Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary

Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary Bhimagad
Wildlife Sanctuary
Critically endangered Wroughton's Free-tailed Bat near Bhimagad Wildlife Sanctuary
Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary Location in Karnataka, India
Coordinates: 15°32′39″N 74°21′03″E / 15.54417°N 74.35083°E / 15.54417; 74.35083Coordinates: 15°32′39″N 74°21′03″E / 15.54417°N 74.35083°E / 15.54417; 74.35083
Country	India
State	Karnataka
District	Belgaum
Declared date:	1 December 2011
Area
• Total	190.4258 km² (73.5238 sq mi)
Elevation	800 m (2,600 ft)
Languages
• Official	Kannada
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Nearest city	Valpoi, Goa
IUCN category	IV
Governing body:	'
Official website:	'
Precipitation	3,800 millimetres (150 in)
Avg. summer temperature	28.2 °C (82.8 °F)
Avg. winter temperature	23.3 °C (73.9 °F)

Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in the Western Ghats, in Khanapur Taluk of Belgaum District near Jamboti Village, Karnataka state, India. This 19,042.58 ha (73.5238 sq mi) of Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests forest area was long awaiting to be a wild life sanctuary and finally declared in December 2011.^[1]

The Bhimgad forests are notable for the Barapede caves, the only known breeding area of the Wroughton’s free-tailed bat, a threatened species on the verge of extinction. The sanctuary is also home to other rare species of flora and fauna.^[2]

Etymology

The area takes its name from the Bhimgad Fort which was built and commanded by Shivaji in the 17th century. It is located in the heart of the forest valley, Built by Shivaji to defend from the Portuguese troops who controlled Goa that time, rises 1800 ft near vertically above the plains. The fort occupied the summit of an extraordinary rock, with sides about 300 ft (91 m) in perpendicular height. The defenses were almost entirely natural, requiring little additional construction. The ruins of the 380-ft high and 825-ft broad Bhimgad fort are located right in the heart of the Mahadayi forest, and is of great historical significance.^[3]

Geography

The sanctuary is about 35 km (22 mi) southwest from Belgaum city. It is contiguous to the east of Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary, north-west of the Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park and north of Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary in Goa and north of Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary in Karnataka.^[2] The western border areas encompasses several geo-morphological lime stone formations with several caves.^[4]

Rivers

This area is the headwaters of several rivers including the Mhadei, Malaprabha and Tillari and hundreds of perennial streams. The Mhadei originates in the Bhimgad forests with a cluster of 30 springs forming the river Mahadayi, which is joined by two other streams Marcidha nala and Pannera nala. The waters flow down in the valley and over the 150 ft (46 m) Vajrapoha falls. The evening sun falling on the veil gives a glittering touch thus the name vajra. The Mhadei river goes on to be the important Mandovi river in Goa.^[5] Notification of this area as a wildlife sanctuary has given protection to Goa's water resources.^[2]

Wildlife of India
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Fauna

The application states: "This section of Bhimgad that lies in Karnataka reflects the bewildering complexity in plant, animal and bird life. It represents an area having a unique ecosystem that has significant biological and ecological importance. The region has numerous endemic plants and animals and also provides a critically important tiger corridor between Karnataka and Goa."

The sanctuary, with beautiful mosaic of woodlands and grass lands, is home to tigers, leopards, gaur, sloth bears, sambar, spotted deer, chitals, foxes, wild dogs, king cobras elephants, and other threatened species of mammals, birds and reptiles. The forests are a part of vital tiger corridors – one linking the Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary and Radhanagri Wildlife Sanctuary in Maharashtra and the other linking Dandeli and the Molem Wildlife Sanctuary.^[2]^[6]

Flora

The sanctuary is a mosaic of Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests and grass lands. It is rich in medicinal plants.

References

↑ "State notifies Bhimgad as wildlife sanctuary", IBN Live Saoth, Karnataka, Belgaum: IBN Live, 1 December 2011, retrieved 14 January 2012
1 2 3 4 Rajendra Kerkar , TNN (1 May 2011), "Bhimgad gives Goa's greens hope", The Times of India, Keri: Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd, retrieved 13 January 2011
↑ Purandare, Babasaheb (August 2003). "Raja Shivachhatrapati (Marathi: राजा शिवछत्रपती)" (15 ed.). Pune: Purandare Prakashan.
↑ Ravi Uppar, TNN (2 December 2011). "Bhimagad forest is now wildlife sanctuary". Times of India. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
↑ Mohan Pai (2008), Mahadayi/Mandovi River Valley (PDF), Bangalore, pp. 6–9, retrieved 2011-08-17
↑ Bhimgad awaits protection, Sanctuary Asia, June 2006, retrieved 13 January 2011

External sources

Bhimgad

Western Ghats

Rivers	Bhadra Bhavani Bhima Chalakudy Chittar Godavari Gurupura Kabini Kali Kallayi Kaveri Koyna Krishna Kundali Malaprabha Manimuthar Netravati Pachaiyar Parambikulam Saraswati Savitri Sharavati Tambaraparani Tapti Tunga Venna

Regions	Desh, Maharashtra Goa Gap Konkan Malabar Malenadu North Malabar Kongu Nadu Palakkad Gap Tulu Nadu

Peaks	Agastya Mala Anamudi Anginda Anjaneri Banasura Biligirirangana Betta Brahmagiri Chembra Dhodap Doddabetta Gangamoola Harishchandragad Kalsubai Kemmangundi Kudremukh Kodachadri Kumara Parvata Mullayanagiri Marunthuvazh Malai Ponmudi Pushpagiri Paithalmala Salher Saptashrungi Sispara Sonsogor Tadiandamol Taramati Vellarimala Ranipuram Vagamon

Hills	Anaimalai Hills Biligiriranga Hills Cardamom Hills Nilgiri mountains Satmala Range Selbari Range Palni Hills Trimbakeshwar Range

Waterfalls	Abbey Chunchanakatte Dudhsagar Falls Gokak Irupu Jog Kalhatti Mallalli Falls Sathodi Lushington Sivasamudram Athirapally Falls Vazhachal Falls Hogenakkal

States	Tamil Nadu Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Goa

Parks & Reserves	Annekal Reserved Forest Anshi National Park Aralam Reserved Forest Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve Agasthyavanam Biological Park Bandipur National Park Bannerghatta National Park Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary Chandoli National Park Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary Dandeli National Park Eravikulam National Park Grass Hills National Park Indira Gandhi National Park Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve Karian Shola National Park Karnala Bird Sanctuary Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary Kudremukh National Park Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary Mudumalai National Park Mudumalai Tiger Reserve Mukurthi National Park Nagarhole Rajiv Gandhi National Park New Amarambalam Reserved Forest Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Palani Hills National Park Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Sanctuary Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary Periyar National Park Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary SAI Sanctuary Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary Silent Valley National Park Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary

Places	Khandala Lonavla Lavasa Mahabaleshwar Matheran Chiplun Tamhini Panchgani Kudremukh Kodagu Karjat Kasara

Ghats	Amboli Ghat Bhor Ghat Tamhini Ghat Amba Ghat Bhor Road Ghat Chorla Ghat Goa Gap Kasara Road Ghat Kumbharli Ghat Malshej Ghat Naneghat Charmadi ghat Shiradi ghat Bisle ghat Sampaje ghat Palakkad Gap Varandha Ghat

Related	Mountains of Kerala Mountains of Maharashtra

Protected areas of Karnataka

Biosphere reserves	Nilgiri

National parks	Anshi Bandipur Bannerghatta Kudremukh Nagarhole (Rajiv Gandhi)

Wildlife sanctuaries	Arabithittu Bhadra Bhimgad Brahmagiri Cauvery Dandeli Daroji Sloth Bear Sanctuary Deva Raya Jayamangali Blackbuck Conservation Reserve Melkote Temple Pushpagiri Ranibennur Blackbuck Sanctuary Sharavati Shettihalli Someshwara Talakaveri

Bird sanctuaries	Attiveri Bankapur Peacock Sanctuary Bonal Ghataprabha Gudavi Kaggaladu Kokrebellur Magadi Mandagadde Ranganthittu

Protected areas of India

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