List of Stewards of the Manor of Northstead
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The position of Steward of the Manor of Northstead is a procedural device to allow Members of Parliament to resign from the British House of Commons. Members of the House of Commons are technically forbidden from resigning. To circumvent this prohibition, a legal fiction is used. An appointment to an "office of profit under The Crown" disqualifies an individual from sitting as a Member of Parliament (MP). As such, several such positions are maintained to allow MPs to resign.[1] Currently, the positions of Steward of the Manor of Northstead and Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds are used; historically several other offices have also been used.[1] The position was reworked in 1861 by William Ewart Gladstone, who was worried about the honour conferred by appointment to people such as Edwin James, who had fled to the United States over £10,000 in debt. As such, the letter was rewritten to omit any references to honour.
Most references say the position was first used in this way on 20 March 1844 to allow Sir George Henry Rose, Member for Christchurch, to resign his seat in Parliament, but the official book containing appointments to the Stewardship (lodged in The National Archives under catalogue reference E 197/1)[2] indicates that Patrick Chalmers, Member for Montrose Burghs, was appointed to this office on 6 April 1842 so that he could resign due to ill health. The writ ordering the election of a replacement MP was changed so that it appeared Chalmers had been appointed to the Chiltern Hundreds.
Appointees to the offices of Steward of the Manor of Northstead and Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds are alternated so that two MPs can resign at once (as happened on 22 October 2012). However every new appointment to the Stewardship revokes the previous appointment so there is no difficulty in situations in which more than two resign, such as the 1985 walkout of Ulster Unionist MPs when several separate appointments were made on a single day.[1]
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1842 to 1899
Date | Member | Constituency | Party | Reason for resignation |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 April 1842 | Chalmers, PatrickPatrick Chalmers | Montrose Burghs | Lib | Ill-health[3] |
20 March 1844 | Rose, George HenryGeorge Henry Rose | Christchurch | Con | |
21 January 1846 | Murphy, Francis Francis Murphy | Cork City | Lib | |
5 February 1846 | Henniker, The LordThe Lord Henniker | Suffolk East | Con | In anticipation of being raised to the peerage as Baron Hartismere[4] |
22 November 1852 | Tennent, James EmersonJames Emerson Tennent | Lisburn | Con | Appointed secretary to the Board of Trade[5] |
27 December 1852 | Howard, Hon. EdwardHon. Edward Howard | Morpeth | Lib | |
15 August 1853 | Herries, John CharlesJohn Charles Herries | Stamford | Con | Ill-health[6] |
27 January 1854 | Inglis, Bt, Sir RobertSir Robert Inglis, Bt | Oxford University | Con | Ill-health[7] |
13 February 1854 | Powell, WilliamWilliam Powell | Cardiganshire | Con | |
5 May 1854 | Tufnell, HenryHenry Tufnell | Devonport | Lib | Ill-health[8] |
July 1854 | Lawley, Hon. Francis CharlesHon. Francis Charles Lawley | Beverley | Lib | Found to have been using his position as secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer for insider trading[9] |
26 March 1855 | Price, William PhilipWilliam Philip Price | Gloucester | Lib | Resigned to accept a contract for supplying huts to the army in the Crimea[10] |
25 May 1855 | Phinn, ThomasThomas Phinn | Bath | Whig | Appointed Second Secretary to the Admiralty[11] |
22 January 1856 | Blackett, JohnJohn Blackett | Newcastle-upon-Tyne | Lib | Ill-health[12] |
23 January 1856 | Dalrymple, ViscountViscount Dalrymple | Wigtownshire | Lib | |
23 May 1856 | Waterpark, The LordThe Lord Waterpark | Lichfield | Lib | |
5 January 1857 | Price, Bt, Sir RobertSir Robert Price, Bt | Hereford | Whig | |
23 February 1857 | MacGregor, JohnJohn MacGregor | Glasgow | Lib | |
27 July 1857 | Egerton, WilliamWilliam Egerton | North Cheshire | Con | |
26 August 1857 | Byng, Hon. GeorgeHon. George Byng | Tavistock | Lib | To allow him to stand for the vacant Middlesex parliamentary seat.[13] |
1 December 1857 | Dering, Bt, Sir EdwardSir Edward Dering, Bt | Kent East | Lib | Ill health.[14] |
December 1857 | Cavendish, Hon. Charles ComptonHon. Charles Compton Cavendish | Buckinghamshire | Lib | In anticipation of being raised to the peerage as Baron Chesham. |
2 February 1859 | Hamilton, George AlexanderGeorge Alexander Hamilton | Dublin University | Con | Appointed Assistant Secretary to the Treasury[15] |
8 February 1859 | Townsend, JohnJohn Townsend | Greenwich | Lib | Bankruptcy.[16] |
16 February 1859 | Ebrington, ViscountViscount Ebrington | Marylebone | Lib | Called to the House of Lords via a writ of acceleration[17] |
25 February 1859 | Warren, SamuelSamuel Warren | Midhurst | Con | Appointed a Master in Lunacy[18] |
6 August 1859 | Michell, WilliamWilliam Michell | Bodmin | Whig | |
12 August 1859 | Grey, Ralph Ralph Grey | Liskeard | Whig | |
25 July 1860 | Wynne, JohnJohn Wynne | Sligo | Con | |
10 April 1861 | James, EdwinEdwin James | Marylebone | Lib | Resigned and fled to the United States with massive debts[19] |
18 June 1861 | White, HenryHenry White | Longford | Lib | |
24 July 1861 | Russell, Lord JohnLord John Russell | City of London | Whig | In anticipation of being raised to the peerage as Earl Russell[20] |
27 January 1862 | Butler-Johnstone, Hon. HenryHon. Henry Butler-Johnstone | Canterbury | Lib | Following an interview with his leading supporters.[21] |
25 April 1862 | Fox, William JohnsonWilliam Johnson Fox | Oldham | Lib | Ill-health[22] |
23 January 1863 | Moody, CharlesCharles Moody | West Somerset | Con | |
11 February 1863 | Richardson, JonathanJonathan Richardson | Lisburn | Con | |
8 May 1863 | O'Connell, DanielDaniel O'Connell | Tralee | Lib | |
28 July 1863 | Milnes, Richard Monckton Richard Monckton Milnes | Pontefract | Lib | In anticipation of being raised to the peerage as Baron Houghton[23] |
6 February 1864 | Coningham, WilliamWilliam Coningham | Brighton | Lib | Ill health |
6 April 1864 | Garnett, WilliamWilliam Garnett | Lancaster | Con | |
6 March 1865 | Sotheron-Estcourt, Thomas H.Thomas H. Sotheron-Estcourt | Wiltshire North | Con | Ill-health[24] |
21 February 1866 | Wood, Bt, Sir CharlesSir Charles Wood, Bt | Ripon | Lib | Retired following a hunting accident[25] |
20 March 1866 | Lindsay, Hon. JamesHon. James Lindsay | Wigan | Con | Due to prolonged service in Canada in the British Army.[26] |
2 May 1866 | Northcote, Bt, Sir StaffordSir Stafford Northcote, Bt | Stamford | Con | Resigned to contest North Devon[27] |
19 July 1866 | Kerrison, Bt, Sir EdwardSir Edward Kerrison, Bt | Eye | Con | To allow him to stand for election to one of the East Suffolk parliamentary seats.[28][29] He resigned again in 1867 becoming a Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds. |
5 February 1867 | Miller, TavernerTaverner Miller | Colchester | Con | |
8 March 1867 | Staniland, MeaburnMeaburn Staniland | Boston | Lib | |
6 June 1867 | Gridley, HenryHenry Gridley | Weymouth | Lib | |
12 August 1867 | Scrope, George Julius PoulettGeorge Julius Poulett Scrope | Stroud | Lib | |
12 February 1868 | Hope, Alexander BeresfordAlexander Beresford Hope | Stoke-on-Trent | Con | |
3 April 1868 | Campbell, Alexander HenryAlexander Henry Campbell | Launceston | Con | |
14 April 1868 | Walsh, Arthur Arthur Walsh | Leominster | Con | |
22 April 1868 | Peto, Bt, Sir SamuelSir Samuel Peto, Bt | Bristol | Lib | Gave up his seat after being declared bankrupt[30] Had previously resigned from Norwich in 1854 using Hempholme. |
9 August 1869 | Traill, GeorgeGeorge Traill | Caithness | Lib | |
7 February 1870 | Lefroy, Anthony Anthony Lefroy | Dublin University | Con | |
15 February 1870 | Scott, Sir WilliamSir William Scott | Roxburghshire | Lib | |
9 February 1871 | Westhead, JoshuaJoshua Westhead | York | Lib | |
6 February 1872 | Loch, GeorgeGeorge Loch | Wick | Lib | |
5 February 1875 | Elliot, GeorgeGeorge Elliot | Chatham | Con | Appointed Commander-in-Chief of HMNB Portsmouth[31] |
8 February 1876 | Benyon, Richard FellowesRichard Fellowes Benyon | Berkshire | Con | |
9 February 1876 | Karslake, Sir John BurgessSir John Burgess Karslake | Huntingdon | Con | |
4 August 1876 | Carter, Robert MeekRobert Meek Carter | Leeds | Lib | |
23 February 1877 | Deakin, James HenryJames Henry Deakin | Launceston | Con | |
17 January 1878 | Macgregor, DonaldDonald Macgregor | Leith Burghs | Lib | |
25 February 1878 | Munro-Butler-Johnstone, HenryHenry Munro-Butler-Johnstone | Canterbury | Con | |
8 March 1878 | Neville-Grenville, RalphRalph Neville-Grenville | Mid Somerset | Con | |
4 May 1878 | Talbot, John GilbertJohn Gilbert Talbot | West Kent | Con | |
20 July 1878 | Davie, Bt, Sir Henry FergusonSir Henry Ferguson Davie, Bt | Haddington Burghs | Lib | |
3 August 1878 | Malcolm, JohnJohn Malcolm | Boston | Con | |
5 December 1878 | Sandford, GeorgeGeorge Sandford | Maldon | Con | |
10 March 1879 | Allen, Ralph ShuttleworthRalph Shuttleworth Allen | East Somerset | Con | |
18 February 1880 | Whitworth, BenjaminBenjamin Whitworth | Kilkenny City | HRL | |
4 May 1880 | Knatchbull-Hugessen, EdwardEdward Knatchbull-Hugessen | Sandwich | Lib | |
18 May 1880 | Sullivan, Alexander MartinAlexander Martin Sullivan | County Louth | HRL | |
20 May 1880 | Bernard, PercyPercy Bernard | Bandon | Con | |
24 July 1880 | Dodson, John GeorgeJohn George Dodson | Chester | Lib | Resigned to contest Scarborough, which was vacated via the Chiltern Hundreds the previous day, in anticipation of his election being declared void on petition (as happened in August 1880)[32] |
22 January 1881 | Foley, JosephJoseph Foley | New Ross | HRL | |
24 August 1881 | Rodwell, BenjaminBenjamin Rodwell | Cambridgeshire | Con | |
6 February 1882 | Russell, Sir CharlesSir Charles Russell | Westminster | Con | |
11 August 1882 | Wedderburn, Bt, Sir DavidSir David Wedderburn, Bt | Haddington Burghs | Lib | |
15 September 1882 | Finegan, James LysaghtJames Lysaght Finegan | Ennis | HRL | |
16 February 1883 | Dilke, Ashton WentworthAshton Wentworth Dilke | Newcastle-upon-Tyne | Lib | Ill-health[33] |
1 March 1883 | Carington, Hon. WilliamHon. William Carington | Chipping Wycombe | Lib | |
13 June 1883 | Whalley, HampdenHampden Whalley | Peterborough | Lib | |
20 June 1883 | Murray, Charles JamesCharles James Murray | Hastings | Con | |
14 August 1883 | Ruggles-Brise, SamuelSamuel Ruggles-Brise | Essex East | Con | |
16 November 1883 | Bisset, MordauntMordaunt Bisset | West Somerset | Con | Ill-health[34] |
11 February 1884 | Daly, JohnJohn Daly | Cork City | Nat | To concentrate on business activities.[35] |
20 February 1884 | Welby-Gregory, Bt, Sir WilliamSir William Welby-Gregory, Bt | South Lincolnshire | Con | |
5 June 1884 | Douglas-Scott-Montagu, Lord HenryLord Henry Douglas-Scott-Montagu | Hampshire South | Con | |
20 June 1884 | Taylor, Peter AlfredPeter Alfred Taylor | Leicester | Lib | Ill-health[36] |
6 August 1884 | Matheson, Bt, Sir AlexanderSir Alexander Matheson, Bt | Ross and Cromarty | Lib | |
23 October 1884 | Williams, SamuelSamuel Williams | New Radnor | Lib | |
14 November 1884 | Stewart, JamesJames Stewart | Greenock | Lib | |
6 March 1885 | Anderson, GeorgeGeorge Anderson | Glasgow | Lib | |
24 February 1886 | Morgan, Octavius VaughanOctavius Vaughan Morgan | Battersea | Lib | |
7 August 1886 | Bass, Bt, Sir MichaelSir Michael Bass, Bt | Burton | Lib | |
31 January 1887 | Percy, Lord AlgernonLord Algernon Percy | St. George's, Hanover Square | Con | |
4 July 1887 | Eaton, HenryHenry Eaton | Coventry | Con | |
12 July 1887 | Baggallay, ErnestErnest Baggallay | Brixton | Con | |
24 July 1887 | Russell, EdwardEdward Russell | Glasgow Bridgeton | Lib | |
7 February 1888 | Cohen, ArthurArthur Cohen | Southwark West | Lib | |
9 February 1888 | Buchanan, ThomasThomas Buchanan | Edinburgh West | Lib | |
18 February 1888 | Evelyn, WilliamWilliam Evelyn | Deptford | Con | |
7 March 1888 | James, CharlesCharles James | Merthyr Tydvil | Lib | |
16 April 1888 | Mason, StephenStephen Mason | Mid Lanarkshire | Lib | |
14 June 1888 | Kennedy, Edward JosephEdward Joseph Kennedy | Sligo South | Nat | |
4 August 1888 | Hamilton, Lord ClaudLord Claud Hamilton | Liverpool West Derby | Con | |
14 December 1888 | Dodds, JosephJoseph Dodds | Stockton | Lib | |
25 February 1889 | Kenny, Courtney StanhopeCourtney Stanhope Kenny | Barnsley | Lib | |
11 March 1889 | Hooper, JohnJohn Hooper | South East Cork | IPP | Retirement from politics[37] |
21 June 1889 | Bruce, Hon. Robert PrestonHon. Robert Preston Bruce | West Fife | Lib | |
17 February 1890 | Mayne, ThomasThomas Mayne | Mid Tipperary | IPP | |
12 March 1890 | Sinclair, JohnJohn Sinclair | Ayr Burghs | Lib | |
19 May 1890 | O'Hea, PatrickPatrick O'Hea | Donegal West | IPP | |
24 June 1890 | Caine, William SprostonWilliam Sproston Caine | Barrow-in-Furness | Lib | Resigned in protest of a scheme that gave compensation to public licence holders[38] |
22 October 1891 | Redmond, JohnJohn Redmond | North Wexford | IPP | |
27 February 1893 | Josse, HenriHenri Josse | Great Grimsby | Lib | Pressure of business interests, he died a few months later in July 1893.[39] |
2 June 1893 | McLagan, PeterPeter McLagan | Linlithgowshire | Lib | |
17 July 1893 | Deasy, JohnJohn Deasy | West Mayo | INF | |
30 October 1893 | Barry, JohnJohn Barry | South Wexford | INF | |
15 March 1894 | Rendel, StuartStuart Rendel | Montgomeryshire | Lib | |
26 April 1894 | Russell, Sir CharlesSir Charles Russell | Hackney South | Lib | |
10 August 1894 | Gordon-Lennox, Lord WalterLord Walter Gordon-Lennox | Chichester | Con | |
17 August 1894 | Whitehead, Bt, Sir JamesSir James Whitehead, Bt | Leicester | Lib | |
2 February 1895 | Naylor-Leyland, Bt, Sir HerbertSir Herbert Naylor-Leyland, Bt | Colchester | Con | |
8 April 1895 | Sweetman, JohnJohn Sweetman | East Wicklow | IPP | |
22 May 1895 | MacGregor, DonaldDonald MacGregor | Inverness-shire | Lib | |
22 June 1895 | O'Brien, J. F. X.J. F. X. O'Brien | Mayo South | INF | |
5 February 1896 | Will, John ShiressJohn Shiress Will | Montrose Burghs | Lib | Resigned so that John Morley could be elected[40] |
22 March 1896 | Kenny, J. E.J. E. Kenny | Dublin, College Green | IPP | Could no longer attend Parliament regularly due to other commitments[41] |
16 May 1896 | Pender, Sir JohnSir John Pender | Wick Burghs | LU | Ill-health, he died on 9 July 1896 aged 80.[42] |
16 January 1897 | Hulse, EdwardEdward Hulse | Salisbury | Con | |
20 February 1897 | Shaw, William RawsonWilliam Rawson Shaw | Halifax | Lib | |
15 March 1898 | Hunt, Bt, Sir Frederick SeagerSir Frederick Seager Hunt, Bt | Maidstone | Con | |
30 April 1898 | Finch-Hatton, Hon. HaroldHon. Harold Finch-Hatton | Newark | Con | Disagreement with party policy[43] |
9 July 1898 | Hill, Lord ArthurLord Arthur Hill | West Down | Con | |
10 August 1898 | Curzon, Hon. GeorgeHon. George Curzon | Southport | Con | |
9 December 1898 | Knox, Edmund VeseyEdmund Vesey Knox | Londonderry City | IPP | |
1 February 1899 | Acland, Arthur DykeArthur Dyke Acland | Rotherham | Lib | Ill-health[44] |
11 February 1899 | McCalmont, HughHugh McCalmont | North Antrim | UU | |
16 June 1899 | Edwards, Sir James BevanSir James Bevan Edwards | Hythe | Con | |
26 June 1899 | Oswald, James FrancisJames Francis Oswald | Oldham | Con | |
16 October 1899 | Holland, Hon. LionelHon. Lionel Holland | Bow and Bromley | Con | Ill Health.[45] |
26 October 1899 | Davitt, MichaelMichael Davitt | South Mayo | INF |
1900 to 1999
Date | Member | Constituency | Party | Reason for resignation |
---|---|---|---|---|
26 January 1900[46] | Maden, Sir JohnSir John Maden | Rossendale | Lib | ..circumstances have arisen that render it impossible for me any longer to retain the trust which you have generously reposed in me.. [47] |
10 February 1900[48] | Clarke, Sir Edward GeorgeSir Edward George Clarke | Plymouth | Con | Requested to resign by his constituent parties in a disagreement over his views expressed.[49] |
23 April 1900 | Clough, WalterWalter Clough | Portsmouth | Lib | Following a judgement against him in the Law Courts.[50] |
3 July 1901 | Young, OliverOliver Young | Wokingham | Con | |
13 January 1902[51] | Oldroyd, MarkMark Oldroyd | Dewsbury | Lib | To concentrate on business interests[52] |
4 February 1902 | McDermott, PatrickPatrick McDermott | Kilkenny North | IPP | |
10 April 1902[53] | Boyle, JamesJames Boyle | Donegal West | IPP | |
29 April 1902[54] | Kenyon, JamesJames Kenyon | Bury | Con | Ill-health[55] |
21 October 1902 | Pease, AlfredAlfred Pease | Cleveland | Lib | On becoming Baron Daryngton.[56] |
12 February 1903 | Kinloch, Bt, Sir JohnSir John Kinloch, Bt | Perthshire, Eastern | Lab | |
26 February 1903 | Beresford, Lord CharlesLord Charles Beresford | Woolwich | Con | Appointed Commander of the Channel Fleet[57] |
12 May 1903 | Minch, MatthewMatthew Minch | Kildare South | IPP | |
8 March 1904 | Mather, Sir WilliamSir William Mather | Rossendale | Lib | |
1 June 1904 | Logan, John WilliamJohn William Logan | Harborough | Lib | |
15 June 1904 | Mellor, John WilliamJohn William Mellor | Sowerby | Lib | |
28 July 1904 | Palmer, George WilliamGeorge William Palmer | Reading | Lib | |
11 February 1905 | Rigg, RichardRichard Rigg | Appleby | Lib | Change of his political opinions different from the leadership of the Liberal Party.[58] |
14 February 1906 | Gibbs, Hon. AlbanHon. Alban Gibbs | City of London | Con | |
19 March 1906 | Stevenson, Francis SeymourFrancis Seymour Stevenson | Eye | Lib | |
7 June 1906 | Clarke, Sir Edward GeorgeSir Edward George Clarke | City of London | Con | |
13 October 1906 | Devlin, Charles RamsayCharles Ramsay Devlin | Galway City | IPP | In order to travel to Canada[59] |
12 February 1907 | Bryce, JamesJames Bryce | Aberdeen, South | Lib | Appointed Ambassador to the United States of America[60] |
27 April 1907 | Hambro, Charles EricCharles Eric Hambro | Wimbledon | Con | To concentrate of business interests.[61] |
28 May 1907 | Balfour, Charles BarringtonCharles Barrington Balfour | Hornsey | Con | |
10 June 1907 | O'Hare, PatrickPatrick O'Hare | Monaghan North | IPP | |
4 July 1907 | Kitson, Bt, Sir JamesSir James Kitson, Bt | Colne Valley | Lib | |
21 August 1907 | Liddell, HarryHarry Liddell | Down, Western | Con | |
30 January 1908 | Dolan, CharlesCharles Dolan | Leitrim North | IPP | |
28 February 1908 | Hill, Lord ArthurLord Arthur Hill | Down, Western | Con | |
27 April 1908 | Morley, JohnJohn Morley | Montrose Burghs | Lib | |
1 June 1908 | Whiteley, GeorgeGeorge Whiteley | Pudsey | Lib | |
17 November 1908 | Rasch, Bt, Sir CarneSir Carne Rasch, Bt | Mid Essex | Con | Ill health.[62] |
11 February 1909 | Boyle, Bt, Sir EdwardSir Edward Boyle, Bt | Taunton | Con | Ill health.[63] |
8 April 1909 | Kincaid-Smith, ThomasThomas Kincaid-Smith | Stratford-on-Avon | Lib | To seek the decision of his constituents on the question of the adoption of military training.[64] |
12 May 1909 | McIver, Bt, Sir LewisSir Lewis McIver, Bt | Edinburgh, West | LU | |
21 February 1910 | Foster, Sir BalthazarSir Balthazar Foster | Ilkeston | Lib | In order to allow J. E. B. Seely to return to Parliament[65] |
3 February 1911 | Fuller, Bt, Sir JohnSir John Fuller, Bt | Westbury | Lib | Appointed Governor of Victoria[66] |
13 March 1911 | Sandys, ThomasThomas Sandys | Bootle | Con | |
15 April 1911 | Soares, ErnestErnest Soares | Barnstaple | Lib | |
26 June 1911 | Corbett, ArchibaldArchibald Corbett | Glasgow, Tradeston | Lib | On being created 1st Baron Rowallan.[67] |
28 June 1911 | Akers-Douglas, AretasAretas Akers-Douglas | St. Augustine's | LU | On being created 1st Viscount Chilston.[67] |
5 July 1911 | Frewen, MoretonMoreton Frewen | Cork, North Eastern | AFIL | Objection of the Parliament Bill.[68] |
20 July 1911 | Pickersgill, EdwardEdward Pickersgill | Bethnal Green, South West | Lib | On appointment as a stipendiary magistrate.[69] |
1 March 1912 | Arkwright, John StanhopeJohn Stanhope Arkwright | Hereford | Con | |
8 March 1912 | Keswick, WilliamWilliam Keswick | Epsom | Con | |
10 April 1912 | Morrison, JamesJames Morrison | Nottingham East | Con | |
4 June 1912 | Wilson, HenryHenry Wilson | Holmfirth | Lib | Ill health.[70] |
4 November 1912 | Peel, Hon. WilliamHon. William Peel | Taunton | Con | On becoming the 2nd Viscount Peel on the death of his father.[71] |
20 January 1913 | Hamilton, The Marquess ofThe Marquess of Hamilton | Londonderry City | Con | On becoming the 3rd Duke of Abercorn on the death of his father.[72] |
1 May 1913 | Kebty-Fletcher, JohnJohn Kebty-Fletcher | Altrincham | Con | Ill health.[73] |
17 June 1913 | Crawshay-Williams, EliotEliot Crawshay-Williams | Leicester | Lib | On being divorced.[74] |
11 February 1914 | Munro-Ferguson, RonaldRonald Munro-Ferguson | Leith Burghs | Lib | Appointed Governor-General of Australia[75] |
23 June 1914 | Gordon, JohnJohn Gordon | Brighton | Con | Ill health.[76] |
11 February 1915[77] | Kyffin-Taylor, GeraldGerald Kyffin-Taylor | Liverpool, Kirkdale | Con | Military commitments in the 1st West Lancs. Brigade Royal Field Artillery[78] |
13 October 1915 | Sanderson, Sir LancelotSir Lancelot Sanderson | Appleby | Con | On appointment as Chief Justice of the High Court of Judicature in Calcutta.[79] |
3 January 1916 | Norton, CecilCecil Norton | Newington, West | Lib | On becoming the 1st Baron Rathcreedan.[80] |
8 January 1916 | Beresford, Lord CharlesLord Charles Beresford | Portsmouth | Con | On becoming the 1st Baron Beresford.[81] |
18 February 1916 | Lyttelton, Hon. JohnHon. John Lyttelton | Droitwich | LU | |
23 February 1916 | Lawson, Bt, Sir WilfridSir Wilfrid Lawson, Bt | Cockermouth | Lib | |
24 February 1916 | Taylor, ThomasThomas Taylor | Bolton | Lib | |
13 March 1916 | Neilson, FrancisFrancis Neilson | Hyde | Lib | |
7 July 1916 | Grey, Bt, Sir EdwardSir Edward Grey, Bt | Berwick-on-Tweed | Lib | |
21 August 1916 | Henderson, Hon. HaroldHon. Harold Henderson | Abingdon | Con | Appointed military secretary to the Duke of Devonshire, who was to become Governor General of Canada in November 1916[82] |
16 October 1916 | Fetherstonhaugh, GodfreyGodfrey Fetherstonhaugh | Fermanagh, Northern | Con | Ill health.[83] |
16 December 1916 | Aitken, Bt, Sir MaxSir Max Aitken, Bt | Ashton-under-Lyne | LU | |
21 December 1916 | Roe, Sir ThomasSir Thomas Roe | Derby | Lib | On becoming the 1st Baron Roe.[84] |
21 December 1916 | Samuel, Bt, Sir StuartSir Stuart Samuel, Bt | Tower Hamlets, Whitechapel | Lib | |
14 February 1917 | Newdegate, FrancisFrancis Newdegate | Tamworth | Con | Appointed Governor of Tasmania[85] |
24 March 1917 | Esslemont, George BirnieGeorge Birnie Esslemont | Aberdeen South | Lib | Ill health[86] |
18 June 1917 | Chaloner, RichardRichard Chaloner | Liverpool Abercromby | Con | On becoming the 1st Baron Gisborough.[87] |
19 July 1917 | Paget, AlmericAlmeric Paget | Cambridge | Con | |
15 January 1918 | Cawley, Bt, Sir FrederickSir Frederick Cawley, Bt | Prestwich | Lib | On becoming 1st Baron Cawley.[88] |
27 May 1918 | Parker, Bt, Sir GilbertSir Gilbert Parker, Bt | Gravesend | Con | Ill health.[88] |
15 October 1918 | Cochrane, CecilCecil Cochrane | South Shields | Lib | |
13 February 1919 | Anderson, HughHugh Anderson | Londonderry, Northern | Con | |
18 August 1919 | Walker, WilliamWilliam Walker | Widnes | Co Con | |
28 October 1919 | Malcolm, Sir IanSir Ian Malcolm | Croydon, South | Co Con | |
20 November 1919 | Carlile, Bt, Sir HildredSir Hildred Carlile, Bt | St Albans | Co Con | |
2 February 1920 | Weigall, ArchibaldArchibald Weigall | Horncastle | Co Con | On appointment as Governor of South Australia.[89] |
11 February 1920 | Rogers, Sir HallewellSir Hallewell Rogers | Birmingham Moseley | Co Con | |
16 February 1920 | Dalziel, Bt, Sir HenrySir Henry Dalziel, Bt | Kircaldy | Co Lib | |
15 March 1920 | Geddes, Sir AucklandSir Auckland Geddes | Basingstoke | Co Con | Appointed Ambassador to the United States[90] |
2 June 1920 | Smith, AlbertAlbert Smith | Nelson and Colne | Lab | |
14 July 1920 | Richards, ThomasThomas Richards | Ebbw Vale | Lab | |
30 November 1920 | Abraham, WilliamWilliam Abraham | Rhondda, West | Lab | |
22 December 1920 | Pulley, Charles ThorntonCharles Thornton Pulley | Hereford | Co Con | |
13 April 1921 | Lyon, LauranceLaurance Lyon | Hastings | Co Con | |
27 April 1921 | Lowther, Hon. JamesHon. James Lowther | Penrith and Cockermouth | Co Con | |
24 May 1921 | Illingworth, AlbertAlbert Illingworth | Heywood and Radcliffe | Co Lib | |
27 May 1921 | Billing, Noel PembertonNoel Pemberton Billing | Hertford | Ind | |
23 February 1922 | Geddes, Sir Eric CampbellSir Eric Campbell Geddes | Cambridge | Co Con | |
2 May 1922 | Cros, Bt, Sir Arthur duSir Arthur du Cros, Bt | Wandsworth, Clapham | Co Con | |
12 June 1922 | Williamson, Bt, Sir ArchibaldSir Archibald Williamson, Bt | Moray and Nairn | Co Lib | |
12 February 1923 | Pease, HerbertHerbert Pease | Darlington | Con | |
14 February 1923 | Mallaby-Deeley, Bt, Sir HarrySir Harry Mallaby-Deeley, Bt | Willesden, East | Con | |
26 July 1923 | Wilson, Leslie OrmeLeslie Orme Wilson | Portsmouth, South | Con | Appointed Governor of Bombay[91] |
18 January 1924 | Banbury, Bt, Sir FrederickSir Frederick Banbury, Bt | City of London | Con | |
18 June 1924 | Campion, WilliamWilliam Campion | Lewes | Con | |
25 May 1925 | Lloyd, Sir George AmbroseSir George Ambrose Lloyd | Eastbourne | Con | |
11 November 1925 | Wood, Hon. E. F. L.Hon. E. F. L. Wood | Ripon | Con | |
14 April 1926 | Gaunt, Sir GuySir Guy Gaunt | Buckrose | Con | Cited as co-respondent in the divorce case between Sir Richard Cruise and his wife[92] |
29 June 1926 | Hastings, Sir PatrickSir Patrick Hastings | Wallsend | Lab | |
3 November 1926 | Jackson, Hon. StanleyHon. Stanley Jackson | Howdenshire | Con | |
4 November 1926 | Curtis-Bennett, Sir HenrySir Henry Curtis-Bennett | Chelmsford | Con | Sued for divorce by his wife[93] |
15 February 1927 | Benn, William WedgwoodWilliam Wedgwood Benn | Leith | Lib | Leaving the Liberal Party |
9 May 1927 | Gee, RobertRobert Gee | Bosworth | Con | |
4 November 1927 | McNeill, RonaldRonald McNeill | Canterbury | Con | |
8 June 1928 | Remnant, Bt, Sir JamesSir James Remnant, Bt | Holborn | Co Con | |
20 June 1928 | Whitley, John HenryJohn Henry Whitley | Halifax | Lib | |
11 November 1929 | Iliffe, Sir EdwardSir Edward Iliffe | Tamworth | Con | |
7 May 1930 | Bennett, Sir AlbertSir Albert Bennett | Nottingham, Central | Con | |
16 January 1931 | Mond, Hon. HenryHon. Henry Mond | Liverpool, East Toxteth | Con | |
4 February 1931 | Jones, Thomas Isaac MardyThomas Isaac Mardy Jones | Pontypridd | Lab | Found to have allowed his wife and daughter to use House of Commons rail travel vouchers[94] |
19 March 1931 | Snell, HenryHenry Snell | Woolwich, East | Lab | |
1 May 1931 | Nelson, Sir FrankSir Frank Nelson | Stroud | Con | To focus on business interests[95] |
25 February 1932 | Thom, John GibbJohn Gibb Thom | Dunbartonshire | Con | On appointment as Puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature of Allahabad.[96] |
11 April 1932 | Rodd, Sir RennellSir Rennell Rodd | St. Marylebone | Con | Decided to retire from the strenuous life of Parliament, he was aged in his early 70s.[97] |
4 July 1932 | Nicholson, OthoOtho Nicholson | Westminster, Abbey | Con | |
9 August 1933 | Castle Stewart, The EarlThe Earl Castle Stewart | Harborough | Con | Ill health.[98] |
23 April 1934 | Chotzner, AlfredAlfred Chotzner | Upton | Con | Ill health.[99] |
28 January 1935 | Wilson, GodfreyGodfrey Wilson | Cambridge University | Con | |
17 June 1935 | Grenfell, EdwardEdward Grenfell | City of London | Con | |
18 February 1936 | Cochrane, Hon. ArchibaldHon. Archibald Cochrane | Dunbartonshire | Con | |
11 June 1936 | Butt, Bt, Sir AlfredSir Alfred Butt, Bt | Wandsworth, Balham and Tooting | Con | |
1 July 1936 | Cautley, Bt, Sir HenrySir Henry Cautley, Bt | East Grinstead | Con | |
13 January 1937 | Ray, WilliamWilliam Ray | Richmond | Con | |
29 January 1937 | Cecil, Lord HughLord Hugh Cecil | Oxford University | Con | |
14 April 1937 | Lumley, RogerRoger Lumley | York | Con | On appointment as Governor of Bombay[100] |
27 May 1937 | Preston, Sir WalterSir Walter Preston | Cheltenham | Con | Ill health[101] |
1 June 1937 | Davidson, Sir J. C. C.Sir J. C. C. Davidson | Hemel Hempstead | Con | Retired following the resignation of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin [102] |
7 June 1937 | Hamilton, GeorgeGeorge Hamilton | Ilford | Con | Ill health.[103] |
2 May 1938 | Beaumont, MichaelMichael Beaumont | Aylesbury | Con | |
8 March 1939 | Barclay-Harvey, MalcolmMalcolm Barclay-Harvey | Kincardine and Western Aberdeenshire | Con | On appointment as Governor of South Australia.[104] |
29 June 1939 | Cayzer, Bt, Sir HerbertSir Herbert Cayzer, Bt | Portsmouth, South | Con | On becoming 1st Baron Rotherwick.[105] |
11 October 1939 | Rosbotham, Sir Sam TomSir Sam Tom Rosbotham | Ormskirk | N Lab | On reaching the age of 75.[106] |
28 November 1939 | Lane-Mitchell, Sir WilliamSir William Lane-Mitchell | Wandsworth, Streatham | Con | On reaching the age of 79.[107] |
26 January 1940 | Williams, DavidDavid Williams | Swansea, East | Lab | |
7 February 1940 | Jones, John JosephJohn Joseph Jones | West Ham, Silvertown | Lab | Ill health and failing eyesight.[108] |
2 April 1940 | Sanders, WilliamWilliam Sanders | Battersea, North | Lab | Ill health.[109] |
1 June 1940 | Mason, Hon. GlynHon. Glyn Mason | Croydon, North | Con | |
24 June 1940 | Kerr, CharlesCharles Kerr | Montrose Burghs | L Nat | |
12 July 1940 | Kelly, WilliamWilliam Kelly | Rochdale | Lab | Ill health.[110] |
11 November 1940 | Manningham-Buller, Bt, Sir MervynSir Mervyn Manningham-Buller, Bt | Northampton | Con | |
10 February 1941 | Dorman-Smith, Sir ReginaldSir Reginald Dorman-Smith | Petersfield | Con | On appointment as Governor of Burma.[111] |
9 June 1941 | Colfox, Bt, Sir PhilipSir Philip Colfox, Bt | Dorset, Western | Con | |
18 August 1941 | Latham, Bt, Sir PaulSir Paul Latham, Bt | Scarborough | Con | On being arrested and sent for court-martial.[112] |
24 November 1941 | Guy, JamesJames Guy | Edinburgh, Central | Con | |
9 April 1942 | Margesson, DavidDavid Margesson | Rugby | Con | On becoming the 1st Viscount Margesson.[113] |
6 July 1942 | Batey, JosephJoseph Batey | Spennymoor | Lab | |
14 January 1943 | Spens, Sir PatrickSir Patrick Spens | Ashford | Con | On appointment as Chief Justice of India.[114] |
3 June 1943 | Gretton, JohnJohn Gretton | Burton | Con | On becoming the 1st Baron Gretton.[115] |
17 January 1944 | Rawson, Sir Alfred CooperSir Alfred Cooper Rawson | Brighton | Con | Ill-health[116] |
24 January 1944 | Hunloke, HenryHenry Hunloke | Derbyshire, Western | Con | |
6 March 1945 | Morrison, GeorgeGeorge Morrison | Combined Scottish Universities | L Nat | |
10 May 1946 | Adamson, JennieJennie Adamson | Bexley | Lab | Appointed Deputy Chairman of the Unemployment Assistance Board[117] |
12 September 1946 | Smith, Sir BenjaminSir Benjamin Smith | Bermondsey, Rotherhithe | Lab | Appointed Chairman of the West Midlands Divisional Coal Board, under the National Coal Board[118] |
11 October 1946 | Smith, TomTom Smith | Normanton | Lab | Appointed Labour director of the North-Eastern Divisional Coal Board, under the National Coal Board[119] |
22 October 1946 | Mason-Macfarlane, NoelNoel Mason-Macfarlane | Paddington, North | Lab | Ill health[120] |
20 October 1947 | Glossop, CliffordClifford Glossop | Howdenshire | Con | Ill health[121] |
29 January 1948 | Willink, HenryHenry Willink | Croydon, North | Con | Appointed Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge[122] |
6 April 1948 | Martin, John HanburyJohn Hanbury Martin | Southwark, Central | Lab | Ill health[123] |
8 February 1949 | Belcher, JohnJohn Belcher | Sowerby | Lab | Found to have accepted gifts from a "fixer" to influence his conduct as a minister[124] |
20 March 1950 | Morris, HarryHarry Morris | Sheffield, Neepsend | Lab | Vacating his seat so that Solicitor-General Sir Frank Soskice could return to Parliament[125] |
3 February 1951 | Cross, Bt, Sir RonaldSir Ronald Cross, Bt | Ormskirk | Con | Appointed Governor of Tasmania[126] |
30 March 1951 | Bower, NormanNorman Bower | Harrow, West | Con | Ill health[127] |
8 October 1952 | Gage, ConollyConolly Gage | Belfast, South | Con | Ill health[128] |
12 January 1953 | White, John BakerJohn Baker White | Canterbury | Con | Ill health[129] |
31 January 1953 | Ayles, WalterWalter Ayles | Hayes and Harlington | Lab | Ill health[130] |
3 June 1953 | Glyn, Bt, Sir RalphSir Ralph Glyn, Bt | Abingdon | Con | Created a Baron (Coronation honours list); vacating his seat to allow an early election[131] |
14 October 1953 | Bullock, MalcolmMalcolm Bullock | Crosby | Con | Ill health[132] |
8 January 1954 | Cranborne, ViscountViscount Cranborne | Bournemouth, West | Con | Ill health[133] |
12 February 1954 | York, ChristopherChristopher York | Harrogate | Con | Ill health[134] |
5 November 1954 | Harden, RichardRichard Harden | Armagh | Con | Giving up a political career in order to concentrate on farming the family estate[135] |
22 March 1955 | Acland, Bt, Sir RichardSir Richard Acland, Bt | Gravesend | Lab | Seeking re-election as a candidate opposed to British development of the Hydrogen bomb[136] |
16 November 1956 | Nutting, AnthonyAnthony Nutting | Melton | Con | Opposed to Government policy on the Suez Crisis[137] |
11 January 1957 | Eden, Sir AnthonySir Anthony Eden | Warwick and Leamington | Con | Ill health; had retired as Prime Minister[138] |
29 October 1957 | Waterhouse, CharlesCharles Waterhouse | Leicester, South East | Con | Concentrating on business life involving frequent visits to Africa[139] |
1 April 1958 | Shawcross, Sir HartleySir Hartley Shawcross | St. Helens | Lab | Unable to devote his full-time to Parliamentary activities[140] |
24 November 1958 | Harvey, IanIan Harvey | Harrow, East | Con | Charged with gross indecency with a Coldstream guardsman in St James's Park[141] |
8 June 1961 | Carmichael, JamesJames Carmichael | Glasgow, Bridgeton | Lab | Ill health[142] |
13 December 1961 | Freitas, Sir Geoffrey deSir Geoffrey de Freitas | Lincoln | Lab | Appointed High Commissioner to Ghana[143] |
7 March 1962 | Wakefield, EdwardEdward Wakefield | West Derbyshire | Con | Appointed High Commissioner to Malta[144] |
1 August 1963 | St Clair, MalcolmMalcolm St Clair | Bristol, South East | Con | Resigned to allow Tony Benn, again eligible for election, to regain his seat |
19 March 1965 | Jones, AubreyAubrey Jones | Birmingham, Hall Green | Con | Appointed Chairman of the Prices and Incomes Board[145] |
5 December 1966 | Cousins, FrankFrank Cousins | Nuneaton | Lab | Concentrating on work as General Secretary of the Transport and General Workers' Union |
25 October 1967 | Crawley, AidanAidan Crawley | West Derbyshire | Con | Appointed Chairman of London Weekend Television[146] |
25 July 1968 | Crosthwaite-Eyre, OliverOliver Crosthwaite-Eyre | New Forest | Con | Ill health[147] |
2 April 1970 | Owen, WillWill Owen | Morpeth | Lab | Charged under the Official Secrets Act |
3 February 1971 | Alldritt, WalterWalter Alldritt | Liverpool, Scotland | Lab | Appointed Regional Secretary, National Union of General and Municipal Workers[148] |
16 October 1972 | Taverne, DickDick Taverne | Lincoln | Lab | Seeking re-election on leaving the Labour Party[149] |
16 February 1973 | Foley, MauriceMaurice Foley | West Bromwich | Lab | Appointed Deputy Director General for Development by the European Community[150] |
11 February 1976 | Lloyd, SelwynSelwyn Lloyd | Wirral | Con | Retiring as Speaker of the House of Commons[151] |
12 October 1976 | Short, EdwardEdward Short | Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Central | Lab | Appointed Chairman of Cable & Wireless[152] |
5 January 1977 | Tugendhat, ChristopherChristopher Tugendhat | City of London and Westminster South | Con | Appointed a member of the European Commission[153] |
5 January 1977 | Marquand, DavidDavid Marquand | Ashfield | Lab | Appointed Chief Advisor to the President of the European Commission[154] |
25 July 1977 | Cordle, JohnJohn Cordle | Bournemouth East | Con | Found in contempt of the House (Poulson scandal)[155] |
6 November 1978 | Davies, JohnJohn Davies | Knutsford | Con | Ill health[156] |
5 May 1982 | Douglas-Mann, BruceBruce Douglas-Mann | Mitcham and Morden | Lab | Seeking re-election on joining the Social Democratic Party[157] |
19 January 1984 | Varley, EricEric Varley | Chesterfield | Lab | Appointed Executive Deputy Chairman of Coalite plc[158] |
17 December 1985 | Paisley, IanIan Paisley | North Antrim | DUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 December 1985 | Forsythe, CliffordClifford Forsythe | South Antrim | UUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 December 1985 | Maginnis, KenKen Maginnis | Fermanagh and South Tyrone | UUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 December 1985 | Robinson, PeterPeter Robinson | Belfast East | DUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 December 1985 | Smyth, MartinMartin Smyth | Belfast, South | UUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 December 1985 | Walker, CecilCecil Walker | Belfast, North | UUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 December 1985 | Powell, EnochEnoch Powell | South Down | UUP | Seeking re-election in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement[159] |
17 April 1986 | Parris, MatthewMatthew Parris | West Derbyshire | Con | Appointed as a presenter of Weekend World |
1 October 1986 | Kilroy-Silk, RobertRobert Kilroy-Silk | Knowsley North | Lab | Appointed as a presenter of Day To Day |
31 December 1988 | Brittan, LeonLeon Brittan | Richmond | Con | Appointed as a member of the European Commission |
16 May 1994 | Gould, BryanBryan Gould | Dagenham | Lab | Appointed Vice-Chancellor of the University of Waikato[160] |
27 October 1997 | Merchant, PiersPiers Merchant | Beckenham | Con | Revelations of an affair with a 17-year-old nightclub hostess[161] |
2000 to present
Date | Member | Constituency | Party | Reason for resignation | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 January 2000 | Dafis, CynogCynog Dafis | Ceredigion | PC | Elected a member of the National Assembly for Wales[162] | |
21 November 2000 | Canavan, DennisDennis Canavan | Falkirk West | Lab | Elected a Member of the Scottish Parliament[163] | |
8 September 2004 | Mandelson, PeterPeter Mandelson | Hartlepool | Lab | Appointed as a member of the European Commission[164] | |
4 June 2008 | Johnson, BorisBoris Johnson | Henley | Con | Elected Mayor of London[165] | |
30 June 2008 | Marshall, DavidDavid Marshall | Glasgow East | Lab | Ill health[166] | |
22 June 2009 | Martin, MichaelMichael Martin | Glasgow North East | Lab | Retiring as Speaker of the House of Commons[167] | |
26 January 2011 | Adams, GerryGerry Adams | Belfast West | SF | In order to stand in the 2011 Irish general election[168][169][170] | |
1 April 2011 | Soulsby, PeterPeter Soulsby | Leicester South | Lab | In order to stand for election as Mayor of Leicester[171][172] | |
29 August 2012 | Mensch, LouiseLouise Mensch | Corby | Con | Moving to New York for family reasons[173] | |
22 October 2012[174] | Lloyd, TonyTony Lloyd | Manchester Central | Lab | In order to stand for election as Police and Crime Commissioner for Greater Manchester Police Force Area[175] | |
2 January 2013[176] | McGuinness, MartinMartin McGuinness | Mid Ulster | SF | Resigning to end 'double-jobbing' as Member of Parliament and Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly[177] | |
15 April 2013[178] | Miliband, DavidDavid Miliband | South Shields | Lab | In order to take up post as head of the International Rescue Committee in New York | |
29 August 2014[179] | Carswell, DouglasDouglas Carswell | Clacton | Con | Seeking re-election on joining the UK Independence Party | |
23 March 2016[180] | Irranca-Davies, HuwHuw Irranca-Davies | Ogmore | Lab | In order to contest the Welsh Assembly election | |
12 September 2016[181] | David Cameron | Witney | Con | Due to concerns that remaining a Backbench MP following his resignation as Prime Minister on the 13th July 2016 would be "a big distraction and a big diversion" from the work of the new government.[182] | |
4 November 2016[183] | Stephen Phillips | Sleaford and North Hykeham | Con | “Significant policy differences” with the government regarding their approach to Britain leaving the European Union.[184] |
See also
- List of Stewards of the Chiltern Hundreds
- List of Stewards of the Manor of East Hendred
- List of Stewards of the Manor of Hempholme
- List of Stewards of the Manor of Old Shoreham
- List of Stewards of the Manor of Poynings
References
- General
- Department of Information Services (24 March 2016). "MPs appointed to the Chiltern Hundreds or Manor of Northstead stewardships since the 1945 Parliament" (PDF). House of Commons Library. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
- Specific
- 1 2 3 "The Chiltern Hundreds" (PDF). Factsheet P11 Procedure Series. House of Commons Information Office. August 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
- ↑ "Piece details E 197/1". The Catalogue. The National Archives. Retrieved 20 October 2008.
- ↑ Urban, Sylvanus (September 1854). "Obituary: Patrick Chalmers, Esq., F.S.A". The Gentleman's Magazine. F. Jefferies. XLII: 306. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ↑ Kidd, Charles; Williamson, David (editors) (1990). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. New York: St Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-04640-5. Cite uses deprecated parameter
|coauthors=
(help) - ↑ Sargeaunt, William C.; Birch, Arthur N. (1862). The Colonial Office List. London: William Clowes and Sons. p. 149. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ↑ Urban, Sylvanus (June 1855). "Obituary: Rt. Hon. John Charles Herries". The Gentleman's Magazine. F. Jefferies. XLIII: 641. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ↑ Cox, George Valentine (1870). Recollections of Oxford. Macmillan. p. 397. ISBN 1-84677-230-3. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ↑ Urban, Sylvanus (September 1854). "Obituary: Right Hon. Henry Tufnell". The Gentleman's Magazine. F. Jefferies. XLII: 299. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ↑ Disraeli, Benjamin (1997). Wiebe, M.G., ed. Letters. University of Toronto Press. p. 349. ISBN 0-8020-4137-X. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ↑ Herbert, N.M. (editor) (1988). "Gloucester, 1835–1985: Parliamentary representation". A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 4: The City of Gloucester. pp. 205–209. Retrieved 23 September 2008.
- ↑ Sainty, J.C. (1975). "Secretaries 1660–1870". Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660–1870. pp. 34–37. Retrieved 23 September 2008.
- ↑ Walford, Edward (editor) (1857). Hardwicke's Annual biography. London: Robert Hardwicke. p. 59. Retrieved 23 September 2008.
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- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 3 October 1857: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 29 September 2013.
- ↑ Boase, G.C. (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Hamilton, George Alexander". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Greenwich Election." Times [London, England] 15 February 1859: 5. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 29 September 2013.
- ↑ Matthew, H.C.G. (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Fortescue, Hugh". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Chancery Visitors". Middlesex University. Archived from the original on 30 October 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2008.
- ↑ Pue, W. W. (1990). "Moral panic at the English Bar: Paternal vs. commercial ideologies of legal practice in the 1860s". Law and Social Inquiry. 15 (1): 49–118. doi:10.1111/j.1747-4469.1990.tb00275.x., pp76
- ↑ Prest, John (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Russell, John". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "The Canterbury Borough Election". Kentish Gazette. 4 March 1862.
- ↑ Webb, R.K. (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Fox, William Johnson". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Davenport-Hines, Richard (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Milnes, Richard Monckton". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Stephens, H.M. (2004). "Estcourt, Thomas Henry Sutton Sotheron". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Steele, David (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Wood, Charles". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 27 March 1866: 5. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 29 September 2013.
- ↑ Rubinstein, W.D. (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Northcote, Stafford". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Suffolk (East)." Times [London, England] 18 July 1866: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 29 September 2013.
- ↑ "Notice." Times [London, England] 21 July 1866: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 29 September 2013.
- ↑ Faith, Nicholas The world the railways made The Bodley Head, London, 1990 ISBN 0-370-31299-6 p. 106
- ↑ Laughton, J. K. (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Elliot, Sir George Augustus". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Courtney, W.P. (2004). "Dodson, John George". Oxford University Press (subscription required). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Baigent, Elizabeth. "Dilke, Ashton Wentworth". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7644. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 20 November 1883: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 18 March 2014.
- ↑ "Ireland." Times [London, England] 8 January 1884: 6. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 January 2015.
- ↑ Ruston, Alan (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Taylor, Peter Alfred". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Fitzpatrick, William J (1900). History of the Dublin Catholic Cemeteries. the Offices, 4 Rutland Square.
- ↑ Woods, G.S. (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Caine, William Sproston". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Obituary." Times [London, England] 25 July 1893: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 18 March 2014.
- ↑ Bedwell, C.A.E (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Will, John Shiress". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "The Times of London". The Times of London. 31 March 1896.
- ↑ "Death Of Sir John Pender." Times [London, England] 8 July 1896: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 18 March 2014.
- ↑ D. P. Crook, David Denholm (1972). "Finch-Hatton, Harold Heneage (1856–1904)". Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 4. MUP. p. 168. Retrieved 18 October 2008.
- ↑ Ockwell, Anne (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Acland, Sir Arthur". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 18 October 1899: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27159. p. 606. 30 January 1900.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 29 January 1900: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 25 September 2013.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27164. p. 1008. 13 February 1900.
- ↑ "Sir E. Clarke And His Constituents." Times [London, England] 9 February 1900: 6. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 25 September 2013.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 11 April 1900: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 25 September 2013.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27397. p. 295. 14 January 1902.
- ↑ Jenkins, D.T. (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Oldroyd, Sir Mark". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27424. p. 2416. 11 April 1902.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27430. p. 2934. 2 May 1902.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 9 May 1902: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Premier's Short Honours List". Yorkshire Post and Leed Inteligencer. 8 February 1923.
- ↑ Baddeley, V.W. (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Beresford, Charles William de la Poer". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 25 November 1904: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ Reford, Alexander (2000). "Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: Devlin, Charles Ramsay". University of Toronto. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Harvie, Christopher (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Bryce, James". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 25 April 1907: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 16 November 1908: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Election Intelligence." Times [London, England] 12 February 1909: 12. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Political Notes." Times [London, England] 6 April 1909: 12. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ Davis, John (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Foter, Balthazar Walter". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Gardiner, L.R. (1981). "Australian Dictionary of Biography Online: Fuller, Sir John Michael Fleetwood". Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- 1 2 "Four More By-Elections." Times [London, England] 20 June 1911: 15. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 7 April 1911: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "The By-Elections." Times [London, England] 18 July 1911: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "By-Election At Holmfirth." Times [London, England] 5 June 1912: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 24 August 2014.
- ↑ "The Vacancy At Taunton." Times [London, England] 25 October 1912: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Court Circular." Times [London, England] 7 January 1913: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Political Notes." Times [London, England] 2 May 1913: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "A By-Election At Leicester." Times [London, England] 12 June 1913: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ Poynter, J.R. (1986). "Australian Dictionary of National Biography: Munro Ferguson, Sir Ronald Craufurd". Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 30 June 1914: 5. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 29066. p. 1443. 12 February 1915. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
- ↑ National Archives: Newscuttings books of Brigadier-General Gerald Kyffin-Taylor (1863–1949)
- ↑ "The King has been pleased to confer the." Times [London, England] 20 July 1915: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "West Newington Election." Times [London, England] 3 January 1916: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Knights Of The Garter." Times [London, England] 1 January 1916: 9+. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "News in Brief". The Times (41259). 30 August 1916. p. 3.
column G
- ↑ "Political Notes." Times [London, England] 19 October 1916: 11. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 23 December 1916: 7. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "House of Commons". The Times (41404). 16 February 1917. p. 8.
column C
- ↑ "Mr. G. B. Esslemont." Times [London, England] 4 October 1917: 11. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 9 June 1917: 3. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- 1 2 "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 23 January 1918: 3. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 24 January 1920: 12. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ Geddes, Auckland (1783–1991). "The Papers of Sir Auckland Campbell Geddes". Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Cahill, Peter (1990). "Australian Dictionary of Biography: Wilson, Sir Leslie Orme". Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ O'Neill, Sally (1981). "Australian Dictionary of Biography: Gaunt, Sir Guy Reginald Archer". Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ Beloff, Michael (2004). "Oxford DNB article: Bennett, Sir Henry Honywood Curtis". Oxford University Press (subscription needed). Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ The Northern Herald: Thomas Isaac Mardy Jones
- ↑ "Stroud History Website: Nelson, Sir Frank (1883–1966)". 2006. Retrieved 23 November 2008.
- ↑ "News in Brief." Times [London, England] 23 February 1932: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 21 October 2013.
- ↑ "Sir Rennell Rodd." Times [London, England] 5 April 1932: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 21 October 2013.
- ↑ "Retirement Of Lord Castle Stewart." Times [London, England] 12 August 1933: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 21 October 2013.
- ↑ "By-Election In West Ham." Times [London, England] 24 April 1934: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 21 October 2013.
- ↑ "New Governor Of Bombay." Times [London, England] 10 April 1937: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 January 2015.
- ↑ "Cheltenham M.P. To Retire." Times [London, England] 16 November 1936: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 January 2015.
- ↑ "Resignation Of Mr. Baldwin: The Ministerial Changes." Times [London, England] 29 May 1937: 18. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 January 2015.
- ↑ Our Parliamentary Correspondent. "Eleven By-Elections." Times [London, England] 8 June 1937: 16. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 January 2015.
- ↑ "Governor Of South Australia." Times [London, England] 2 March 1939: 14. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Political Notes." Times [London, England] 8 June 1939: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Sir Thomas Rosbotham To Retire." Times [London, England] 12 October 1939: 5. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Sir W. Lane-Mitchell, M.P., To Retire." Times [London, England] 29 November 1939: 3. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 January 2015.
- ↑ "Various." Times [London, England] 9 February 1940: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Various." Times [London, England] 3 April 1940: 8. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Retirement Of Two M.P.s." Times [London, England] 13 July 1940: 2. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Various." Times [London, England] 26 February 1941: 4. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "M.P. To Be Tried By Court-Martial." Times [London, England] 1 August 1941: 4. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 September 2013.
- ↑ "Two New Peers". The Times (49196). London. 28 March 1942. p. 4.
- ↑ "New Chief Justice of India". The Times (49406). London. 30 November 1942. p. 4.
- ↑ "New Years Honours List". The Times (49742). London. 1 January 1944. p. 5.
- ↑ "Brighton M.P. To Retire.". The Times (49685). London. 25 October 1943. p. 2.
- ↑ "Government Changes", The Times, 11 May 1946, p. 4.
- ↑ "Sir B. Smith Resigns from Parliament", The Times, 14 September 1946, p. 4.
- ↑ "Two M.P.s to Resign", The Times, 11 October 1946, p. 8.
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