015 - The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) website released information about bank accounts in Switzerland under the title Swiss Leaks.^[143] The investigation was conducted by over 130 journalists in Paris, Washington, Geneva, and 46 other countries. Investigators allege that 180.6 billion euros passed through HSBC accounts held in Geneva by over 100,000 clients and 20,000 offshore companies between November 2006 and March 2007. The data for this period comes from files removed from HSBC Private Bank by a former staffer and handed to French authorities in late 2008.^[144] The disclosed information has been called "the biggest leak in Swiss banking history".^[145]
• June 5, 2015 – The Office of Personnel Management of the U.S. government announced that it was hacked, resulting in a massive data breach, stealing information of around 21.5 million people.^[146] The attack was suspected to have originated from China but it remains unclear if it was or not.^[147]
• February 4, 2016 – The Bangladesh Bank became a victim of theft after hackers attempted to steal US$951 Million from its account at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York by taking credentials for payment transfers and then moving the money to the Philippines and Sri Lanka.^[148] The hackers failed to steal the attempted amount but still got away with $81 million, which was diverted to the Philippines, making it one of the largest bank heists in history.^[149][150]
• March 27, 2016 – Anonymous Philippines has hacked the website of Commission on Elections to force them to place security features on Vote Counting Machine (VCM).^[151] Soon, the LulzSec Pilipinas leaked sensitive information of voters all over the Philippines from the COMELEC website, and the incident has been called the "biggest government data breach in history".^[152] On April 21, one of the hackers involved in the recent defacement and supposed leak of data from the Commission on Elections' official website has been arrested in Sampaloc, Manila.^[153] On April 29, another hacker allegedly responsible for leaking the information of voters from the Comelec website was arrested by the National Bureau of Investigation.^[154]
• April 3, 2016 – 11.5 millions confidential documents were leaked from the Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca that detailed financial and attorney–client information of more than 214,488 offshore companies.^[155] The leaks revealed information of various world leaders, politicians, billionaires and celebrities being involved in hidden financial dealings within tax havens and companies doing business with terrorist organizations and governments under international sanctions.^[156][157]
• September 22, 2016 - Yahoo Inc. reported that account information for up to 500 million users in 2014 had been hacked.^[158] Yahoo alleged in its statement that the act was "state-sponsored data breach."^[159] It was believed that the hack compromised personal data from the accounts including names, addresses, passwords, telephone numbers and possibly encrypted information including security questions.^[160] Further the statement claimed that the hacker was no longer in Yahoo's system and that the company was fully cooperating with law enforcement.^[159]

Prominent political events

The prominent political events include:

Africa

Demonstrators marching on Avenue Habib Bourguiba in downtown Tunis, Tunisia, January 12, 2011.

• January 9, 2011 – A referendum was held in Southern Sudan on whether the region should remain part of Sudan. An overwhelming majority voted in favour of separation and formed the new country of South Sudan.^[161]
• January 14, 2011 – Amidst anti-government protests, Tunisia's president, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, dissolved the government, declared a state of emergency and resigned from office.^[162]
• January 25, 2011 – Inspired by the Tunisian demonstrations, protests erupted in Egypt, called for the departure of longtime President Hosni Mubarak. Mubarak resigned on 11 February 2011.^[163]
• February 15, 2011 – A popular revolt against Muammar Gaddafi's 42-year rule over Libya led to thousands of deaths and UN sanctions against the nation's government following a brutal crackdown against protesters.^[164]
• January 16, 2012 – An Islamist revolt in northern Mali threatened to gain control of the country. A coalition, led by France, intervened to assist the Malian government in fighting the militants.^[165]
• March 25, 2013 – Séléka rebels conquered the capital of the Central African Republic, Bangui, and forced President François Bozizé to flee the country, resulting in widespread sectarian violence.^[166]
• July 3, 2013 – Political violence broke out in Egypt after the military overthrew President Mohamed Morsi in a coup.^[167]
• December 5, 2013 – Nelson Mandela, anti-apartheid activist and President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, died.^[168]
• October 31, 2014 – President of Burkina Faso Blaise Compaoré resigned and fled to the Ivory Coast in the face of widespread protests, ending 27 years of authoritarian rule.^[169]
• November 29, 2014 – Former Egypt President Hosni Mubarak was found not guilty of charges of killing protesters in the 2011 Egyptian protests and was also cleared of corruption charges.^[170][171]
• March 12, 2015 – Nigeria's Boko Haram merged with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant to form the so-called "West African Province".^[172]
• March 29, 2015 – Muhammadu Buhari was elected President of Nigeria, the first time the opposition ever won an election against an incumbent and the first ever peaceful transfer of power in the country.^[173]
• April 26, 2015 – Burundi faces unrest as President Pierre Nkurunziza sought a third term in office, resulting in hundreds killed and thousands more fleeing the country.^[174]
• December 1, 2016 – Adama Barrow was elected President of The Gambia, defeating longtime President Yahya Jammeh and ending more than 22 years of authoritarian rule.^[175]

Americas

U.S. President Barack Obama and Cuban President Raúl Castro shaking hands in Panama after resuming diplomatic relations between the two countries, April 11, 2015.

• January 11, 2010 – A trial to determine the constitutionality of same-sex marriage in the United States was held in California.^[176]
• March 23, 2010 – The U.S. House of Representatives approved the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in an effort to reform the U.S. Health care system.^[177]
• October 31, 2010 – Dilma Rousseff was elected as the first female President of Brazil.^[178]
• June 5, 2011 – Ollanta Humala, was elected president of Peru.^[179]
• September 17, 2011 – Hundreds of protesters marched into the financial district of Wall Street in New York City beginning the Occupy Wall Street movement. The movement started a series of demonstrations and hundreds of encampments in cities across the nation, forming the Occupy movement.^[180]
• July 1, 2012 – Enrique Peña Nieto won the Mexican general election, bringing the Institutional Revolutionary Party back to prominence for the first time since 2000.^[181]
• November 6, 2012 – Barack Obama was re-elected President of the United States, defeating Republican nominee Mitt Romney.^[182]
• March 5, 2013 – Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez died at the age of 58 after governing the country for 14 years.^[183]
• March 13, 2013 – Pope Francis of Argentina was elected as the first Pope from the Americas.^[184]
• March 5, 2014 – Nicolás Maduro, the President of Venezuela, severed diplomatic and political ties with Panama, accusing it of involvement in a conspiracy against the Venezuelan government.^[185]
• April 28, 2014 – U.S. President Barack Obama's new economic sanctions against Russia went into effect, targeting companies and individuals close to Russian President Vladimir Putin.^[186]
• June 26, 2015 – Same-sex marriage was legalized in all 50 U.S. states due to a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States.^[187]
• July 20, 2015 – Cuba and the United States resume diplomatic relations between each other, ending more than 50 years of hostility.^[188]
• October 19, 2015 – The Liberal Party, led by Justin Trudeau, won Canada's federal election, defeating the Conservative Party in the country's longest election in a century.^[189]
• November 22, 2015 – Mauricio Macri was elected President of Argentina, ending over a decade of "Kirchnerism" in the country.^[190]
• December 6, 2015 – The PSUV lost their majority in the National assembly of Venezuela to the opposition for the first time since 1999.^[191]
• May 12, 2016 – The Brazilian Senate votes (55-22) to open the impeachment process against the President of Brazil Dilma Rousseff and suspend her from office while the trial takes place as the Vice President of Brazil, Michel Temer, assumes the presidential powers and duties as Acting President of Brazil.^[192]
• June 5, 2016 – Pedro Pablo Kuczynski was elected president of Peru.^[193]
• June 23, 2016 – The government of Colombia and FARC rebels signed a ceasefire, officially ending over 50 years of conflict between the two.^[194]
• November 8, 2016 – Republican nominee Donald Trump was elected the 45th President of the United States, defeating Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton in the race to succeed Obama.

Asia

Benigno S. Aquino III taking his oath of office as the 15th President of the Philippines.

Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou meeting Chinese paramount leader Xi Jinping in Singapore, November 7, 2015.

• April 7, 2010 – Kyrgyz President Kurmanbek Bakiyev fled Bishkek amid fierce anti-government riots as the opposition seized control.^[195]
• May 10, 2010 – Benigno Aquino III was elected President of the Philippines.^[196]
• November 7, 2010 – Thein Sein was elected President of Myanmar, the first civilian President of the country since 1962.^[197]
• November 13, 2010 – Burmese opposition politician Aung San Suu Kyi was released from her house arrest after being incarcerated since 1989.^[198]
• March 15, 2011 – Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain, declared a three-month state of emergency as troops from the Gulf Co-operation Council were sent to quell the civil unrest.^[199]
• December 17, 2011 – Supreme Leader Kim Jong-il of North Korea died after governing the country for 17 years. His son, Kim Jong-un, succeeded him.^[200]
• November 8, 2012 – The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, with Xi Jinping being chosen as the new General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and as the Chairman of the Central Military Commission.^[201]
• December 19, 2012 – Park Geun-hye was elected President of South Korea, the first woman to hold the position.^[202]
• December 26, 2012 – The Liberal Democratic Party, led by Shinzō Abe, won a landslide victory in Japan's general election.^[203]
• March 11, 2013 – The Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un of North Korea broke all peace pacts with South Korea and started a new nuclear weapons plan, inflaming tensions on the Korean Peninsula.^[204]
• May 12, 2014 – The Bharatiya Janata Party, led by Narendra Modi, won a landslide victory in India's general election, the first time BJP gained a majority since 1984.^[205]
• May 22, 2014 – Prayut Chan-o-cha was appointed prime minister of Thailand.^[206]
• May 23, 2014 – Thailand Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra is home-arrested in the wake of a military coup.^[207]
• July 9, 2014 – Joko Widodo won Indonesia's presidential election, becoming the first president to not be from the country's political elite or military.^[208]
• September 26, 2014 – Protests erupted in Hong Kong after proposed new electoral reforms prompted concerns of growing mainland Chinese influence in the politics of the island.^[209]
• January 22, 2015 – After Houthi forces seized the presidential palace, Yemeni President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi resigned after months of unrest.^[210]
• January 23, 2015 – Abdullah, the King of Saudi Arabia from 2005 to 2015, died and is replaced by King Salman.^[211]
• March 23, 2015 – Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore from 1959 to 1990, died.^[212]
• June 6, 2015 – India and Bangladesh officially ratified their 1974 agreement to exchange enclaves along their border.^[213]
• November 7, 2015 – Chinese leader and Taiwanese president, Xi Jinping and Ma Ying-jeou, formally meet, the first time any leader of their respective countries met since 1949.^[214]
• November 8, 2015 – The NLD, led by Aung San Suu Kyi, won a sweeping victory in Myanmar's first openly contested election since 1990.^[215]
• January 3, 2016 – Following the fallout caused by the Execution of Nimr al-Nimr, a prominent Saudi Shia cleric, Saudi Arabia and its allies severed their diplomatic relations with Iran.^[216]
• January 16, 2016 – Tsai Ing-wen was elected President of Taiwan, the first woman to hold the position.^[217]
• April 2, 2016 – Clashes between Armenian and Azerbaijani military in Nagorno-Karabakh kill at least 193 people, which becomes the heaviest breach of the 1994 ceasefire.^[218]
• May 9, 2016 – Rodrigo Duterte was elected President of the Philippines.^[219]
• July 12, 2016 – The Philippines wins the arbitration case they filed at the Permanent Court of Arbitration regarding the legality of China's nine-dotted line claim over the South China Sea under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.^[220][221]
• July 15, 2016 – A coup d'état is launched against Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's government of Turkey, but ultimately fails on July 16.^[222]
• October 13, 2016 – Bhumibol Adulyadej, the King of Thailand from 1946 to 2016, died and will be replaced by his son, Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn.

Europe

Pope Benedict XVI at his final Wednesday General Audience in St. Peter's Square shortly before resigning as pope, February 27, 2013.

• May 6, 2010 – The 2010 United Kingdom election resulted in the first "hung parliament" since 1974.
• February 15, 2011 – Longtime Italian prime minister, Silvio Berlusconi, was indicted for allegedly paying for sex with an underage nightclub dancer, and ordered to stand trial. Berlusconi resigned in November and Mario Monti was appointed Prime Minister and held the office until 2013.^[223]
• May 5, 2011 – The Scottish National Party won an overall majority in the Scottish Parliament under Scotland's First Minister Alex Salmond. The SNP's transition from a minority government to a majority government allowed them to pledge to have a referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom.^[224]
• April 22, 2012 – François Hollande was elected as the new President of France, becoming the first socialist president of the country in 17 years.^[225]
• February 28, 2013 – Benedict XVI resigned as pope, the first to do so since Gregory XII in 1415, and the first to do so voluntarily since Celestine V in 1294.^[226][227]
• April 8, 2013 – Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990, died.^[228]
• April 20, 2013 – Amid growing financial tensions, Italian President Giorgio Napolitano was re-elected, the first ever Italian president to be re-elected. Napolitano appointed Enrico Letta Prime Minister, at the head of a Grand coalition.^[229]
• April 30, 2013 – Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands abdicated in favour of her son, Willem-Alexander, who became the country's first king in over a century.^[230]
• February 21, 2014 – Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych fled the country following violent protests in the capital, Kiev. The opposition-controlled Verkhovna Rada voted to remove him as president.^[231]
• February 13, 2014 – Matteo Renzi, after becoming the new leader of the Italian Democratic Party, forced Enrico Letta to resign and was elected Prime Minister, starting a program of radical constitutional reforms.^[232]
• March 18, 2014 – Russia annexed the Crimean peninsula from Ukraine following an internationally unrecognized referendum on the status of the region.^[233]
• May 22, 2014 – The UK Independence Party received the most votes in the European election for the United Kingdom, the first time a third party won an election in the country since 1906.^[234]
• May 24, 2014 – The French National Front won the most votes in the European election in respect to France, leading to fears of a growing far-right in mainland Europe.^[235]
• September 18, 2014 – In the Scottish independence referendum, Scotland voted to remain in the United Kingdom, with 55.3% of votes against independence while 44.7% voted in favour.^[236]
• June 19, 2014 – King Juan Carlos I of Spain abdicated in favour of his son, Felipe VI.^[237]
• January 26, 2015 – Alexis Tsipras, the leader of the anti-austerity Syriza party, was elected as Prime Minister of Greece.^[238]
• February 12, 2015 – Leaders from Russia, Ukraine, Germany and France reached an agreement on the conflict in Eastern Ukraine that included a ceasefire and withdrawal of heavy weapons.^[239] However, the truce has largely failed to stop the fighting, with skirmishes continuing unabated.^[240]
• May 23, 2015 – The Republic of Ireland voted to legalize same-sex marriage, becoming the first country to legalize same-sex marriage by popular vote.^[241]
• July 1, 2015 – Greece became the first advanced economy to miss a payment to the International Monetary Fund in the fund's 71-year history.^[242]
• February 12, 2016 – Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill signed an Ecumenical Declaration in the first such meeting between leaders of the Catholic and Russian Orthodox Churches since their split in 1054.^[243]
• June 23, 2016 – In a referendum held in the United Kingdom on whether or not to continue being a member of the European Union, voters choose to leave it.^[244][245]
• July 13, 2016 – Theresa May succeeded David Cameron as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, becoming Britain's second female prime minister after a leadership election.^[246]

Oceania

• June 24, 2010 – Julia Gillard succeeded Kevin Rudd as the Prime Minister of Australia, becoming Australia's first female prime minister after a leadership spill.^[247]
• August 19, 2013 – Same-sex marriage was legalized in New Zealand, making it the first country in Oceania to allow same-sex couples to marry.^[248]
• September 17, 2014 – Former Fijian military commander Frank Bainimarama won Fiji's first democratic election since a coup in 2006, officially ending years of military rule.^[249]
• July 4, 2015 – Tupou VI was crowned King of Tonga, succeeding his brother George Tupou V, who died in 2012.^[250]
• September 15, 2015 – Malcolm Turnbull succeeded Tony Abbott as Prime Minister of Australia after a leadership spill.^[251]

Gallery of notable world leaders

Note: Names of country leaders shown below in bold face have remained in power continuously throughout the entirety of the decade (as of December 2016).

• 

  Barack Obama

• 

  Vladimir Putin

• 

  Xi Jinping

• 

  Angela Merkel

• 

  François Hollande

• 

  David Cameron

• 

  Pope Francis

• 

  Cristina Fernández de Kirchner

• 

  Mauricio Macri

• 

  Julia Gillard

• 

  Malcolm Turnbull

• 

  Dilma Rousseff

• 

  Stephen Harper

• 

  Justin Trudeau

• 

  Michelle Bachelet

• 

  Sebastián Piñera

• 

  Raúl Castro

• 

  Abdel Fattah el-Sisi

• 

  Alexis Tsipras

• 

  Viktor Orbán

• 

  Andrzej Duda

• 

  Joko Widodo

• 

  Manmohan Singh

• 

  Narendra Modi

• 

  Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

• 

  Hassan Rouhani

• 

  Benjamin Netanyahu

• 

  Matteo Renzi

• 

  Shinzō Abe

• 

  Kim Jong-un

• 

  Park Geun-hye

• 

  Enrique Peña Nieto

• 

  Thein Sein

• 

  Htin Kyaw

• 

  Benigno Aquino III

• 

  Rodrigo Duterte

• 

  Bashar al-Assad

• 

  Ma Ying-jeou

• 

  Tsai Ing-wen

• 

  Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

• 

  Nicolás Maduro

• 

  Jacob Zuma

• 

  Mahmoud Abbas

• 

  Viktor Yanukovych

• 

  Petro Poroshenko

• 

  Theresa May

• 

  Li Keqiang

• 

  Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

• 

  Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

Assassinations, targeted killings and assassination attempts

Osama bin Laden

Muammar Gaddafi

Prominent assassinations, targeted killings, and assassination attempts include:

• January 1, 2011 – Reynaldo Dagsa, Philippine Barangay official from Caloocan, was assassinated by two men during New Year's Eve.^[252]
• January 8, 2011 – Federal judge John Roll and 5 others were killed and 13 more were injured in a shooting near Tucson. The shooting was reported to be an assassination attempt. The apparent target, U.S. Representative Gabrielle Giffords, was critically injured in the head.^[253]
• May 2, 2011 – Osama bin Laden, the founder and leader of the militant Islamist group Al-Qaeda, was killed in a targeted killing in Abbottabad, Pakistan in an operation conducted by a team of United States Navy SEAL commandos.^[254]
• August 15, 2011 – Esmael Mangudadatu, Governor of Maguindanao was a victim of a car bomb in Tacurong city, Sultan Kudarat. Two people were killed, including a Maguindanao board member, while six others were wounded.^[255]
• September 30, 2011 – Anwar al-Awlaki, a senior talent recruiter, planner and spiritual leader of al-Qaeda, was killed in a targeted killing in the northern al-Jawf province of Yemen, using two US Predator drones fired Hellfire missiles.^[256]
• October 20, 2011 – Muammar Gaddafi, Libya's ousted leader, was shot to death in Sirte.^[257]
• September 4, 2012 – Pauline Marois, Premier-designate of Quebec, escaped death during her victory speech after Richard Henry Bain opened fire at the Metropolis in Montreal, killing one person and critically injuring another.^[258]
• October 9, 2012 – Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani Women's rights activist was the victim of assassination attempt by the Taliban in Pakistan.^[259]
• February 6, 2013 – Chokri Belaid, Tunisian opposition leader of the Democratic Patriots' Unified Party, was fatally shot.^[260]
• May 22, 2013 – Lee Rigby, a British Army soldier who was killed by Islamic extremists with links to Al-Qaeda, the first such attack by the group in the United Kingdom since 2005.^[261]
• January 25, 2015 – Zulkifli Abdhir, suspected member of Jemaah Islamiyah, was killed in a police operation in Mamasapano, Philippines.^[262]
• February 27, 2015 – Boris Nemtsov, Russian physicist, statesman and opposition politician, was assassinated on the Bolshoy Moskvoretsky Bridge, Central Moscow, Russia, within sight of the Kremlin.^[263]
• March 5, 2015 – Mark Lippert, United States Ambassador to South Korea, was rushed into hospital after he was attacked by a knife-wielding man identified as Kim Ki-jong at a restaurant attached to Sejong Center in downtown Seoul, where Lippert was scheduled to give a speech at a meeting of the Korean Council for Reconciliation and Cooperation.^[264]
• August 26, 2015 – Alison Parker and Adam Ward, news reporter and camera operator of CBS affiliate WDBJ of Roanoke, Virginia were shot and killed on live television during an interview in Moneta, Virginia.^[265]
• March 1, 2016 – Aid al-Qarni, Islamic Muslim scholar, author and activist was shot injured in an assassination attempt in Zamboanga City in the Philippines.^[266]
• June 16, 2016 – Jo Cox, British MP, was shot and stabbed to death by a Neo-Nazi white supremacist^[267] in Birstall, England. She was the first British MP assassinated in over a quarter of a century and the first female politician in Britain to be assassinated.^[268]

Disasters

The most prominent disasters include:

Non-natural disasters

Aviation

• January 25, 2010 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 409 crashed into the Mediterranean Sea shortly after take-off from Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport, killing all 90 people on board.^[269]
• April 10, 2010 – Polish President Lech Kaczyński and dozens of Polish government and military officials were among 96 people killed when their plane crashed near Smolensk, Russia.^[270]
• May 12, 2010 – Afriqiyah Airways Flight 771 crashed on a runway at Tripoli International Airport in Libya, killing all but one of the 104 passengers and crew.^[271]
• May 22, 2010 – Air India Express Flight 812 overshot the runway at Mangalore International Airport in India, killing 158 people, with eight surviving.^[272]
• July 28, 2010 – Airblue Flight 202 en route from Karachi to Islamabad crashed in the Margalla Hills near Islamabad, killing all 152 aboard, becoming the deadliest air crash in Pakistan's history.^[273]
• December 10, 2011 – Parañaque plane crash kills 14 people in a slum area.^[274]
• June 3, 2012 – Dana Air Flight 992 crashed in the Nigerian city of Lagos, killing all 153 people aboard. 10 people on the ground also perished.^[275]
• August 18, 2012 – A plane carrying four people – two pilots, the Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Local Government Jesse Robredo and his aide, crashed off the shore of Masbate Island en route to Robredo's hometown of Naga City from Cebu City. His aide survived the crash, however the Secretary and the two pilots did not survived.^[276]
• July 6, 2013 – Asiana Airlines Flight 214 crashed at San Francisco airport killing 3 and injuring 181 people.^[277]
• March 8, 2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 vanished en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. The bulk of the plane is still missing, with all 239 people on board presumed dead.^[278] The first remains of the aircraft were found on July 29, 2015, after they washed ashore on Réunion Island.^[279]
• May 14, 2014 – A Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force airplane crashed in northern Laos, killing 16 people, among them several prominent Laotian statesmen, including Defense Minister Douangchay Phichit.^[280]
• July 17, 2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 was shot down over Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine and crashed near the Ukrainian-Russian border, killing all 298 people on board, making it the deadliest airline shoot down in history.^[281]
• July 24, 2014 – Air Algérie Flight 5017 crashed in southern Mali, killing all 116 passengers and crew.^[282]
• December 28, 2014 – Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501 crashed in the Java sea after an attempt to avoid heavy thunderstorms, leaving all 162 people dead.^[283]
• March 9, 2015 – Two helicopters collided in mid-air in a remote area of northwestern Argentina leaving at least ten dead. Among the dead were a group of French sports stars participating in a reality-television show called Dropped.^[284]
• March 24, 2015 – Germanwings Flight 9525 crashed in the French Alps, killing all 150 on board.^[285]
• May 8, 2015 – Ambassadors Leif Larsen of Norway, Domingo Lucenario of the Philippines, Burhan Muhammad of Indonesia and other diplomats and the two helicopter pilots were killed in a helicopter crash in Pakistan.^[286]
• June 30, 2015 – A Lockheed C-130 Hercules operated by the Indonesian Air Force crashed into a crowded residential neighborhood in Medan shortly after take-off from Soewondo Air Force Base, killing 143 people including 22 on the ground, making it the deadliest crash in Indonesian Air Force peacetime history.^[287]
• October 31, 2015 – Metrojet Flight 9268, an Airbus A321 airliner en route to Saint Petersburg from Sharm el-Sheikh, crashes near Al-Hasana in Sinai, killing all 217 passengers and crew on board.^[288]
• November 24, 2015 – Turkey shot down a Russian fighter jet in the first case of a NATO member destroying a Russian aircraft since the 1950s.^[289]
• March 19, 2016 – Flydubai Flight 981 crashed in the runway of Rostov-on-Don Airport in Russia, killing 62 passengers and crews.^[290]
• May 19, 2016 – EgyptAir Flight 804 was an international passenger flight from Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport to Cairo International Airport, operated by EgyptAir, that went missing over the Mediterranean Sea near the Greek island of Karpathos. There were 66 people on board who are still missing.^[291][292]

General

• January 27, 2013 – 242 people were killed in a fire at a nightclub in Santa Maria, Brazil.^[293]
• April 24, 2013 – An eight story factory building collapsed in the outskirts of Dhaka, Bangladesh, killing 1,129 people and injuring over 2,000 more, becoming the deadliest structural failure in history.^[294]
• November 12, 2013 – The roof of a shopping centre in Zolitūde, Latvia collapsed, killing 54 people and resulting in the resignation of Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis.^[295]
• May 13, 2015 – At least 72 were killed in a fire at a slipper manufacturing factory in Valenzuela City, Philippines.^{[296][297][298]}
• August 13, 2015 – Two explosions occurred within 30 seconds of each other at a container storage station at the Port of Tianjin in the Binhai New Area of Tianjin, China, killing at least 173.^[299]
• September 11, 2015 – A crane toppled over at Mecca, killing 111 people, weeks before the official Hajj pilgrimage.^[300]
• September 24, 2015 – A stampede during the Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, killed at least 2,236 people, making it the deadliest Hajj disaster in history.^[301]
• October 30, 2015 – A fire broke out at a nightclub in Bucharest, Romania, killing 63 people and resulting in widespread protests that led to the resignation of Prime Minister Victor Ponta.^[302]
• November 5, 2015 – The Bento Rodrigues dam disaster occurred in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, when an iron ore tailings dam in Bento Rodrigues, a subdistrict of Mariana, Brazil, suffered a catastrophic failure,^[303] causing flooding and at least 17 deaths.^[304] At least 16 people have been injured.^[305] This incident has been described as the worst environmental disaster in Brazil's history.^[306][307]

Marine

• January 13, 2012 – The Italian cruise ship Costa Concordia hit a reef and partially capsized off the coast of Isola del Giglio, Italy, killing 32 people.^[308]
• January 17, 2013 – USS Guardian (MCM-5), an American mine countermeasures ship, ran ground at Tubbataha Reef, testing relations between the Philippines and the United States.^[309]
• August 16, 2013 – MV St. Thomas Aquinas collided with MV Sulpicio Express Siete resulting in 55 deaths. 65 people remain missing.^[310]
• April 16, 2014 – South Korean ferry MV Sewol capsized while en route to Jeju, killing 295 people, mostly secondary school students from Danwon High School.^[311]
• June 1, 2015 – The river cruise ship Dong Fang Zhi Xing capsized in the Yangtze River after being hit by a waterspout, killing 442 people, making it the deadliest maritime disaster in China's peacetime history.^[312]
• July 2, 2015 – MB Kim Nirvana, a motorized jukung bound for Camotes Islands which carried 173 passengers, capsized off the coast of Ormoc, killing 62 passengers.^[313]

Pollution

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill as seen from space by NASA's Terra satellite, May 24, 2010.

• April 20, 2010 – An explosion on BP's Deepwater Horizon offshore drilling rig, operating in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Louisiana, left eleven crewmen dead and resulted in a fire that sank the rig and caused a massive oil spill,^[314] becoming the worst environmental disaster in U.S. history.^[315]
• March 11, 2011 – A magnitude 9.0^[316] earthquake off the coast of Sendai caused a tsunami that severely damaged the Fukushima Daiichi and Fukushima Daini nuclear power plants. The damage resulted in the worst nuclear disaster since the Chernobyl disaster, contaminating the entire area.^[317]
• April 25, 2014 – The U.S. city of Flint, Michigan's water source was changed from the treated Detroit Water and Sewerage Department to the Flint River, where officials had failed to apply corrosion inhibitors.^[318] This decision led to the water being contaminated by lead and eventual nationwide outrage about an alleged coverup.^[319]

Natural disasters

• January 12, 2010 – A 7.0 magnitude earthquake hit Haiti, causing widespread destruction in Port-au-Prince. Haitian authorities believe that the disaster killed between 200,000 and 250,000 people^[320] and over three million more were affected by the quake^[321]
• February 27, 2010 – An 8.8 magnitude earthquake occurred in Chile, triggering a tsunami across the Pacific and killing 497.^[322] One of the largest earthquakes in recorded history, this rare megathrust earthquake likely shifted Earth's axis and slightly shortened its days.^[323][324]
• March 20, 2010 – Eruptions of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano of Iceland in April caused unprecedented disruption to international air travel, rendering transatlantic flight impossible and closing airways across much of Europe, affecting the travel plans of millions of passengers. The event was the largest air traffic shut-down since World War II.^[325] The International Air Transport Association estimated that the airline industry worldwide would lose €148 million or GB£130 million a day during the disruption.^[326]
• April 4, 2010 (Easter Sunday) – A 7.2 magnitude earthquake hit Mexicali and Baja, killing four and injuring one hundred. US border towns in Imperial Valley, California were affected.
• April 13, 2010 – A 6.9 magnitude earthquake occurred in western China, killing at least 2,200 and injuring more than 12,000.^[327][328]
• Early November 2010 – Mount Merapi erupted in Indonesia, killing 353 people and grounding flights across Southeast Asia, becoming the largest eruption from the mountain in a century.
• July 2010 – Flooding occurred in Pakistan after record monsoon rains, killing at least 1,600 people, thousands were rendered homeless, and more than thirteen million people were affected.^{[329][330][331][332][333]} Estimates from rescue service officials suggest the death toll might have reached 3,000.^[334]
• October 18, 2010 – Typhoon Megi hit the Philippines, killing at least 69 and causing $US709 million in damage. It was the deadliest tropical cyclone to ever hit the Philippines.^[335]
• January 11, 2011 – Floods and mudslides killed 903 people across the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.^[336][337]
• February 22, 2011 – A 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch, New Zealand, killing 185 people.^[338]

An aerial view of Sendai following an earthquake and tsunami, March 12, 2011.

• March 11, 2011 – A 9.0 magnitude earthquake hit near Sendai, Japan. It created a 30 feet (9.1 m) high tsunami, leaving 15,893 dead, 2,565 missing and over 150,000 displaced.^[339][340] It was the largest earthquake to hit Japan in 140 years.^[341]
• April 25–28, 2011 – A tornado outbreak in the United States killed 342 people across seven states. It was the largest and one of the deadliest tornado outbreaks in United States history.^[342]
• May 21, 2011 – Another US tornado outbreak took place over six days. 178 people were killed, most of which occurred in Joplin, Missouri after an EF5 tornado swept through the city, killing 161 people.^[343]
• October 23, 2011 – A 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck the Turkish city of Van, leaving over 604 dead and thousands more injured.^[344]
• October 29, 2011 – A rare October snow storm hit the northeastern United States and Mid-Atlantic United States days before Halloween, leaving millions without power and killing 15.
• December 16, 2011 – Tropical Storm Washi caused catastrophic damage on the Philippine island of Mindanao. More than 1,000 were died and thousands were injured or missing.^[345]
• October 25, 2012 – Hurricane Sandy caused immense destruction in Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and the United States, leaving at least 233 dead.^[346] It became the largest Atlantic tropical storm ever.^[347]
• December 2, 2012 – Typhoon Bopha struck the Philippines, killing at least 650 people and leaving millions more homeless.^[348]
• February 7, 2013 – A massive blizzard hit the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada, killing 18 and dropping a near-record amount of snow.^[349]
• May 20, 2013 – A tornado killed 24 and wounded over 300 in Moore, Oklahoma.
• June 19, 2013 – Massive flooding occurred in Alberta, becoming the province's worst flooding in decades.^[350]
• October 15, 2013 – A 7.2 magnitude earthquake struck the Visayas region of the Philippines, killing over 200 people.^[351]

Typhoon Haiyan approaching the Philippines at peak intensity, November 7, 2013.

• November 7, 2013 – Typhoon Haiyan hits the Philippines, killing at least 6,000 people, with a thousand more still missing, making it the deadliest typhoon to ever hit the Philippines.^[352]
• December 6, 2014 – Typhoon Hagupit hit the Philippines killing at least 18 and causing $114 million in damage.^[353]
• February 24, 2015 – An avalanche killed 310 people and wounded over 129 in Panjshir Province, Afghanistan.^[354]
• March 13, 2015 – Cyclone Pam struck Vanuatu, killing a total of 16 people with around 166,000 people affected, more than half the population of the entire country.^[355] It is the worst tropical cyclone to ever strike the country.^[356]
• April 25, 2015 – A massive 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Nepal killed at least 8,857 people and injured tens of thousands more.^[357][358] It is the worst disaster to hit Nepal in decades.^[359]
• May 12, 2015 – A second major earthquake hit Nepal, measuring 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale, killing 218 more people.^[360]
• May 24, 2015 – A heatwave in Southern India resulted in over 2,500 deaths.^[361]
• June 20, 2015 – A related heatwave hit neighbouring Pakistan, killing over 2,000 people in Karachi alone.^[361]
• September 16, 2015 – An 8.3 magnitude earthquake jolted Chile, killing over 14 people.^[362]
• October 17–19, 2015 – Typhoon Koppu hit the Philippines and killed at least 48 and caused $235.8 million in damages.^[363]
• October 23, 2015 – Hurricane Patricia was the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere and second most intense globally, with winds of 215 miles per hour (346 km/h) and a pressure of 872 millibars (872 hPa).^[364]
• October 26, 2015 – A magnitude 7.5 earthquake strikes the Hindu Kush region and causes 398 deaths, with 279 in Pakistan, 115 in Afghanistan and 4 in India.^[365]
• December 13, 2015 – Typhoon Melor hits the Philippines, killing 42 and causing $136 billion in damages.^[366][367]
• February 20, 2016 – Cyclone Winston struck Fiji, killing 44 people and causing over $2.98 billion in damages, making it the costliest tropical cyclone in South Pacific history.^[368]
• April 16, 2016 – A 7.0 earthquake struck near Kumamoto City of Kumamoto Prefecture, resulting in at least 44 deaths and about 3,000 injured. More than 44,000 people have been evacuated from their homes.^[369]
• April 16, 2016 – A 7.8 earthquake struck near Muisne, Ecuador, killing over 673 people and displacing at least 25,000 more.^[370]
• May 1, 2016 – A wildfire began southwest of Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada. On May 3, it swept through the community, destroying more than 2,400 homes and buildings and forcing the largest wildfire evacuation in Alberta's history.^[371] The wildfire is the costliest disaster in Canadian history.^[372]
• August 12, 2016 - The 2016 Louisiana floods are a period of prolonged rainfall in southern parts of the U.S. state of Louisiana that resulted in catastrophic flooding that submerged thousands of houses and businesses. The flood has been called the worst US natural disaster since Hurricane Sandy in 2012. 13 deaths have been reported as a result of the flooding.
• August 16, 2016 - The Blue Cut Fire was a wildfire in the Cajon Pass, northeastern San Gabriel Mountains, and Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California. As of 20 August 2016 the fire has destroyed 105 homes and 213 other structures and continues to burn.^[373]
• August 24, 2016 - The August 2016 Central Italy earthquake was 6.2 magnitude earthquake that hit Central Italy close to Norcia, 75 km (47 mi) southeast of Perugia and 45 km (28 mi) north of L'Aquila, in an area near the tripoint of the Umbria, Lazio, and Marche regions. At least 298 people have been left dead.^[374]

Epidemics

• December 6, 2013 – An outbreak of the ebola virus, the worst of its kind in history, killed more than 11,300 people in West Africa.^[375] In August 2014, the World Health Organization declared it a public health emergency of international concern. On January 14, 2016, the WHO has declared the epidemic to be over, despite continuing small flare-ups.^[376]
• April 8, 2015 – A zika virus spreads rapidly throughout Latin America,^[377] with imported cases being reported worldwide.^[378][379]
• May 20, 2015 – South Korea faced an outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome, resulting in over thirty deaths and the quarantine of thousands more.^[380]

Economy

In the United States, a Gallup poll in 2011 found that more than half of Americans believed the country was still in a recession.^[381] Global oil production in 2014 reached an historic peak, reaching 93 million barrels/day.^[382]

A sovereign-debt crisis in Europe began in early 2010, and the Greek government admitted that it was having difficulties servicing its large sovereign debt. In the summer and fall of 2011 bond yields for Italy and Spain spiked above 6 percent.^[383] By 2015 bond rates had returned to normal ranges across Europe, save for Greece, which accepted another, even more stringent bailout package. The size of the European Financial Stability Facility was increased from €440 billion to €2 trillion.^[384]

China became the second largest global economy, surpassing Japan.^[385]

In August 2011, the S&P downgraded the United States' credit rating from triple AAA to AA-plus.^[386]

India became the fastest growing major economy of the world in 2015, surpassing China.^[387]

Japan also saw a rating downgrade due to debt burden.^[388]

Society and trends

Many countries reported declining fertility rates in their 2010 censuses.^[389] Young people now spent their entire lives in the context of online interactive technology.^[390]

Aging

The 2010s are the decade in which most baby boomers in developed nations are to retire, putting pressure on pension programs and other safety net programs. The consequences of an aging society were felt hardest in Europe, Russia and Japan, which were the first to experience substantial population decline.^{[391][392][393]} Over 20% of Japan's population is over the age of 65, making it the most elderly nation.^[394] As a result, Japan examined alternative solutions for elder care, including robots.^[395][396] In the United States, proposals for revising Medicare and Social Security proliferated, including raising the age of retirement or adjusting benefit amounts. Opponents instead wanted to increase benefit levels.^{[397][398][399][400][401]}

In 2010, France debated and raised the retirement age from 60 to 62, despite widespread demonstrations in opposition.^[402] A few years later the threshold was lowered back to 60.^[403]

Political polarization

Political polarization increased as conservatives and progressives clashed over the role of government and other social, economic and environmental issues. US polls showed a divided electorate regarding job creation, debt reduction and taxation.^{[404][405][406][407][408][409]} Street movements protesting the increasing numbers of refugees from Islamic nations have developed, such as the English Defence League and Pegida.^[410][411] There have also been increasing calls for egalitarianism including between the sexes.^[412]

LGBT rights

Acceptance of LGBT people slowly increased.^{[413][414][415]} In June 2011 the United Nations passed its first motion in support of LGBT rights.^[416][417] Although many nations allowed gays to serve in their militaries, a major milestone came in September 2011 when the US abolished its "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy.^[418][419] Marriage for same-sex couples was an ongoing debate in many nations, while over eighteen nations legalized same-sex marriage.^{[420][421][422][423][424]} Ireland, in 2015, became the first nation to legalize same-sex marriage via referendum.^[425]

In 2013, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a law that criminalized expression of homosexuality.^[426] Prior to its passage, St. Petersburg drafted its own ban on homosexual expression, and banned pride events as well.^[427]

Youth culture

In 2013, Baauer's "Harlem Shake" was the first Internet meme song to reach the #1 spot on the Billboard Top 100, reflecting a shift in popular culture as Internet memes became mainstream.^[428]

The youth of the 2010s were called the "best-behaved generation on record." In May 2014, the US Centers for Disease Control released a report stating that teenage pregnancies and their uses of drugs and alcohol reached record lows.^[429] A 2013 survey showed that the rate of teen smoking dropped to 15.7%, the rate of teenagers having underage sex dropped to 34% and the rate of teenagers participating in a physical fight dropped to 25%, much lower than their counterparts 22 years earlier.^[430] E-cigarette and smokeless tobacco use among teenagers rose.^[431]

Other social trends

New urbanism and urban revival influenced urban planning in the United States and other developed countries.^[432] However, growth of American suburbs still outpaces urban growth.^[433]

Environmentalism gained, though action on curbing fossil fuels has been limited.^[434]

In the world of work, forms of employment such as zero-hour contracts, agency work and self-employment using on-call schedulling is now the norm with the majority of the workforce on them in the United States and the United Kingdom as traditional employment, i.e. directly-employed, full-time permanent jobs, is becoming obselescent. These jobs are often low-paid, usually at or near the national minimum wage. This results in greater poverty and economic precarity that affects the majority of the population in both countries.

China was increasingly called a superpower in the early 2010s, including at the 2011 meeting between Hu Jintao and Barack Obama. China overtook the US as the world's largest trading nation, filing the most patents, expanding its military, landing its lunar rover Yutu on the moon, ending the nearly four-decade malaise of moon exploration and creating China's Oriental Movie Metropolis as a major film and cultural center. China was projected to have the world's largest economy by 2018 with an estimated GDP per capita equal to the US by the late 2050s.^[435]

In America, migration declined to its lowest level since tracking began in 1948.^[436]

AIDS, a pandemic responsible for killing over 30 million people since its discovery in the early 1980s, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, became a treatable condition, though only one case had been cured.^[437] With good treatment patients can generally expect normal lives and lifespans. However, as of 2011 only some 5 million of the 12 million afflicted have access to such treatment.^[437]

The state of California suffered through a water drought for the most part of the decade, affecting the way how Californians showered, use their drinking water, and even some of their electricity.

Science and technology

List of years in science (table)
... 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 ... 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 ... 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 ...
Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Philosophy Science +...

NASA announced that its Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured photographic evidence of possible liquid water on Mars on 5 August 2011.

The first collisions of CERN's Large Hadron Collider took place on 31 March 2010.

Science

Significant Scientific Researches

These are the 10 most significant scientific researchs by year based on the annual award Breakthrough of the Year made by the AAAS journal, Science.

• 2010: The first quantum machine^[438]
  • Synthetic biology
  • Neandertal genome
  • HIV prophylaxis
  • Exome Sequencing/Rare disease genes
  • Molecular dynamics simulations
  • Quantum simulator
  • Next-generation genomics
  • RNA reprogramming
  • The return of the rat
• 2011: HIV treatment as prevention (HPTN 052)^[439]
  • Hayabusa satellite
  • Ancient interbreeding
  • Photosystem II
  • Pristine gas
  • Microbiome
  • Malaria vaccine
  • Exoplanets
  • Designer Zeolites
  • Senescent cells
• 2012: Discovery of the Higgs boson^[440]
  • Denisovan genome
  • Genome engineering
  • Neutrino mixing angle
  • ENCODE research project
  • Curiosity landing
  • X-ray laser advances
  • Controlling bionics
  • Majorana fermions
  • Eggs from stem cells
• 2013: Cancer immunotherapy^[441]
  • Genetic microsurgery for the masses
  • CLARITY makes it perfectly clear
  • Human Cloning at last
  • Dishing up mini-organs
  • Cosmic particle accelerators identified
  • Newcomer juices up the race to harness sunlight
  • To sleep, perchance to clean
  • Your microbes, your health
  • In vaccine design, looks do matter
• 2014: Rosetta comet mission^[442]
  • The birth of birds
  • Using young blood to fight old age
  • Robots that cooperate
  • Chips that mimic the brain
  • The world's oldest cave art
  • Cells that might cure diabetes
  • Manipulating memories
  • Rise of the CubeSat
  • Giving life a bigger genetic alphabet
• 2015: CRISPR genome-editing method ^[443]
  • Homo naledi
  • Ebola vaccine
  • Psychology replication
  • Pluto (New Horizons spacecraft)
  • Paleo-indians DNA
  • Mantle plumes
  • Opiate pathway in yeast
  • Lymphatic system in the central nervous system
  • Bell's theorem experiment

Nobel Prize Winners of Decade

Year	Physics	Chemistry	Physiology or Medicine	Literature	Peace	Economics
2010	Geim, AndreAndre Geim; Novoselov, KonstantinKonstantin Novoselov[444]	Heck, Richard F.Richard F. Heck; Negishi, Ei-ichiEi-ichi Negishi; Suzuki, AkiraAkira Suzuki[445]	Edwards, Robert G.Robert G. Edwards[446]	Vargas Llosa, MarioMario Vargas Llosa[447]	Xiaobo, LiuLiu Xiaobo[448]^[F]	Diamond, Peter A.Peter A. Diamond; Mortensen, Dale T.Dale T. Mortensen; Pissarides, Christopher A.Christopher A. Pissarides[449]
2011	Perlmutter, SaulSaul Perlmutter; Riess, Adam G.Adam G. Riess; Schmidt, BrianBrian Schmidt[450]	Shechtman, DanDan Shechtman[451]	Beutler, BruceBruce Beutler; Hoffmann, Jules A.Jules A. Hoffmann; Steinman, Ralph M.Ralph M. Steinman[452]	Tranströmer, TomasTomas Tranströmer[453]	Sirleaf, Ellen JohnsonEllen Johnson Sirleaf; Gbowee, LeymahLeymah Gbowee; Karman, TawakelTawakel Karman[454]	Sargent, Thomas J.Thomas J. Sargent; Sims, Christopher A.Christopher A. Sims[455]
2012	Haroche, SergeSerge Haroche; J. Wineland, DavidDavid J. Wineland[456]	Kobilka, Brian K.Brian K. Kobilka; Lefkowitz, Robert J.Robert J. Lefkowitz[457]	Gurdon, John B.John B. Gurdon; Yamanaka, Shinya Shinya Yamanaka[458]	Yan, MoMo Yan[459]	Union, EuropeanEuropean Union[460]	Roth, Alvin E.Alvin E. Roth; Shapley, Lloyd S.Lloyd S. Shapley[461]
2013	Englert, FrançoisFrançois Englert; Higgs, Peter W.Peter W. Higgs[462]	Karplus, MartinMartin Karplus; Levitt, MichaelMichael Levitt; Warshel, AriehArieh Warshel[463]	Rothman, James E.James E. Rothman; Schekman, Randy W.Randy W. Schekman; Südhof, Thomas C.Thomas C. Südhof[464]	Munro, AliceAlice Munro[465]	for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, OrganisationOrganisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons[466]	Fama, Eugene F.Eugene F. Fama; Hansen, Lars PeterLars Peter Hansen; Shiller, Robert J.Robert J. Shiller[467]
2014	Akasaki, IsamuIsamu Akasaki; Amano, HiroshiHiroshi Amano; Nakamura, ShujiShuji Nakamura[468]	Betzig, EricEric Betzig; Hell, StefanStefan Hell; Moerner, WilliamWilliam Moerner[469]	O'Keefe, JohnJohn O'Keefe; Moser, May-BrittMay-Britt Moser; Moser, EdvardEdvard Moser[470]	Modiano, PatrickPatrick Modiano[471]	Satyarthi, KailashKailash Satyarthi; Yousafzai, MalalaMalala Yousafzai[472]	Tirole, JeanJean Tirole[473]
2015	Kajita, TakaakiTakaaki Kajita; McDonald, Arthur B.Arthur B. McDonald[474]	Lindahl, TomasTomas Lindahl; Modrich, Paul L.Paul L. Modrich; Sancar, AzizAziz Sancar[475]	Campbell, William C.William C. Campbell; Ōmura, SatoshiSatoshi Ōmura; Youyou, TuTu Youyou[476]	Alexievich, SvetlanaSvetlana Alexievich[477]	National Dialogue Quartet, TunisianTunisian National Dialogue Quartet[478]	Deaton, AngusAngus Deaton[479]
2016	Michael Kosterlitz, JohnJohn Michael Kosterlitz; J. Thouless, DavidDavid J. Thouless; Duncan M. Haldane, F.F. Duncan M. Haldane[480]	L. Feringa, BernardBernard L. Feringa; Fraser Stoddart, J.J. Fraser Stoddart; Sauvage, Jean-PierreJean-Pierre Sauvage[481]	Ohsumi, YoshinoriYoshinori Ohsumi[482]	Dylan, BobBob Dylan[483]	Manuel Santos, JuanJuan Manuel Santos[484]	Hart, OliverOliver Hart; Holmström, BengtBengt Holmström[485]

Technology

Technological Trends of the Decade

• 22nm and 14nm semiconductor device fabrication
• 3D printed firearms
• 3D printing
• 3D scanner
• 4DX motion-enhanced films
• 4G cellular communication
• 4K resolution
• 7th and 8th generation of video game consoles
• Academic databases search engines
• Action camera types like GoPro
• Affordable internet initiatives
• Ambient intelligence
• Autonomous robotic vacuum cleaners improvements
• Anonymous communication
• Autonomous car
• Battery electric vehicle (BEV)
• Big data
• Biometrics
• BitTorrent expansion
• Brain–computer interface (BCI) new devices
• C++14 revision
• Camera phone per megapixel improvements
• Cloud gaming providers
• Collaborative consumption
• Computer-generated imagery (CGI)
• Cryptanalysis improvements
• Cryptocurrency
• Curved screen
• CUDA v5.3 architecture graphics
• Cyber-physical system
• Cyberwarfare
• Datafication
• Deep web (non-indexed pages) and Dark web (hidden pages)
• Digital collaboration
• Digital marketing
• Digital modeling and fabrication
• Digital preservation
• Digital projectors
• Distributed computing new projects
• Distributed generation increase
• Document automation
• Downloadable content (DLC)
• D-Wave 2X quantum machine
• Dynamic packaging travel technology
• E-commerce expansion
• Educational programming languages
• Educational video websites
• Electric and Hybrid vehicles
• Energy harvesting improvements
• English Wikipedia - reaching over 5 million articles
• E-sports popularity
• E-cigar
• ePaper, eReaders and eBooks
• Fabrication laboratory (Fab Lab) culture
• Femtocell base station
• Financial software
• Flexible electronics
• General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU)
• Generation IV reactor R&D funding
• Geotagging
• Global Distribution System
• Global surveillance programs
• Goal-line technology
• GNSS software-defined receiver
• Health informatics
• High-frequency trading
• HP Prime - a graphing calculator
• Home automation
• Home electronic health
• Hoverboard introduction
• Hydrogen economy improvements
• Infrastructure (IaaS) and Platform (PaaS) as a service
• Industry 4.0
• Intelligent personal assistant expansion
• Internet activism
• Internet banking
• Internet of Things
• LED displays
• Lithium-ion capacitor
• Low-power electronics
• Major operating system upgrades including:

• Windows 10
• OS X El Capitan (Apple Mac's)

• Massive open online courses (MOOCs)
• Memristor electronic component
• Metadata usage
• Microconsole popularity
• Minecraft-like video games
• Multiplayer online battle arena games (MOBA games)
• Miniaturized satellite
• Mobile app
• Mobile operating system types
• Mobile payment
• Mobile robots
• Modular smartphones
• Molecular gastronomy
• Motion detection devices
• Musical Instrument Digital Interface capabilities
• Neuromorphic engineering projects
• Network intelligence
• Object recognition improvements
• Online crowdsourcing
• Online dating service
• Online encyclopedia
• Online new social media
• Online platforms for collaborative consumption
• Online pornography with ~30% of internet data ^[486]
• Online professional networking sites
• Online research community
• Open source ecology
• Open-source software
• Personal genomics reduction costs
• Personal robots improvements
• Personalized medicine
• Physical Internet
• Portable drinking water products
• Power-line communication standards
• Private spaceflight
• Public-key cryptography
• Reusable launch systems for space travel
• Robot-assisted surgery
• Robotic mapping software
• Route planning software
• Selfie stick
• Single-board microcontroller popularity
• Smart antenna
• Smart, connected products
• Smart glass windows
• Smart grid
• Smart TV
• Smarter Planet
• Soccer robot popularity
• Social networking service expansion
• Solar aircraft
• Solid-state drive reduction costs
• Speech recognition improvements
• Stereoscopic video game (S-3D video games) improvements
• Streaming media and platforms
• Tablet computers
• TED conferences
• Terabit Ethernet
• Tesla Powerwall battery
• Ultrabooks
• Universal Serial Bus 3.1
• User-generated content
• Unmanned aerial vehicles (aerial drones)
• Unicorn (finance) start-ups
• Video hosting service
• Virtual community growing
• Virtual engineering
• Virtual instrumentation
• Virtual reality
• Wearable computers, including:

• Smartglasses
• Smartwatch

• Robot construction kits and visual interfaces
• Software digital distribution
• Softmodem
• Space-based economy
• Supercomputer power of 33.86 petaFLOPS
• Super Wi-Fi
• Web analytics services
• Web recommender system
• Water management systems
• Web mining
• Wikis popularity
• Wireless sensor network
• Wind and Solar energy incentives
• Youtubers

Technological Marks by Field

Information and communications

• April 3, 2010 – Apple Inc. launched the iPad, its first tablet computer, which offers multi-touch interaction. The iPad became an immediate bestseller and only months after its release became the best selling tech gadget in history.^[487]
• 2010 – Sales for PCs decline in favor of tablet computers and laptop convertibles.^[488]
• February 3, 2011 – The supply of IPv4 internet addresses was exhausted. An early period of transition to IPv6 continued during 2011.^[489]
• March 29, 2011 – More than 2 billion people used the Internet.^[490]
• 2011 – One billion mobile broadband users predicted and 4.6 billion people worldwide were subscribed to mobile phones.^[491]
• 2011 – Americans spent more time using mobile apps than using the World Wide Web.^[492]
• Early 2012 – Samsung overtook Nokia for the first time as the largest mobile phone maker in the world.^[493]
• February 3, 2012 – Tablet and smartphone sales overtook netbooks.^[494]
• 2012 – Samsung overtook Nokia for the first time as the largest mobile phone maker in the world.
• May 21, 2012 – Google Chrome became the world's most used web browser, replacing Internet Explorer.^[495]
• October 30, 2012 – The Wikimedia Foundation started developing Wikidata, its first new project in six years.^[496]
• April 29, 2013 – In developed countries smartphones sales surpassed feature phones.^[497]
• 2013 – Streaming media and rental kiosk services such as Netflix and Redbox forced video rental chains such as Blockbusters to close.^[498]
• 2014 – Transparent display screens, 3D glass pyramid holograms and curved touchscreen displays entered the market.

Medicine and biotechnology

• 2011 – Life extension began to be considered.^[499]
• September 18, 2013 – Google created Calico in order to research ways to combat aging.^[500]
• December 23, 2015 – The Philippines became the first Asian country to approve the sale of the world's first dengue vaccine, the Dengvaxia.^[501]

Software and legal issues

• 2011 – Collaborative source code sharing website GitHub became the world's most popular open source hosting site.^[502]
• June 23, 2011 – Oracle sued Google over the use of Java-related technology in Google's popular Android operating system.^[503] Google won the lawsuit on May 26, 2016, citing fair use.^[504]
• January 20, 2012 – Following an unprecedented internet protest and blackout campaign, the widely criticized Stop Online Piracy Act bill was temporarily withdrawn in the US Congress.^[505]
• September 12, 2012 – The controversial Cybercrime Prevention Act in the Philippines was adopted.^[506]

Space

A near-true colour image of Pluto, taken by NASA's New Horizons probe on July 13, 2015.

• 2011 – NASA announced that its Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured photographic evidence of possible liquid water on Mars during warm seasons.
• August 21, 2011 – The United States' Space Shuttle program officially ended following its last mission, STS-135, flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis.^[507]
• May 25, 2012 – SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft became the first private commercial spacecraft to successfully attach to the International Space Station, the first commercial spacecraft to rendezvous with another spacecraft.^[508]
• August 2, 2012 – NASA landed the Curiosity rover in Gale crater on Mars.^[509]
• December 14, 2013 – The Chinese Chang'e 3 landed on the Moon, the first Lunar landing in 37 years.^[510]
• August 6, 2014 – The Philae probe from the Rosetta spacecraft landed successfully on the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.^[511]
• December 5, 2014 – The Orion spacecraft completed its first test flight, an unmanned orbital and reentry flight.^[512]
• March 6, 2015 – NASA's Dawn probe entered orbit around Ceres, becoming the first spacecraft to visit a dwarf planet.^[513][514]
• April 13, 2015 – NASA announced that liquid water had been found on Mars.^[515]
• July 14, 2015 – NASA's New Horizons probe became the first spacecraft to reach Pluto, completing its main mission.^[516]
• December 22, 2015 – SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket successfully landed after a launch, making it the first rocket to successfully return and perform a vertical landing.^[517]
• March 14, 2016 – The ESA and Roscomos launched the joint ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter on a mission to Mars.^[518]
• March 23, 2016 – Diwata-1 was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard the Cygnus spacecraft on a supply mission.^[519]
• July 4, 2016 – NASA's Juno spacecraft enters orbit around Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.^[520]
• July 26, 2016 – Solar Impulse 2 becomes the first solar-powered aircraft to circumnavigate the Earth.^[521]
• August 24, 2016 - Proxima Centauri b is discovered as closest exoplanet to Earth that may be habitable.^[522]

Transport

• June 29, 2011 – Google developed the world's first self-driving car to be licensed for use on public roads.^[523]
• May 31, 2013 – Billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk proposed the Hyperloop mass transit system.^[524] Multiple companies joined in the opportunity to develop the concept.^[525]
• September 18, 2015 – Automaker Volkswagen is alleged to have been involved in worldwide rigging of diesel emissions tests, affecting an estimated 11 million vehicles globally.^{[526][527][528]}

Notable events

• September 15, 2010 – Mexico celebrated the 200th year anniversary of its Independence and 100th anniversary of its Revolution.^[529]
• October 13, 2010 – Thirty-three miners near Copiapó, Chile, were trapped 700 metres (2,300 feet) underground in a mining accident in San José Mine, before being rescued after surviving for a record 69 days.^[530]
• April 29, 2011 – A television audience of an estimated two billion people^[531] watched the wedding of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Catherine Middleton.^[532]
• February 6, 2012 – Queen Elizabeth II celebrated her Diamond Jubilee, which marked the 60th anniversary of her accession.^[533]
• March 13, 2013 – Pope Francis became the first non-European Pope in over 500 years.^[534]
• April 27, 2014 – Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II were canonized.^[535]
• July 27, 2014 – Approximately 2 million members of the Iglesia ni Cristo joined the worship rites held at the Philippine Arena for its centennial celebration.^[536]
• January 18, 2015 – An estimated 6 to 7 million attended the Concluding Eucharistic Celebration in Manila on the Feast Day of Santo Niño de Cebú, ending the 5-day apostolic and state visit of Pope Francis in the Philippines, the largest papal crowd in history.^{[537][538][539]}
• February 29, 2016 – The remains of the late President Elpidio Quirino, the sixth president of the Philippines, are transferred from the Manila South Cemetery in Makati to the Heroes' Cemetery in Taguig to mark his 60th death anniversary.^[540]

Federal District buildings at the Zócalo in Mexico City decorated for the 2010 celebrations as seen from rooftop restaurant of Hotel Majestic. Luis Urzúa, the last of 33 miners to be rescued after being trapped underground, celebrates his freedom. Prince William and Catherine Middleton wave to crowds after being wed. Queen Elizabeth II arriving at St Paul's Cathedral for the service of thanksgiving on 5 June 2012 Pope Francis appears in public for the first time after being elected pope. Canonization of Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II An Iglesia ni Cristo event being held at an arena in Bulacan, Philippines An aerial view of the public Mass held when Pope Fancis visited the Philippines. The former tomb of Elpidio Quirino at the Manila South Cemetery.

Popular culture

Architecture

The Burj Khalifa became the world's tallest building when completed in 2010.

One World Trade Center became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere upon completion in 2014.

Postmodernism and green design^[541][542] were common architectural themes. "Sustainable design" emphasized natural lighting, green/white roofs, better insulation and other cost-saving features.^[543] China and the Middle East led in large-scale development.^{[544][545][546][547]}

In 2010, the United Arab Emirates' Burj Khalifa became the tallest man-made structure ever built, standing at 828 m (2,717 ft).^[548]

The United States' One World Trade Center, completed in 2014, is the tallest building in North America at 1,776 ft (541 m).^[549]

Art

In 2015 Excessivism emerged. Trends that began since earlier decades are continuing into this decade are: Pop art, Altermodern, Cynical realism, The Kitsch Movement, Post-contemporary, Metamodernism, Pseudorealism, Remodernism, Renewable energy sculpture, Street art, Stuckism, Superflat, Superstroke, Urban art, Videogame art and Virtual art.

Fashion

The 2010s have been defined by a revival of interwar, austerity era, 1980s (2010–13), early 1990s and skater fashions.^[550] In the early 2010s, many late 2000s fashion trends remained popular, especially the indie pop and grunge look which largely draws upon 1960s Mod clothing combined with elements of 1970s garage rock and contemporary alternative fashion.

Latin American teens and young adults, who began keeping up with general Western fashion more closely in the mid-1990s, proved to be more conservative

Hipster subculture and the "Thrift Shop" look had a considerable impact upon mainstream fashion. Full-printed T-shirts with diverse patterns (cosmic, clouds, historic architecture, and tribal) trended.

In many Western countries, the growing of a full beard became a popular trend among young males in the early-to-mid 2010s, with some suggesting this was due to the influence of the hipster subculture and the Movember campaign.^[551][552] Other facial hair styles such as moustaches and goatees were popular during the most part of the decade. The "undercut", a variation of a crew cut, was made a trend by rapper Macklemore in 2013. This style has been embraced by the hip-hop, hipster and punk subcultures.

Film

Movies and television struggled to maintain their position, as online viewing grew rapidly.^[553] Piracy was a major concern for the industry.^{[554][555][556]} In 2012 Viacom launched a US$1 billion lawsuit against YouTube for copyright infringement.^[557] In early 2012, the United States Congress began debating the SOPA and PIPA bills that were heavily lobbied by the entertainment industry.^[558]

3D films gained popularity, led by Avatar in late-2009.^{[559][560][561]} In 2010, Avatar became the first film to gross more than US$2 billion.^[562] Other 3D releases were also successful.^[563][564] The video game and television industries also released 3D content.

Animated films in the 2010s remained predominately computer-generated. Older styles lost favor,^[565][566] although (2D) Anime remained popular.^[567] Traditionally animated television shows for children remained popular.^[568] In 2010, Toy Story 3 became the first animated film to gross more than US$1 billion worldwide.^[569]

In 2010, Kathryn Bigelow became the first woman to receive the Academy Award for Best Director for the 2009 movie The Hurt Locker.^[570]

Superhero and science fiction films became box office leaders.^[571] In 2016, Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015) became the third highest-grossing film of all time.^[572][573]

Academy Award for Best Picture winners

• The King's Speech (2010)^[574]
• The Artist (2011)^[575]
• Argo (2012)^[576]
• 12 Years a Slave (2013)^[577]
• Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) (2014)^[578]
• Spotlight (2015)^[579]

Palme d'Or winners at the Cannes Film Festival

• Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives (2010)^[580]
• The Tree of Life (2011)^[581]
• Amour (2012)^[582]
• Blue Is the Warmest Colour (2013)^[583]
• Winter Sleep (2014)^[584]
• Dheepan (2015)^[585]
• I, Daniel Blake (2016)^[586]

César Award for Best Film winners

• Of Gods and Men (2010)^[587]
• The Artist (2011)^[588]
• Amour (2012)^[589]
• Me, Myself and Mum (2013)^[590]
• Timbuktu (2014)^[591]
• Fatima (2015)^[592]

Best films of the Sight & Sound annual poll

• The Social Network (2010)^[593]
• The Tree of Life (2011)^[594]
• The Master (2012)^[595]
• The Act of Killing (2013)^[596]
• Boyhood (2014)^[597]
• The Assassin (2015)^[598]

Music

EDM, synthpop, indie, and trap see mainstream success throughout the early to mid 2010s. R&B and hip-hop rose to prominence again in 2013 and has remained the most popular form of music since.^[599][600] Digital music sales in 2012 topped CD sales.^[601]

The use of Auto-Tune and talk box declined in the decade. Dance and pop music surged into the 2010s,^{[602][603][604]} with EDM achieving mass commercial success.^[605] In the early 2010s, dubstep and drumstep, originating in the United Kingdom, rose in popularity globally.^{[606][607][608]} Drumstep is continuing to grow in popularity along with drum and bass. It mirrors the electronic-leaning musical trends elsewhere, while hardstyle is becoming increasingly popular in Australia and North America, with music festivals such as Defqon 1, IQON and The sound of Q-dance.^{[609][610][611][612]}

Streaming services such as Pandora Radio and Spotify became the preferred music delivery systems.^[613]

Record of the Year Grammy Winners

• "Use Somebody" – Kings of Leon (2010)^[614]
• "Need You Now" – Lady Antebellum (2011)^[615]
• "Rolling in the Deep" – Adele (2012)^[616]
• "Somebody That I Used to Know" – Gotye featuring Kimbra (2013)^[617]
• "Get Lucky" – Daft Punk featuring Pharrell Williams (2014)^[618]
• "Stay with Me" – Sam Smith (2015)^[619]
• "Uptown Funk" - Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars (2016)^[620]

Sports

• Usain Bolt became the most successful sprinter in Olympic history, holding world records in the 100 metres, 200 metres and 4 × 100 metres relay.^[621]
• Michael Phelps became the most decorated Olympian ever after winning his 22nd medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics.^[622]
• The Chicago Cubs won the World Series in 2016, erasing a 108-year championship drought, defeating the Cleveland Indians in Game 7 of the World Series on November 3, 2016.
• In 2012, London became the first and only city to host the Olympic Games three times.^[623]
• IRB Sevens World Series expand from 8 to 10 legs, and rugby seven is part of the Olympic program in 2016.
• The San Francisco Giants won three World Series titles in the first half of the decade.^[624]
• The Spain national football team became the first International football team to win three consecutive major tournaments in 2012.^[625]
• Jason Collins became the first active male professional athlete in a major American professional team sport to publicly come out as gay.^[626]
• Early in the decade, LeBron James led the NBA, playing with the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Miami Heat.
• Manchester City became the fifth team to win the Premier League, doing so in 2012 and 2014, the former being their first league title since 1968.
• Atlético Madrid won the 2014 La Liga, becoming the first team besides FC Barcelona and Real Madrid to win La Liga since 2004.
• Individual transfer fees in association football exceeding £50m became more common, with Real Madrid, FC Barcelona, Paris Saint-Germain, Chelsea, Manchester Utd, AS Monaco and Manchester City all making at least one signing worth £50m or more. Real Madrid set the record for highest fee with their £85.6m signing of Gareth Bale in September 2013.
• The Chicago Blackhawks and the Los Angeles Kings collectively led the NHL in Stanley Cup wins, claiming the trophy 4 out of 5 times in the first half of the decade.
• On January 1, 2015, Donnie Nietes of the Philippines, has now recognized as the longest reigning Filipino world boxing champion.
• On May 27, 2015, Football's world governing body FIFA was accused of bribery totaling hundreds of millions of dollars. Fourteen individuals were indicted.^[627]
• In June 2015, Chile national football team won their first Copa América.
• In May 2016, Real Madrid, having won their 10th UEFA Champions League title in May 2014, won their 11th championship since 1956, again beating rivals Atletico in a repeat of the 2014 final.^[628]
• In May 2016, Leicester City became the sixth team to win the Premier League, becoming English league champions for the first time in their 132-year history. Having narrowly survived the threat of relegation in their first year back in the top flight after a 10-year absence the season before, they were massive outsiders at 5000-1.
• On June 19, 2016, The Cleveland Cavaliers won their 1st championship in the 2016 NBA Finals. The Cavs were the first in the NBA history to make a historic comeback in pursuit of title coming down from a 1-3 series deficit.

Television

Cable providers saw a decline in subscriber numbers as cord cutters switched to lower cost online streaming services such as Hulu, Netflix and Amazon.com's Prime service.^[629][630] These non-cable, internet-based media streaming services even began producing their own programming.^[631]

TV sets, such as the Samsung SmartTV, started offering online streaming via television.

The American soap opera format lost popularity in favor of reality television and daytime talk shows.^[632][633] Long-lived but canceled shows All My Children and One Life to Live return in 2013 as online content.^[634] Prime-time television serials and Spanish-language telenovelas remain popular globally.^[635] A new development in global television is the great popularity of Turkish drama series in parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America.^[636][637]

Primetime Emmy Award for Best Drama

• Mad Men (2010)^[638]
• Mad Men (2011)^[639]
• Homeland (2012)^[640]
• Breaking Bad (2013)^[641]
• Breaking Bad (2014)^[642]
• Game of Thrones (2015)^[643]
• Game of Thrones (2016)

Theatre

In 2013 for the first time, the four nominees for the Best Musical Tony Award were all based on movies.

Tony Award for Best Musical

• Memphis (2010)^[644]
• The Book of Mormon (2011)^[645]
• Once (2012)^[646]
• Kinky Boots (2013)^[647]
• A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder (2014)^[648]
• Fun Home (2015)^[649]
• Hamilton (2016)^[650]

Video gaming

PlayStation 4 was released in the November 2013 and so far it has been the best-selling gaming console of the decade. (40 million units sold worldwide as of May 2016)^[651]

The Nintendo 3DS is the first gaming device released to feature 3D gaming without the need for stereoscopic glasses.

Cloud gaming, stereoscopic 3D gaming, and ongoing improvements in graphics were some of the biggest trends. Video game sales declined in the early-2010s, most likely due to the effects of the Great Recession.^[652] Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, released in late-2011, made over US$775 million in one-week, matching the highest-grossing films.^[653] According to the Entertainment Software Association, the average age of a person who plays video games is 30.^[654]

The decade began dominated primarily by seventh generation consoles, such as Xbox 360, the PlayStation 3 and Wii.^[655] Games such as the Sims franchise and many of Blizzard's popular titles remained popular on PCs and expanded to other devices.^[656][657] The OnLive console was released in 2010 becoming the first massively produced cloud gaming-based gaming device.^[658] 2012 introduced the first console regarded to be in the eighth generation, the Wii U, followed in late 2013, Xbox One and PlayStation 4. They faced stiff competition from tablet and smartphones.^[659][660]

The Nintendo 3DS, released in early 2011 introduced a glasses-free interface for 3D.^[661] The 2D PlayStation Vita was released in 2012. The Wii introduced the sensor bar with compatible sensitive controllers, followed by the PlayStation Move and Kinect. This expanded the video game market to the elderly and those interested in physical therapy.^{[662][663][664][665]}

Game of the Year

As the Spike Video Game Awards

• Red Dead Redemption (2010)^[666]
• The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim (2011)^[667]
• The Walking Dead (2012)^[668]
• Grand Theft Auto V (2013)^[669]

As The Game Awards

• Dragon Age: Inquisition (2014)^[670]
• The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt (2015)^[671]

See also

Timeline

The following articles contain brief timelines of each year:

• 2010
• 2011
• 2012
• 2013
• 2014
• 2015
• 2016
• 2017
• 2018
• 2019

References

1. Higgins, David (26 October 2009). "It's the end of the Noughties, we feel fine". news.com.au. Archived from the original on 2010-11-19. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
2. Burnett, Thane (28 December 2009). "Twenty-ten, Two-oh-ten, Two thousand and ten: What is the proper way to reference 2010?". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 11 January 2011.
3. "'Twenty Tens' to become nickname for next decade, survey says". The Daily Telegraph. London. 17 December 2009. Retrieved 21 June 2010.
4. Jones, Sam (1 January 2010). "A new decade: what's in a name?". The Guardian. United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 6 January 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
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