New England Highway

This article is about the New England Highway in Australia. For the system of numbered highways in New England, USA, from 1922 to 1927, see New England Interstate Highways.

New England Highway Queensland–New South Wales

General information
Type	Highway
Length	878 km (546 mi)^[1]
Route number(s)	A3 (Yarraman–Warwick) A15 (Warwick–NSW/Qld Border) A15 (NSW/Qld Border–Branxton) A43 (Branxton–Beresfield) A1/A43 (Beresfield–Hexham)
Major junctions
North end	D'Aguilar Highway Yarraman, Queensland
	Esk-Hampton Road Warrego Highway Gore Highway Cunningham Highway Bruxner Highway Gwydir Highway Waterfall Way Oxley Highway Fossickers Way Oxley Highway Kamilaroi Highway Putty Road Golden Highway Hunter Expressway John Renshaw Drive
South end	Pacific Highway Pacific Highway Hexham, New South Wales
Location(s)
Major settlements	Crows Nest, Toowoomba, Warwick, Tenterfield, Glen Innes, Armidale, Tamworth, Muswellbrook, Maitland
Highway system
Highways in Australia National Highway • Freeways in Australia Highways in Queensland Highways in New South Wales
Infobox instructions guidelines examples talk

The New England Highway is an 878-kilometre (546 mi) long^[1] highway in Australia running from Hexham at Newcastle, New South Wales at its southern end to Yarraman near Toowoomba, Queensland at its northern end.

At its southern end it connects to the Pacific Highway and at its northern end it connects to the D'Aguilar Highway. It traverses the Hunter Valley, New England, Southern and Darling Downs regions.

Introduction

The New England Highway forms the major part of the 1,047-kilometre (651 mi) Sydney–Brisbane national highway route. This route follows the Pacific Motorway (part of national route 1), most of the New England and part of the Cunningham Highway (the parts forming national route 15). The New England Highway north of Warwick is not part of the national highway system.

The New England Highway is numbered as part of national route 15 between Hexham and Warwick and part of national route 42 from Warwick to Toowoomba, then Queensland state route 85 from Toowoomba to Hampton, and Queensland state route 61 from Hampton to Yarraman. The highway terminates at Yarraman.

History

The New England Highway has its origins in the track which developed north from Newcastle to reach the prime wool growing areas of the New England region which Europeans settled following expeditions by NSW Surveyor-General John Oxley in 1818 and botanist Allan Cunningham in 1827 and 1829. It became known as the Great Northern Road.^[2]

Improvement was limited during the 19th century, initially due to the lack of traffic and funding, then the transfer of traffic from road to the parallel railway which opened in stages between 1857 and 1888 between Newcastle and Wallangarra.

When the NSW main road system was reorganised in August 1928, the Great Northern Road was gazetted as part of state highway 9, the Great Northern Highway. State highway 9 stretched from Milsons Point on the north shore of Sydney Harbour (at that time the Sydney Harbour Bridge was still under construction) via the under-construction road from Hornsby to Gosford (completed 1930), then via Newcastle to Hexham then to Tenterfield. From Tenterfield it continued to the Queensland border near Mount Lindesay. The only major change to this route since its designation has been a re-routing between Tenterfield and the NSW/Queensland border.^[2]

In 1931, state highway 10, the North Coast Highway, which commenced at Hexham and extended to Tweed Heads, was renamed the Pacific Highway and extended south to Milsons Point, so that state highway 9 began at Hexham, as it does today. In 1933 the Great Northern Highway was renamed the New England Highway.^[2]

In 1954 main road 374, running from Tenterfield to Wallangarra, was redesignated as part of state highway 9 and named as part of the New England Highway, and the section of the New England Highway from Tenterfield to Mount Lindesay was renumbered as state highway 24 and renamed the Mount Lindesay Highway.^[3] The rerouting of the New England Highway to run from Tenterfield to Wallangarra rather than to Mount Lindesay was due to the construction of a sealed road from Boonah through Cunninghams Gap to Warwick in the early 1950s. The sealed road encouraged much more traffic to travel from Brisbane to Tenterfield via Warwick than via Mount Lindesay and the unsealed route on to Tenterfield.^[2]

At the time of the rerouting of the New England Highway to Wallangarra and the naming of the Mount Lindesay Highway, arrangements were made by the NSW Department of Main Roads with the Queensland Main Roads Department to name the onward routes from Wallangarra and Mount Lindesay to Brisbane as the New England and Mount Lindesay Highways respectively. At this time they were allocated the national route numbers of 15 for the New England Highway Hexham-Brisbane and 13 for the Mount Lindesay Highway Brisbane-Tenterfield.

Former allocations

National Route 42 (1974-unknown)
(Yarraman–Warwick)
National Highway 15 (1974-unknown)
(Warwick-NSW/Qld Border)
National Route 15 (1955-1974)
National Highway 15 (1974-2013)
(NSW/Qld Border-Newcastle)

National highway function

The national highway network is a subset of the national routes for which the Commonwealth, rather than the state governments, has responsibility for maintenance and upgrading. When the national highway network was established in 1974 national route 15 was designated as part of the national network. This route number covers the New England Highway, from Hexham to Warwick, which is the majority of the highway.

Between Warwick and Tamworth the New England Highway, as well as being part of the national route between Sydney and Brisbane, is also an important interstate link between Queensland and Victoria, connecting to Melbourne via the Oxley Highway to the Newell Highway (which becomes the Goulburn Valley Highway where it crosses the Murray River).

Whilst, as a national highway, the New England Highway is part of the official major route between Sydney and Brisbane, most traffic uses the parallel Pacific Highway. Rapid growth of population and tourism along the NSW North Coast since the 1970s led to the Commonwealth and NSW governments jointly funding reconstruction of the Pacific Highway to freeway standard from the early 1990s onward (see separate entry on the Pacific Highway). As a result, the New England Highway has become the only national highway in Australia with a lower intercapital traffic volume than an alternative route.

Route numbering

The numbering of the New England Highway is confused by the fact that route names and numbers in Australia are often not contiguous or consistent with each other. In addition, in Queensland there have been numerous name and number changes and extensions to the New England Highway since 1970.

At the time of the rerouting of the New England Highway to Wallangarra and the naming of the Mount Lindesay Highway, arrangements were made by the NSW Department of Main Roads with the Queensland Main Roads Department to name the onward routes from Wallangarra and Mount Lindesay to Brisbane as the New England and Mount Lindesay Highways respectively. At this time they were allocated the national route numbers of 15 for the New England Highway Hexham-Tenterfield-Warwick-Brisbane and 13 for the Mount Lindesay Highway Brisbane-Tenterfield.

In the 1970s, the Queensland Main Roads Department rerouted the designation of the New England Highway north of Warwick to follow the former Lockyer-Darling Downs Highway (national route 17) so that it terminated in Toowoomba. The section of the highway between Brisbane and Warwick was renamed as part of the Cunningham Highway, which until that time had extended only westward from Warwick to Goondiwindi. The rerouted section of the New England Highway from Warwick to Toowoomba was renumbered from 17 to become part of national route 42, which until then also had only extended westward from Warwick to Goondiwindi. In the 1990s, the Queensland Main Roads Department again extended the name New England Highway, north from Toowoomba to the D'Aguilar Highway at Yarraman, but this section carries state route number 85 as far as Hampton, and state route number 61 to Yarraman, rather than a national route number. However north of Toowoomba it carries little traffic and performs a regional rather than a national function.

In September 2012, NSW Roads and Maritime Services announced that it would be introducing alpha-numeric route numbering across New South Wales during early 2013.^[4] As part of this scheme the New England Highway was identified as route A15 from the New South Wales-Queensland border to the northern terminus of the Hunter Expressway at Belford, where it became route A43 to the end of the highway at Hexham. The route 15 designation was carried towards Newcastle by the Hunter Expressway (as route M15) to its southern terminus at the Pacific Motorway at Cameron Park, then by Newcastle Link Road, Thomas Street, Newcastle Road, Griffiths Road, Donald Street and Parry Street to the intersection with the Pacific Highway in Newcastle West (as route A15).

Major junctions

State	LGA / LGA	Location	km^[1]	mi	Destinations	Notes
Queensland	Toowoomba	Yarraman	0	0.0	D'Aguilar Highway (A3) – Nanango, Goomeri, Biloela D'Aguilar Highway (A17) – Caboolture, Esk, Ipswich	T intersection northern terminus; north (A3) and southeast (A17) as the D'Aguilar Highway
	Toowoomba	Wutul	33	21	Oakey Cooyar Road (SR68) – Oakey	T intersection; New England Highway continues southeast
	Crows Nest Creek		74	46	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Toowoomba	Hampton	86	53	Esk Hampton Road (SR85) – Esk	Four-way intersection; northern concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues south
		Toowoomba	118	73	Warrego Highway (A2) – Gatton, Ipswich	Four-way intersection; eastern concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues west
			119	74	Warrego Highway (A2) – Dalby	Four-way intersection; western concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues south
			119	74	Gore Highway (A39) (SR85) – Goondiwindi	Four-way intersection; southern concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues south
		Cambooya	133	83	Drayton Connection Road – Drayton, Toowoomba	Y intersection; New England Highway continues south
		Cambooya	137	85	Cambooya Connection Road (SR48) – Karara	T intersection; New England Highway continues south
		Clifton	162	101	Gatton Cliftonn Road (SR80) – Gatton	T intersection; New England Highway continues south
	Southern Downs	Glengallan	188	117	Cunningham Highway (A15) – Ipswich, Warwick	Directional T interchange; southern terminus as ; northern concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway and Cunningham Highway continus south
	Condamine River		199	124	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Southern Downs	Warwick	202	126	Cunningham Highway (42) – Goondiwindi	4-way intersection; southern terminus as ; New England Highway continus south
	Southern Downs	Stanthorpe	137	85	Wallangarra Road – Stanthorpe to	Directional T interchange; New England Highway continues south
Queensland – New South Wales state border			299	186	Queensland – New South Wales state border
New South Wales	Tenterfield	Tenterfield	313	194	Bruxner Highway (no shield) – Boggabilla	Uncontrolled 4-way intersection; northern concurrency terminus; New England Highway continues south
	Tenterfield	Tenterfield	318	198	Bruxner Highway (SR80) – Casino, Lismore, Ballina	Uncontrolled 4-way intersection; southern concurrency terminus; New England Highway continues south
	Deepwater River		370	230	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Glen Innes Severn	Glen Innes	409	254	Gwydir Highway (B76) – Inverell, Warialda, Moree	Uncontrolled 4-way intersection; northern concurrency terminus; New England Highway continues south
	Glen Innes Severn	Glen Innes	409	254	Gwydir Highway (B76) – Grafton	Uncontrolled 4-way intersection; southern concurrency terminus; New England Highway continues south
	Armidale	Armidale	511	318	Waterfall Road (B78) – Grafton	Roundabout; New England Highway continues south
	Armidale	Bendemeer	576	358	Oxley Highway (B56) – Walcha, Wauchope, Port Macquarie	T intersection; northern concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues south
	Tamworth	Tamworth	616	383	Oxley Highway (B56) – Gunnedah, Coonabarabran to Manilla Road (B95) – Manilla, Warialda	Roundabout; southern concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues south
	Peel River		613	381	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Liverpool Plains	Willow Tree	684	425	Kamilaroi Highway (B51) – Gunnedah, Narrabri, Walgett, Bourke	Directional T interchange; New England Highway continues south
	Pages River		703	437	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Pages River		707	439	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Pages River		710	440	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Hunter River		755	469	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Muswellbrook	Muswellbrook	769	478	Denman Road – Denman	T intersection; New England Highway continues southeast
	Hunter River		815	506	Bridge over the river (no known name)
	Singleton	Whittingham	827	514	Golden Highway (B84) – Denman, Merriwa, Dunedoo, Dubbo	T intersection; New England Highway continues southeast
		Belford	835	519	Hunter Expressway (M15) – West Wallsend, Newcastle	T intersection; transitions to ; incomplete access to/from the New England Highway (no shield) as it continues east
		Branxton	838	521	Clift Street to Wine Country Drive (B82) – Rothbury, Pokolbin, Cessnock	T intersection; New England Highway (no shield) continues east
		Branxton	840	520	unnamed road (A43) to Hunter Expressway (M15) – Singleton, Newcastle	Y intersection; New England Highway transitions to and continues southeast
	Maitland	Maitland	862	536	Cessnock Road – Kurri Kurri, Cessnock	Roundabout; New England Highway continues southeast
	Newcastle	Tarro	875	544	John Renshaw Drive (A1) – Raymond Terrace, Taree, Kempsey, Coffs Harbour, Brisbane	Directional T interchange; incomplete northwest concurrency terminus as ; New England Highway continues southeast
	Newcastle	Hexham	879	546	Pacific Highway (A1) – Newcastle, Raymond Terrace, Taree, Kempsey, Brisbane	Directional T interchange; southeast concurrency terminus as ; southeastern terminus; continues east and north as the Pacific Highway
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus Incomplete access Route transition

Track

From Brisbane, National Highway 15 (green) follows the Cunningham Highway until Warwick where it then follows southwards, the New England Highway ...

... through Armidale, Tamworth, Maitland and Hexham where it joins the Pacific Highway

The first section of the New England Highway west from Hexham to Maitland is dual carriageway, with the towns en route to Maitland bypassed. This section is partially grade separated, and carries heavy amounts of local traffic, with a large proportion of the traffic being trucks. In Maitland the highway continues via a dual carriageway CBD bypass to Telarah, from which point it reverts to single carriageway. Beyond Maitland, the only sections of dual carriageway are through Belford Forest west of Branxton (1998), the 1966 deviation necessitated by the creation of Lake Liddell near Muswellbrook, the crossing of the Liverpool Range at Nowlands Gap immediately north of Murrurundi (stage 1 1994, stage 2 1997), through South Tamworth, and the ascent of the Moonbi Range between Tamworth and Bendemeer (1982).

As far as Muswellbrook the highway carries heavy industrial traffic associated with the extensive coal mining in the Hunter Valley. Duplication of the highway and bypasses of towns as far as Muswellbrook is proposed by the Roads and Traffic Authority, but no funding has yet been allocated for these proposals, and the only bypass for which an alignment has been adopted is that of Muswellbrook. Beyond Muswellbrook traffic volumes do not justify dual carriageways on most sections of the highway. The main substandard sections of the highway are generally in the upper Hunter Valley around Parkville, Wingen and Blandford. Once the highway climbs the Liverpool Range to the Northern Tablelands, most sections provide excellent driving.

In recent years the main upgrading activities in the Highway have been the deviation and duplication through Belford Forest, deviation and duplication over the Liverpool Range immediately north of Murrurundi, the Tamworth CBD bypass (an upgrading of an existing road), the Bendemeer bypass, the Armidale bypass, and deviations at Black Mountain and the Devils Pinch north of Armidale.

Long lengths of the New England Highway are subject to severe frost and snowfall, with the 350 km section from the Moonbi Ranges to Stanthorpe located at high altitudes. The highest point on the Highway is where it crosses the Ben Lomond Range halfway between Armidale and Glen Innes.

Speed cameras have been installed on the New England Highway at:

Lochinvar – between Robert Road and Station Lane
Scone – between Eveleigh Circuit and Forbes Street
Blandford – between Hayles Street and Mills Street
Ben Lomond – between Ross Road and Ben Lomond Road
Tenterfield – between Duncan Street and George Street.

Intersection of New England Highway and Golden Highway between Branxton and Singleton

Thunderbolts Rocks, New England Highway (south of Uralla), where Thunderbolt conducted some of his robberies.

Statue of Captain Thunderbolt at the intersection of New England Highway and Thunderbolts Way, Uralla, NSW

Highway improvements

The major projects that have upgraded the New England Highway since World War II include^[5] the bypasses of Allora, Armidale, Bendemeer, Liddell, Maitland, Stanthorpe, Tamworth, and Tarro-Beresfield; duplications at Aberdeen for northbound traffic over an 1893 bridge, between Beresfield and East Maitland, at the First Moonbi Hill, between Hexham and Tarro (including the Tarro railway overpass), Liverpool Range, and at Scone; deviations at Barleyfields (near Uralla), Belford Forest, Devil's Pinch, between Guyra and Llangothlin, Halcombe Hill, over the Liverpool Range (including a dual carriageway), over the Rose Valley Creek, and at Singleton; and replacement or construction of bridges at Blandford and Glencoe.

The 40-kilometre (25 mi) Hunter Expressway created a freeway standard route between Cameron Park and Belford Forest in March 2014, with significant traffic reduction through Maitland and adjacent settlements.

Current projects

Current projects include Maitland roundabout improvements (expected completion mid-2014), Rutherford safety improvements (expected completion Dec 2014), and Toowoomba bypass - new bridge near Mount Kynoch (expected completion of bypass mid/late 2018).

Future projects

Future projects include:

Maitland Railway Station roundabout eastbound overpass (construction expected to begin late-2014, complete late-2015)
Belford to Golden Highway - New England Highway Duplication (no date, conceptual only at this stage)
Singleton Railway underpass upgrade (no date, preferred route options under investigation)
Singleton bypass (no date, conceptual plan only)
Muswellbrook bypass (single carriageway, 6 km) (no date, land reserved in council LEP)
Scone rail level crossing upgrade (no date, route options under investigation)
Bolivia Hill upgrade or deviation, north of Deepwater (no date, conceptual only at this stage)
Tenterfield bypass (no date, conceptual only at this stage)

Cities and towns

From its junction with the Pacific Highway at Hexham, 12 km (7 mi) inland from Newcastle the New England Highway connects the following cities and towns:

New South Wales

Maitland

Maitland was the original centre of European settlement in the Hunter Valley. In the early 19th century the focus was on food rather than coal, and the rich river flats around Maitland provided food for the young colony. It was not until the late 19th century that Newcastle eclipsed Maitland as the centre of the Hunter Valley. Nonetheless, Maitland retains a major role as an industrial centre, with a population of 55,000. In 1955 the city was severely damaged by flooding of the Hunter River. To the north of Maitland are the small towns of Greta and Branxton.

Singleton

Approximate distances in kilometres from Newcastle

New England Highway on the 1st Moonbi Hill.

Singleton is the major centre for the mid-Hunter Region, with 13,000 residents. Although the Singleton district is dotted with vineyards and the town has grown in the past three decades, unlike many other country towns, this was due to employment in the coalmining industry and as a dormitory for Newcastle. A major army base is located nearby. The scenic but isolated Putty Road (state route 69) connects Singleton with Windsor and Sydney's northwestern suburbs.

Muswellbrook

Muswellbrook is the major centre of the Upper Hunter Valley, with a population of over 12,000. Nearby are two of NSW's two major power stations – Liddell (built 1968) and Bayswater (built 1981), which together account for over 40% of the electricity produced in NSW. The town has wide streets set in a sweeping pastoral landscape, and St Alban's Anglican church in the town was designed by famous English architect Giles Gilbert Scott. Muswellbrook is the centre of major coal mining and wine producing areas, as well as thoroughbred horse breeding and agriculture.

Scone

Scone and the nearby town of Aberdeen are renowned for their thoroughbred stud farms, with Scone regarded as the horse capital of Australia. Around Scone the Hunter Valley narrows and the sandstone escarpments enclosing the valley provide a stunning backdrop to the rolling green hills of the valley floor. North of Scone and adjacent to the Highway is Mount Wingen – the Burning Mountain – where a light but constant plume of smoke issues from fissures in the ground, caused by lightning setting fire to coal seams close to the surface tens of thousands of years ago. A little further north is the town of Murrurundi.

Tamworth

Set on the Peel River, Tamworth is one of the largest cities in inland northern NSW with 50,000 inhabitants, and is the centre of a rich agricultural district. It is also a thriving industrial and commercial centre. Famous as the 'Country Music Capital' of Australia and its annual Tamworth Country Music Festival. The Australian Equine and Livestock Events Centre (AELEC) is located on the New England Highway on the southern outskirts of the city. In 1888 it became the first town in Australia to install electric street lighting. The small settlements of Bendemeer and Uralla are located north of Tamworth on the highway.

Armidale

Located on the Northern Tablelands, Armidale's high altitude of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) gives it four pronounced seasons. It is also the hub of a thriving pastoral area famous for its high quality wool. The University of New England, established in 1954, and is the main seat of learning in inland northern NSW and is a major employer. The student population makes up a significant proportion of the city's population of 22,000. Armidale features beautiful landscapes, parks and historic buildings. Also of note is the Hinton Art Gallery, which houses the Felton Bequest, a significant collection of work by Australian artists. Guyra is a small town located further north.

Glen Innes

Glen Innes is a Celtic-flavoured town that owes much to the Scottish settlers who came to the district in the 1830s. A monument commemorates the part they played. 40 km east of Glen Innes along the Gwydir Highway are the world heritage areas of the Washpool rainforests.

Tenterfield

Bluff Rock, New England Highway, Tenterfield, NSW

Tenterfield is known as the Birthplace of Federation, being the town where NSW Premier Henry Parkes delivered his Tenterfield Oration, making the case for federation of the colonies into the Commonwealth of Australia. The architecture of the 1886 railway station is of note for its ornateness and excellent state of preservation. It is also the hometown of the entertainer Peter Allen.

Sunnyside rail bridge over Tenterfield Creek, as seen from the New England Highway, 2015

From Tenterfield to the Queensland border, the highway runs adjacent to the New South Wales' main northern railway line. The line is no longer used and the Sunnyside railway bridge's disrepair is clearly visible from the highway.^[6]

Queensland

Wallangarra

The New England Highway crosses the State border into Queensland at Wallangarra, famous for the railway break of gauge on the only rail link between Sydney and Brisbane from 1888 until the coastal standard gauge line was completed in 1930. Much of the railway yards needed for transhipping passengers and goods between the trains on the two different gauges remains.

Stanthorpe

Stanthorpe is located just off the New England Highway, set at a high altitude in granite country and famous for its wineries and orchards. The outstanding Girraween National Park to the south of Stanthorpe has excellent bushwalking and rockclimbing.

Warwick

A major centre of the Southern Downs with a population of 11,000, Warwick is set in rolling pastoral country on the banks of the Condamine River. Famous for its rose gardens and rodeo. From 15 km north of Warwick, national route 15 turns east to Cunninghams Gap and down into the Brisbane Valley via the Cunningham Highway to reach Ipswich. From here Brisbane is only another 30 km.

Toowoomba

With a population of 160,000, Toowoomba is one of Australia's major regional cities, as well as the second largest inland city in Australia . Noted for its beautiful gardens as result of rich volcanic soils, it is home to the University of Southern Queensland and is the commercial and administrative centre of the Darling Downs region.

References

1 2 3 "1 New England Highway, Yarraman QLD 4614 to 187 Maitland Road, Hexham NSW 2322". Google Maps. Google Inc. 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
1 2 3 4 "New England Highway : History and Development". Ozroads. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
↑ "Munruben". Suburbs. Logan City Council. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
↑ "Alpha-numeric route numbers". NSW Roads and Maritime Services. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
↑ "New England Highway (NSW)". Ozroads. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
↑ "Sunnyside rail bridge over Tenterfield Creek". Office of Environment and Heritage. New South Wales Government. Retrieved 6 June 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to New England Highway.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for New England Highway.

New England Highway

Road infrastructure in Newcastle

Pacific Motorway (M1) Hunter Expressway (M15) Newcastle Link Road (A15) Newcastle Inner City Bypass (A37) Pacific Highway (A1/A43) New England Highway (A43) Hunter Street Beaumont Street

Road infrastructure in regional New South Wales

Motorways	Hume Motorway Hunter Expressway Pacific Motorway (Brisbane–Brunswick Heads) Pacific Motorway (Sydney–Newcastle) Princes Motorway

National highways	Barton Highway Federal Highway Hume Highway New England Highway Newell Highway Sturt Highway

Highways	Barrier Highway Bruxner Highway Carnarvon Highway Castlereagh Highway Cobb Highway Great Western Highway Gwydir Highway Illawarra Highway Kamilaroi Highway Kings Highway Mid-Western Highway Mitchell Highway Monaro Highway Murray Valley Highway Olympic Highway Oxley Highway Pacific Highway Princes Highway Riverina Highway Silver City Highway Snowy Mountains Highway

Local highways	Alpine Way Appin Road Barry Way Bathurst-Ilford Road Bells Line of Road Bucketts Way Burley Griffin Way Bylong Valley Way Camden Valley Way Castlereagh Highway Central Coast Highway Escort Way Fossickers Way Golden Highway Goldfields Way Goulburn-Oberon Road Henry Lawson Way Irrigation Way Kidman Way Lachlan Valley Way Memorial Drive Newcastle Inner City Bypass Newcastle Link Road O'Connell Road Old Hume Highway Picton Road Princes Highway Putty Road Remembrance Drive Summerland Way Thunderbolts Way Waterfall Way Wombeyan Caves Road Yass Valley Way

Bridges	Denison Bridge Grafton Bridge Harwood Bridge Hampden Bridge Macleay River Bridge Martin Bridge Mooney Mooney Bridge Nowra Bridge Sea Cliff Bridge Tea Gardens-Hawks Nest Bridge

Tunnels	Cudgen Road Tunnel St Helena Tunnel

Proposals	Sydney Bypass

Road infrastructure in Queensland

Motorways	Airport Link Bruce Highway Clem Jones Tunnel Centenary Motorway Gateway Motorway Inner City Bypass Ipswich Motorway Legacy Way Logan Motorway Pacific Motorway (Brisbane–Brunswick Heads) Port of Brisbane Motorway Smith Street Motorway Sunshine Motorway Western Freeway

National highways	Barkly Highway Bruce Highway Cunningham Highway Gore Highway Landsborough Highway Leichhardt Highway New England Highway Warrego Highway

Highways	Balonne Highway Barwon Highway Brisbane Valley Highway Burnett Highway Bunya Highway Capricorn Highway Captain Cook Highway Carnarvon Highway Castlereagh Highway D'Aguilar Highway Dawson Highway Donohue Highway Flinders Highway Gold Coast Highway Gregory Highway Isis Highway Kennedy Highway Leichhardt Highway Mitchell Highway Moonie Highway Mount Lindesay Highway Mulligan Highway Outback Highway Palmerston Highway Peak Downs Highway Wide Bay Highway

Developmental roads / Outback tracks	Bamaga Road (Telegraph Road) Birdsville Track Burke Developmental Road Bulloo Developmental Road Cooper Developmental Road Diamantina Developmental Road Eyre Developmental Road Fitzroy Developmental Road Gregory Developmental Road Gulf Developmental Road Kennedy Developmental Road Peninsula Developmental Road Savannah Way Suttor Developmental Road Wills Developmental Road

Proposals	Bruce Highway Upgrade Mackay Ring Road Toowoomba Second Range Crossing Townsville Ring Road Kenmore Bypass

Significant places and items of interest in the Hunter Region of New South Wales

Commerce and industry

Industry	Cardiff Locomotive Workshops Forgacs Shipyard Hunter Valley Coal Chain Hunter Valley wine Kia-Ora stud Kooragang Island Newcastle Port Corporation Tomago aluminium smelter

Shopping	Charlestown Square Hunter Street Stockland Glendale Stockland Green Hills Westfield Kotara

Other	National Stock Exchange of Australia

Education

Primary	Avondale School Hunter Valley Grammar School Kahibah Public School Newcastle Grammar School

Secondary	All Saints College, St Joseph's Campus Avondale School Callaghan College Waratah Technology Campus Hunter School of the Performing Arts Hunter Valley Grammar School Irrawang High School Lambton High School Maitland Grossmann High School Maitland High School Merewether High School Newcastle Grammar School Newcastle High School Rutherford Technology High School Tomaree High School

Tertiary	Avondale College Hunter TAFE University of Newcastle

Entertainment, sport and culture

Broadmeadow Basketball Stadium Dungog Film Festival Hunter Valley Steamfest Newcastle Civic Theatre Newcastle Entertainment Centre Newcastle International Sports Centre Newcastle Number 1 Sports Ground Newcastle Regional Show Newcastle 500

Geography

General	Broughton Island Burning Mountain Cape Hawke Glenrock Lagoon Lake Chichester Lake Macquarie Myall Lakes Mount Royal Range Mount Sugarloaf Port Stephens Stockton Beach Tops to Myall Heritage Trail

National parks and nature reserves	Barrington Tops Black Bulga State Conservation Area Booti Booti Ghin-Doo-Ee Mount Royal Myall Lakes Tomaree Towarri Wallingat Watagans Werakata The Glen

Rivers	Allyn Avon Barrington Bow Bylong Chichester Gloucester Goulburn Hunter Karuah Manning Myall Pages Paterson Wangat Williams Worondi Rivulet

Historical

Air transport

Broadmeadow Aerodrome

Defence

Education

Newcastle Boys' High School

General

Industry

Maritime

Natural disasters

People

Rail

General	3801 steam locomotive Broadmeadow Locomotive Depot Hunter Valley Railway Trust Hunter Valley Steamfest Murulla rail accident Newcastle Flyer Richmond Vale Railway Museum

Railway lines	Belmont Morpeth Fernleigh Track Richmond Vale Railway South Maitland Railway Toronto

Railway stations	Allandale Antiene Belford Blackalls Park Civic Dingadee Farley Grasstree Minimbah Newcastle Nundah Ravensworth Toronto Wickham Whittingham

Trams	Trams in Newcastle West Wallsend Steam Tram Line

Wine making

Lindemans (wine)

World War II

Infrastructure

Transport

Road	Beaumont Street Bus routes in Newcastle, New South Wales Bucketts Way Golden Highway Hunter Expressway New England Highway Newcastle Inner City Bypass Newcastle Link Road Pacific Highway Putty Road Sydney-Newcastle Freeway Tea Gardens-Hawks Nest Bridge Thunderbolts Way

Railway lines	Main North Newcastle

Railway stations	Aberdeen Adamstown Awaba Beresfield Booragul Branxton Broadmeadow Cardiff Cockle Creek Dora Creek Dungog East Maitland Fassifern Greta Hamilton Hexham High Street Hilldale Kotara Lochinvar Maitland Martins Creek Metford Mindaribba Morisset Muswellbrook Paterson Sandgate Scone Singleton Tarro Telarah Teralba Thornton Victoria Street Wallarobba Warabrook Waratah Wirragulla Wyee

Bus	Busways Hunter Valley Buses Newcastle Buses & Ferries Port Stephens Coaches Rover Coaches Sid Fogg's

Air	Cessnock Airport Maitland Airport Newcastle Airport Scone Airport

Utilities

Electricity generation	Bayswater Power Station Eraring Power Station Lake Liddell Liddell Power Station Redbank Power Station Teralba Colliery Vales Point Power Station

Water supply	Chichester Dam Glenbawn Dam Grahamstown Dam Lostock Dam Tillegra Dam proposal

Media

KOFM Maitland Mercury NBN Television Newcastle Herald New FM NXFM Port Stephens Examiner 1233 ABC Newcastle 2HD 2NUR

Other

Defence	No. 26 Squadron RAAF RAAF Base Williamtown

General	Cessnock Correctional Centre Christ Church Cathedral

Hospitals	John Hunter Hospital

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