Loveland, Ohio

Loveland, Ohio
City
City of Loveland, Ohio

Historic Downtown Loveland

Flag
Logo
Nickname(s): Sweetheart of Ohio,[1]

Location in Hamilton County and the state of Ohio.
Coordinates: 39°16′8″N 84°16′14″W / 39.26889°N 84.27056°W / 39.26889; -84.27056Coordinates: 39°16′8″N 84°16′14″W / 39.26889°N 84.27056°W / 39.26889; -84.27056
Country United States
State Ohio
Counties Hamilton, Clermont, Warren
Settled 1795
Incorporated (village) May 1876
Chartered (city) July 25, 1961
Founded by Col. Thomas Paxton
Named for James Loveland
Government
 • Type Council-manager
 • Mayor Mark Fitzgerald (R)[2][3]
 • City manager Dave Kennedy[4]
Area[5]
 • Total 5.00 sq mi (12.95 km2)
 • Land 4.93 sq mi (12.77 km2)
 • Water 0.07 sq mi (0.18 km2)  1.40%
Elevation 597 ft (182 m)
Population (2010)[6]
 • Total 12,081
 • Estimate (2013[7]) 12,326
 • Density 2,450.5/sq mi (946.1/km2)
Time zone EST (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 45140, 45249[8]
Area code(s) 513
FIPS code 39-45108[9]
GNIS feature ID 1085672[10]
LOCODE US XHT
Website City of Loveland

Loveland (/ˈlʌvlᵻn/ LUV-lənd) is a city in Hamilton, Clermont, and Warren counties in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. Considered part of the Greater Cincinnati area, Loveland is located near a large frog on exit 52 off Interstate 275, about 15 miles (24 km) northeast of the Cincinnati city limits. It borders Symmes, Miami and Hamilton Townships and straddles the Little Miami River. The population was 12,081 at the 2010 census[9] and was estimated at 12,326 in 2013.[7] Once a busy railroad town, Loveland is now a major stop along the Little Miami Scenic Trail.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.00 square miles (12.95 km2), of which 4.93 square miles (12.77 km2) is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km2) is water.[5] The city is situated at an elevation of 597 ft (182 m) above sea level.

Loveland can be reached by car most easily via Interstate 275, but State Route 48 also serves the city. State Route 3 / U.S. Route 22 touches the northwestern corner of Loveland, and State Route 126 passes through Remington and Miamiville to the south.

Loveland is located within three counties: Hamilton, Clermont and Warren. At least 61 Ohio cities cross county lines.[11] Loveland has withdrawn from Symmes, Miami, and Hamilton Townships to form a coextensive set of paper townships each named Loveland Township.[12][13] Historic Downtown Loveland and the central business district lie in a small valley on opposite sides of the Little Miami Scenic River, the boundary between Hamilton and Clermont counties, whereas most of Loveland's residential areas are located on the hills surrounding the valley on either side. Loveland City Hall is located in Clermont County, whereas most of the population resides in Hamilton County.[11]

These areas include some neighborhoods from the 1950s and earlier, as well as a number of newer subdivisions built as part of the urban sprawl that saw nearby Mason grow tremendously. Unlike Mason and other suburbs closer to Interstate 71 and Interstate 75, Loveland is considered somewhat of a "bedroom community", where residential neighborhoods (and churches) seemingly outnumber businesses, and many residents make the half-hour commute to Downtown Cincinnati for work each day.

The 513 area code includes the entirety of Loveland. The 45140 ZIP code also includes the entire city, with the exception of a few recently annexed businesses that belong to the 45249 ZIP code (Symmes).[8] The United States Postal Service lists a number of place names as unacceptable for this ZIP code, including "Murdock" and "Twenty Mile Stand";[14] however, "Loveland, Ohio" is acceptable for Camp Dennison's 45111 ZIP code. The 45108 FIPS55 code and US XHT LOCODE both correspond to the city proper.

Government and services

Loveland uses a council-manager form of government. The Loveland City Council has seven at-large seats, elected to four-year terms in non-partisan elections held every two years. As of 2014, they are held by Mayor Linda Cox, Vice Mayor Mark Fitzgerald, and councilmembers Pam Gross, Paulette Leeper, Ted Phelps, Angie Settell, and Rob Weisgerber.[3] Dave Kennedy is city manager.[4] Traffic cases and other misdemeanors are heard in Loveland Mayor's Court, which is presided over by a magistrate.[15]

At the federal level, Loveland is located within Ohio's 1st and 2nd congressional districts.[16] At the state level, it is also served by the 27th, 62nd, and 65th House districts;[17] the 7th and 14th Senate districts;[18] and the 1st and 12th appellate court districts.[19] See Ohio House of Representatives and Ohio Senate for the current representatives of the respective state districts.

According to the Loveland Code of Ordinances, the city's corporate seal consists of "the coat of arms of the state engraved in the center and the words 'City of Loveland' engraved around the edge".[20]

Loveland is protected by the Loveland Police Division and the Loveland–Symmes Fire Department, a member of the Northeast Fire Collaborative.[21] Dispatching for both is handled by Northeast Communications Center (NECC), which provides Wireless Enhanced 911 service and also activates the local network of tornado sirens.[22]

The city lies in the Little Miami telephone exchange, within Cincinnati Bell's ILEC coverage area.[23] Loveland receives electric and natural gas services from Duke Energy Ohio, formerly Cincinnati Gas & Electric.[24][25] Waste disposal and recycling services are provided by Rumpke through the Southwest Ohio Regional Refuse (SWORRE) consortium.[26] Loveland has water interconnectivity agreements with the City of Cincinnati and Clermont County.[27] Loveland's Polk Run Wastewater Treatment Plant is part of Hamilton County's Greater Cincinnati Metropolitan Sewer District (MSD) under a 1985 operating agreement. The city sought to end the agreement in 2008, due to district-wide rate increases,[28] but was barred from leaving MSD by a court ruling affirmed by the U.S. 6th Circuit Appeals Court.[29]

History

Present-day Loveland originally lay at the edges of the Symmes Purchase and Virginia Military District, in what was then the Northwest Territory. The area was first settled in 1795[30] by Col. Thomas Paxton:

“ The Kentucky landowners who were dissatisfied with their family land titles sold their holdings and bought land in the Miami valleys. Colonel Thomas Paxton who won his spurs in General Wayne's army and became enamoured with the Miami Country, sold his farm in Kentucky primarily because of a faulty title and bought 1,200 acres where Loveland now stands. He came here at the age of sixty and bought numerous tracts from Colonel Lytle, becoming a wealthy man before his death in 1813. The names of ten of his children who came to Ohio are associated with commodious residences, beautiful gardens and great orchards. ”
— William E. Smith, History of Southwestern Ohio: The Miami Valleys[31]

The city is named after James Loveland, who operated a general store and post office near the railroad tracks downtown. It was incorporated as a village on May 12 or 16, 1876, and incorporated as a chartered city in 1961.[32][33]

The 1872 Branch Hill Bridge (Loveland Bridge) that spanned the Little Miami River just south of Loveland. It was replaced by the less ornate "Blue Bridge" in 1922.[34]

Village getaway

In its early days, Loveland was known as a resort town, with its summer homes for the wealthy, earning it the nickname "Little Switzerland of the Miami Valley." Future Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase maintained a country home near Loveland,[35][36] while the Cincinnati YWCA maintained a summer cottage there.[37] The area was also home to Ohio's first paper mill, built in 1810 by John Smith. A local road retains the mill's eventual name, Kugler Mill.[38] The area surrounding Loveland in Clermont County was well known for its peaches and strawberries.[39]

The Hillsboro and Cincinnati Railroad was chartered in 1846 to run a line between Hillsboro and O'Bannon Creek in Loveland on the Little Miami Railroad's route. By 1850, the H&C had completed the 37 miles (60 km) to Hillsboro, Ohio. The H&C would lease its line in perpetuity to the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad and ultimately became the mainline of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Loveland's location at the junction of the Little Miami Railroad (now converted into the Loveland Bike Trail) and the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad fueled the city's growth, bringing "40 passenger trains per day, and 12 scheduled freight trains between Loveland and Cincinnati."[32]

Another railroad ran through antebellum Loveland: the Underground Railroad's Eastern Route from Cincinnati included a stop at the village and continued northward to Waynesville and Lebanon.[40][41] During the Civil War, Confederate Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan and his troops passed through Loveland, seizing possessions of northern and southern sympathizers alike (see Morgan's Raid).[42]

Until wagon bridges were built across the Little Miami River, settlement of Loveland was mostly confined to the Clermont County side, which had access to a railroad station.[33][43] A wooden bridge spanned the river at Symmestown and Branch Hill from 1850 until it washed out six years later.[44] For years, residents on both sides pushed for a bridge at Loveland, to avoid the long trip to Foster's Crossing or Miamiville, and by 1868 threatened to have Miami Township annexed to Hamiton County if Clermont County officials continued to obstruct the project.[45] A $75,000 suspension bridge was finally built at Symmestown and Branch Hill and dedicated on July 4, 1871. It was anchored by four 7,000-pound (3,200 kg) wrought iron columns, at that time the heaviest ever made in the United States.[44] A second bridge, connecting East and West Loveland, was completed between 1872 and 1876.

In 1876, the Cincinnati Campground at Loveland was the site of the holiness movement's tenth annual National Camp Meeting.[46]

In 1886, the skeleton of a mastodon and prehistoric stone tools were found in a Loveland gravel pit.[47]

In 1903, Loveland voted to become a dry village,[48] prohibiting the sale of alcohol within the village limits 17 years before a national ban. Loveland was a center of the Temperance movement in Ohio.[49]

Downtown Loveland's proximity to the Little Miami River has made it vulnerable to flooding. The worst such event, the Ohio Flood of March 1913, destroyed a corn mill[33] and washed out the Loveland Bridge, which was replaced with an iron bridge the next year.[50]

In the 1920s, The Cincinnati Enquirer ran a promotion that offered a free plot of land in Loveland, along the Little Miami River, after paying for a one-year subscription to the daily.[51]

During the 1930s, the nearby town of Branch Hill was home to the Arrowhead Club, a casino associated with the Cleveland Syndicate that served residents of Indian Hill.[52][53]

Growing city

After a population spike during the 1950s, Loveland reincorporated as a chartered city – the first of only two in Clermont County – on July 25, 1961,[33] with George Anderson as its first mayor.[32] The city absorbed smaller settlements, such as Paxton,[54] Obanionsville, and Symmestown. German architect Rudolf Fränkel developed a master plan for Loveland.

Another major flood in 1959 led to the construction of a dike along the Little Miami River in 1962–1963.[43]

The long-abandoned Little Miami Railroad corridor was converted into a bike trail in the 1980s[55] and became part of the Little Miami Scenic Trail in 1984.[56]

Loveland has periodically sought to expand its borders by annexing surrounding areas, primarily to the more commercially active west. In 1993, the city attempted to annex parts of Deerfield Township, prompting petitions to instead merge the township with the City of Mason.[57] Moves to merge Symmes Township with Loveland began the next year[58] but ultimately failed. In 1996, Loveland moved its eastern border by purchasing Col. Paxton's original White Pillars homestead,[54] which had remained unincorporated, despite being the first settlement in the Loveland area.

Historic Downtown Loveland at the Loveland Bike Trail crossing. Seen here is Loveland Avenue, which was originally named Jackson Street.[59]

In the late 1990s, Loveland was designated a Tree City by the National Arbor Day Foundation, as it began a number of efforts to promote its Historic Downtown neighborhood, in part to celebrate the city's bicentennial. The programs included a renovation of Historic Downtown itself to sport a more "gentrified" look, for example replacing concrete sidewalks with brick ones, installing park benches throughout, and providing incentives to businesses willing to improve their façades. Major roads such as South Lebanon Road (County Road 298[60]) were expanded and given landscaped medians.

The Loveland Beautification Committee was established to sponsor various programs and events that aim to improve landscapes and other buildings around town. Under the mayorship of Lee Skierkiewicz, Loveland heavily promoted itself as a cycling destination. The Tour de Loveland, an annual cycling race, was started in order to promote the Loveland Bike Trail as the centerpiece of Historic Downtown Loveland. The city's efforts culminated with USA Cycling Elite National Championship criteriums in June 1998.[61][62] On January 24, 2005, Loveland City Council voted to cancel the Tour, due to declining attendance and a lack of sponsors.[63]

On April 9, 1999, Loveland found itself in the path of an F4 tornado (see Fujita scale). The tornado claimed four fatalities, including a Loveland resident,[64] before reaching the city.

With "four blooms", Loveland won the 2005 America in Bloom competition for cities with 10,001 to 15,000 residents.[65] Loveland lost to St. Ives/Carbis Bay in the 2006 Communities in Bloom International Challenge, medium category, but won the "Communities in Bloom Youth Involvement Project Award."[66]

In 2004, CSX Transportation leased the former Baltimore and Ohio railroad to RailAmerica's Indiana and Ohio Railway system.[67][68] On May 4, 2007, Ohio's first four-quadrant gate was installed at the Second Street railroad crossing in Loveland,[69] as part of a coordinated three-crossing system.[70]

Zoning controversies

Loveland has seen several controversies over zoning regulation. After the city acquired the White Pillars property in 1996, it began plans to develop the land, which is situated on State Route 48. Prior to being elected councilman, Paul Elliot participated in a lawsuit against the city over attempting to rezone the property for commercial use without voter approval. In 2003, Mike Showler led a successful referendum to block the rezoning.[71] An earlier attempt to develop a YMCA location on a section of Phillips Park also failed, when a group of residents protested the city's development plans, prompting the YMCA to abandon the location.[72][73] In December 2006, Loveland announced a plan to build a Loveland Recreation Center on land adjacent to Phillips Park. The city planned to enter into an operating agreement with the YMCA once the center was built;[73] however, the Recreation Center tax referendum was defeated in May 2007. The Recreation Center plan was later revised,[74] but Loveland residents again rejected an income tax levy to fund the center on November 6, 2007.[75][76]

Shooter's Supply, a local gun store, proposed building an indoor shooting range at the former location of the Matthew 25: Ministries humanitarian agency. Nearby residents attempted to block the shooting range, which would be built near several apartment complexes and residential neighborhoods, as well as a church.[77] In May 2007, the building was instead converted into a boarding kennel.[78]

Demographics

Loveland's main welcome sign
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1880595—
18901,15393.8%
19001,2609.3%
19101,42112.8%
19201,5579.6%
19301,95425.5%
19401,904−2.6%
19502,14912.9%
19605,008133.0%
19707,12642.3%
19809,10627.8%
19909,9909.7%
200011,67716.9%
201012,0813.5%
Est. 201512,585[79]4.2%
Sources:[9][80][81][82][83][84][85] [86]

In 1880, when the first census was taken of Loveland in Clermont County, the village had 595 residents,[87] while the unincorporated Hamilton County community of West Loveland had 197.[88] In 1890, Loveland grew to 761 residents in Clermont and Warren counties,[89][90] while West Loveland's population increased to 392.[91]

2010 census

As of the census[6] of 2010, there were 12,081 people, 4,701 households, and 3,270 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,450.5 inhabitants per square mile (946.1/km2). There were 4,961 housing units at an average density of 1,006.3 per square mile (388.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.5% White, 2.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.7% Asian (of whom 36% were Asian Indian and 20% were Chinese), 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population, of whom 53% were of Mexican descent.

There were 4,701 households of which 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.5% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.4% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the city was 38 years. 27.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.6% were from 25 to 44; 27.2% were from 45 to 64; and 12.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

The median income for a household in the city was $68,801, and the median income for a family was $89,199. Males had median earnings of $70,262 versus $44,652 for females. The per capita income for the city was $32,024, while the unemployment rate was 5.4% for those age 16 or older. About 8.0% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over. According to 2002 data from the Internal Revenue Service, Loveland residents gave 2.60% of their net income to charity.[92]

Education

The city's main public school district, Loveland City School District, operated as separate Loveland East and Loveland West districts until 1926.[32] Until 2009, Loveland High School was located in Symmes Township, just outside the city limits. The northern- and southernmost parts of Loveland are served by Sycamore Community School District. Surrounding communities lie within the boundaries of Kings Local School District (see Kings High School), Milford Exempted Village School District (Milford High School), and Little Miami Local School District (Little Miami High School).[93] The city is also served by the Great Oaks Institute of Technology and Career Development, a regional vocational school district, as well as three county boards of MRDD. There are many private schools located near Loveland, including Cincinnati Hills Christian Academy, Archbishop Moeller High School, and Ursuline Academy at the secondary level, and St. Margaret of York School, St. Columban School, and Children's Meeting House Montessori School at the elementary level. At the 2000 census, 24.6% of Loveland children attended private or parochial schools, the nineteenth-highest rate among Greater Cincinnati communities.[94]

The Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County maintains a branch library in downtown Loveland, as well as a larger regional branch library in Symmes Township.[95] The nearest branch of the Clermont County Public Library is in Milford. Warren County has no county-wide public library system, but the Mason Public Library is the nearest public library in the county.

Culture and recreation

Loveland Bike Trail

Biking along the Loveland Bike Trail and canoeing along the Little Miami River are popular activities during the summer. Loveland has a series of 16 city parks, including neighborhood "tot lots", Nisbet Park, a Veteran's Memorial, and Fireman's Memorial. The parks are maintained by the City of Loveland Recreation Commission. The Loveland Bike Trail is a popular segment of the Little Miami Scenic Trail, a state park that runs through the city. From spring to fall, people canoe down the Little Miami River, departing from the livery at Loveland Canoe & Kayak.[96]

Loveland is included in the Dan Beard Council of the Boy Scouts of America, which operates the 506-acre (205 ha) Dan Beard Reservation campground in Miamiville to the south.[97] Another landmark, Shield's Crossing, is located nearby. The Gothic-style building, also known as the William Johnston House, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[98] The Grail's national headquarters and retreat center, known as Grailville, has been located just outside Loveland since 1944.[99]

Dan Beard Reservation

Loveland's indoor attractions include Castle Skateland, a roller skating rink not to be confused with the museum;[100] and the Loveland Stage Company, a theatre group that started in 1979 and has performed at least two major productions each year since 1980. In October 2002, after several years of fundraising and renovations, the group moved into Crist Theater, an old movie theater donated by the Loveland–Symmes Fire Department, which is stationed next door.[101] The building had to be rebuilt[102] after a fire gutted it on October 20, 2008.[103]

Until the late 1990s, the Baldwin Piano Company was headquartered in Loveland.[104]

Fireworks displays by Rozzi's Famous Fireworks of nearby Symmes Township are a staple at summer events. The Loveland area offers a small collection of bars and restaurants including The Works, Paxton's Grill, LaRosa's Pizzeria, Cindy's Friendly Tavern, Zappz, Tano Bistro & Catering, and Julian's Deli.

Although the city's unusual name came from the last name of the village storeowner and postmaster,[33] rather than the concept, Loveland has incorporated a "love" theme throughout the city. Loveland water towers and park signs sport the city's logo: a red heart inscribed with a sun, clouds, and the Little Miami River, and surrounded with the city's nickname, "Sweetheart of Ohio." The Loveland Post Office, which began operations on October 24, 1831, as the Obionsville Post Office,[105] was also the site of the United States Postal Service's unveiling of a special "Love Stamp" in 1994. Each year since 1972, the Loveland Area Chamber of Commerce has run a special Valentine's Day program, which includes a poetry contest and the selection of a volunteer "Valentine Lady". The Valentine Lady helps stamp up to 20,000 envelopes by hand with a Valentine-themed cachet and cancellation that reads "There is nothing in this world so sweet as Love."[28][106][107] The first Valentine Lady was Doris Pfiester.[108] As of 1992, Valentine's Day is the only day of the year when non-residents may reserve Loveland City Hall for marriage ceremonies, other than for senior citizens.[109]

In 2013, Loveland was named a "Best Hometown" by Ohio Magazine.[110]

Media

Loveland's local media consists of the online newspaper Loveland Magazine which began publishing local news in 2004, and The Loveland Herald. Loveland Magazine, published by David Miller, is a member of the Ohio Newspaper Association (ONA) and is the only locally owned newspaper located in the City. Loveland Magazine was the first "on-line only" newspaper accepted into the ONA. The Herald was called The Tri-County Press from 1901 until 1917, when it took its present name. The editorial offices of the Loveland Herald moved from the Loveland area to West Chester in 2015. The Loveland Herald is now part of the USA Today Network which is owned by the Gannett Company, and part of Enquirer Media.

Defunct newspapers include The Loveland Weekly Herald (1877–?), The Loveland Enterprise (1884–?), The Hustler (1906–1911), The Loveland News World (1980s), and The Loveland Record.[111]

Notable people

This list includes notable people who at some point lived in Loveland:

Arts and entertainment
Athletics
Business
  • Cecil Bauer – Mayor of Loveland, owner of Bauer Insurance
  • Joshua I. Smith – founder of Maxima Corporation;[133] chair of the United States Commission on Minority Business Development
Military
Politics and law

On Television: An episode of the X-Files takes place in Loveland.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Sweetheart of Ohio Loveland 1876". Trademark Applications and Registrations Retrieval. United States Patent and Trademark Office. Retrieved July 18, 2011.
  2. ↑ "Hamilton County Officials 2016" (PDF). Hamilton County Board of Elections. 27 January 2016. p. 14. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  3. 1 2 "Meet Your Council". City of Loveland. 2013. Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  4. 1 2 "City Manager's Office". City of Loveland. Retrieved November 28, 2014.
  5. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 24, 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
  6. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
  7. 1 2 "Loveland (city), Ohio". State & County QuickFacts. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
  8. 1 2 "2000 Census Tract, ZIP Code, and Political Jurisdictions, with Streets" (PDF). Hamilton County Regional Planning Commission. Retrieved April 24, 2008. Based on United States Census data.
  9. 1 2 3 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on September 11, 2013. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  10. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  11. 1 2 Steele, Jeremy W. (August 19, 2003). "You say your city hall is two counties away?". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Archived from the original on December 4, 2004. Retrieved July 31, 2006.
  12. ↑ Houck, Jeanne (December 3, 2010). "Loveland heads off double taxation". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. Retrieved December 5, 2010. The Warren County Board of Commissioners recently agreed to adjust the boundaries of Hamilton Township in Warren County to make a 71-acre parcel of land there part of the 'paper' Loveland Township, with boundaries identical to the city of Loveland.
  13. ↑ "Table A – Annexations and Detachments". Codified Ordinances of Loveland, Ohio. Walter H. Drane Company. January 1, 2010. Retrieved December 5, 2010. 1990-14 / 2-27-90 / Directing the City Solicitor to petition the Board of County Commissioners of Clermont County for a change in the boundary lines of Loveland Township so as to make them identical with the corporate limits of the City...; 1990-15 / 2-27-90 / Directing the City Solicitor to petition the Board of County Commissioners of Hamilton County for a change in the boundary lines of Loveland Township so as to make them identical with the corporate limits of the City...
  14. ↑ https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupResultsAction!input.action?resultMode=2&postalCode=45140
  15. ↑ "Loveland Mayor's Court". Loveland Police Division. October 16, 2009. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  16. ↑ "Ohio Congressional Districts 2012–2022" (PDF). Ohio Secretary of State. September 25, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Hamilton County House Districts" (PDF). Ohio Secretary of State. September 30, 2011. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  18. ↑ "Senate District Maps" (PDF). Ohio Secretary of State. October 11, 2011. pp. 7, 14. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  19. ↑ "Ohio Court of Appeals Districts" (PDF). Ohio Secretary of State. September 28, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  20. ↑ Loveland City Ordinance 105.01 Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.: "Corporate Seal". Walter H. Drane Company.
  21. ↑ Bradley, Eric (February 23, 2010). "Mason joins fire collaborative". Community Press Mason–Deerfield. The Community Press. Retrieved March 1, 2010. Mason joins the Blue Ash, Loveland-Symmes, Sharonville and Sycamore Township fire departments in the [Northeast Fire Collaborative], now representing 345 firefighters protecting 71 square miles with a population of about 105,000.
  22. ↑ Knapp, Andrew (April 18, 2008). "Sirens WILL Sound in Loveland and Symmes". Cincinnati.com. Gannett Company. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
  23. ↑ "Ohio Telephone Service Area Maps by County". Public Utilities Commission of Ohio. December 26, 2003. Retrieved April 23, 2008.
  24. ↑ "Ohio Electric Service Area Maps by County". Public Utilities Commission of Ohio. December 30, 2003. Retrieved April 23, 2008.
  25. ↑ "Ohio Gas Service Area Maps by County". Public Utilities Commission of Ohio. July 19, 2005. Retrieved April 23, 2008.
  26. ↑ Houck, Jeanne (October 6, 2010). "City manager says solid-waste contract will save residents more than $320,000". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. Retrieved October 8, 2010. Loveland City Council approved a contract for solid-waste and recycling services with Rumpke Consolidated Companies of Colerain Township through the Southwest Ohio Regional Refuse consortium...
  27. ↑ Lehr, Kathy (July 22, 2008). "New Plan to Pool Water Resources". Cincinnati.com. Gannett Company. Retrieved July 24, 2008.
  28. 1 2 Brunsman, Barrett J. (October 30, 2008). "Loveland wants its sewer plant". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 30, 2008. City officials want out of the sewer district by 2010 because of rate increases.... Loveland owns the Polk Run waste-water treatment plant, but Hamilton County has operated it since 1985, [Tom] Carroll said.
  29. ↑ Horn, Dan (September 15, 2010). "Court: Loveland can't leave MSD". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved September 16, 2010. The U.S. 6th Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a lower court ruling Wednesday that barred the city from pulling its waste-water treatment plant out of the sewer district.
  30. ↑ "City of Loveland, Ohio, USA". Communities in Bloom. Loveland Beautification Committee. Retrieved August 1, 2006.
  31. ↑ Smith & Smith 1964, p. 159.
  32. 1 2 3 4 "History of the Loveland Area". Loveland Area Chamber of Commerce. 2005. Retrieved May 2, 2006.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 "Loveland". History of Clermont County Villages. Clermont County, Ohio. Archived from the original on 2006-09-27.
  34. ↑ "History of Branch Hill Bridge". History Buffs. Hamilton County Engineer's Office. May 22, 2007. Retrieved June 9, 2007.
  35. 1 2 Woolery, Alisha. "Loveland's natural touch". Cincinnati.com. Gannett. Archived from the original on February 16, 2012. Retrieved May 18, 2006.
  36. 1 2 Morris, William W.; Krieger, E. B., eds. (1921). The Bench and Bar of Cincinnati: Commemorating the Building of the New Court House. Cincinnati: New Court House Publishing Company. p. 16. It is a coincidence that his county home near Loveland, later came into the possession, for a few years, of Judge Charles J. Hunt, during the years the latter occupied the local Common Pleas Court bench.
  37. ↑ Carter, Patricia A. "Housing the Women Who Toiled: Planned Residences for Single Women, Cincinnati 1860–1960". Ohio History. Ohio Historical Society. 105: 46–71. The YWCA's summer cottage was in Loveland, a rural community 25 miles from the city...
  38. ↑ Thomas, Charles M. "Contrasts in 150 Years of Publishing in Ohio". Ohio History. Ohio Historical Society. 51: 184–194. There [in Loveland], on the Little Miami River, John Smith built the first paper mill in Ohio for a settler named Christian Waldschmidt or Wallsmith.
  39. ↑ Smith & Smith 1964, p. 419: "The Clermont County hills around Loveland were famous for peaches and strawberries that were shipped to all parts of the United States. In 1845 one grower sent 400 quarts of strawberries to the Cincinnati market in one day; some were packed in ice and shipped to New Orleans."
  40. ↑ Truong, Quan (January 27, 2009). "Rev. Thomas B. Foster led history group". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved January 27, 2009. [Rev. Thomas B. Foster's] family farm was also a stopping point for slaves on the Underground Railroad in the 1850s. 'His great-grandfather would put (the slaves) in a wagon and cover it with straw and take them on up to Waynesville,' Avery Foster said.
  41. ↑ Siebert, Wilbur H. The Underground Railroad in Ohio, vol. 11 (PDF). Visible in Routes of the Underground Railroad, 1830 - 1865, by the same author.
  42. ↑ Bennish, Steve (September 19, 1999). "The Longest Raid" (fee required). Dayton Daily News. Dayton, Ohio: Cox Ohio Publishing. p. B1. Retrieved August 28, 2010. As Morgan made his way through the Buckeye state, his raid became a series of unforgettable encounters that played like lost script pages from The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. In northern Loveland in Warren County, Sarah Todd Jones, described by Horwitz as a 'sharp-tongued' Southern sympathizer, tried to save her horse from being taken. 'I am a Rebel,' she pleaded. 'All my sympathy is with the South ... Please don't take my horse!' The trooper paused thoughtfully. 'Well, if it's true that you support our cause, then we thank you for your donation,' he said, sweeping his hat off in a grand gesture. Review of Horwitz, Lester V. (2003). The Longest Raid of the Civil War: Little-Known & Untold Stories of Morgan's Raid Into Kentucky, Indiana & Ohio. Cincinnati, Ohio: Farmcourt Publishing, Inc. ISBN 0-9670267-3-3.
  43. 1 2 "Loveland History". Greater Loveland Historical Society. Retrieved February 8, 2009.
  44. 1 2 "The fourth at branch hill". The Cincinnati Daily Enquirer. July 6, 1871. p. 3.
  45. ↑ "Important bridge meeting". The Cincinnati Daily Enquirer. December 1, 1868. p. 8.
  46. ↑ "The National Camp-Meeting at Loveland". The Cincinnati Enquirer. July 22, 1876. p. 8.
  47. ↑ Smith & Smith 1964, p. 24: "Bones of a mastodon and implements were found thirty feet below the surface of the ground, in a gravel pit, at Loveland, Ohio, in 1866."
  48. ↑ "Loveland – A Dry Town". The Informer. 6 (9). Ohio Historical Center Archives Library. February 1903. p. 1. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  49. ↑ "Ohio Democratic Faith.; Little Outward Comfort for the Party —Tilden and Bookwalter.". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. August 22, 1881. p. 1. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  50. ↑ Beller, Janet Brock; Nason, Maxine Elliott (1992). Loveland: Passages Through Time. Greater Loveland Historical Society. OCLC 27166122. line feed character in |title= at position 10 (help)
  51. ↑ "Knights of the Golden Trail". Historic Loveland Castle Museum. July 18, 2002. Retrieved July 5, 2007.
  52. ↑ Trimble, Gene (January 12, 2009). "The Arrowhead Club". Retrieved January 28, 2009.
  53. ↑ Gibson, Chuck (January 27, 2009). "Coffee company helps old building perk up". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. Retrieved January 27, 2009. Patti's biggest surprise was learning that Branch Hill was a town; Arrowhead Apartments was a casino at the turn of the century and later a golf course.
  54. 1 2 Stephany, Amanda. "White Pillars". City of Loveland. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  55. 1 2 McNutt, Randy (August 19, 2003). "Loveland, Symmes still recall Civil War, rail era". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved April 6, 2007.
  56. ↑ "Amendment and Addition to the City of Loveland Downtown Historic Redevelopment Plan" (Word). Historic Downtown Loveland Request For Proposals. City of Loveland. September 28, 2004. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  57. ↑ Hunter, Ginny (January 16, 1993). "Petitions Flying in Annexation War". The Cincinnati Post. E. W. Scripps Company. p. 5A. Retrieved September 8, 2006.
  58. ↑ Hunter, Ginny (August 18, 1994). "Petitions would put merger panel to vote Loveland Council hears residents". The Cincinnati Post. E. W. Scripps Company. p. Editorial 1. Retrieved September 8, 2006.
  59. ↑ "Jackson Street (Loveland, Ohio)". Clyde N. Bowden Postcard Collection. Greater Cincinnati Memory Project. Retrieved June 9, 2007.
  60. ↑ "Cincinnati Map 5" (PDF). Functional Classification Maps. Office of Systems Planning and Program Management, Ohio Department of Transportation. 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 11, 2008. Retrieved August 13, 2007.
  61. ↑ Queenan, Bob (April 21, 1998). "Area becoming cycling mecca". The Cincinnati Post. E. W. Scripps Company. Archived from the original on November 8, 2004. Retrieved November 30, 2006.
  62. ↑ Keeler, Sean (June 24, 1998). "Loveland hosts cycling nationals". The Cincinnati Post. E. W. Scripps Company. Archived from the original on November 8, 2004. Retrieved November 30, 2006.
  63. ↑ "Loveland cancels bike race". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett. January 25, 2006. Retrieved May 2, 2006.
  64. ↑ Wilkinson, Howard (April 10, 1999). "Hope emerges from the rubble". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  65. ↑ "America In Bloom 2005 Award Winners". America in Bloom. America in Bloom. September 12, 2005. Archived from the original on May 22, 2006. Retrieved August 1, 2006.
  66. ↑ "The results are in...congratulations to all national finalists". Communities in Bloom. 2006. Retrieved September 28, 2006.
  67. ↑ "B&O Timeline" (PDF). Transportation Timelines. Lane Public Library. December 10, 2007. p. 5. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
  68. ↑ Indiana & Ohio (PDF) (Map). RailAmerica. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
  69. ↑ Kemme, Steve (April 3, 2007). "Loveland rail crossing upgraded". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett. Retrieved April 3, 2007.
  70. ↑ Baker, Jennifer (February 14, 2009). "Crossing gates break down again". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved February 14, 2009. The gates cover three interconnected railroad crossings at West Loveland Avenue, Second Street (Ohio 48) and Riverside Drive. ... RailAmerica owns the Indiana & Ohio Railroad, which is responsible for all the signal equipment along the rail line, including all the electronics, [Stu Nicholson] said.
  71. ↑ McLaughlin, Sheila (August 26, 2004). "Loveland eases gun law". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett. Retrieved October 21, 2006.
  72. ↑ Winston, Earnest (June 27, 2001). "Opposition voiced to YMCA in park". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett. Retrieved May 2, 2006.
  73. 1 2 "YMCA scraps plan for Loveland facility". Cincinnati Business Courier. American City Business Journals. January 24, 2002. Retrieved May 2, 2006.
  74. ↑ "Loveland Recreation Aquatic Center Information". City of Loveland. July 11, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2008. Retrieved July 18, 2007.
  75. ↑ "Cumulative – Unofficial / Hamilton County, Ohio – General Election – November 6, 2007" (PDF). Board of Elections, Hamilton County, Ohio. November 7, 2007. p. 79. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 11, 2008. Retrieved November 7, 2007.
  76. ↑ Whitaker, Carrie (November 7, 2007). "Loveland rec center a dead deal". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved November 7, 2007.
  77. ↑ Prendergast, Jane (October 21, 2006). "Loveland shooting range is closer". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett. Retrieved October 21, 2006.
  78. ↑ McKinney, Jeff (August 10, 2007). "Luxury pet lodge opens". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved August 11, 2007. McKinney, Jeff (August 12, 2007). "Take a trip; pamper your pet". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved August 12, 2007.
  79. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  80. ↑ "Population of Civil Divisions Less than Counties" (PDF). Statistics of the Population of the United States at the Tenth Census. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  81. ↑ "Population: Ohio" (PDF). 1910 U.S. Census. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  82. ↑ "Population: Ohio" (PDF). 1930 US Census. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  83. ↑ "Number of Inhabitants: Ohio" (PDF). 18th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  84. ↑ "Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  85. ↑ "Decennial Census of Population, 1900 to 2000, by Place" (PDF). Office of Strategic Research, Ohio Department of Development. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  86. ↑ "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 17, 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
  87. ↑ Compendium of the Tenth Census, Part I. Washington, D.C.: Census Office, United States Department of the Interior, United States Government Printing Office. 1883. p. 246. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  88. ↑ Ford, Henry A., A.M.; Ford, Kate B. (1881). "Symmes". History of Hamilton County Ohio, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches. L. A. Williams & Co. p. 400. Retrieved June 8, 2007.
  89. ↑ "Ohio "L"". 1895 World Atlas. Livingston County Michigan History & Genealogy Project. 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2007. Compiled from The New 11 × 14 Atlas of the World. Rand McNally. 1895.
  90. ↑ Poorman, Christian L. (1893). Annual Report of the Secretary of State to the Governor of the State of Ohio, for the Fiscal Year Ending November 15. Columbus, Ohio. Total for Loveland village (a), in Miami township, Clermont county, Loveland village (part of) 732 ... Total for Loveland village (a), in Hamilton township, Loveland village (part of) 29
  91. ↑ "Census of Cincinnati and Hamilton County, 1890". History of Cincinnati and Hamilton County: Their Past and Present. Cincinnati, Ohio: S. B. Nelson & Co., Publishers. 1894. pp. 457–458. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  92. ↑ Korte, Gregory. "How generous is your neighborhood? Charity has a ZIP code, and it's 45051". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved July 5, 2007.
  93. ↑ "Ohio School Districts and Townships by County – Revised 2007". Public Utilities Commission of Ohio. March 5, 2007. Retrieved April 23, 2008.
  94. ↑ Alltucker, Ken (October 20, 2002). "Tristaters put stock in private schools". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. p. A1. Retrieved October 21, 2007.
  95. ↑ "Library Locations". Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
  96. ↑ Loveland Canoe & Kayak
  97. ↑ 2005 Leader's Booklet (PDF). Dan Beard Council, Boy Scouts of America. February 25, 2005. p. 12. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
  98. ↑ "Shield's, Edwin M., House". National Register of Historic Places. Ohio Historic Preservation Office.
  99. ↑ "Grailville". The Grail in the USA. Retrieved March 17, 2010.
  100. ↑ "Castle Skateland boasts National Champions". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. August 31, 2009. Retrieved September 1, 2009. Family owned and operated since 1976, Castle Skateland in Loveland offers the largest skating floor in the Tristate inside a 32,000 square foot facility.
  101. ↑ "A Brief History of the Loveland Stage Company". Loveland Stage Company. December 7, 2005. Archived from the original on October 18, 2009. Retrieved May 29, 2006.
  102. ↑ Kraus, Chris (November 13, 2008). "Loveland Theatre to be Restored". Cincinnati.com. Gannett Company. Retrieved November 14, 2008.
  103. ↑ Baker, Jennifer (October 21, 2008). "Fire damages Loveland Stage Co.". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 21, 2008. Temporary lights to illuminate newly donated $6,000 stained glass windows at a local theater company sparked a fire late Monday that destroyed the building and caused about $300,000 in damages, a fire official said today.
  104. ↑ "COMPANY NEWS; Wurlitzer Sale To Baldwin". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Reuters. December 24, 1987. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  105. ↑ Gallagher, John S.; Patera, Alan H. (1979). The Post Offices of Ohio. Burtonsville, Maryland: The Depot. p. 111. Established as Obionsville Post Office on October 24, 1831, name changed to Obanionsville Post Office on July 31, 1832, name changed to Loveland Post Office on January 14, 1848. Check date values in: |access-date= (help);
  106. ↑ "Chamber Programs". Loveland Area Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on March 30, 2006. Retrieved May 18, 2006.
  107. ↑ "Chamber stamps valentines at post office". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. February 7, 2007. Retrieved February 13, 2007.
  108. ↑ Kemme, Steve (January 26, 2009). "So many towns have slogans". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved January 26, 2009. Each year, thousands of people send addressed, stamped envelopes to the Valentine Lady for the Loveland stamp. The original Valentine Lady was Doris Pfiester, a secretary to the Loveland Businessman's Club. After she died in 1982, her daughter, Ruth Jackson, took on the task of stamping the envelopes until 1988. Since then, the chamber of commerce has elected a new Valentine Lady each year.
  109. ↑ "Loveland shows its heart for Valentine weddings" (fee required). The Cincinnati Post. E. W. Scripps Company. February 4, 1992. Retrieved August 28, 2010. Five couples have reservations at Loveland City Hall to be married on Valentine's Day in the council chambers with Mayor Roland Boike officiating. City hall marriage ceremonies are restricted the rest of the year to Loveland residents, except in the case of senior citizens, city officials said.
  110. ↑ Keirn, Jennifer (November 2013). "Best Hometowns 2013–2014: Loveland". Ohio Magazine.
  111. ↑ McCarthy, Barbara. "Newspapers of Clermont County". Clermont County Genealogical Society. Archived from the original on December 9, 2007. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
  112. ↑ M., M. "Nancy Ford Cones (American, 1869–1962)". Cleveland Museum of Art. Retrieved February 8, 2009.
  113. ↑ Kiesewetter, John (June 4, 2000). "Writer models 'M.Y.O.B.' set after Loveland alma mater". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 16, 2006.
  114. ↑ Sidor, Liz (July 6, 2007). "World-renowned Opera Singer Lives in Loveland". Cincinnati.Com. Gannett Company. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
  115. ↑ Gelfand, Janelle (July 8, 2007). "Different paths for 'Nixon' stars". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
  116. ↑ Kiesewetter, John (August 31, 2003). "Warren County Scoutmaster pitches camp with 'Survivor'". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 16, 2006.
  117. ↑ Gibson, Chuck (January 15, 2010). "'Paranormal' Actress Comes Back Home for Christmas". The Loveland Herald.
  118. ↑ Maloney, Dick (December 3, 2013). "Tigers the talk of the town, and beyond". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. Retrieved December 4, 2013. Jake Robinson, Loveland native and St. Xavier High School graduate. Robinson is in his second season as Bennet on 'The Carrie Diaries'.
  119. ↑ "Jake Robinson". American Odyssey. NBC. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  120. ↑ Clark, Paul (March 2, 2009). "'Ziggy' cartoonist tells of depression". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved March 2, 2009. Much of the book derives from journals [Tom Wilson II] kept along the way, a practice he found therapeutic. Some were recorded on audiotape during his regular travels up Interstate 71 between his home in Loveland and his business in Cleveland, a cartoon-character licensing and branding company called Character Matters.
  121. ↑ Groeschen, Tom (April 12, 2008). "Prep coaches leave void". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  122. ↑ Matthews, Steven (May 13, 2008). "Benzinger approved as Lakota East's new girls hoops coach". The Middletown Journal. Middletown, Ohio: Cox Enterprises. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  123. ↑ Biggs, Don (2006). "Coaching Prospectus For Bantam Major AAA, 2006 / 2007" (PDF). Cincinnati Amateur Hockey Association. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  124. ↑ "Maureen Bechdolt Detro". OhioPix. Ohio Historical Society. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  125. ↑ Kraft, Joy (August 11, 2007). "NFL was easy by comparison". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved August 11, 2007.
  126. ↑ Gibson, Chuck (August 18, 2008). "Loveland woman competes in Beijing". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. Retrieved August 19, 2008.
  127. ↑ Zipperstein, Leah (December 23, 2009). "Olympic medalist dives into coaching" (fee required). The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved December 26, 2009. [Dan] Ketchum, a Sycamore High graduate who swam for Michigan and competed in the 2004 Olympics, is in his first season as coach at Loveland High. ... Ketchum works as an engineer for General Electric and lives in Loveland with his wife, a schoolteacher.
  128. ↑ Daly, Jon. "Tacks Latimer". The Baseball Biography Project. Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved April 23, 2008.
  129. ↑ "Lohr Leads on 63". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. UPI. July 18, 1986. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  130. ↑ "Jack Pfiester Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved April 6, 2007.
  131. ↑ Meale, Tony (July 1, 2009). "CHCA lands former pro, Olympian". The Loveland Herald. The Community Press. Retrieved July 2, 2009. Sylvester, who had dual citizenship in Italy and the United States, also helped the Italian team to a silver medal at the 1980 Olympics in Moscow .... Born in the Elder heartland, the current Loveland resident is eager to begin his tenure at CHCA.
  132. ↑ "Steve Wolf". CBS Press Express. CBS. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
  133. ↑ Schultz, Judith L. (March 21, 1990). "Minorities can be good business executive, pushes economic role for all" (fee required). Dayton Daily News. Dayton, Ohio: Cox Ohio Publishing. p. B6. Retrieved August 28, 2010. Smith, a Central State University graduate and Loveland, Ohio, native, said blacks, Hispanics, female heads of households and other minorities cost the country $200 billion annually in lost earning power, while the government foots a $100 billion annual bill for entitlement expenses.
  134. ↑ Charles Robson, ed. (1876). "James Hall (1793–1868)". The Biographical Encyclopaedia of Ohio of the Nineteenth Century. Cincinnati, Ohio: Galaxy Publishing Company. pp. 660–661.
  135. ↑ Massaquoi, Hans J. (May 1996). "Lindiwe Mabuza: South Africa's first black ambassador to Germany". Ebony. Johnson Publishing. Retrieved October 25, 2008. In the late `50s, she was given a chance to study in the United States, first at Grailville Community College in Loveland, Ohio, where she majored in home economics...
  136. ↑ "South Africa Thanks The Commonwealth And The UK In The Celebrations Of Freedom", Commonwealth Secretariat, 22 April 2004.
  137. ↑ "Full Biography for Chris Monzel". Smart Voter. League of Women Voters of Ohio. May 4, 2004. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  138. ↑ Graham, Michael (June 1992). "Jerry Springer Live!". Cincinnati Magazine. Columbus, Ohio: CM Media. 25 (9): 48. ISSN 0746-8210. Retrieved February 9, 2010. A resident of Loveland, [Jerry] Springer is married with a 15-year-old daughter...

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