Indira Gandhi International Airport

Indira Gandhi International Airport इंदिरा गांधी अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय हवाई अड्डा Iṅdirā Gāṅdhī Aṅtarrāṣṭrīya Havāī Aḍḍā
IATA: DEL – ICAO: VIDP
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Airports Authority of India
Operator	Delhi International Airport Private Limited (DIAL)
Serves	Delhi/NCR
Location	South West Delhi, Delhi, India
Hub for	AirAsia India Air India Air India Regional GoAir IndiGo Jet Airways Quikjet Airlines SpiceJet Vistara
Elevation AMSL	777 ft / 237 m
Coordinates	28°34′07″N 077°06′44″E / 28.56861°N 77.11222°ECoordinates: 28°34′07″N 077°06′44″E / 28.56861°N 77.11222°E
Website	www.newdelhiairport.in
Map
DEL DEL
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 10/28 3,810 12,500 Asphalt 09/27 2,813 9,229 Asphalt 11/29 4,430 14,534 Asphalt
Statistics (April 15- Nov 16[1])
Passenger movements 50,016,034 ( 20.6%) Aircraft movements 374,681( 15.3%) Cargo tonnage 794,165( 14.8%)
Source: AAI[2][3][4][5][6]

Indira Gandhi International Airport (IATA: DEL, ICAO: VIDP) serves as the primary civilian aviation hub for the National Capital Region of Delhi, India. The airport, spread over an area of 5,106 acres (2,066 ha),^[7] is situated in Palam, 15 km (9.3 mi) south-west of the New Delhi railway station and 16 km (9.9 mi) from New Delhi city centre.^[8][9]

Named after Indira Gandhi, a former Prime Minister of India, it is the busiest airport in the country in terms of passenger traffic since 2009. It is busiest airport in the country in terms of cargo traffic in the recent year overtaking Mumbai during late 2015.^[10]

With the commencement of operations at Terminal 3 in 2010, it became India's and South Asia's largest aviation hub, with a current capacity of handling more than 40 million passengers. The planned expansion program will increase the airport's capacity to handle 100 million passengers by 2030.^[11] In 2015, the airport was the 25th busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic and 12th busiest airports in Asia, handling over 48 million passengers (a 18% growth in traffic over the previous year).

The airport was operated by the Indian Air Force before its management was transferred to the Airports Authority of India.^[12] In May 2006, the management of the airport was passed over to Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), a consortium led by the GMR Group.^[13]

In September 2008, the airport inaugurated a 4,430 m (14,530 ft) runway. The Terminal 3 building, which commenced operations in 2010, has a capacity to handle 34 million passengers annually. Terminal 3 is the world's 8th largest passenger terminal.^[9] The airport uses an advanced system called Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) to help keep takeoffs and landings timely and predictable.^[14]

In 2010, IGIA was conferred the fourth best airport award in the world in the 15–25 million category, and Best Improved Airport in the Asia-Pacific Region by Airports Council International.^[15] The airport was rated as the Best airport in the world in the 25–40 million passengers category in 2015, by Airports Council International.^[16][17]

Delhi Airport was awarded The Best Airport in Central Asia and Best Airport Staff in Central Asia at the Skytrax World Airport Awards 2015.^[18] IGI also stood first in the new rankings for 2015 Airport Service Quality (ASQ) Awards.^[19]

History

Safdarjung Airport was built in 1930 and was the main airport for Delhi until 1962.^[7] Due to increasing passenger traffic at Safdarjung, civilian operations were moved to Palam Airport (later renamed to IGIA) in 1962.^[7] Palam Airport had been built during World War II as RAF Station Palam and after the British left, it served as an Air Force Station for the Indian Air Force. Palam Airport had a peak capacity of around 1,300 passengers per hour.^[7] Owing to an increase in air traffic in the 1970s, an additional terminal with nearly four times the area of the old Palam terminal was constructed. With the inauguration of a new international terminal (Terminal 2), on 2 May 1986, the airport was renamed as Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA).^[7]

On 31 January 2006, the aviation minister Praful Patel announced that the empowered Group of Ministers have agreed to sell the management-rights of Delhi Airport to the DIAL consortium and the Mumbai airport to the GVK Group.^[20] On 2 May 2006, the management of Delhi and Mumbai airports were handed over to the private consortia.^[21] Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) is a consortium of the GMR Group (54%), Fraport (10%) and Malaysia Airports (10%),^[22][22] and the Airports Authority of India retains a 26% stake.^[23]

Nine years later, in May 2015, Malaysia Airports chose it exit from DIAL venture and sold its entire 10% stake to majority share holder GMR Infra for $79 million. Following this GMR Group's stake at DIAL increased to 64%.^[24] Earlier GMR indicated that it was interested in buying out the 10% stake of Fraport.^[25]

The old domestic airport (Palam) is known as Terminal 1 and handles domestic flights for all budget airlines. The terminal is divided into three separate buildings – 1A (dedicated terminal for state-run Air India, no longer used), 1B (used by all private commercial airlines, now closed and demolished), the Domestic Arrival Terminal 1C and the newly constructed departure terminal 1D (now used by all domestic low-cost airlines (GoAir, IndiGo, SpiceJet). There is also a separate Technical Area for VVIP passengers. Additionally, there is a separate terminal for Hajj flights.

Significant growth in Indian aviation industry led to a major increase in passenger traffic. The capacity of Terminal 1 is estimated to be 7.15 million passengers per annum (mppa). Actual throughput for 2005/06 was an estimated 10.4 million passengers. Including the now-closed international terminal (Terminal 2), the airport had a total capacity of 12.5 million passengers per year, whereas the total passenger traffic in 2006/07 was 16.5 million passengers per year^[26] In 2008, total passenger count at the airport reached 23.97 million.

Runways

Interior of the Domestic Terminal

Delhi Airport has three near-parallel runways: runway 11/29, 4,430 m × 60 m (14,530 ft × 200 ft) with CAT IIIB instrument landing system (ILS) on both sides, runway 10/28, 3,810 m × 46 m (12,500 ft × 151 ft), and an auxiliary runway 09/27, 2,813 m × 45 m (9,229 ft × 148 ft). In addition to Allama Iqbal International Airport of Lahore, Pakistan,^[27] Runway 10/28 and runway 11/29 of Delhi Airport are the only airports in South Asia to have been equipped with the CAT III-B ILS. In the winter of 2005 there were a record number of disruptions at Delhi airport due to fog/smog. Since then some domestic airlines have trained their pilots to operate under CAT-II conditions of a minimum 350 m (1,150 ft) visibility. On 31 March 2006, IGI became the first Indian airport to operate two runways simultaneously following a test run involving a SpiceJet plane landing on runway 28 and a Jet Airways plane taking off from runway 27 at the same time.

The initially proposed method of simultaneous takeoffs caused several near misses over the west side of the airport where the centrelines of runways 10/28 and 9/27 intersect. The runway use method was changed to segregate dependent mode from 25 December 2007, which was a few days after the deciding near miss involving an Airbus A330-200 of Qatar Airways and an Indigo A320 aircraft. The new method involved use of runway 28 for all departures and runway 27 for all arrivals. This method which was more streamlined was followed full-time till 24 September 2008.

On 21 August 2008, the airport inaugurated its 3rd runway 11/29 costing ₹10 billion^[28] and 4,430 m (14,534 ft) long. The runway has one of the world's longest paved threshold displacements of 1,460 m (4,790 ft). This, in turn decreases the available landing length on runway 29 to 2,970 m (9,744 ft).

The purpose of this large threshold displacement is primarily to reduce noise generated by landing aircraft over nearby localities. The runway increases the airport's capacity to handle 85 flights from the previous 54–60 flights per hour. The new runway was opened for commercial operations on 25 September 2008. At present, runways 11/29 and 10/28 operate in mixed mode while runway 09/27 is used as a taxiway. During peak hours, all three runways will be operated simultaneously to reduce the stress on the airport's main runways 10/28 and 11/29.^[29]

Terminals

Terminal 1D at Indira Gandhi International Airport

IGI Airport serves as a major hub or a focus destination for several Indian carriers including Air India, Air India Regional, IndiGo, Jet Airways, SpiceJet, GoAir and Vistara. Approximately 80 airlines serve this airport. At present there are two active scheduled passenger terminals, a dedicated Hajj terminal and a cargo terminal.

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 is currently used by low cost carriers IndiGo, SpiceJet and GoAir.

Terminal 1A

Terminal 1A was built in the early 1990s to cater to Indian Airlines. It had to be refurbished after a fire gutted the interiors and DIAL significantly upgraded the terminal. It was used by Air India Regional until it moved to the new Terminal 3 on 11 November 2010. The terminal is now closed and is expected to be torn down on the completion of newer terminals.

Terminal 1C

Interior of the Domestic Terminal

Terminal 1C is used only for domestic arrivals. The terminal has been upgraded with a new expanded greeting area and a larger luggage reclaim area with 8 belts.

Terminal 1D

Terminal 1D is the newly built domestic departure terminal with a total floor space of 35,000 m² (380,000 sq ft) and has a capacity to handle 10 million passengers per year. Terminal 1D commenced operations on 15 April 2009. It has 72 Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE) enabled check-in counters, 16 self check-in counters, and 16 security channels.

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 was opened on 1 May 1986, at a cost of ₹950 million^[7] and was used for International flights until July 2010 when operations shifted to T3. The terminal now remains dormant for most of the year and is only used for special operations, such as Haj flights. DIAL plans to temporarily shift the domestic operations of SpiceJet and GoAir to T2 in order to revamp Terminal 1.^[30]

Terminal 3

External video

Official Terminal 3 Video

Terminal 3 gates departure terminal

Statue of The Sun God at Terminal 3

Inside Terminal 3 at Indira Gandhi International Airport

Designed by HOK working in consultation with Mott MacDonald,^[31] the new Terminal 3 is a two-tier building spread over an area of 20 acres (8.1 ha), with the lower floor being the arrivals area, and the upper floor being a departures area. This terminal has 168 check-in counters, 78 aerobridges at 48 contact stands, 54 parking bays, 95 immigration counters, 15 X-ray screening areas, for less waiting times, duty-free shops, and other features.^[32][33] This new terminal was timed to be completed for the 2010 Commonwealth Games, which was held in Delhi and is connected to Delhi by an eight-lane Delhi Gurgaon Expressway and the Delhi Metro. The terminal was officially inaugurated on 3 July 2010. All international airlines shifted their operations to the new terminal in late July 2010 and all full service domestic carriers in November 2010. The arrival area is equipped with 14 baggage carousels. T3 has India's first automated parking management and guidance system in a multi level car park, which comprises 7 levels and a capacity of 4,300 cars. Terminal 3 forms the first phase of the airport expansion which tentatively includes the construction of additional passenger & cargo terminals (Terminal 4, 5 & 6).

Domestic full-service airlines operate from the Terminal 3 including Air India, the national carrier and Jet Airways moved their domestic operations to the new terminal in November 2010. The recently launched Tata & Singapore Airlines airline joint-venture Vistara also operates from Terminal 3.^[34]

Terminals 4, 5 and 6

Terminals 4, 5 and 6 will be built at a later stage, which will be triggered by growth in traffic, and once completed, all international flights will move to these three new terminals, while Terminal 3 will then solely be used for handling domestic air traffic. A new cargo handling building is also planned. According to Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), these new terminals will increase the airport's annual passenger volume capacity to 100 million.

Cargo terminal

The cargo terminal is located at a distance of 1 km (0.62 mi) from T3. It handles all the cargo operations. The airport received an award in 2007 for its excellent and organized cargo handling system.

Airlines and destinations

Countries served by flights from Indira Gandhi International Airport (includes seasonal and future destinations).
✈ Indira Gandhi International Airport
Red: India
Blue: Passenger and cargo destinations
Purple: Cargo destinations

Passenger

Air India, India's flag-carrier has its base in Delhi IGI Airport

IndiGo, India's largest domestic carrier uses Delhi Airport as its hub

Jet Airways, India's largest full service carrier uses Delhi Airport as its secondary hub

SpiceJet Boeing 737–800

Vistara Airbus A320-232

Virgin Atlantic Airbus A340-600 G-VSSH

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Aeroflot	Moscow-Sheremetyevo	3
Air Arabia	Sharjah	3
Air Astana	Almaty	3
Air Canada	Toronto–Pearson Seasonal: Vancouver	3
Air China	Beijing-Capital	3
Air France	Paris-Charles de Gaulle	3
Air India	Agra, Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bagdogra, Bahrain, Bangalore, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Birmingham, Chandigarh, Chennai, Chicago–O'Hare, Coimbatore, Colombo, Dammam, Dubai-International, Frankfurt, Gaya, Goa, Guwahati, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Imphal, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jammu, Jeddah, Jodhpur, Kabul, Kathmandu, Khajuraho, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Leh, London-Heathrow, Lucknow, Madrid, Malé, Melbourne, Milan–Malpensa, Moscow-Domodedovo, Mumbai, Muscat, Nagpur, Newark, New York-JFK, Osaka-Kansai, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Raipur, Ranchi, Riyadh, Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Srinagar, Surat, Sydney, Thiruvananthapuram, Tirupati, Tokyo-Narita, Udaipur, Vadodara, Varanasi, Vienna, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Yangon	3
Air India Express	Abu Dhabi, Dhaka (begins 2 March 2017),[35] Dubai-International, Tehran-Imam Khomeini (begins 1 March 2017)[35]	3
Air India Regional	Allahabad, Bathinda (begins 11 December 2016),[36] Bhopal, Dehradun, Dharmasala, Gorakhpur, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jammu, Kanpur (resumes 10 December 2016),[37] Kullu, Mumbai, Pantnagar, Rajkot, Surat	3
Air Manas	Bishkek	3
Air Mauritius	Mauritius	3
AirAsia India	Bangalore, Goa, Guwahati, Imphal	3
AirAsia X	Kuala Lumpur–International	3
All Nippon Airways	Tokyo-Narita	3
Ariana Afghan Airlines	Kabul, Kandahar	3
Asiana Airlines	Seoul-Incheon	3
Bhutan Airlines	Kathmandu, Paro	3
British Airways	London-Heathrow	3
Cathay Pacific	Hong Kong	3
China Airlines	Taipei-Taoyuan	3
China Eastern Airlines	Beijing-Capital, Shanghai-Pudong	3
China Southern Airlines	Guangzhou	3
Druk Air	Kathmandu, Paro	3
Emirates	Dubai-International	3
Ethiopian Airlines	Addis Ababa	3
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi	3
Finnair	Helsinki	3
flydubai	Dubai-International	3
GoAir	Ahmedabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Chennai, Goa, Guwahati, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Leh, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Ranchi, Srinagar	1D
Gulf Air	Bahrain	3
IndiGo	Agartala, Ahmedabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dehradun, Dibrugarh, Dimapur, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Imphal, Indore, Jaipur, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Raipur, Ranchi, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Udaipur, Vadodara, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam	1D
IndiGo	Dubai-International, Kathmandu	3
Iraqi Airways	Baghdad, Basra	3
Japan Airlines	Tokyo-Narita	3
Jet Airways	Abu Dhabi, Ahmedabad, Aizawl, Amritsar, Amsterdam, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Bhopal, Bhuj, Chandigarh, Chennai, Dammam, Dhaka, Dehradun, Doha, Dubai-International, Guwahati, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kathmandu, Khajuraho, Kochi, Kolkata, Leh, London-Heathrow, Lucknow, Mangalore, Mumbai, Muscat, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Singapore, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Toronto-Pearson, Udaipur, Varanasi	3
Kam Air	Kabul	3
KLM	Amsterdam	3
Korean Air	Seoul-Incheon	3
Kuwait Airways	Kuwait	3
Lufthansa	Frankfurt, Munich	3
Mahan Air	Mashhad, Tehran-Imam Khomeini	3
Malaysia Airlines	Kuala Lumpur–International	3
Malindo Air	Kuala Lumpur–International	3
Mega Maldives	Malé	3
Nepal Airlines	Kathmandu	3
Oman Air	Muscat	3
Pakistan International Airlines	Karachi, Lahore	3
Qatar Airways	Doha	3
Safi Airways	Kabul	3
Saudia	Riyadh, Jeddah Hajj: Medina	3
Singapore Airlines	Singapore	3
Shandong Airlines	Jinan, Kunming, Qingdao	3
SpiceJet	Agartala, Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Dehradun, Dharamsala, Goa, Gorakhpur, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jammu, Jodhpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Madurai, Mumbai, Port Blair, Pune, Srinagar, Udaipur, Varanasi	1D
SpiceJet	Dubai-International, Kabul	3
SriLankan Airlines	Colombo	3
Swiss International Air Lines	Zürich	3
Tajik Air	Dushanbe	3
Thai Airways	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi	3
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul-Atatürk	3
Turkmenistan Airlines	Ashgabat	3
United Airlines	Newark	3
Uzbekistan Airways	Tashkent	3
Virgin Atlantic	London-Heathrow	3
Vistara	Ahmedabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Port Blair, Pune, Srinagar, Varanasi	3

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
AeroLogic	Bahrain, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Hahn, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle, Sharjah, Singapore
ASL Airlines Belgium	Dubai-International, Liege
Blue Dart Aviation	Ahmedabad, Aurangabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chennai, Cochin, Coimbatore, Goa, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Raipur, Ranchi, Patna
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Bangalore, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Kolkata, London-Heathrow, Manchester, Milan-Malpensa, Paris-Charles de Gaulle
China Airlines Cargo	Luxembourg,[38] Taipei-Taoyuan[39]
DHL Aviation operated by Air Hong Kong	Hong Kong
DHL Aviation operated by DHL Air UK	East Midlands, London-Heathrow
DHL Aviation operated by European Air Transport Leipzig	Brussels, Cologne/Bonn, Copenhagen, Leipzig/Halle
DHL Aviation operated by SNAS/DHL	Bahrain, Dubai-International
Emirates SkyCargo	Dubai-Al Maktoum, Hong Kong
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo	Addis Ababa
Etihad Cargo[40]	Abu Dhabi, Shanghai-Pudong
FedEx Express	Chengdu, Dubai-International, Guangzhou, Memphis
Hong Kong Airlines	Almaty, Hong Kong, Istanbul-Atatürk
Jet Airways Cargo operated by Etihad Cargo[41]	Bangalore, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Singapore
Kalitta Air	Amsterdam, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Khabarovsk, Liege, Sharjah
Lufthansa Cargo	Frankfurt, Dhaka, Guangzhou, Krasnoyarsk
Thai Airways Cargo	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Frankfurt
Qatar Airways Cargo	Doha
Turkish Airlines Cargo	Hong Kong, Istanbul-Atatürk, Tashkent
Uni-Top Airlines	Wuhan
Uzbekistan Airways Cargo	Navoi

Statistics

Top destinations

Busiest Domestic Routes from DEL (August 2015 – July 2016)

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	Mumbai	3,482,976	Air India, Go Air, Indigo, Jet Airways, Spicejet, Vistara
2	Bangalore	2,074,568	AirAsia India, Air India, Go Air, Indigo, Jet Airways, Spicejet, Vistara
3	Kolkata	1,174,986	Air India, Go Air, Indigo, Jet Airways, Spicejet, Vistara
4	Hyderabad	1,084,576	Air India, Indigo, Jet Airways, Spicejet, Vistara
5	Chennai	1,048,738	Air India, Indigo, Jet Airways, Spicejet

Busiest International Routes to and from DEL (2015)

Rank	Airport	Passengers	Annual Change	Carriers
1	Dubai	1,864,578	022.7%	Air India, Air India Express, Emirates, Flydubai, Indigo, Jet Airways, Spicejet
2	London–Heathrow	968,734	00.9%	Air India, British Airways, Jet Airways, Virgin Atlantic
3	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi	702,945	010.2%	Air India, Jet Airways, Thai Airways
4	Singapore	658,792	02.1%	Air India, Jet Airways, Singapore Airlines
5	Kathmandu	612,784	05.8%	Air India, Indigo, Jet Airways, Nepal Airlines
6	Hong Kong	567,378	04.7%	Air India, Cathay Pacific, Jet Airways
7	Abu Dhabi	560,784	048.6%	Air India Express, Etihad Airways, Jet Airways
8	Doha	475,846	03.9%	Jet Airways, Qatar Airways
9	Frankfurt	428,536	013.2%	Air India, Lufthansa
10	Kuala Lumpur	362,938	017.0%	Air Asia X, Malaysia Airlines, Malindo Air

Connectivity

Delhi Metro Airport Express Train

Delhi Gurgaon Expressway

Rail

The nearest railway station is Palam railway station which is 18 km from New Delhi railway station. Several passenger trains runs regularly between these stations. Shahabad Mohammadpur (SMDP)is equally close.^[42][43]

Metro

The airport is served by the Delhi Airport Metro Express train line. The 22.7 km (14.1 mi) line runs from the Airport metro station located at Terminal 3 to the New Delhi metro station railway station with trains running every 15 minutes.^[44]

Road

The airport is connected by the 8-lane Delhi Gurgaon Expressway. Air conditioned low-floor buses operated by Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) regularly run between the airport and the city. Metered taxis are also available from the terminal to all areas of Delhi.

Awards and recognitions

• In 2015, Delhi Airport bags two awards for The Best Airport in Central Asia/India and Best Airport Staff in Central Asia/India at the prestigious Skytrax World Airport Awards.^[18]
• In 2015, Delhi Airport won the Best Airport award from the Airports Council International within 25–40 million annual passengers category.^[17]
• In 2015, it won the prestigious Golden Peacock National Quality Award given by the Institute of Directors (India).^[45]
• In 2016 The Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport has become Asia-Pacific’s only and one of the world’s few airports to achieve a carbon neutral status. The announcement in this regard was made by the Airports Council International (ACI) during the Airport Carbon Accreditation certificate presentation ceremony to IGI in Montreal, Canada.^[46]

Accidents and incidents

• On 25 January 1970, a Royal Nepal Airlines Fokker F27-200 (9N-AAR) after a flight from Kathmandu, Nepal was caught in severe thunderstorms with turbulence and downdrafts on final approach to Palam Airport. The pilot lost control of the aircraft and crashed short of the runway. Of the five crew and 18 passengers, one crew member was killed.^[47]
• 14 June 1972, Japan Airlines Flight 471 crashed outside of Palam Airport, killing 82 of 87 occupants; ten of eleven crew members and 72 of 76 passengers died, as did three people on the ground.^[48]
• 31 May 1973, Indian Airlines Flight 440 crashed while on approach to Palam Airport, killing 48 of the 65 passengers and crew on board.
• On 7 May 1990, an Air India Boeing 747 flying on the London-Delhi-Mumbai route and carrying 215 people (195 passengers and 20 crew) touched down at Indira Gandhi International Airport after a flight from London Heathrow Airport. On application of reverse thrust, a failure of the no. 1 engine pylon to wing attachment caused this engine to tilt nose down. Hot exhaust gases caused a fire on the left wing. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair and written off.^[49]
• On 2 December 1995, Indian Airlines Flight 492 (IC 492), A Boeing 737-2A8 (Registered VT-ECS), damaged beyond repair when the aircraft overshot the runway at Delhi airport due to pilots error, on its scheduled flight from Jaipur to Delhi.^[50]
• On 12 November 1996, the airport was involved in the Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision when a Saudia Boeing 747-100B, climbing out after take-off, collided with an incoming Kazakhstan Airlines Ilyushin Il-76 chartered by a fashion company, causing the deaths of all 349 people on board the two planes.^[51]
• On 17 March 2016, a bomb threat was made to the airport, causing its evacuation and some flights to be canceled and delayed.^[52]

Sustainability Practices

The airport is a "carbon neutral" airport.^[53]

See also

• Transport in India
• List of airports in India
• List of busiest airports in India by passenger traffic
• Aviation in India

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External links

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

• Indira Gandhi International Airport, official website
• GMR Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL)
• GMR Group
• Kanpur Airport
• Accident history for DEL at Aviation Safety Network