Coeur d'Alene, Idaho

Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
City

Coeur d'Alene
Nickname(s): Lake City

Location in Kootenai County and the state of Idaho
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho

Location in the United States

Coordinates: 47°41′34″N 116°46′48″W / 47.69278°N 116.78000°W / 47.69278; -116.78000Coordinates: 47°41′34″N 116°46′48″W / 47.69278°N 116.78000°W / 47.69278; -116.78000
Country United States
State Idaho
County Kootenai
Founded 1878
Incorporated 1887
Government
 • Mayor Steven Widmyer
Area[1]
 • City 16.08 sq mi (41.65 km2)
 • Land 15.57 sq mi (40.33 km2)
 • Water 0.51 sq mi (1.32 km2)
Elevation 2,188 ft (667 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • City 44,137
 • Estimate (2013[3]) 46,402
 • Density 2,834.7/sq mi (1,094.5/km2)
 • Urban 98,378 (US: 304th)
 • Metro 144,265 (US: 283rd)
 • CSA 679,989 (US: 71st)
Time zone Pacific (UTC−8)
 • Summer (DST) Pacific (UTC−7)
ZIP code 83814
Area code(s) 208
FIPS code 16-16750
GNIS feature ID 0379485
Website www.cdaid.org

Coeur d'Alene (i/ˈkɒr dəˈleɪn/ KORR də-LAYN) is the largest city and county seat of Kootenai County, Idaho, United States.[4] It is the principal city of the Coeur d'Alene Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the population of Coeur d'Alene was 44,137.[5] The city is located about 30 mi (48 km) east of the larger Spokane, Washington. After the 2010 Census, the two metropolitan areas were merged into a single Combined Statistical Area, with a population of 679,989.[6] Coeur d'Alene is the largest city in northern Idaho Panhandle. The city is situated on the north shore of Lake Coeur d'Alene, 25-mile (40 km) in length. Locally, Coeur d'Alene is known as the "Lake City," or simply called by its initials: "CDA".

The city of Coeur d'Alene has grown significantly in recent years, in part because of a substantial increase in tourism, encouraged by several resorts in the area. Broadcaster and media figure Barbara Walters called the city "a little slice of Heaven" and included it in her list of most fascinating places to visit. On November 28, 2007, Good Morning America broadcast the city's Christmas lighting ceremony because its display is among the largest in the United States. The Coeur d'Alene Resort takes up a prominent portion of the city's downtown. It is also located near two major ski resorts: Silver Mountain Resort to the east in Kellogg, and Schweitzer Mountain Ski Resort to the north in Sandpoint.

The city is named after the Coeur d'Alene People, a federally recognized tribe of Native Americans who lived along the rivers and lakes of the region, in a territory of 3.5 million acres extending into Washington and Montana. They were first encountered by French fur traders in the late 18th and early 19th century, who referred to them as Cœur d'Alène, meaning "heart of an awl," reflecting their experience of the tribal traders as tough businessmen, "sharp-hearted" or "shrewd".[7]

History

Lake Coeur d'Alene, in July

The Coeur d'Alene people called themselves by the autonym Schitsu'umsh in Coeur d'Alene, one of the Salishan languages, meaning meaning "The Discovered People" or "Those Who Are Found Here."

This area was extensively explored by David Thompson of the North West Company starting in 1807. The Oregon boundary dispute (or Oregon question) arose as a result of competing British and American claims to the Pacific Northwest of North America in the first half of the 19th century. The British had trading ties extending from Canada and had started settlements in present-day British Columbia and at Fort Astoria on the Pacific coast near the mouth of the Columbia River.

Sunset in Coeur d'Alene

The Oregon Treaty of 1846 ended the disputed joint occupation of the area in present-day Idaho when Britain ceded all rights to land south of the 49th parallel to the United States. When General William T. Sherman ordered a fort constructed on the lake in the 1870s, he gave it the name Fort Coeur d'Alene; hence the name of the city that grew around it. The name of the fort was later changed to Fort Sherman to honor the general.[8] North Idaho College, a community college, now occupies the former fort site. The lake was also named for the Coeur d'Alene.

Miners and settlers came to the region after silver deposits were found. It became the second-largest silver mining district in the country, generating both great wealth and extensive environmental contamination and damages. In the 1890s, two significant miners' uprisings took place in the Coeur d'Alene Mining District, where the workers struggled with high risk and low pay.[9] In 1892, the union's discovery of a labor spy in their midst, in the person of Charlie Siringo, sometime cowboy and Pinkerton agent, resulted in a strike that developed into a shooting war between miners and the company.

Years later Harry Orchard, who owned a share of the Hercules Mine in the nearby mountains before it began producing, confessed to a secret, brutal and little understood role in the Colorado Labor Wars. He later confessed to dynamiting a $250,000 mill belonging to the Bunker Hill Mining Company near Wardner during another miners' uprising in 1899. He returned later to Idaho to assassinate former Idaho Governor Frank Steunenberg in 1905.[10]

Geography

Spokane River drainage

Coeur d'Alene is located at 47°41′34″N 116°46′48″W / 47.69278°N 116.78000°W / 47.69278; -116.78000 (47.692845, −116.779910),[11] at an elevation of 2,180 ft (660 m) above sea level.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.08 square miles (41.65 km2), of which, 15.57 square miles (40.33 km2) is land and 0.51 square miles (1.32 km2) is water.[1]

The wooded lands east of the city have been designated for protection and management as the Coeur d'Alene National Forest. The city is surrounded by forest, which contains several lakes and campgrounds.

It is located 30 miles (48 km) east of Spokane, Washington, and is part of a common metropolitan area. It is 311 miles (501 km) east of Seattle, Washington, located on Puget Sound on the west side of the Cascade Mountains.

Panorama of Coeur d'Alene from Cougar Bay. The tall building to the far right is the Coeur d'Alene Resort.

Climate

Coeur d'Alene has, depending on the definition, a dry-summer continental climate (Köppen Dsb), or a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb), characterized by a cold, moist climate in winter, and very warm, dry conditions in summer. It straddles the border between USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 6B and 7A.[12] The monthly daily mean temperature ranges from is 29.8 °F (−1.2 °C) in December to 69.0 °F (20.6 °C) in July and August. Temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on 13 days per year, only occasionally reaching 100 °F (38 °C), while conversely, there may be several nights below 10 °F (−12 °C).[13] Snowfall averages 70 inches (178 cm) per year; precipitation is generally lowest in summer. The average first and last freeze of the season are October 12 and May 3, respectively.

Climate data for Coeur d'Alene, Idaho (1981−2010 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 60
(16)		 62
(17)		 73
(23)		 94
(34)		 98
(37)		 104
(40)		 108
(42)		 109
(43)		 102
(39)		 88
(31)		 71
(22)		 60
(16)		 109
(43)
Average high °F (°C) 35.5
(1.9)		 40.2
(4.6)		 49.0
(9.4)		 56.4
(13.6)		 65.2
(18.4)		 72.3
(22.4)		 81.5
(27.5)		 82.5
(28.1)		 72.6
(22.6)		 58.0
(14.4)		 44.0
(6.7)		 34.3
(1.3)		 57.6
(14.2)
Average low °F (°C) 25.4
(−3.7)		 26.7
(−2.9)		 31.4
(−0.3)		 36.7
(2.6)		 43.6
(6.4)		 50.9
(10.5)		 56.3
(13.5)		 55.5
(13.1)		 47.6
(8.7)		 38.4
(3.6)		 31.7
(−0.2)		 25.2
(−3.8)		 39.1
(3.9)
Record low °F (°C) −30
(−34)		 −29
(−34)		 −13
(−25)		 5
(−15)		 21
(−6)		 28
(−2)		 36
(2)		 32
(0)		 17
(−8)		 2
(−17)		 −13
(−25)		 −26
(−32)		 −30
(−34)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.18
(80.8)		 2.13
(54.1)		 2.34
(59.4)		 1.88
(47.8)		 2.16
(54.9)		 1.98
(50.3)		 .94
(23.9)		 .87
(22.1)		 1.01
(25.7)		 1.95
(49.5)		 3.72
(94.5)		 3.52
(89.4)		 25.68
(652.4)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 10.4
(26.4)		 4.2
(10.7)		 1.9
(4.8)		 .3
(0.8)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 3.9
(9.9)		 11.7
(29.7)		 32.4
(82.3)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 13.4 10.6 11.6 10.3 11.9 9.4 4.6 4.5 6.3 10.8 15.2 12.8 121.3
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 4.8 2.7 1.1 .2 0 0 0 0 0 .1 2.0 5.4 16.2
Source: NOAA (extremes 1895−present) [13]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1890491—
19005083.5%
19107,2911,335.2%
19206,447−11.6%
19308,29728.7%
194010,04921.1%
195012,19821.4%
196014,29117.2%
197016,22813.6%
198019,91322.7%
199024,56323.4%
200034,51440.5%
201044,13727.9%
Est. 201549,122[14]11.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]

2010 census

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 44,137 people, 18,395 households, and 10,813 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,834.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,094.5/km2). There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of 1,298.6 per square mile (501.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.8% White, 0.4% African American, 1.2% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.9% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.3% of the population.

There were 18,395 households of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.2% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.2% were non-families. 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the city was 35.4 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 24% were from 45 to 64; and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 34,514 people, 13,985 households, and 8,852 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,629/sq mi (1,014.9/km2). There were 14,929 housing units at an average density of 1,137/sq mi (439.0/km2). Coeur d'Alene's racial makeup was:

Hispanic or of any race were 2.70% of the population.

There were 13,985 households out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city the population was spread out with:

The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,001, and the median income for a family was $39,491. Males had a median income of $31,915 versus $21,092 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,454. About 9.3% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.5% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The city is the healthcare, educational, media, manufacturing, retail and recreation center for northern Idaho. Several mining firms are headquartered in the city, among them Hecla Mining (NYSE: HL). The Coeur d'Alene Resort is also a major employer. The U.S. headquarters of The Pita Pit is located in Coeur d'Alene.[16] There are also some fishing and boating (Stores) play a major part.

Commercial

Coeur d'Alene's retail has expanded greatly in recent years with the opening of new stores and entertainment venues. Coeur d'Alene's Riverstone development houses a 14-theater Regal Cinemas, condominiums, a Hampton Inn, a park, restaurants, and local retailers. The North Idaho Centennial Trail bike path cuts through the Riverstone complex alongside an abandoned railroad right of way. The Citylink transit system adjoins the northwest entrance of the Riverstone complex.

Giant statues of bird feathers line Northwest Boulevard, celebrating the rich heritage associated with the Coeur d'Alene Tribe. Art galleries and cafes are located along Sherman Avenue, Coeur d'Alene's main street. During summer, artists and musicians frequent Sherman Square.

In 2009, Coeur d'Alene ranked No. 12 on Newsmax magazine's list of the "Top 25 Most Uniquely American Cities and Towns," a piece written by current CBS News travel editor Peter Greenberg. In determining his ranking, Greenberg commended the city for "embracing its natural beauty and creating a small business-friendly environment that has helped develop its thriving tourism industry."[17]

Education

The Coeur d'Alene School District #271 serves 10,300 students with its two high schools, three middle schools, an alternative high/middle school, a dropout retrieval school, and 10 elementary schools. The district has a staff of 550 teachers, 47 administrators and 552 support personnel to provide education for the Coeur d'Alene, Hayden and Dalton communities.

In addition to Honors and Advanced Placement courses, Coeur d'Alene and Lake City High Schools began offering the rigorous International Baccalaureate Diploma Program. Two of the elementary schools are implementing the IB Primary Years Program. Because of a lack of funding, the Coeur d'Alene High School dropped the IBE Diploma Program in fall 2009.[18]

District 271 students who qualify are also eligible for dual enrollment with North Idaho College and advanced technical and specialized courses at Riverbend Professional Technical Academy in Post Falls.

A partnership with the City of Coeur d'Alene Police Department provides five School Resource Officers. Through an alliance with Kootenai Health, the District is served by seven school nurses.

Coeur d'Alene also has a Charter school. Its teaching curriculum is based on setting higher college-preparatory standards than many other schools. The school enforces a strict dress code policy for students to maintain a professional academic atmosphere. Coeur d'Alene Charter Academy is a regular middle–high school; it is publicly funded with open admission to any students residing in the state of Idaho. However, students' families must arrange for their own transportation to the school. The Coeur d'Alene Charter Academy is expanding into neighboring lots in order to add classrooms.

Elementary Schools

[19]

Middle Schools

[20]

High Schools

[21]

Specialty Schools

[22]

Infrastructure

Aerial photo of Coeur d'Alene

Transportation

Roads and highways

Coeur d'Alene is accessed from Interstate 90 at Exits 11 through 15. The greater Coeur d'Alene area is almost entirely dependent upon private automobiles for transportation. Combined with the city's rapid growth since 1990, relative congestion now occurs on a significant portion of the area highways, notably U.S. 95 between Northwest Blvd. north to Hayden, and on several under-developed arterial streets such as Atlas, Ramsey, and Government Way. Before the construction of I-90, the city was served by U.S. Route 10, which runs through downtown. This route is Northwest Boulevard and Sherman Avenue. The former US 10, between I-90 exits 11 and 15, is now designated as Interstate 90 Business.

Public transportation

(1890)

Free public bus service is available to area residents, provided by Citylink. Citylink buses operate in the urbanized area of Kootenai County, leaving the Riverstone Transfer Station every sixty minutes, seven days a week, including holidays. Buses are wheelchair accessible and can transport up to two bicycles.

The bus system comprises four separate routes:

As of April 2012, major changes were made to the current routes, including the elimination of the "Urban Route A", which went out to Stateline, 125 new stops added to the system, the "Urban Route B" and the "Urban Route C" became two-way service instead of loop service, and the routes leaving from Riverstone more frequently, from every eighty-five minutes down to sixty. Changes were made primarily due to budget cuts.[23]

Airports

The closest major airport serving Coeur d'Alene and North Idaho is the Spokane International Airport, which is served by five airlines and is located 40 miles (64 km) to the west in Spokane, Washington. Coeur d'Alene Airport – Pappy Boyington Field (KCOE) is a general aviation airport located in Hayden, north of the city near U.S. 95.

The local Coeur d'Alene Airport is a public-use, general aviation airport. In 1941, the Coeur d’Alene Chamber of Commerce promoted the purchase of 720 acres (290 ha) of land on the Rathdrum Prairie for the Coeur d’Alene Airport. The facility was built in 1942 by the Army Engineers at a cost of over $400,000. It was designated as an alternate to Weeks Field (now, Kootenai County Fairgrounds) when a war training program was in operation for World War II.

Utilities

The city of Coeur d'Alene provides for municipal water, sewer and stormwater management, street lighting, garbage collection, and recycling.

Healthcare

Kootenai Health is the primary medical center serving the Coeur d'Alene and north Idaho area. With over 2,600 employees, it is the largest employer in Kootenai County.

Events and attractions

Coeur d'Alene from the parking garage of the Coeur d'Alene Resort

In popular culture

Notable people

Sister cities

Coeur d'Alene has one sister city:

References

  1. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-06-26. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  2. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  3. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2014-06-16.
  4. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  5. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  6. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013". 2013 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. June 16, 2014. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  7. ↑ Frey, Rodney. "Coeur d'Alene (Schitsu'umsh)". Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  8. ↑ An Illustrated History of North Idaho, Western Historical Publishing Company, Spokane, Washington (1903).
  9. ↑ Roughneck—The Life and Times of Big Bill Haywood, Peter Carlson, 1983, pages 53–54.
  10. ↑ Roughneck—The Life and Times of Big Bill Haywood, Peter Carlson, 1983, pages 91–92.
  11. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  12. ↑
  13. 1 2 "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
  14. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  15. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Contact Pita Pit." The Pita Pit. Retrieved on February 23, 2010.
  17. ↑ Greenberg, Peter. "Newsmax Magazine Rates the Top 25 Most Uniquely American Cities And Towns". Retrieved 15 January 2014.
  18. ↑ , CDA Press
  19. ↑ http://www.cdaschools.org/domain/298
  20. ↑ http://www.cdaschools.org/domain/298
  21. ↑ http://www.cdaschools.org/domain/298
  22. ↑ http://www.cdaschools.org/domain/298
  23. ↑ "Kootenai County - CITYLINK SERVICE REDUCTION - Summary Sheet - FAQ's". KMPO Transportation Blog. Blogspot. Retrieved 27 February 2013. |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
  24. ↑ http://www.ironmancda.com/
  25. ↑
  26. ↑
  27. ↑
  28. ↑
  29. ↑
  30. ↑ http://www.startiger.com/l?searchid=9419870&id=43265
  31. ↑ "G.H. Boyington", Arlington National Cemetery
  32. ↑ Rhodes, Richard. Dark Sun. Simon & Schuster, New York, 1995. pg. 336
  33. ↑
  34. ↑
  35. ↑ Hevesi, Dennis (2011-02-04). "Charles Sellier Jr., Creator of 'Grizzly Adams,' Dies at 67". New York Times. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
  36. ↑ Dumas, Michael (2011-02-08). "Charles Sellier Jr., creator of 'Grizzly Adams,' dies at 67". Press-Register. Retrieved 2011-02-11.

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