Chickasha, Oklahoma

Chickasha, Oklahoma
City

Location of Chickasha, Oklahoma
Chickasha, Oklahoma

Location in the United States

Coordinates: 35°2′18″N 97°56′46″W / 35.03833°N 97.94611°W / 35.03833; -97.94611Coordinates: 35°2′18″N 97°56′46″W / 35.03833°N 97.94611°W / 35.03833; -97.94611
Country United States
State Oklahoma
County Grady
Area
 • Total 18.1 sq mi (46.9 km2)
 • Land 18.1 sq mi (46.8 km2)
 • Water 0.0 sq mi (0.1 km2)
Elevation 1,093 ft (333 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 16,036
 • Density 885.9/sq mi (342.6/km2)
Time zone Central (CST) (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
Area code(s) 405
FIPS code 40-13950[1]
GNIS feature ID 1091277[2]
Website chickasha.org

Chickasha /ˈtʃɪkəʃeɪ/ is a city in and the county seat of Grady County, Oklahoma, United States.[3] The population was 16,036 at the 2010 census. Chickasha is home to the University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma. The city is named for, and strongly connected to Native American heritage as Chickasha (Chikashsha) is the Choctaw word for Chickasaw.

History

Chickasha was founded by Hobart Johnstone Whitley, a land developer, banker, farmer and Rock Island Railroad executive.[4] The founding took place in 1892 when the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway (Rock Island) built a track through Indian Territory. A post office was established in June 1892. One of the earliest industrial plants to come to Chickasha was the Chickasha Cotton Oil Company, which was established in 1899.[5] The town incorporated in 1902.[6]

A light cement building with a red tile roof and a brick street running in front of the building
The Rock Island Depot in Chickasha

In 1908, the Oklahoma Industrial Institute and College for Girls was established in Chickasha. A local rancher named J. B. Sparks donated land for the school in memory of his daughter, Nellie. The girl was a Chickasaw descendent, and the land had been part of her allotment. The Nellie Sparks Dormitory commemorated her. The school was renamed as the Oklahoma College for Women in 1916. It became coeducational in 1965, and was renamed the Oklahoma College of Liberal Arts. It was renamed again in 1975 as the University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma.[6]

The Wilson and Bonfis Flying School opened in October 1941 to train cadets of the U.S. Army Air Force. Over eight thousand cadets completed training there during World War II. After the war, the facility became the Chickasha Municipal Airport.[6]

Also during the war, the army built and used Borden General Hospital. This site now contains Grady Memorial Hospital, Five Oaks Medical Group, Southern Plains Medical Center and Borden Park.[6]

A prisoner of war camp established in 1944 is now the site of the Grady County Fairgrounds.[6]

A panoramic view showing wooden houses and businesses, many along two main dirt roads that meet at a corner.
A panorama image of Chickasha in 1909

Geography

Chickasha is located at 35°2′18″N 97°56′46″W / 35.03833°N 97.94611°W / 35.03833; -97.94611 (35.038431, -97.946021).[7] The city is 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Oklahoma City.[6] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.1 square miles (47 km2), of which 18.1 square miles (47 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) (0.28%) is water.

Climate

Climate data for Chickasha, Oklahoma
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 87
(31)		 92
(33)		 98
(37)		 98
(37)		 102
(39)		 110
(43)		 116
(47)		 116
(47)		 109
(43)		 101
(38)		 89
(32)		 84
(29)		 116
(47)
Average high °F (°C) 51
(11)		 56
(13)		 65
(18)		 74
(23)		 80
(27)		 90
(32)		 95
(35)		 96
(36)		 88
(31)		 77
(25)		 63
(17)		 52
(11)		 73.9
(23.3)
Average low °F (°C) 28
(−2)		 31
(−1)		 39
(4)		 49
(9)		 58
(14)		 67
(19)		 71
(22)		 70
(21)		 62
(17)		 50
(10)		 38
(3)		 30
(−1)		 49.4
(9.6)
Record low °F (°C) −11
(−24)		 −10
(−23)		 −8
(−22)		 21
(−6)		 27
(−3)		 45
(7)		 52
(11)		 43
(6)		 34
(1)		 13
(−11)		 8
(−13)		 — −11
(−24)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.2
(30)		 1.2
(30)		 2.0
(51)		 3.4
(86)		 5.4
(137)		 3.9
(99)		 2.4
(61)		 2.4
(61)		 3.2
(81)		 3.1
(79)		 1.6
(41)		 1.4
(36)		 31.2
(792)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 1.6
(4.1)		 1.2
(3)		 0.8
(2)		 0.1
(0.3)		 1
(3)		 — — — — — — — 4.7
(11.9)
Average rainy days 3.2 3.2 4.8 6.4 7.3 6.6 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.2 3.2 3.6 58.3
Average relative humidity (%) 70 69 62 62 71 69 67 64 63 65 63 67 66
Source #1: weather.com
Source #2: Weatherbase.com[8]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
19003,209—
191010,320221.6%
192010,179−1.4%
193014,09938.5%
194014,1110.1%
195015,84212.3%
196014,886−6.0%
197014,194−4.6%
198015,82811.5%
199014,988−5.3%
200015,8505.8%
201016,0361.2%
Est. 201516,488[9]2.8%
Sources:[1][10][11][12]

As of the 2010 Census, there were 16,036 people, 6,374 households, and 3,898 families residing in the city.[13][14] From 2000 to 2010, the Chickasha city population growth percentage was 1.2% (or from 15,850 people to 16,036 people). There were 7,380 housing units.[15] The racial makeup of the city was 80.0% White, 7.1% African American, 4.8% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.1% from other races, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.5% of the population.[16]

Of the 6,434 households, 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.8% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.95.[13]

The population included 22.8% under the age of 18, 12.4% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.[17]

According to the 2009-2013 American Community Survey (ACS), the median income for a household in the city was $38,341, and the median income for a family was $44,547. Males had a median income of $38,987 versus $27,357 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,848. About 12.9% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.0% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.[18]

Government

Chickasha has an elected mayor and city council, with a city manager on its staff.[6]

Economy

Agriculture, particularly wheat production, and cattle raising have been important to the city's economy since its earliest days. Manufacturing became important about the middle of the 20th Century. ArvinMeritor Replacement Parts and Delta Faucet opened facilities in the 1970s.[6]

Arts and culture

Taken at Shannon Springs Park during the Annual Festival of Light.

The city's annual Festival of Light takes place at the 43-acre (170,000 m2) Shannon Springs park and opens nightly from around Thanksgiving to the end of December. Concessions, carriage rides, pictures with Santa, and shopping are available. The Festival of Light has received many prestigious awards over the years including Regional Event of the Year, A.B.A. Top 100 Event, National Top 25 Holiday Event, Festival of the Year, Best Community Festival Event and Best Place to Take Out of Town Visitors. The festival has been featured statewide on Discover Oklahoma and ranked as a Top Place to Visit by Fine Living Network (2004) and has also been designated as an official 2007 Oklahoma Centennial Event. Over 140 businesses and clubs sponsor the event in various ways. The installation of lights in 290 trees, eight miles (13 km) of walk-ways, bridges, arbors, gazebos and buildings begins in September; however, it takes through March to get the lights taken down and stored away. More than 1,200 volunteers donate time and skill, and now Display Sponsors have reached the 100 mark. The park has over 3.5 million lights and the crystal pedestrian bridge boasts over 75,000 lights alone. It draws together over a thousand local volunteers and more than 250,000 visitors from across the United States.[19]

A statue of a woman in Native American costume in front of a yellow brick three-story building.
Te Ata statue in front of Trout Hall on the USAO campus

The University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma hosts an annual festival, The Spring Triad, which is made up of the Montmartre Chalk Art Festival, the Droverstock music festival, and the Scholastic Meet.[20][21] The event is held annually on the first Thursday of April.[22] The art festival is held around the USAO Oval, where over 700 artists compete in a chalk art contest.[23][24] Droverstock features over 12 hours of live music from various bands of all styles and genres.[25] There are also many vendors, inflatables, and activities associated with the festival.[25] The Scholastic Meet attracts around 1000 students annually from over 50 Oklahoma counties who compete in academic disciplines such as math, science, music, history, and other subjects.[26][27] The competition is the largest academic meet in the state. Overall, the day-long event attracts thousands into the community.[22]

The Muscle Car Ranch located on the south edge of Chickasha hosts an annual swap meet and concert, which is held in August. The Ranch, located on 70 acres (280,000 m2) of a 1900s dairy farm, features hundreds of nostalgic advertisements and memorabilia representing the last 75 years of American history.[28] The concert has featured rock and roll groups such as The Byrds, The Grass Roots, Paul Revere & the Raiders, Jefferson Airplane, The Lovin' Spoonful, Firefall, John Conlee, Dr. Hook and Bad Company.[29][30]

From a small local swapmeet, the Chickasha Pre-war Swap Meet has evolved to be one of the significant swapmeets for owners and collectors of cars from before 1942 (WW II). According to numerous posts in the forum of Model T Club of America, Chickasha Pre War Swap Meet is considered the best Ford Model T swapmeet in the US.[31]

Education

Chickasha Public School District includes Chickasha High School, Chickasha Middle School, Lincoln Elementary, Grand Elementary, and the Bill Wallace Early Childhood Center.[32]

Chickasha is also the current location of a historic schoolhouse that served black children in Grady County. Verden Separate School was built by African American Allen Toles on his own property in the nearby town of Verden in 1910.[33] The school operated until 1935.[34] The school building was rediscovered by historians in 2004 and restored and relocated to Chickasha.[34] It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.[34]

A one-room schoolhouse with white-painted wooden siding
Verden Separate School in Chickasha, Oklahoma

A branch of Canadian Valley Technology Center provides vocational and community education in Chickasha.[35]

The University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, Oklahoma's public liberal arts college, is located in Chickasha. It was founded in 1908 by the Oklahoma State Legislature as Oklahoma Industrial Institute and College for Girls.[36] The school's name was officially changed to Oklahoma College for Women in 1916.[37] In 1965, the school became coeducational, and its name was changed to Oklahoma College of Liberal Arts.[38] The school is currently known as the University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma.

Notable people

References

  1. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  2. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  3. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2015-05-10. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  4. ↑ "Hollywoodland H. J. Whitley."
  5. ↑ Munn, 7
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Jefferies, Angie. Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. "Chickasha.""Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-11-20. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
  7. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  8. ↑ "Historical Weather for Chickasha, Oklahoma, United States".
  9. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  10. ↑ "Number of Inhabitants: Oklahoma" (PDF). 18th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  11. ↑ "Oklahoma: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  12. ↑ "PEPANNRES: Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013," United States Census Bureau, 2013. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  13. 1 2 "DP-1: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010," United States Census Bureau, 2010. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  14. ↑ "QT-P11: Households and Families: 2010," United States Census Bureau, 2010. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  15. ↑ "QT-H1: General Housing Characteristics: 2010," United States Census Bureau, 2010. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  16. ↑ "QT-P3: Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010,"United States Census Bureau, 2010. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  17. ↑ "QT-PI: Age Groups and Sex: 2010," United States Census Bureau, 2010. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  18. ↑ "DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics: 2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates," U.S. Census Bureau, 2013. Accessed January 31, 2015.
  19. ↑ "Festival of Light History," Chickasha Festival of Light, Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  20. ↑ Snyder, Rachel. " Annual Drover concert begins today," The Express-Star, April 3, 2014. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  21. ↑ la terra studio. "Chickasha, Grady County, Oklahoma: Park System Master Plan," Chickasha Parks and Recreation Department, July 24, 2013, p. 13. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  22. 1 2 "Spring Triad Events Draw Thousands to USAO Campus", University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, April 9, 2014. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  23. ↑ Coppernoll, Carrie. "USAO sidewalk chalk festival draws out creativity in Chickasha," NewsOK, April 13, 2011. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  24. ↑ Vollmar, Rob. "Chalk art festival sends out call to Oklahoma artists," The Express-Star, January 26, 2015. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  25. 1 2 "Droverstock 2015," University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, Accessed January 28, 2015.
  26. ↑ Snyder, Rachel. "Southmoore takes first at USAO scholastic meet," The Express-Star, April 6, 2014. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  27. ↑ "Scholastic Meet 2015," University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, Accessed January 28, 2015.
  28. ↑ Krebs, Michelle. "Auto Museums in the Deep South ," The New York Times, February 20, 2008. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  29. ↑ Austerman, Lisa. "Muscle Car Ranch's Auto, Motorcycle Swap Meet Is Family Event," NewsOK, August 13, 1995. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  30. ↑ "Okie Noodling Championship Saturday at Muscle Car Ranch," The Express-Star, July 9, 2011. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  31. ↑ Pre-War Swap Meet Pre-War Swap Meet Archived February 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine., Accessed January 21, 2015.
  32. ↑ "Schools," Archived January 25, 2015, at the Wayback Machine. Chickasha Public Schools, Accessed January 28, 2015.
  33. ↑ Lane, Jessica. "Verden Separate School featured as best in country," The Express-Star, June 25, 2014. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  34. 1 2 3 "Historic one-room Chickasha schoolhouse for blacks to celebrate centennial," NewsOK, June 19, 2010. Accessed January 28, 2015.
  35. ↑ "Chickasha Campus," Canadian Valley Technology Center, Accessed January 28, 2015.
  36. ↑ "Early Years," University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, Retrieved January 19, 2015.
  37. ↑ Savage, Cynthia. "University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma" Archived March 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine., Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture.
  38. ↑ "OCLA," Archived January 20, 2015, at the Wayback Machine. University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma, Retrieved January 19, 2015
  39. ↑ "Behind the Barbed Wire: Memoir of a World War II US Marine," MacFarland Publishing Company (1994) and "When Papa was a Boy: During the 1920's and 1930's," Rose Dog Book, (2009)

Sources

  • Munn, Irving (1992). Chickasha: Another Journey Back in Time. Chickasha, OK: USAO Foundation. 
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