Swarupnagar (community development block)

Swarupnagar
স্বরূপনগর সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক
Community development block
Swarupnagar

Location in West Bengal, India

Coordinates: 22°50′00″N 88°52′00″E / 22.8333°N 88.8667°E / 22.8333; 88.8667Coordinates: 22°50′00″N 88°52′00″E / 22.8333°N 88.8667°E / 22.8333; 88.8667
Country  India
State West Bengal
District North 24 Parganas
Government
 • Type Community development block
Area
 • Total 216 km2 (83 sq mi)
Elevation 9 m (30 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 256,075
 • Density 1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Bengali, English
Literacy (2011)
 • Total literates 178,557 (77.57%)
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 743286 (Swarupnagar)
Telephone/STD code 03217
Vehicle registration WB-23, WB-24, WB-25, WB-26
Lok Sabha constituency Bangaon
Vidhan Sabha constituency Swarupnagar
Website north24parganas.nic.in

Swarupnagar is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Basirhat subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Swarupnagar police station serves this block. Headquarters of this block is at Swarupnagar. It is located 30 km from Barasat, the district headquarters.

Geography

Location

It is located at 22°50′00″N 88°52′00″E / 22.8333°N 88.8667°E / 22.8333; 88.8667.

Swarupnagar CD Block is bounded by Gaighata CD Block in the north, Kalaroa Upazila in Satkhira District of Bangladesh in the east, Baduria CD Block in the south and west, and Habra I CD Block in the west.[1][2]

Area

Swarupnagar CD Block covers an area of 216.00 km2.[3]

Physical features

North 24 Parganas district is part of the Gangetic delta, lying east of the Hooghly River. The country is flat. It is a little raised above flood level and the highest ground borders the river channels. The rivers in the district were formerly distributaries of the Ganges but their mouths have long been filled up and blocked. The area is described as a sort of a drowned land broken by swamps. Land in the north-east of the district is higher than that of the rest of the district. The sturdy peasants raise crops of rice, jute and sugarcane from the alluvial soil. There are clumps of palm and fruit trees in which village homesteads nestle. Industrial activity is concentrated in the narrow strip of land along the Hooghly River. The south-eastern part of the district gradually merges into the Sunderbans.[4] Parts of the metropolitan city of Kolkata extend over southern part of the district.

Gram panchayats

Gram panchayats of Swarupnagar block/ panchayat samiti are: Balti Nityanandakati, Bithari Hakimpur, Kaijuri, Swarupnagar Banglani, Charghat, Saguna, Bankra Gokulpur, Gobindapur, Sharapul Nirman and Tepur Mirzapur.[5]

Demographics

As per 2011 Census of India Swarupnagar CD Block had a total population of 256,075, of which 251,715 were rural and 4,360 were urban. There were 131,510 (51%) males and 124,565 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 25,896. Scheduled Castes numbered 79,534 and Scheduled Tribes numbered 648.[6]

As per 2001 census, Swarupngar block has a total population of 226,333 out of which 115,630 were males and 110,703 were females. Swarupnagar block registered a population growth of 12.91 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 22.40 per cent.[3] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[7]

Census towns and large villages

There is one census town in Swarupnagar CD Block (2011 census figure in brackets) : Deora (4,360).[6]

Large villages in Swarupnagar CD Block were (2011 census figures in brackets): Parui (5,454), Kanchdah (6,224), Taranipur (4,569), Gobindapur (5,481), Purba Polta (7,483), Nalabara (7,572), Charghat (6,819), Gopalpur (6,799), Sarapul (8,290), Malanga Para (5,485), Banglani (24,422), Gokulpur (6,638), Galdaha (4,129), Chhota Bankra (4,040), Bara Bankra (6,866), Nirman (5,088), Dattapara (8,532), Bithari (19,287), Hakimpur (10,145), Nityananda Kati (4,190), Balti (4,407), Nabat Kati (4,207), Kaijuri (5,674) and Bhaduria (4,900).[6]

Literacy

As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Swarupnagar CD Block was 178,557 (77.57% of the population over 6 years) out of which 96,711 (54%) were males and 81,846 (46%) were females.[6]

As per 2011 census, literacy in North 24 Parganas district was 84.06 (including urban areas outside the CD Blocks).[8] Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[9] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[9]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Language

Bengali is the local language in these areas.[1]

Religion

Religion in Swarupnagar CD Block
Hindu
  
 52.17%
Muslim
  
 47.58%
Others
  
 0.25%

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 133,597 and formed 52.17% of the population in Swarupnagar CD Block. Muslims numbered 121,842 and formed 47.58% of the population. Others numbered 636 and formed 0.25% of the population.[10]

In 1981 Hindus numbered 89,374 and formed 57.64% of the population and Muslims numbered 65,668 and formed 42.35% of the population. In 1991 Hindus numbered 112,851 and formed 56.30% of the population and Muslims numbered 87,597 and formed 43.70% of the population in Swarupnagar CD Block. (In 1981 and 1991 census was conducted as per jurisdiction of the police station.)[11]

In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 7,352,769 and formed 73.46% of the population in North 24 Parganas district. Muslims numbered 2,584,684 and formed 25.82% of the population.[10]In West Bengal Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[10]

Human Development Report

According to Census 2001, 54% of the population of North 24 Parganas district lived in the urban areas. The district had 1,571 inhabited villages spread over 22 community development blocks. In the urban area there were 27 municipalities, 20 census towns, 7 urban outgrowths and one town under Cantonment Board. The North 24 Parganas district Human Development Report opines that in spite of agricultural productivity in North 24 Parganas district being rather impressive 81.84% of rural population suffered from shortage of food. The number of families living below the poverty line varied widely from block to block. Even in some municipal areas, such as Baduria, Gobardanga, Taki, Basirhat, Bangaon and Habra surveys have revealed large percentage of people living in poverty. Several poverty alleviation schemes are under implementation mostly at the block level. North 24 Parganas district with a population density of 2,192 persons per square km, was the third densest in West Bengal, after Kolkata and Howrah. The high density of population in the district is largely because of large scale migration of refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan, particularly in the period 1947 to 1955. In 2004, life expectancy at birth of a female was 71 years and that of a male was 66 years. With a literacy rate of 68.74% in 2001, the district was second only to Kolkata in the state in literacy. There were 6,139 habitations in the rural areas of North 24 Parganas. Out of these 2,331 habitations have primary schools within the villages and another 3,334 habitations have primary schools within 1 km. There are 474 habitations with primary schools beyond 1 km from the village. There were 258 high schools in the rural areas of the district.[12]

Swarupnagar CD Block had a population density of 1,053 persons per km2. It was ranked 17 amongst the 22 CD Blocks for density of population in 2001. It had a literacy rate of 69.15%, ranking of 12. Male literacy rate was 76.02% and female literacy rate was 61.95%. Percentage distribution of main workers in Swarupnagar CD Block was cultivators 31.51, agricultural labourers 31.53, household industry workers 5.29 and other workers 31.67 (non-agricultural, non-household). 27.21% of households in this CD Block lived below poverty line.[12]

In the Swarupnagar CD Block 14 villages had secondary schools and for 98.48% villages a college was more than 5 km away. Swarupnagar had 17 high schools with 10,250 students and 274 teachers. It had 7 higher secondary schools with 7,503 students and 173 teachers.[12]

In Swarupnagar, 77.27% of the villages had electricity for domestic use, 95.59% villages had paved approach roads, 98.58% villages had primary schools, 28.79% of the villages had maternity and child welfare centres, and 100% villages had drinking water. The tube well is the source of drinking water in 1,244 out of 1,572 villages in the district. In Swarupnagar CD Block, 51 villages had tube wells for drinking water, 12 villages had tap water, 1 village used well water and 2 villages used tank water. Swarupnagar CD Block had 94 km surfaced roads and 190 km unsurfaced roads.[12]

North 24 Parganas is one of the leading districts in the formation and development of self-help groups. In Swarupnagar there were 1,013 such groups. The major activities done by these groups were animal husbandary, mat-making and tailoring. Swarupnagar CD Block had 3 health centres and 34 sub-centres.[12]

Healthcare

Swarupnagar block is one of the areas where ground water is affected by arsenic contamination.[13]

References

  1. 1 2 "Swarupnagar Block". onefivenine. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  2. ↑ "North 24 Parganas District". Map Gallery – CD Blocks. North 24 Parganas district administration. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  3. 1 2 "Census of India 2001, Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal, Table - 4". North Twenty Four Parganas District (11). Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
  4. ↑ O'Malley, Lewis Sydney Steward (1914). Bengal District Gazetteers: 24 Parganas. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 1–4. ISBN 978-81-7268-193-7.
  5. ↑ From Basirhat subdivision page.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  7. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
  8. ↑ "District Census 2011". Population Census 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  9. 1 2 "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
  10. 1 2 3 "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  11. ↑ "Block Level Statistics of North 24 Parganas District" (PDF). Handbook 2004. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 "District Human Development Report: North 24 Parganas" (PDF). Intro Pp 3, 6, 8, 22, 38, 202; Block specific Pp 20, 22, 27, 28, 31, 86, 89, 123, 145, 151, 189. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  13. ↑ "Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study )". Groundwater arsenic contamination status of North 24-Parganas district, one of the nine arsenic affected districts of West Bengal-India. SOES. Retrieved 2011-02-17.
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