United States House of Representatives elections, 1808

United States House of Representatives elections, 1808

April 26, 1808 - May 5, 1809

All 142 seats to the United States House of Representatives 72 seats were needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party   Leader Joseph Bradley Varnum Timothy Pitkin Party Democratic-Republican Federalist Leader's seat Massachusetts-4th Connecticut-AL Last election 116 seats 26 seats Seats won 94[1][Note 1] 48[1][Note 1] Seat change 22 22

Speaker before election Joseph Bradley Varnum Democratic-Republican Elected Speaker Joseph Bradley Varnum Democratic-Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 11th Congress were held in the various states between April 1808 (in New York) and May 1809 (in Tennessee). The Congress first met on May 22, 1809.

Although the Democratic-Republicans maintained control of the presidency (under James Madison) and Congress after the election of 1808, Federalists made significant gains in the House, mainly due to the unpopularity of the Embargo Act of 1807. In particular, voters in New England, who often had ties to the shipping or manufacturing industries, overwhelmingly chose to send Federalists to Washington. Economic stagnation due to the closing of the export market and fears that Democratic-Republican policies had the potential for leading America into a naval war with France or Britain were key issues that allowed for a brief Federalist resurgence. The Democratic-Republicans were left with a majority under two-thirds for the first time since the election of 1800.

Election summaries

↓

94	48
Democratic-Republican	Federalist

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic- Republican	Federalist
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Connecticut	At-large	September 19, 1808	7	0		7
Delaware	At-large	October 4, 1808	1	0		1
Georgia	At-large	October 3, 1808	4	4		0
Kentucky	District (6)	August 1, 1808	6	6		0
Maryland	District (8[Note 2])	October 3, 1808	9	6		3
Massachusetts	District (17)	November 7, 1808	17	8	3	9	3
New Hampshire	At-large	August 29, 1808	5	0	5	5	5
New Jersey	At-large	November 7–8, 1808	6	6		0
New York	District (15[Note 3])	April 26–28, 1808	17	9	6	8	6
North Carolina	District (12)	August 12, 1808	12	9	2	3	2
Ohio	At-large	October 11, 1808	1	1		0
Pennsylvania	District (11[Note 4])	October 11, 1808	18	16	1	2	1
Rhode Island	At-large	August 30, 1808	2	0	2	2	2
South Carolina	District (8)	October 10–11, 1808	8	8		0
Vermont	District (4)	September 6, 1808[Note 5]	4	1	1	3	1
1809 Elections
Tennessee	District (3)	May 4–5, 1809	3	3		0
Virginia	District (22)	April, 1809	22	17	4	5	4
Total			142	94[1][Note 1] 66.2%	23	48[1][Note 1] 33.8%	23

House seats
D-R			66.20%
Federalist			33.80%

Complete returns

Connecticut

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket	Benjamin Tallmadge	Federalist	1801 (special)	Re-elected	Epaphroditus Champion[Note 6] (F) Samuel W. Dana (F) John Davenport (F) Jonathan O. Moseley (F) Timothy Pitkin (F) Lewis B. Sturges (F) Benjamin Tallmadge (F) Sylvanus Backus (F) Asa Bacon (F) John Caldwell (F) Sylvester Gilbert (F) Uriel Holmes (F) Ebenezer Huntington[Note 7] (F) Lyman Law (F) Samuel B. Sherwood (F) Nathan Smith (F) Nathaniel Terry (F) Noah Webster (F)
	Jonathan O. Moseley	Federalist	1804	Re-elected
	Epaphroditus Champion	Federalist	1806	Re-elected
	Timothy Pitkin	Federalist	1805 (special)	Re-elected
	Lewis B. Sturges	Federalist	1805 (special)	Re-elected
	John Davenport	Federalist	1798	Re-elected
	Samuel W. Dana	Federalist	1798	Re-elected

Samuel W. Dana (F) resigned on May 10, 1810, having been elected to the Senate and was replaced by Ebenezer Huntington (F)

Delaware

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Delaware at-large	Nicholas Van Dyke	Federalist	1807 (special)	Retired Federalist hold	Nicholas Van Dyke (F) 53.3% Joseph Haslet (DR) 46.7%

Georgia

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Georgia at-large 4 seats on a general ticket	Howell Cobb	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	William W. Bibb (DR) 22.7% George M. Troup (DR) 22.2% Howell Cobb (DR) 20.6% Dennis Smelt (DR) 14.8% James E. Houston (DR) 11.1% John M. Dooley (DR) 8.6%
	George M. Troup	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected
	Dennis Smelt	Democratic-Republican	1806 (special)	Re-elected
	William W. Bibb	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected

Kentucky

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Kentucky 1	Matthew Lyon	Democratic-Republican	1796[Note 8] 1803	Re-elected	Matthew Lyon[Note 6] (DR) Anthony New (DR)
Kentucky 2	John Boyle	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Samuel McKee[Note 6] (DR) Philip Trapnell John L. Bridges
Kentucky 3	John Rowan	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Henry Crist[Note 6] (DR) Stephen Ormsby (DR)
Kentucky 4	Richard M. Johnson	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Richard M. Johnson (DR) 100%
Kentucky 5	Benjamin Howard	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Benjamin Howard (DR) 100%
Kentucky 6	Joseph Desha	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Joseph Desha (DR) 100%

In the 5th district, Benjamin Howard (DR) resigned on April 10, 1810 to become Governor of Louisiana Territory and was replaced in a special election by William T. Barry (DR)

Maryland

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Maryland 1	John Campbell	Federalist	1801	Re-elected	John Campbell (F) 70.1% James Fenwick (DR) 29.7%
Maryland 2	Archibald Van Horne	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Archibald Van Horne (DR) 60.0% Henry A. Callis (F) 40.0%
Maryland 3	Philip Barton Key	Federalist	1806	Re-elected	Philip Barton Key (F) 66.5% John Wampler (DR) 33.5%
Maryland 4	Roger Nelson	Democratic-Republican	1804 (special)	Re-elected	Roger Nelson (DR) 51.8% Upton Bruce (F) 48.2%
Maryland 5	Nicholas R. Moore	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Nicholas R. Moore (DR) 44.8% Alexander McKim (DR) 43.4% William Winder (F) 11.9%
	William McCreery	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
Maryland 6	John Montgomery	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	John Montgomery (DR) 51.5% William Spencer (F) 32.9% John Archer (DR) 15.6%
Maryland 7	Edward Lloyd	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	John Brown (DR) 58.6% Robert H. Goldsborough (F) 41.4%
Maryland 8	Charles Goldsborough	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	Charles Goldsborough (F) 75.1% Charles Nutter (DR) 24.9%

On May 10, 1810, Roger Nelson (DR) of the 4th district resigned and was replaced in a special election by Samuel Ringgold (DR).

In the 7th district, John Brown (DR) resigned some time after being re-elected after appointment as Clerk of Court of Queen Anne's County and was replaced in a special election, for both the remainder of the 11th Congress and for the 12th Congress, by Robert Wright (DR).

Massachusetts

District		Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 9]
Massachusetts 1 Known as the Suffolk district		Josiah Quincy	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	Josiah Quincy (F) 59.1% William Jarvis (DR) 40.8%
Massachusetts 2 Known as the Essex South district		Joseph Story	Democratic-Republican	1808 (special)	Retired Federalist gain	Benjamin Pickman, Jr. (F) 52.2% Daniel Kilham (DR) 47.8%
Massachusetts 3 Known as the Essex North district		Edward St. Loe Livermore	Federalist	1806	Re-elected	Edward St. Loe Livermore (F) 63.6% Thomas Kitteridge (DR) 36.0%
Massachusetts 4 Known as the Middlesex district		Joseph Bradley Varnum	Democratic-Republican	1794	Re-elected	Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) 63.4% Abraham Bigelow (F) 36.%
Massachusetts 5 Known as the Hampshire South district		William Ely	Federalist	1804	Re-elected	William Ely (F) 66.0% Samuel Fowler (DR) 33.9%
Massachusetts 6 Known as the Hampshire North district		Samuel Taggart	Federalist	1803	Re-elected	Samuel Taggart (F) 68.4% Solomon Snead (DR) 31.5%
Massachusetts 7 Known as the Plymouth district		Joseph Barker	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Charles Turner, Jr. (DR) 50.4% William Baylies (F) 49.2%
Massachusetts 8 Known as the Barnstable district		Isaiah L. Green	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Gideon Gardner (DR) 58.1% Wendall Davis (F) 41.9%
Massachusetts 9 Known as the Bristol district		Josiah Dean	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Laban Wheaton (F) 56.8% Josiah Dean (DR) 42.7%
Massachusetts 10 Known as the Worcester South district		Jabez Upham	Federalist	1806	Re-elected	Jabez Upham (F) 54.3% Edward Bangs (DR) 44.4% John Spurr (DR) 1.2%
Massachusetts 11 Known as the Worcester North district		William Stedman	Federalist	1803	Re-elected	William Stedman (F) 65.3% Moses White (DR) 32.3% Abijah Bigelow (F) 1.8%
Massachusetts 12 Known as the Berkshire district		Ezekiel Bacon	Democratic-Republican	1807 (special)	Re-elected	Ezekiel Bacon (DR) 54.4% John W. Hulbert (F) 45.6%
Massachusetts 13 Known as the Norfolk district		Ebenezer Seaver	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Ebenezer Seaver (DR) 57.7% Edward Robbins (F) 42.1%
District of Maine	Massachusetts 14 Known as the York district	Richard Cutts	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	Richard Cutts (DR) 51.2% Joseph Leland (F) 47.7% Others 1.0%
	Massachusetts 15 Known as the Cumberland district	Daniel Ilsley	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Ezekiel Whitman (F) 50.9% Daniel Ilsley (DR) 49.1%
	Massachusetts 16 Known as the Lincoln district	Orchard Cook	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Orchard Cook (DR) 50.9% Alden Bradford (F) 48.1% Barzillai Gannett (DR) 1.0%
	Massachusetts 17 Known as the Kennebec district	John Chandler	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Barzillai Gannett (DR) 50.6% Thomas Rice (F) 48.7%

In the 7th district, there were 430 votes for "Charles Turner" which were counted separately from Charles Turner, Jr. (DR). This caused the vote tally to be William Baylies (F) 1,828 (49.4%), Charles Turner, Jr. (DR) 1,443 (39.0%), "Charles Turner" 430 (11.6%). As no candidate had a majority, a second election was held on January 19, 1809 which elected Baylies with 54.3% of the vote. Turner successfully contested this election, and was subsequently declared the winner based on the first ballot, with the second invalidated. He was seated June 8, 1809^[2]

In the 10th district, Jabez Upham (F) resigned sometime in 1810 and was replaced in a special election by Joseph Allen (F).

In the 11th district, William Stedman (F) resigned July 10, 1810 and was replaced in a special election by Abijah Bigelow (F)

New Hampshire

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
New Hampshire at-large 5 seats on a general ticket	Peter Carleton	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Federalist gain	William Hale (F) 11.1% Nathaniel A. Haven (F) 11.1% John C. Chamberlain (F) 11.0% Daniel Blaisdell (F) 11.0% James Wilson (F) 11.0% Francis Gardner (DR) 9.0% Jedediah K. Smith (DR) 9.0% Daniel Durell (DR) 9.0% Charles Cutts (DR) 9.0% Clement Storer (DR) 9.0%
	Daniel M. Durell	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain
	Francis Gardner	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain
	Jedediah K. Smith	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain
	Clement Storer	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain

New Jersey

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket	Adam Boyd	Democratic-Republican	1808 (special)	Re-elected	Henry Southard (DR) 9.4% Adam Boyd (DR) 9.4% William Helms (DR) 9.4% Thomas Newbold (DR) 9.3% James Cox (DR) 9.3% Jacob Hufty (DR) 9.3% John Beatty (DR) 7.4% William Campfield (F) 7.4% William Coxe, Jr. (F) 7.4% John Neilson (F) 7.3% Aaron Ogden (F) 7.3% Samuel Harrison (F) 7.3%
	Thomas Newbold	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected
	William Helms	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	John Lambert	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
	Henry Southard	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	James Sloan	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold

Cox died on September 12, 1810. The resulting vacancy was filled in a special election by John A. Scudder (DR).

New York

Between the 1806 and 1808 elections, New York went through a re-districting that reduced the number of districts to 15 by creating two plural districts with two seats each.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
New York 1	Samuel Riker	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Ebenezer Sage (DR) 38.7% Benjamin B. Blydenburgh (F) 38.3% John W. Seaman (DR) 23.0%
New York 2 Plural district with 2 seats	Gurdon S. Mumford Redistricted from the 2nd/3rd district	Democratic-Republican	1804 (Special)	Re-elected	William Denning (DR) 28.6% Gurdon S. Mumford (DR) 28.5% William Henderson (F) 21.5% Barent Gardenier (F) 21.4%
	George Clinton, Jr. Redistricted from the 2nd/3rd district	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
New York 3	John Blake, Jr. Redistricted from the 5th district	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Jonathan Fisk (DR) (53.3%) Richard Hatfield (F) 46.7%
New York 4	Daniel C. Verplanck Redistricted from the 6th district	Democratic-Republican	1803 (special)	Retired Federalist gain	James Emott (F) 74.3% Robert Johnston (DR) 25.7%
New York 5	Barent Gardenier Redistricted from the 7th district	Federalist	1806	Re-elected	Barent Gardenier (F) 56.5% John Dill (DR) 43.5%
New York 6 Plural district with 2 seats	James I. Van Alen Redistricted from the 8th district	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Herman Knickerbocker (F) 26.2% Robert Le Roy Livingston (F) 26.1% James I. Van Alen (DR) 23.9% James L. Hogeboom (DR) 23.8%
	Josiah Masters Redistricted from the 10th district	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Federalist gain
New York 7	Killian Van Rensselaer Redistricted from the 9th district	Federalist	1800	Re-elected	Killian K. Van Rensselaer (F)[Note 6] George Merchant (DR)
New York 8	John Thompson Redistricted from the 11th district	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	John Thompson (DR) 65.6% William Bailey (F) 34.4%
New York 9	Peter Swart Redistricted from the 13th district	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Federalist gain	Thomas Sammons (F) 63.3% John Herkimer (DR) 36.7%
New York 10	None (District created)			Democratic-Republican gain	John Nicholson (DR) 53.8% Moss Kent (F) 46.2%
New York 11	None (District created)			Federalist gain	Thomas R. Gold (F) 56.4% Joshua Hathaway (F) 43.6%
New York 12	John Russell Redistricted from the 14th district	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Erastus Root (DR) 49.5% Gabriel North (F) 36.7% Ebenezer Foote (F) 13.9%
New York 13	None (District created)			Democratic-Republican gain	Uri Tracy (DR)[Note 6] Isaac Foote (F)
New York 14	John Harris Redistricted from the 17th district	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Vincent Mathews (F) 41.2% John Harris (DR) 23.4% Matthew Carpenter (DR) 21.2% Joseph Glover (DR) 14.2%
New York 15	None (District created)			Democratic-Republican gain	Peter B. Porter (DR) 59.9% Nathaniel W. Howell (F) 40.1%

William Denning (DR) in the 2nd district never took his seat and eventually resigned. The exact date of his resignation has been lost, but a replacement was chosen in a special election held at the same time as the 1810 elections by Samuel L. Mitchill (DR)

North Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
North Carolina 1	Lemuel Sawyer	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Lemuel Sawyer (DR) 67.0% William H. Murfree (F) 33.0%
North Carolina 2	Willis Alston	Democratic-Republican	1798	Re-elected	Willis Alston (DR) 58.0% Daniel Mason (DR) 42.0%
North Carolina 3	Thomas Blount	Democratic-Republican	1793 1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	William Kennedy (DR) 52.0% Thomas Blount (DR) 48.0%
North Carolina 4	William Blackledge	Democratic-Republican	1803	Lost re-election Federalist gain	John Stanly (F) 51.8% William Blackledge (DR) 48.2%
North Carolina 5	Thomas Kenan	Democratic-Republican	1805 (special)	Re-elected	Thomas Kenan (DR) 100%
North Carolina 6	Nathaniel Macon	Democratic-Republican	1791	Re-elected	Nathaniel Macon (DR) 99.9%
North Carolina 7	John Culpepper	Federalist	1806	Lost re-election Federalist hold	Archibald McBryde (F) 54.6% John Culpepper (F) 45.4%
North Carolina 8	Richard Stanford	Democratic-Republican	1796	Re-elected	Richard Stanford (DR) 65.3% Duncan Cameron (F) 34.7%
North Carolina 9	Marmaduke Williams	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	James Cochran (DR) 52.3% Theophilus Lacy (DR) 47.3%
North Carolina 10	Evan S. Alexander	Democratic-Republican	1806 (special)	Retired Federalist gain	Joseph Pearson (F) 63.8% Robert Locke (DR) 36.2%
North Carolina 11	James Holland	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	James Holland (DR) 48.7% Felix Walker (DR) 31.2% John MacClain (F) 9.4% William Tate (F) 8.0% William Porter (F) 2.8%
North Carolina 12	Meshack Franklin	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Meshack Franklin (DR) 54.6% Joseph Winston (DR) 40.5% James Martin (F) 4.9%

Ohio

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Ohio at-large	Jeremiah Morrow	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Jeremiah Morrow (DR) 71.5% Philemon Beecher (F) 28.5%

Pennsylvania

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[3]
Pennsylvania 1 Plural district with 3 seats	Incumbent Joseph Clay (DR) resigned on March 18, 1808			Democratic-Republican hold	Benjamin Say[Note 10] (DR) 18.5% John Porter (DR) 18.5% William Anderson (DR) 18.4% Joseph Hemphill (F) 14.9% Derick Peterson (F) 14.9% Charles W. Hare (F) 14.8%
	Jacob Richards	Democratic-Republican	1802	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
	John Porter	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 3 seats	Robert Brown	Democratic-Republican	1798 (Special)	Re-elected	Robert Brown (DR) 16.9% John Ross (DR) 16.8% William Milnor (F) 16.7% John Pugh (DR) 16.7% John Hahn (DR) 16.6% Roswell Wells (F) 16.4%
	William Milnor	Federalist	1806	Re-elected
	John Pugh	Democratic-Republican	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold
Pennsylvania 3 Plural district with 3 seats	Robert Jenkins	Federalist	1806	Re-elected	Matthias Richards (DR) 17.1% Daniel Hiester (DR) 17.1% Robert Jenkins (F) 16.9% John Whitehill (DR) 16.4% Roger Davis (DR) 16.3% William Witman (DR) 16.2%
	Matthias Richards	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected
	John Hiester	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold
Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats	Robert Whitehill	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Re-elected	Robert Whitehill (DR) 36.7% David Bard (DR) 36.6% John Gloninger (F) 13.5% William Alexander (F) 13.2%
	David Bard	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 5	Daniel Montgomery	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	George Smith (DR) 82.3% John Bull (F) 17.3%
Pennsylvania 6	James Kelly	Federalist	1804	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain	William Crawford (DR) 52.4% James Kelly (F) 47.6%
Pennsylvania 7	John Rea	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected	John Rea (DR) 61.5% Andrew Dunlap (F) 38.5%
Pennsylvania 8	William Findley	Democratic-Republican	1802	Re-elected	William Findley (DR) 45.7% John Kirkpatrick (DR) 29.1% Robert Philson (DR) 25.2%
Pennsylvania 9	John Smilie	Democratic-Republican	1792 1798	Re-elected	John Smilie (DR) 67.3% Thomas Meason (F) 32.7%
Pennsylvania 10	William Hoge	Democratic-Republican	1806	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Aaron Lyle (DR) 76.5% John Hamilton (F) 23.5%
Pennsylvania 11	Samuel Smith	Democratic-Republican	1805 (Special)	Re-elected	Samuel Smith (DR) 68.3% Alexander Foster (F) 31.7%

Benjamin Say (DR) of the 1st district subsequently resigned sometime in 1809 and was replaced in a special election by Adam Seybert (DR)

Rhode Island

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket	Previous incumbent Nehemiah Knight (DR) died June 13, 1808			Federalist gain	Richard Jackson, Jr.[Note 10] (F) 26.6% Elisha R. Potter (F) 26.4% Isaac Wilbour (DR) 23.6% Jonathan Russell (DR) 23.4%
	Isaac Wilbour	Democratic-Republican	1806	Lost re-election Federalist gain

At the same time as the general election for the House of Representatives, a special election was held to fill the vacancy left by Knight's death.

South Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 9]
South Carolina 1 Also known as Charleston district	Robert Marion	Democratic-Republican	1804	Re-elected	Robert Marion (DR) 68.2% Thomas Lowndes (F) 30.1%
South Carolina 2 Also known as Beaufort district	William Butler, Sr.	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	William Butler, Sr. (DR) 96.3% Thomas Deveaux 2.0%
South Carolina 3 Also known as Georgetown district	David R. Williams	Democratic-Republican	1804	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Robert Witherspoon (DR) 72.4% Theodore Gourdin (DR) 27.6%
South Carolina 4 Also known as Orangeburgh district	John Taylor	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	John Taylor (DR) 100%
South Carolina 5 Also known as Sumter district	Richard Winn	Democratic-Republican	1802 (special)	Re-elected	Richard Winn (DR) 53.5% William Ellison 46.5%
South Carolina 6 Also known as Abbeville district	Joseph Calhoun	Democratic-Republican	1807 (special)	Re-elected	Joseph Calhoun (DR) 76.3% William Burnsides 26.7%
South Carolina 7 Also known as Spartanburgh district	Thomas Moore	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	Thomas Moore (DR) 100%
South Carolina 8 Also known as Pendleton district	Lemuel J. Alston	Democratic-Republican	1806	Re-elected	Lemuel J. Alston (DR) 100%

In the 1st district, Robert Marion (DR) resigned on December 4, 1810 and was replaced in a special election by Langdon Cheves (DR)

Tennessee

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates[Note 9]
Tennessee 1 Known as the Washington district	John Rhea	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John Rhea (DR) 100%
Tennessee 2 Known as the Hamilton district	George W. Campbell	Democratic-Republican	1803	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Robert Weakley (DR) 47.4% Abraham Maury (DR) 39.9% James Lyon (DR) 12.6%
Tennessee 3 Known as the Mero district	Jesse Wharton	Democratic-Republican	1807	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Pleasant M. Miller (DR) 77.2% Scattering 22.8%

Vermont

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
					First ballot	Second ballot
Vermont 1 Known as the Southwestern district	Previous incumbent James Witherell (DR) resigned May 1, 1808			Democratic-Republican hold	Samuel Shaw[Note 6] (DR) Nathan Robinson (F) Chauncey Langdon (F) Jonas Galusha (DR)
Vermont 2 Known as the Southeastern district	James Elliot	Federalist	1802	Retired Federalist hold	Jonathan H. Hubbard (F) 45.4% Aaron Leland (DR) 36.2% William Czar Bradley (DR) 14.5% Others 4.0%	Jonathan H. Hubbard (F) 51.6% Aaron Leland (DR) 42.2% William Czar Bradley (DR) 4.3% Elias Keyes (DR) 1.4%
Vermont 3 Known as the Northeastern district	James Fisk	Democratic-Republican	1802	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Jedediah Buckingham (F) 47.9% James Fisk (DR) 47.4% William Chamberlain (F) 2.3% Others 2.3%	William Chamberlain (F) 51.5% James Fisk (DR) 47.7% Others 0.8%
Vermont 4 Known as the Northwestern district	Martin Chittenden	Federalist	1802	Re-elected	Martin Chittenden (F) 59.9% Ezra Butler (DR) 37.6% Others 2.5%

Virginia

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Virginia 1	John G. Jackson	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John G. Jackson (DR) 60.3% Noah Linsey (F) 29.7%
Virginia 2	John Morrow	Democratic-Republican	1805	Lost re-election Federalist gain	James Stephenson (F) 57.6% John Morrow (DR) 42.4%
Virginia 3	John Smith	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Smith (DR) 87.0% Robert Page (F) 13.0%
Virginia 4	David Holmes	Democratic-Republican	1797	Retired Federalist gain	Jacob Swoope (F) 53.7% Daniel Smith (DR) 46.3%
Virginia 5	Alexander Wilson	Democratic-Republican	1804 (special)	Lost re-election Federalist gain	James Breckinridge (F) 56.7% Alexander Wilson (DR) 43.3%
Virginia 6	Abram Trigg	Democratic-Republican	1797	Retired Federalist gain	Daniel Sheffey (F) 66.6% Francis Preston (DR) 33.4%
Virginia 7	Joseph Lewis, Jr.	Federalist	1803	Re-elected	Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F) 62.0% William Tyler (DR) 38.0%
Virginia 8	Walter Jones	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Walter Jones[Note 6] (DR) John Hungerford (DR) John Talavar (DR) Richard Barnes (F)
Virginia 9	John Love	Democratic-Republican	1807	Re-elected	John Love[Note 11] (DR)
Virginia 10	John Dawson	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	John Dawson (DR) 100%
Virginia 11	James M. Garnett	Democratic-Republican	1805	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	John Roane (DR) 53.7% John T. Woodford (F) 46.3%
Virginia 12	Burwell Bassett	Democratic-Republican	1805	Re-elected	Burwell Bassett (DR) 57.4% John Eyre (F) 42.6%
Virginia 13	William A. Burwell	Democratic-Republican	1806 (special)	Re-elected	William A. Burwell (DR) 100%
Virginia 14	Matthew Clay	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	Matthew Clay (DR) 100%
Virginia 15	John Randolph	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	John Randolph (DR) 71.5% Jerman Baker (DR) 28.5%
Virginia 16	John W. Eppes	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	John W. Eppes (DR) 100%
Virginia 17	Thomas Gholson, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1808 (special)	Re-elected	Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR) 94.9% Jarvis Northampton (F) 5.1%
Virginia 18	Peterson Goodwyn	Democratic-Republican	1803	Re-elected	Peterson Goodwyn (DR) 70.5% John Pegram (F?) 29.5%
Virginia 19	Edwin Gray	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	Edwin Gray (DR) 54.5% Richard Byrd 37.5% William Massenburg (DR) 8.0%
Virginia 20	Thomas Newton, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	Thomas Newton, Jr. (DR) 60.1% Robert B. Tayler (F) 39.9%
Virginia 21	Wilson C. Nicholas	Democratic-Republican	1807	Re-elected	Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) 100%
Virginia 22	John Clopton	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Clopton 80.7% (DR) Charles Dabney (Quid) 19.3%

In the 1st district, John G. Jackson (DR) resigned September 28, 1810 due to injuries received after a duel with fellow Congressman Joseph Pearson (F) of North Carolina and was replaced by William McKinley (DR) in a special election.

In the 21st district, Wilson C. Nicholas (DR) resigned on November 27, 1809, and was replaced in a special election by David S. Garland (DR).

Non-voting delegates

Three territories sent non-voting delegates to the 11th Congress.

District	Incumbent	First elected	Result	Candidates
Indiana Territory at-large	Indiana Territory did not elect a delegate before the 11th Congress convened			Jonathan Jennings 46.6% Thomas Randolph 43.8% John Johnson 8.8%
Mississippi Territory at-large	George Poindexter	1806	Re-elected	George Poindexter[Note 12] Thomas H. Williams Others
Orleans Territory at-large	Daniel Clark	1806	Retired	Julien de L. Poydras 20 Watkins[Note 13] 5

In Indiana Territory, Thomas Randolph unsuccessfully contested the election of Jennings. This was the first election for Delegate in Indiana Territory to be decided by popular vote rather than by the legislature. Mississippi Territory also elected its delegate by popular vote. Orleans Territory retained legislative election of its delegate.

See also

• United States elections, 1808
  • List of United States House of Representatives elections, 1789–1822
  • United States Senate elections, 1808 and 1809
  • United States presidential election, 1808
• 10th United States Congress
• 11th United States Congress

Notes

1. Figures here match Dubin (p. 42, which includes "87 Republicans, 1 Independent Republican, and 6 Quids", in addition to "48 Federalists"), but are different than those given by Martis (p. 80), and "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives., which both report 92 Democrat-Republicans, and 50 Federalists.
2. Includes 1 plural district
3. Redistricted, includes 2 plural districts
4. Includes 4 plural districts
5. Majority required for election which was not met in two districts, necessitating a second election, held on December 13, 1808
6. Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data
7. Elected in subsequent special election
8. In Vermont
9. Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed
10. Won special election to fill vacancy in 10th Congress
11. Source does not have numbers of votes, but provides a citation stating that he was "elected without opposition in one county and by a great majority in the other" , his opponent or opponents in that county is not given
12. Electoral data in source are incomplete, the top two candidates received 1,067 and 657 votes respectively, numbers of votes for the other candidates is only reported for some counties
13. Source does not give full name

References

1. Dubin, p. 42.
2. Eleventh Congress (membership roster)
3. Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project

Bibliography

• "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)