Alveolar lateral ejective affricate

Alveolar lateral ejective affricate
t͡ɬʼ
t͜ɬʼ
IPA number	103 (148) 401
Also	ƛ’
Encoding
Entity (decimal)	t​͡​ɬ​ʼ
Unicode (hex)	U+0074 U+0361 U+026C U+02BC
Sound
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The alveolar lateral ejective affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨t͡ɬʼ⟩ (or ⟨tɬʼ⟩), and in Americanist phonetic notation it is ⟨ƛ’⟩ (lambda bar).

Features

Features of the alveolar lateral ejective affricate:

• Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.

• Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal.

• Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.

• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.

• It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.

• The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Avar		кьалаб	[t͡ɬʼalab]	'hostile'
Haida		sttluujagadang	[st͡ɬʼuːt͡ʃakataŋ]	'Sapsucker'
Kabardian	Baslaney	лӏы	[t͡ɬʼə]	'man'	Corresponds to [ɬʼ] in other dialects.
Lillooet		st'át'imcets	[ˈst͡ɬʼæt͡ɬʼemxət͡ʃ]	'Lilooet language'
Navajo		tłʼóoʼdi	[t͡ɬʼóːʔtɪ̀]	'(at) the outside'
Sahaptin		mɨƛ’ɨƛ’k	[mɨˈt͡ɬʼɨt͡ɬʼk]	'mud'
Tlingit		tlʼeex	[t͡ɬʼix]	'garbage'
Tsez		кьиш	[t͡ɬʼɪʃ]	'splinter'

Proto-Semitic *ṣ́ is believed to have been an alveolar lateral ejective affricate.

See also

• List of phonetic topics