List of suffragists and suffragettes

British Women's Social and Political Union lapel pin

This list of suffragists and suffragettes includes noted individuals active in the worldwide women's suffrage movement who have campaigned or strongly advocated for women's suffrage, the organizations which they formed or joined, and the publications which publicized – and, in some nations, continue to publicize – their goals. Suffragists and suffragettes, often members of different groups and societies, used or use differing tactics. For example, "suffragette" in the British usage denotes a more "militant" type of campaigner, and suffragettes in the United States organized such nonviolent events as the Silent Sentinels, the Suffrage Hikes, and the Woman Suffrage Procession of 1913.

American (United States)

Madelin "Madge" Breckinridge

Gertrude Foster Brown

Carrie Chapman Catt

Matilda Joslyn Gage

Statue of Esther Hobart Morris

Anna Howard Shaw

Sojourner Truth

Victoria Woodhull

• Jane Addams (1860–1935) - social activist, president Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
• Nina E. Allender (1873–1957) - speaker, organizer and cartoonist
• Naomi Anderson (b. 1863) - black suffragist, temperance advocate
• Susan B. Anthony (1820–1906) - co-founder and leader National Women's Suffrage Association, created the National American Woman's Suffrage Association
• Annie Arniel (1873–1924) - member of the Silent Sentinels, arrested eight times in direct actions
• Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862–1931) - African-American journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, sociologist, and early leader in the civil rights movement
• Bertha Hirsch Baruch - writer, president of the Los Angeles Suffrage Association
• Alva Belmont (1853–1933) - founder of the Political Equality League that was in 1913 merged into the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
• Alice Stone Blackwell (1857–1950) - journalist, activist
• Antoinette Brown Blackwell (1825–1921) - co-founder, with Lucy Stone, of the American Woman Suffrage Association
• Henry Browne Blackwell (1825–1909) - founded Woman's Journal with Lucy Stone
• Harriot Eaton Stanton Blatch (1856–1940) - writer (major contributor to History of Woman Suffrage), founded Women's Political Union, daughter of pioneering activist Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Amelia Bloomer (1818–1894) - women's rights and temperance advocate; her name was associated with women's clothing reform style known as bloomers
• Lucy Gwynne Branham (1892–1966) - professor, organizer, lobbyist, active in the National Women's Party and its Silent Sentinels, daughter of suffragette Lucy Fisher Gwynne Branham
• Madeline McDowell Breckinridge (1872–1920) - suffrage leader, one-time vice president of the National Woman Suffrage Association, one of Kentucky's leading Progressive reformers
• Sophonisba Breckinridge (1866–1948) - activist, Progressive Era social reformer, social scientist and innovator in higher education
• Gertrude Foster Brown (1867-1956) - pianist, suffragette, author of Your vote and how to use it (1918).
• Olympia Brown (1835–1926) - activist, first woman to graduate from a theological school, as well as becoming the first full-time ordained minister
• Emma Bugbee (1888–1981) - journalist
• Lucy Burns (1879–1966) - women's rights advocate, co-founder of the National Woman's Party
• Zina Young Williams Card (1850-1931) - American advocate for women and children; midwife
• Frances Jennings Casement (1840–1928) - voting advocate, married General John S. Casement, who lobbied for voting rights for women
• Carrie Chapman Catt (1859–1947) - president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, founder of the League of Women Voters and the International Alliance of Women, campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
• Tennessee Celeste Claflin (1844–1923) - one of the first women to open a Wall Street brokerage firm, advocate of legalized prostitution
• Laura Clay (1849–1941) - co-founder and first president of Kentucky Equal Rights Association, leader of women's suffrage movement, active in the Democratic Party
• Mary Barr Clay (1839-1924) - first Kentuckian to hold the office of president in a national woman’s organization (American Woman Suffrage Association, and the first Kentucky woman to speak publicly on women's rights
• Jennie Collins (1828-1887), labor reformer, humanitarian, and suffragist
• Ida Craft - known as the Colonel, took part in Suffrage Hikes
• Minnie Fisher Cunningham (1882–1964) - first executive secretary of the League of Women Voters, member of the National American Women's Suffrage Association
• Lucile Atcherson Curtis (1894-1986) - the first woman in what became the US Foreign Service
• Lucinda Lee Dalton (1847–1925) - Mormon feminist and writer
• Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis (1813-1876) - a founder of the New England Woman Suffrage Association; active with the National Woman Suffrage Association; co-arranged and presided at the first National Women's Rights Convention
• Rheta Childe Dorr (1868–1948) - American journalist, suffragist newspaper editor, writer, and political activist
• Frederick Douglass (1818–1895) - African-American social reformer, orator, writer, statesman
• Anne Dallas Dudley (1876–1955) - suffrage activist; in 1920, she, along with Abby Crawford Milton and Catherine Talty Kenny, led the campaign in Tennessee to approve ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution^[1][2]
• Abigail Scott Duniway (1834–1915) - women's rights advocate, editor, writer
• Max Eastman (1883–1969) - writer, philosopher, poet, prominent political activist
• Katherine Philips Edson (1870-1933) - social worker and feminist, worked to add women's suffrage to the California State Constitution
• Elizabeth Piper Ensley (1848-1919) - Caribbean-American woman who was the treasurer of the Colorado Non-Partisan Equal Suffrage Association
• Helga Estby (1860–1942) - Norwegian immigrant, noted for her walk across the United States during 1896 to save her family farm
• Janet Ayer Fairbank (1878–1951) - author and champion of progressive causes
• Lillian Feickert (1877–1945) - suffragette; first woman from New Jersey to run for United States Senate^[3]
• Sara Bard Field (1882–1974) - active with the National Woman's Party, and in Oregon and Nevada; crossed the US to deliver a petition with 500,000 signatures to President Wilson
• Margaret Foley (1875-1957), active with the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association
• Jessica Garretson Finch, president of the New York Equal Franchise Society
• Clara S. Foltz (1849–1934) - lawyer, sister of US Senator Samuel M. Shortridge
• Elisabeth Freeman (1876–1942) - Suffrage Hike participant
• Antoinette Funk (1869-1942) - lawyer and executive secretary of the Congressional Committee of the National American Woman Suffrage Association; supporter of the women's movement in WWI
• Matilda Joslyn Gage (1826–1898) - activist, freethinker, author
• Edna Fischel Gellhorn (1878–1970) - reformer, co-founder of the National League of Women Voters
• Sarah Grimke (1792–1873) - abolitionist, writer
• Eliza Calvert Hall (pen name of Eliza Caroline "Lida" Calvert Obenchain) (1856–1935) - author, women's rights advocate
• Ida Husted Harper (1851–1931) - organizer, major writer and historian of the US suffrage movement
• Florence Jaffray Harriman (1870–1967) - social reformer, organiser and diplomat
• Sallie Davis Hayden (1842-1907) - one of the founders of the suffrage movement in Arizona
• Josephine K. Henry (1846–1928) - Progressive Era women's rights leader, social reformer and writer
• Katharine Houghton Hepburn (1878–1951) - social reformer
• Elsie Hill (1883-1970) - activist
• Helena Hill (1875-1958) - activist, geologist
• Julia Ward Howe (1819–1910) - prominent abolitionist, social activist and poet
• Emily Howland (1827–1929) - philanthropist, educator
• Josephine Brawley Hughes (1839-1926) - Established the Arizona Suffrage Association in 1891
• Inez Haynes Irwin (1873–1970) - co-founder of the College Equal Suffrage League, active in National Women's Party, wrote the parties' history
• Ada James (1876–1952) - social worker and reformer
• Izetta Jewel (1883–1978) - stage actress, women's rights activist, politician and the first woman to address a major American political party convention
• Rosalie Gardiner Jones (1883–1978) - socialite, took part in Suffrage Hike, known as "General Jones"
• Belle Kearney (1863–1939) - speaker and lobbyist for the National American Woman Suffrage Association; first woman elected to the Mississippi State Senate
• Edna Buckman Kearns (1882–1934) - National Woman's Party campaigner, known for her horse-drawn suffrage campaign wagon (now in the collection of New York State Museum)
• Mary Morton Kehew (1859-1918) - labor/social reformer and suffragist from Boston
• Helen Keller (1880–1968) - author and political activist
• Abby Kelley (1811–1887) - abolitionist, radical social reformer, fundraiser, lecturer and committee organizer for the American Anti-Slavery Society
• Caroline Burnham Kilgore (1838-1909) - the first woman to be admitted to the bar in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
• Daisy Elizabeth Adams Lampkin (1883–1965) - civil rights activist, organization executive, and community practitioner
• Clara Chan Lee (1886–1993) - first Chinese American to register to vote in the US, November 8, 1911^[4]
• Dora Lewis (1862-1928) - in 1913 became an executive member of the National Women's Party; in 1918 became their chairwoman of finance; in 1919 became their national treasurer; in 1920 headed their ratification committee
• Lena Morrow Lewis (1868–1950) - organizer in South Dakota and Oregon; enlisted the support of labor unions
• Mary Livermore (1820–1905) - journalist and advocate of women's rights
• Florence Luscomb (1887–1985) - architect and prominent leader of Massachusetts suffragists
• Katherine Duer Mackay (1878-1930) - founder of the Equal Franchise Society
• Arabella Mansfield (1846-1911) - first female lawyer in the United States, chaired the Iowa Women’s Suffrage Convention in 1870, and worked with Susan B. Anthony
• Wenona Marlin - New York suffragist from Ohio
• Anne Henrietta Martin (1875–1951) - Vice-chairman National Woman's Party, arrested as a Silent Sentinel, president Nevada Equal Franchise Society, first US woman to run for Senate
• Ellis Meredith (1865–1955) - journalist
• Jane Hungerford Milbank (1871–1931) - author and poet
• Inez Milholland (1886–1916) - key participant in the National Woman's Party and the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913
• Harriet May Mills (1857–1936) - prominent civil rights leader, played a major role in women's rights movement
• Abby Crawford Milton (1881-1991) - traveled throughout Tennessee making speeches and organizing suffrage leagues in small communities; in 1920, she, along with Anne Dallas Dudley and Catherine Talty Kenny, led the campaign in Tennessee to approve ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution^[1][2]
• Virginia Minor (1824–1894) - co-founder and president of the Woman's Suffrage Association of Missouri; unsuccessfully argued in Minor v. Happersett (1874 Supreme Court case) that the Fourteenth Amendment gave women the right to vote
• Esther Hobart Morris (1814–1902) - first female Justice of the Peace in the United States
• Mary Foulke Morrisson (1879-1971) - organizer of 1916 suffrage parade in Chicago at the Republican national Convention; founder of chapters of the League of Women Voters
• Lucretia Mott (1793–1880) - Quaker, abolitionist; women's rights activist; social reformer
• Frances Lillian Willard "Fannie" Munds (1866-1948) - leader of the suffrage movement in Arizona and member of the Arizona Senate
• Sarah Massey Overton (1850-1914) - women's rights activist and black rights activist
• Maud Wood Park (1871–1955) - founder of the College Equal Suffrage League, co-founder of the Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government (BESAGG); worked for passage of the 19th Amendment
• Alice Paul (1885–1977) - leader, main strategist, and inspiration for the 1910s Women's Voting Rights Movement for the 19th Amendment; founder of the National Women's Party; initiator of the Silent Sentinels and Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913; author of the Equal Rights Amendment
• Juno Frankie Pierce, also known as Frankie Pierce or J. Frankie Pierce (1864-1954) - African-American suffragist^[5][6][7][8]
• Helen Pitts (1838–1903) - active in women's rights movement and co-edited The Alpha
• Anita Pollitzer (1894–1975) - photographer, served as National Chairman in the National Woman's Party
• Marjorie Merriweather Post (1887–1973) - philanthropist, heiress to the Post Cereal company fortune
• Florence Kenyon Hayden Rector (1882–1973) - first licensed female architect in the state of Ohio and the only female architect practicing in central Ohio between 1900 and 1930
• Florida Ruffin Ridley (1861–1943) - African-American civil rights activist, suffragist, teacher, writer, and editor from Boston
• Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (1842–1924) - African-American publisher, journalist, civil rights leader, suffragist, and editor
• Ruth Logan Roberts (1891-1968) - suffragist, activist, YWCA leader, and host of a salon in Harlem
• Margaret Sanger (1879–1966) - birth control activist, sex educator, nurse, established Planned Parenthood Federation of America
• Julia Sears (1840–1929) - pioneering academic and first woman in the US to head a public college, now Minnesota State University
• May Wright Sewall (1844-1920) - chairperson of the National Woman's Suffrage Association's executive committee from 1882 to 1890
• Anna Howard Shaw (1847–1919) - president of National Women's Suffrage Association from 1904 to 1915
• Mary Shaw (1854–1929) - early feminist, playwright and actress
• Pauline Agassiz Shaw (1841-1917) - co-founder and first president of the Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government
• May Gorslin Preston Slosson (1858–1943) - educator and first woman to obtain a doctoral degree in Philosophy in the United States
• The Smiths of Glastonbury, a family of 6 women in Connectictut who were active in championing suffrage, property rights, and education for women
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815–1902) - initiator of the Seneca Falls Convention, author of the Declaration of Sentiments, co-founder National Women's Suffrage Association, major pioneer of women's rights in America
• Helen Ekin Starrett (1840–1920) - Illinois Woman's Press Association; author, educator, editor, business owner, early suffragist, and one of the two delegates from the 1869 National Convention to attend the Victory Convention in 1920
• Doris Stevens (1892–1963) organizer for National American Women Suffrage Association and the National Woman's Party, prominent Silent Sentinels participant, author of Jailed for Freedom
• Lucy Stone (1818–1893) - prominent orator, abolitionist, and a vocal advocate and organizer promoting rights for women
• Helen Taft (1891–1987) - daughter of President William Howard Taft; traveled the nation giving pro-suffrage speeches
• Lydia Taft (1712–1778) - first woman known to legally vote in colonial America
• M. Carey Thomas (1857–1935) - educator, linguist, and second President of Bryn Mawr College
• Grace Gallatin Seton Thompson (1872-1959) - American author
• Dorothy Thompson (1893–1961) - Buffalo and New York activist, later journalist and radio broadcaster
• Sojourner Truth (c. 1797-1883) - abolitionist, women's rights activist, speaker, gave women's rights speech "Ain't I a Woman?"
• Harriet Tubman (1822–1913) - African-American abolitionist, humanitarian and Union spy during the American Civil War
• Mina Van Winkle (1875–1932) - crusading social worker, groundbreaking police lieutenant and national leader in the protection of girls and other women during the law enforcement and judicial process
• Mabel Vernon (1883–1975) - principal member of the Congressional Union for Women Suffrage, major organizer for the Silent Sentinels
• Sarah E. Wall (1825–1907) - organizer of an anti-tax protest that defended a woman's right not to pay taxation without representation
• Rosa Welt-Straus (1856–1938) - feminist, born in Austria, first Austrian woman to earn a medical degree, first female eye doctor in Europe
• Ruza Wenclawska (died 1977) - factory inspector and trade union organizer
• Frances Willard (1839–1898) - leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union and International Council of Women, lecturer, writer
• Victoria Woodhull (1838–1927) - leader of woman's suffrage movement, first female candidate for President of the United States, first woman to start a weekly newspaper, activist for women's rights and labor reforms, advocate of free love

• Emmeline B. Wells (1828–1921) - American journalist, editor, poet, women's rights advocate, and diarist

Argentinian

• Alicia Moreau de Justo (1885-1986)
• Julieta Lanteri (1873-1932)
• Eva Perón (1919–1952) - speaker and writer for suffrage, women's suffrage passed during her first year as First Lady of Argentina

Australian

Edith Cowan

• Dora Meeson Coates (1869–1955) - artist, member of Royal Institute of Oil Painters in London, member of British Artists' Suffrage League
• Edith Cowan (1861–1932) - politician, social campaigner, first woman elected to an Australian parliament
• Fanny Furner (1864–1938) - activist
• Vida Goldstein (1869–1949) - feminist politician, first woman in British Empire to stand for election to a national parliament
• Serena Lake - English-born, South Australian evangelical preacher, social reformer, campaigner for women's suffrage
• Louisa Lawson (1848–1920) - poet, writer, publisher, feminist, mother of the poet and author Henry Lawson
• Mary Lee (1821–1909) - Irish-Australian social reformer
• Muriel Matters (1877–1969) - lecturer, journalist, educator, actress, elocutionist, best known for her work on behalf of Women's Freedom League

• May Jordan McConnel (1860–1929) - first paid female trade union organiser in Queensland, one of the founders of the Brisbane Women's Union

• Emma Miller (1839–1917) - pioneer trade union organiser, key figure in organisations which led to the founding of the Australian Labor Party in Brisbane, Queensland
• Rose Scott (1847–1925) - women's rights activist in New South Wales
• Catherine Helen Spence (1825–1910) - Scottish-born author, teacher, journalist, politician, called the "Greatest Australian Woman," commemorated on the Australian five-dollar note issued for the Centenary of Federation of Australia
• Jessie Street (1889–1970) - feminist, human rights campaigner

Austrian

• Marianne Hainisch (1839–1936) - founder and leader of the Austrian women's movement, mother of first President of Austria
• Ernestine von Fürth, née Kisch (1877–1946) - Austrian-Jewish women's activist, founder and leader of the women's suffrage movement in Austria
• Rosa Welt-Straus (1856–1938) - feminist, first Austrian woman to earn a medical degree

Belgian

• Marie Popelin (1846–1913) - founded the Belgian League for Women's Rights in 1892
• Isala Van Diest (1842–1916) - first female medical doctor and first female university graduate in Belgium

Brazilian

• Celina Guimarães Viana (1890–1972) - Brazilian professor and suffragist; first woman to vote in Brazil
• Ivone Guimarães (1908–1999) - Brazilian professor, suffragist and activist; one of the first women to vote in Brazil
• Alzira Soriano (1897–1963) - Brazilian politician

British

Elizabeth Garrett Anderson

Frances Buss

Mabel Capper (3rd from right, with petition) and fellow suffragettes, 1910

Millicent Fawcett

Lilian Lenton

Harriet Taylor Mill

Christabel Pankhurst

Ethel Smyth

Beatrice Webb

Rebecca West

• Janie Allan (1868–1968) - suffragette activist and founder of the WSPU
• Mary Sophia Allen (1878–1964) - women's rights activist, involved in far right political activity
• Katharine Russell, Viscountess Amberley (1844–1874) - early advocate of birth control, mother of philosopher Bertrand Russell
• Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836–1917) - physician, feminist, co-founder of first hospital staffed by women, first dean of a British medical school, first female mayor and magistrate in Britain
• Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873–1943) - medical pioneer, member of Women's Social and Political Union, social reformer, Chief Surgeon of Women's Hospital Corps, Fellow of Royal Society of Medicine
• Jane Arthur (1827-1907) - educationalist
• Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor (1879–1964) - politician, socialite, first woman to sit as a Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons
• Barbara Ayrton-Gould (née Ayrton; June 1886 - 14 October 1950) - Labour politician in the United Kingdom
• Frances Balfour (1858–1931) - highest-ranking members of British aristocracy to assume a leadership role in the women's suffrage movement
• Rachel Barrett (1874-1953) - editor of the The Suffragette
• Dorothea Beale (1831–1906) - educational reformer, author, Principal of the Cheltenham Ladies' College
• Lydia Becker (1827–1890) - amateur scientist with interests in biology and astronomy, best remembered for founding and publishing the Women's Suffrage Journal
• Ethel Bentham (1861–1931) - doctor, politician
• Annie Besant (1847–1933) - prominent socialist, theosophist, women's rights activist, writer, orator and supporter of Irish and Indian self-rule
• Rosa May Billinghurst (1875–1953) - member of the Women's Social and Political Union
• Teresa Billington-Greig (1877–1964) - founder of Women's Freedom League
• Barbara Bodichon (1827–1891) - educationalist, artist, feminist, activist for women's rights
• Margaret Bondfield (1873–1953) - Labour politician, feminist, first woman Cabinet minister in the United Kingdom
• Catherine Booth (1829–1890) - speaker, known as the 'Mother of The Salvation Army'
• Elsie Bowerman (1889–1973) - lawyer, RMS Titanic survivor
• Vera Brittain (1893–1970) - writer, feminist, pacifist
• Frances Buss (1827–1894) - headmistress, pioneer of women's education
• Josephine Butler (1828–1906) - feminist, social reformer concerned about the welfare of prostitutes
• Mona Caird (1854–1932) - Scottish novelist, essayist
• Mabel Capper (1888–1966) - activist in the Women's Social and Political Union, devoted to the struggle against bad luck and discrimination
• Anne Clough (1820–1892) - promoter of higher education for women
• Jane Cobden (1851–1947) - Liberal politician who was active in many radical causes
• Leonora Cohen (1873–1978) - regional activist who was also an appointed OBE
• Margaret Cole (1893–1980) - socialist politician, champion of comprehensive education
• Florence Annie Conybeare (1872-1916) - campaigned on behalf of the Women's Suffrage Movement, President of the Dartford Women's Liberal Association, First World War fundraiser, VAD worker
• Selina Cooper (1864–1946) - local magistrate, campaigner against fascism, first woman to represent the Independent Labour Party in 1901 when elected as Poor Law Guardian
• Jessie Craigen (c.1835-1899) - a working-class suffragist.
• Richmal Crompton (1890–1969) - schoolmistress, writer who is best known for her humorous short stories
• Mary Crudelius (1839–1877) - campaigner for women's education
• Emily Davies (1830–1921) - feminist, campaigner for women's rights to university access, co-founder and first Mistress of Girton College, Cambridge University
• Emily Davison (1872–1913) - militant activist, key member of the Women's Social and Political Union, died in a protest action at a racetrack
• Charlotte Despard (1844–1939) - novelist, Sinn Féin activist, vegetarian, anti-vivisection advocate
• Flora Drummond (1878–1949) - organiser for Women's Social and Political Union, imprisoned nine times for her activism in Women's Suffrage movement, inspiring orator
• Norah Elam (1878–1961) - radical feminist, militant suffragette, anti-vivisectionist and fascist
• Millicent Fawcett (1847–1929) - feminist, intellectual, political leader, union leader, writer
• Elizabeth Fry (1780–1845) - prison reformer, social reformer, philanthropist
• Edith Margaret Garrud (1872–1971) - professional arts instructor
• Mary Gawthorpe (1881–1973) - socialist, trade unionist, editor
• Gerald Gould (1885–1936) - writer, known as a journalist and reviewer, essayist and poet
• Beatrice Forbes-Robertson Hale (1883-1967) - actress, lecturer, and writer
• Cicely Hale (1884-1981) - health visitor and author
• Nellie Hall (1895–1929) - god-daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst (the leader of British suffragette movement)
• Cicely Hamilton (1872–1952) - actress, writer, journalist, feminist
• Marion Coates Hansen (1870–1947) - early member of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), founding member Women's Freedom League, important activist for suffrage
• Jane Ellen Harrison (1850–1928) - linguist, feminist, scholar, co-founder of modern studies in Greek mythology
• Evelina Haverfield (1867–1920) - aid worker, involved in the Women's Social and Political Union
• Emily Hobhouse (1860–1926) - campaigner, worked to change the conditions inside the concentration camps in South Africa during the Second Boer War
• Olive Hockin (married name Olive Leared) (1881–1936) - artist
• Winifred Holtby (1898–1935) - novelist, journalist
• Winifred Horrabin (1887–1971) - socialist activist, journalist
• Clemence Housman (1861–1955) - author, illustrator, activist
• Laurence Housman (1865–1959) - playwright, writer, illustrator
• Elizabeth How-Martyn (1875–1954) - member of the Women's Social and Political Union
• Ellen Hughes (1867–1927) - Welsh writer, poet, suffragist
• Elsie Inglis (1864–1917) - innovative Scottish doctor
• Sophia Jex-Blake (1840–1912) - physician, teacher, feminist, a leading campaigner for medical education for women
• Ellen Isabel Jones (d.1948) - close associate of the Pankhursts
• Annie Kenney (1879–1953) - leading figure in the Women's Social and Political Union
• Grace Kimmins (1871–1954) - active in the foundation of charitable foundations, particularly those concerned with the welfare of poor and disabled children
• Anne Knight (1786–1862) - social reformer, pioneer of feminism
• Annie Knight (1895–2006) - organizer
• Aeta Adelaide Lamb (1886-1928) - longest serving organizer in the Women's Social and Political Union
• George Lansbury (1859–1940) - politician and social reformer
• Jennie Lee (1904–1988) - politician
• Lilian Lenton (1891–1972) - dancer
• Lady Constance Lytton (1869–1923) - writer and campaigner
• Agnes Macdonald (1836–1920) - spouse of the first Prime Minister of Canada
• Margaret Mackworth (1883–1958) - activist and director of more than thirty companies
• Sarah Mair (1846–1941) - campaigner and founder
• Edith Mansell Moullin (1859-1941) suffragist, settlement worker and Welsh feminist organization founder
• Kitty Marion (1871–1944) - actress and political activist
• Dora Marsden (1882–1960) - anarcho-feminist, editor of literary journals and philosopher of language
• Selina Martin (1882-1972) - activist
• Harriet Martineau (1802–1876) - social theorist and writer
• Eleanor Marx (1855–1898) - activist and translator
• Alice Meynell (1847–1922) - editor, writer and poet
• Harriet Taylor Mill (1807–1858) - philosopher and women's rights advocate
• John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) - philosopher, political economist and civil servant
• Hannah Mitchell (1872–1956) - activist
• Dora Montefiore (1851–1933) - activist and writer
• Ethel Moorhead (1869–1955) - painter
• Anna Munro (1881-1962) - activist
• Flora Murray (1869–1923) - medical pioneer and activist
• Mary Neal (1860–1944) - social worker and collector of English folk dances
• Alison Roberta Noble Neilans (1884–1942) - activist, member of the executive committee of the Women's Freedom League
• Ada Nield Chew (1870–1945) - organiser
• Florence Nightingale (1820–1910) - celebrated social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing
• Adela Pankhurst (1885–1961) - political organizer, co-founder of the Communist Party of Australia and the Australia First Movement
• Christabel Pankhurst (1880–1958) - co-founder and leader of the Women's Social and Political Union
• Emmeline Pankhurst (1858–1928) - a main founder and the leader of the British Suffragette Movement
• Sylvia Pankhurst (1882–1960) - campaigner and anti-fascism activist
• Edith Pechey (1845–1908) - campaigner for women's rights, involved in a range of social causes
• Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence (1867–1954) - member Suffrage Society, secretary Women's Social and Political Union
• Eleanor Rathbone (1872–1946) - campaigner for women's rights
• Mary Reid (1880–1921) - Scottish trades unionist
• Mary Richardson (1882–1961) - Canadian suffragette, arsonist, head of the women's section of the British Union of Fascists
• Edith Rigby (1872–1948) - founder of St. Peter's School, prominent activist
• Elizabeth Robins (1862–1952) - actress, playwright, novelist
• Rona Robinson
• Esther Roper (1868–1938) - social justice campaigner
• Agnes Royden (1876-1956) - preacher
• Sophia Duleep Singh (1876–1948) - had leading roles in the Women's Tax Resistance League, and the Women's Social and Political Union
• Ethel Smyth (1858–1944) - composer, writer
• Ethel Snowden (1881–1951) - socialist, human rights activist, feminist politician
• Flora Stevenson (1839–1905) - Scottish social reformer with interest in education for poor or neglected children
• Louisa Stevenson (1835–1908) - Scottish campaigner for women's university education, effective, well-organised nursing
• Una Harriet Ella Stratford Duval (née Dugdale) (1879–1975) - suffragette and marriage reformer
• Lucy Deane Streatfeild (1865–1950) - civil servant, social worker, one of the first female factory inspectors in UK
• Helena Swanwick (1864–1939) - feminist, pacifist
• Dora Thewlis (1890–1976) - activist
• Elizabeth Thompson (1846–1933) - prominent painter
• Violet Tillard (1874–1922) - nurse, pacifist, supporter of conscientious objectors, relief worker
• Marion Wallace Dunlop (1864–1942) - suffragett went on hunger strike after being arrested for militancy
• Harriet Shaw Weaver (1876–1961) - political activist, magazine editor
• Beatrice Webb (1858–1943) - sociologist, economist, socialist, labour historian, social reformer
• Rebecca West (1892–1983) - author, journalist, literary critic, travel writer
• Olive Wharry (1886–1947) - artist, arsonist
• Ellen Wilkinson (1891–1947) - politician, Member of Parliament, served as Minister of Education
• Alice Zimmern (1855–1939) - teacher, writer

Bulgarian

• Dimitrana Ivanova (1881-1960) - reform pedagogue, women's rights activist
• Julia Malinova (1869-1953) - women's rights activist

Canadian

Edith Archibald

• Edith Archibald (1854–1936) - writer who led the Maritime Women's Christian Temperance Union and the National Council of Women of Canada and the Local Council of Women of Halifax
• Laura Borden
• Henrietta Muir Edwards
• Gertrude Harding (1889-1977) - one of the highest-ranking and longest-lasting members of the Women's Social and Political Union
• Anna Leonowens (1831–1915) - travel writer, educator and social activist
• Nellie McClung (1873–1951) - politician, author, social activist, member of The Famous Five
• Louise McKinney
• Jean McWilliam
• Emily Murphy
• Irene Parlby
• Eliza Ritchie (1856–1933) - educator and member of the executive of the Local Council of Women of Halifax
• Emily Stowe (1831–1903) - doctor, campaigned for the country's first medical college for women

Chilean

• Marta Vergara (1898-1995) - co-founder of MEMch; Inter-American Commission of Women delegate

Chinese

• Lin Zongsu (1878-1944) - founder of the first suffrage organization in China

Colombian

• Lucila Rubio de Laverde co-founder of the suffrage organizations, Unión Femenina de Colombia (Women's Union of Colombia) (UFC) and the Alianza Femenina de Colombia (Women's Alliance of Colombia)
• María Currea Manrique (1890-1985) - co-founder of the suffrage organizations, Unión Femenina de Colombia (Women's Union of Colombia) (UFC) and the Alianza Femenina de Colombia (Women's Alliance of Colombia)

Danish

• Mathilde Fibiger (1830–1872) - feminist writer
• Eline Hansen (1859–1919) - co-founder of Dansk Kvinderaad, later Danske Kvinders Nationalråd (DKN)
• Line Luplau (1823-1891) - co-founder and chairperson of the Danske Kvindeforeningers Valgretsforbund or DKV
• Louise Nørlund (1854-1919) - co-founder and chairperson of the Danske Kvindeforeningers Valgretsforbund or DKV
• Elna Munch (1871-1945) - co-founder of the Landsforbundet for Kvinders Valgret (National Association for Women's Suffrage) or LKV
• Johanne Rambusch (1865-1944) - co-founder of the Landsforbundet for Kvinders Valgret (Country Association for Women's Suffrage) or LKV
• Caroline Testman (1839-1919) - co-founder and chairman of the Dansk Kvindesamfund

Dutch

• Wilhelmina Drucker (1847-1925)
• Mariane van Hogendorp (1834–1909)
• Cornélie Huygens (1848–1902)^[9]
• Aletta Jacobs - Chairperson of Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht, 1903-1919
• Catharine van Tussenbroek (1852-1925)
• Annette Versluys-Poelman - chairperson of Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht 1894-1902

Egyptian

• Doria Shafik

French

Marguerite Durand

• Hubertine Auclert
• Maria Deraismes
• Jeanne Deroin
• Marguerite Durand
• Olympe de Gouges
• Louise Michel
• Madeleine Pelletier
• Pauline Roland
• Séverine
• Flora Tristan
• Maria Vérone

German

Bust of Clara Zetkin

• Anita Augspurg
• Mathilde Franziska Anneke

Gertrud Bäumer

• Lily Braun
• Minna Cauer
• Hedwig Dohm
• Johanna Elberskirchen
• Johanna von Evreinov
• Lida Gustava Heymann
• Luise Koch
• Maria Kleiser
• Helene Lange
• Louise Otto-Peters
• Bertha Pappenheim
• Käthe Schirmacher
• Auguste Schmidt
• Alice Salomon
• Marie Stritt
• Marianne Weber
• Clara Zetkin

Greek

• Kalliroi Parren (1861-1940) - founder of the Greek women's movement
• Avra Theodoropoulou

Haitian

• Yvonne Sylvain

Icelandic

• Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir (1856–1940) - founded the first women's magazine and first suffrage organization in Iceland

Indian

• Annie Besant
• Sarojini Naidu (1879–1949)

Italian

• Alma Dolens
• Anna Maria Mozzoni

Irish

Constance Markievicz

• Louie Bennett
• Mary Fleetwood Berry
• Cissie Cahalan
• Helen Chenevix
• Frances Power Cobbe
• Margaret "Gretta" Cousins (1878–1954) - Irish-Indian, established All India Women's Conference, co-founded Irish Women's Franchise League
• Charlotte Despard
• Norah Elam, aka Norah Dacre Fox
• Eva Gore-Booth
• Anna Haslam (1829–1922) - founder of the Dublin Women's Suffrage Association
• Mary Hayden
• Kathleen Lynn
• Mary MacSwiney
• Margaret McCoubrey
• Mary Ann McCracken
• Constance Markievicz
• Helena Molony
• Florence Moon
• Mary Donovan O'Sullivan
• Sarah Persse
• Jenny Wyse Power
• Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington - founder-member of the Irish Women's Franchise League
• Isabella Tod
• Anna Wheeler

Japanese

• Raicho Hiratsuka (1886–1971)
• Fusae Ichikawa (1893–1981) - founded nation's first women's suffrage organization, the Women's Suffrage League of Japan; president of the New Japan Women's League
• Shidzue Katō (1897–2001)
• Oku Mumeo (1895-1997)
• Shigeri Yamataka (1899–1977)

Liechtenstein

• Melitta Marxer (1923-2015) - one of the "Sleeping Beauties" who took the issue of women's suffrage to the Council of Europe in 1983

New Zealand

Kate Sheppard

• Georgina Abernethy (c.1859–1906) - active in the Weslayan church
• Lily May Atkinson (1866–1921) - speaker, writer, mainly active in Wellington
• Amey Daldy (1829–1920) - major leader and recruiter
• Meri Te Tai Mangakāhia (1868–1920) - Māori campaigner for women's suffrage
• Harriet Russell Morison (1862–1925) - co-founded the Dunedin Franchise League
• Mary Ann Müller (1819/1820?-1901) - "New Zealand's pioneer suffragist", pamphleteer, writer
• Annie Jane Schnackenberg 1835–1905 - founder member of NZ WCTU 1885; National President 1891-1901; President Auckland WCTU 1889-1897
• Kate Sheppard (1847-1934) - premier suffragist in the first country to allow women's voting, appears on New Zealand's ten dollar note
• Ada Wells (1863–1933) - 1880s activist who later established the Canterbury Women's Institute

Nicaraguan

• Josefa Toledo de Aguirre, also called Josefa Emilia Toledo Murillo (1866–1962) - Nicaraguan feminist, writer and reform pedagogue

Norwegian

• Randi Blehr (1851-1928) - chairperson and co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
• Anna Bugge (1862-1928) - chairman of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
• Betzy Kjelsberg (1866-1950) - co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (1884), the National Association for Women's Suffrage (1885)
• Gina Krog (1847-1916) - co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
• Ragna Nielsen (1845-1924) - chairperson of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
• Thekla Resvoll (1871-1948) - head of the Norwegian Female Student’s Club and on the board of the women's suffrage movement (Kvinnestemmeretsforeningen)
• Anna Rogstad (1854-1938) - vice president of the Association for Women's Suffrage

Panamanian

• Elida Campodónico
• Clara González
• Gumercinda Páez

Peruvian

• Aurora Cáceres

Philippine

• Concepción Felix

Puerto Rican

• Isabel Andreu de Aguilar
• Felisa Rincón de Gautier

Romanian

• Eugenia de Reuss Ianculescu
• Clara Maniu
• Elena Meissner

Russian

• Aleksandra Kollontai

South African

• Anna Petronella van Heerden (1887–1975) - campaigned for women's suffrage in the 1920s
• Julia Solly (1862-1953) - helped acquire the vote for white women in 1930

Spanish

• Clara Campoamor (1888–1972) - added language into the writing of the Spanish constitution of 1931 giving women the right to vote in Spain

Swedish

Signe Bergman

• Gertrud Adelborg (1853–1942) - Secretary and leading member of the suffrage movement, presented the first demand of woman suffrage to the government
• Signe Bergman (1869–1960) - co-founder and Chairperson of the National Association for Women's Suffrage
• Emilia Broomé (1866–1925) - first woman in the legislative assembly, introduced the new laws of equal access to all government posts for both genders
• Frigga Carlberg (1851–1925) - Chairperson of the National Association for Women's Suffrage (Gothenburg branch)
• Sofia Gumaelius (1840–1915) - Treasurer of the National Association for Women's Suffrage
• Ann-Margret Holmgren (1850–1940) - co-founder and leading campaigner and recruiter for the National Association for Women's Suffrage
• Ellen Key (1849–1926) - suffragist, ideologist
• Valborg Olander (1861–1943) - Chairperson of the National Association for Women's Suffrage (local branch)
• Elin Wägner (1882–1949) - Campaigner for the National Association for Women's Suffrage
• Lydia Wahlström (1869–1954) - co-founder and Chairperson of the National Association for Women's Suffrage
• Anna Whitlock (1852–1930) - co-founder and Chairperson of the National Association for Women's Suffrage
• Karolina Widerström (1856–1949) - Chairperson of the National Association for Women's Suffrage

Swiss

• Simone Chapuis-Bischof (born March 16, 1931) - head of the Association Suisse Pour les Droits de la Femme (ADF) and the president of the journal Femmes Suisses
• Caroline Farner (1842–1913) - the second female Swiss doctor
• Marie Goegg-Pouchoulin (1842–1913) - Swiss doctor and campaigner for the Swiss women's movement
• Marthe Gosteli (1917) - Swiss suffrage activist and creator of the Swiss archive of women's history
• Ursula Koch (born 1941) - politician, refused the 'male' oath in the Zürich cantonal parliament; first women president of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SP)
• Emilie Lieberherr (1924–2011) - Swiss politician who was a leading figure in the final struggle for women suffrage in Switzerland, and the famous 1969 March to Bern for women suffrage
• Rosa Neuenschwander (1883–1962) - pioneer in vocational education, founder of the Schweizerische Landfrauenverband or SLFV (Swiss Country Association for Women Suffrage)
• Julie von May (von Rued)
• Helene von Mülinen (1850–1924) - founder of Switzerland's organized suffrage movement; created and served as first president of Bund Schweizerischer Frauenvereine (BSF)

Trinidadian

• Beatrice Greig

Uruguayan

• Paulina Luisi Janicki (1875-1949) - leader of the feminist movement in Uruguay, first Uruguayan woman to earn a medical degree in Uruguay (1909)

Venezuelan

• Carmen Clemente Travieso

Yishuvian

• Rosa Welt-Straus

Major suffrage organizations

• Alpha Suffrage Club - believed to be the first black women's suffrage association in the United States; began in Chicago, Illinois in 1913 under the initiative of Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Belle Squire
• American Equal Rights Association - from 1866 to 1869, early attempt at a national organization by Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony and others
• American Woman Suffrage Association - American suffrage organization formed in 1869 by Lucy Stone and Antoinette Brown Blackwell after a split in the American Equal Rights Association; it joined NAWSA in 1890
• Asociación Nacional de Mujeres Españolas - Spanish organization from 1918 to 1936
• Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government - American organization devoted to women's suffrage in Massachusetts; active from 1901 to 1920
• Bulgarskiat Zhenski Suyut - Bulgarian organization from 1901 to 1944
• Canadian Women's Suffrage Association - founded in 1877, name changed in 1883 to Toronto Women's Suffrage Association
• College Equal Suffrage League - US group founded in 1900 by Maud Wood Park and Inez Haynes Irwin to attract younger women to the movement; merged with the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1908
• Congressional Union - radical US organization formed in 1913 to campaign for a constitutional amendment for women's voting rights; led by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns; in 1915 changed its name to National Woman's Party
• Dublin Women's Suffrage Association - major Irish organization
• Equal Franchise Society - created and joined by American women of wealth, a politically active organization conducted within a socially comfortable milieu
• French Union for Women's Suffrage - founded in 1909 to promote women's suffrage
• International Alliance of Women - founded in 1904 to promote women's suffrage
• Irish Women's Franchise League - founded in 1908, more radical than the Dublin Association
• Irish Women's Suffrage Society - founded by Isabella Tod as the North of Ireland Women's Suffrage Society in 1872; it was based in Belfast but had branches in other parts of the north^[10]
• Landsforbundet for Kvinders Valgret - Danish organization from 1907 to 1915
• National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) - formed in 1890 by the joining of the American Woman Suffrage Association and the National Woman Suffrage Association
• National Association for Women's Suffrage (Norway) - Norwegian organization from 1898 to 1913
• National Association for Women's Suffrage (Sweden) - Swedish organization from 1902 to 1921
• National Society for Women's Suffrage - Britain's first large suffrage organization, founded in 1867 by Lydia Becker
• National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies - a major United Kingdom organization
• National Woman's Party - major United States organization founded in 1915 by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns to campaign for a constitutional amendment; organized the Silent Sentinels; from 1913-1915 the same core group's name was the Congressional Union
• National Women's Rights Convention - a series of major US organizing conventions, held from 1850 to 1869
• National Woman Suffrage Association - American organization founded in 1869 by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton after the split in the American Equal Rights Association; joined NAWSA in 1890
• New England Woman Suffrage Association (NEWSA) - formed in 1868 as the first major political organization with women's suffrage as its goal, active until 1920, principal leaders were Julia Ward Howe and Lucy Stone, played key role in forming the American Woman Suffrage Association
• Silent Sentinels - Members of the National Woman's Party who picketed America's White House from Jan. 1917 to June 1919 during Woodrow Wilson's presidency and until the 19th Amendment was passed; initiated and led by Alice Paul
• Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht - Dutch organization from 1894 to 1919
• Woman's Christian Temperance Union - active in the suffrage movement, especially in the US and New Zealand
• Women's Franchise League - major British group created in 1889 by Emmeline Pankhurst
• Women's Freedom League - British group founded in 1907 by 70 members of the Women's Social and Political Union in a breakaway following rules changes by Christabel Pankhurst
• Women's Social and Political Union - a major suffrage organization in United Kingdom (breakaway from the National Union for Women's Suffrage)
• Women's Trade Union League - American organization formed in 1903, later involved with the campaign for the 19th amendment

Women's suffrage publications

Back cover of The Woman Citizen magazine from Jan 19, 1918

• Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution - drafted by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1878, ratified in 1920
• Declaration of Sentiments - major statement for women's rights, including the right to vote, passed and signed at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848; mainly written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• History of Woman Suffrage - six books produced from 1881 to 1922 by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn Gage and Ida Husted Harper
• Jus Suffragii was the official journal of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance, published monthly from 1906 to 1924
• Suffrage Atelier - publishing collective in England, founded 1909
• The Freewoman, a feminist weekly which, among other topics, covered the suffrage movement; published between November, 1911 and October, 1912 and edited by Dora Marsden and Mary Gawthorpe
• The Liberator - weekly newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison which, although primarily supporting abolition of slavery, also took up the suffrage cause from 1838 until it closed in 1865
• The Revolution - weekly US newspaper, 1868-1872; official publication of the National Woman Suffrage Association
• Suffragette Sally - a 1911 suffrage novel by Gertrude Colmore
• The Vote - publication of British Women's Freedom League
• Woman's Journal and Suffrage News - major weekly newspaper founded by Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell in 1870, eventually absorbed other suffrage publications
• Women's Suffrage Journal - magazine published 1870-1890 in the United Kingdom

See also

• List of civil rights leaders
• List of democracy and elections-related topics
• List of feminists
• List of women's rights activists
• Open Christmas Letter
• Seneca Falls Convention
• Suffrage Hikes
• Timeline of first women's suffrage in majority-Muslim countries
• Timeline of women's rights (other than voting)
• Timeline of women's suffrage
• Women's suffrage in Australia
• Women's suffrage in Japan
• Women's suffrage in New Zealand
• Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
• Women's suffrage in the United States

References

1. "Services For Mrs. Dudley To Be Held Thursday". Nashville Banner. September 14, 1955.
2. Anastatia Sims (1998). "Woman Suffrage Movement". In Carroll Van West. Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society. ISBN 1-55853-599-3.
3. "L.F.Feickert". Njwomenshistory.orgpx. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
4. Yung, Judy (1995). Unbound Feet: A Social History of Chinese Women in San Francisco. University of California Press.
5. The African-American history of Nashville, Tennessee, 1780-1930: elites and dilemmas, by Bobby L. Lovett, University of Arkansas Press, 1999, page 232
6. Tennessee Through Time, The Later Years. Gibbs Smith. 1 August 2007. pp. 174–. ISBN 978-1-58685-806-3.
7. "Black History Month: J. Frankie Pierce founded school for girls | The Tennessean | tennessean.com". Archive.tennessean.com. 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
8. "Frankie Pierce & the Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls". Ww2.tnstate.edu. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
9. "Huygens, Cornélie Lydie (1848-1902)". Huygens ING. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
10. "Belfast suffragettes". Retrieved 25 July 2013.