Para (community development block)

For other uses, see Para (disambiguation).
Para
পারা
Community development block
সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক
Para

Location in West Bengal

Coordinates: 23°31′00″N 86°31′00″E / 23.51667°N 86.51667°E / 23.51667; 86.51667
Country  India
State West Bengal
District Purulia
Parliamentary constituency Purulia
Assembly constituency Para
Area
 • Total 312.59 km2 (120.69 sq mi)
Elevation 192 m (630 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 200,621
 • Density 640/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
Time zone IST (UTC+5.30)
PIN 723155 (Para)
723162 (Dubra)
723126 (Anara RS)
723146 (Santaldih TP)
Telephone/STD code 03251
Vehicle registration WB-55, WB-56
Literacy Rate 65.62 per cent
Website http://parablock.org/
http://purulia.gov.in/

Para is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Raghunathpur subdivision of Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

History

Background

The Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra of 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of Jungle Mahals district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to Purulia. In 1956, Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.[1]

Geography

Overview

Purulia is the western-most district of West Bengal.[2]The area forms the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills.[3]The generally flat uplands have spurs projected from the higher plateau in the west. Towards the east the undulatios are less pronounced and the country presents the appearance of rolling downs with isolated conical hills here and there. In the south, the Baghmundi or Ajodhya Hills reaches an elevation of over 2,000 feet at places. The district generally slopes down from the west to the east.[4]Important rivers in the district are: Damodar, Kangsabati, Kumari, Dwarakeswar and Subarnarekha.[5]Purulia district had a total forest cover of 185,726 hectares or 29.69% of the total land area in the district. Natural forest of the district is mainly restricted to the south-west part of the district covering the Ajodhya Hills and to the Panchet Hill in the north-east.[6]

Location

Para is located at 23°31′N 86°31′E / 23.52°N 86.52°E / 23.52; 86.52.

Para CD Block is bounded by Raghunathpur II CD Block on the north, Raghunathpur I and Kashipur CD Blocks on the east, Hura and Purulia II CD Blocks on the south and Jhalda II CD Block and Chandankiyari CD Block, in Bokaro district of Jharkhand, on the west.[7][8]

It is located 29 km from Purulia, the district headquarters.[7]

Area and administration

Para CD Block has an area of 312.59 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 136 gram sansads (village councils), 135 mouzas, 118 inhabited villages and 5 census towns. Para and Santaldih (partly) police stations serve this block.[9]Headquarters of this CD Block is at Para.[10][11]

Gram panchayats

Gram panchayats of Para block/panchayat samiti are: Anara, Bahara, Deoli, Dubra, Jabarra Jhapra I, Jabara Jhapra II, Nadiha Surulia, Para and Udaipur-Joinagar.[12]

Demographics

Population

As per the 2011 Census of India Para CD Block had a total population of 200,621, of which 167,997 were rural and 32,624 were urban. There were 103,306 (51%) males and 97,315 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 29,376. Scheduled Castes numbered 66,751 (33.27%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 10,335 (5.15%). [13]

As per 2001 census, Para block had a total population of 174,596, out of which 90,259 were males and 84,337 were females. Para block registered a population growth of 15.45 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.[14]Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[15]

Census Towns and villages

Census Towns in Para CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Santaldih Power Project Town (2,507), Kanki (6,884), Dubra (5,506), Chapari (6,556) and Shankara (11,171).[13]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Para CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Para (9,697), Anara (5,517) and Phusrabai 4,207).[13]

Other villages in Para CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Deuli (2,044), Jabarra (3,244), Nadiha (2,029), Baharra (2,241), Suruliya (3,405) and Jhapra alias Udaipur (2,944).[13]

Literacy

As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Para CD Block was 112,377 (65.62% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 70,311 (79.61% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 42,066 (50.73%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 28.88%.[13]

As per the 2011 census, literacy in Purulia district was 64.48%, up from 55.57 in 2001.[16]Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[17]Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[17]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Languages

Bengali is the local language in these areas.[7]

Along the western borders of the district the local Bengali dialect spoken in the area often merges with Magahi dialects such as Kurmali, Khotta and Khottahi or even Khotta Bangla. There is a tribal presence in many of the CD Blocks of the district. Santali was spoken by around 14% of the population of the earlier Manbhum district. Some people also speak Mundari or Kolarian languages such as Kurmali, Mundari and the languages of Bhumij and Mahli. However, the small number of people speaking some of these languages, particularly the Bhumijes, gave rise to doubts that many tribals have been recording Bengali as their language in different censuses, although they still speak their languages amongst themselves.[18]

Religion

Religion in Para CD Block
Hindu
  
 79.53%
Muslim
  
 18.37%
Christian
  
 0.10%
Others
  
 2.00%

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 159,554 and formed 79.53% of the population in Para CD Block. Muslims numbered 36,853 and formed 18.37% of the population. Christians numbered 195 and formed 0.10% of the population. Others numbered 4,019 and formed 2.00% of the population.[19]Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[20]and other religious communities.[19]

In 2011, Hindus numbered 2,373,130 and formed 80.99% of the population in Puruliya district. Muslims numbered 227,249 and formed 7.76% of the population. Christians numbered 8,646 and formed 0.30% of the population. Others numbered 321,090 and formed 10.96% of the population. In West Bengal, Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[19]

BPL families

According to the summary report of the Rural Household Survey 2005, BPL families formed 32.85% of the families in Purulia district. In West Bengal as a whole, BPL families formed 34.12% of the families in the state. In Purulia district, the number of landless families formed 32.70% of the families in the district, agricultural labourers formed 41.03% and 13.76% of the families migrated for casual labour.[21]

Economy

Infrastructure

In 2013-14, Para CD Block had 59.85 km of surfaced roads under PWD, 29.50 km surfaced road and 11.70 km unsurfaed roads under Zilla Parishad, 65.30 km surfaced roads and 171.50 km unsurfaced roads under Gram Panchayat and Panchayat Samiti and 29.17 km surfaced roads under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana.[22]

119 mouzas in Para CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014. The total consumption of electricity in Purulia district in 2013-14 was 228,350 KWH, out of which 130,376 KWH was domestic consumption and 925 KWH was for agricultural irrigation and dewatering.[22]

Thermal Power Station

Santaldih Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation has a total capacity of 980 MW (4x120, 2x250).[23]

Agriculture

In Purulia district, cultivation is predominantly monocropped and more than half of the nett sown area is upland. Around 73% of the cultivated land is held in small patches by small and marginal farmers.[24]In 2013-14, nett sown area in Purulia district was 309,140 hectares. In Purulia district, 24,882 hectares of vested land was distributed amongst 97,393 beneficiaries up to 31 October 2013.[22]

In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Para CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 1.90%, patta (document) holders 11.35%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 3.88%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 28.42% and agricultural labourers 54.44%.[22]

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Para CD Block was 9,794.63 hectares, out of which 2,792.00 hectares were by canals, 6,162.63 hectares by tank water, 235.0 hectares by open dug wells and 635.00 hectares by other means.[22]

In 2013-14, Para CD Block produced 33,070 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 14,499 hectares. It also produced wheat, mustard and potatoes.[22]

Pisciculture

In Para CD Block, the net area undern effective pisciculture was 1,161 hectares in 2013-14. 9,132 persons were engaged in the profession. Approxiate annual production was 33,000 quintals.[22]

Banking

In 2013-14, Para CD Block had offices of 8 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.[22]

Transport

In 2013-14, Para CD Block had 7 originating/ terminating bus routes.[22]

Adra-Gomoh branch line of South-Eastern Railway passes through this CD Block. There is a station at Santaldih.[25]

The Adra-Chandil section of the Asansol-Tatanagar-Kharagpur line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD Block and there is a station at Anara.[26]

State Highway 8 (West Bengal) running from Santaldih (in Purulia district) to Majhdia (in Nadia district) originates in this CD Block.[27]

Education

In 2013-14, Para CD Block had 166 primary schools with 18,432 students, 26 middle schools with 2,143 students, 3 high schools with 2,250 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 17,204 students. Para CD Block had 2 professional/ technical institutions with 179 students and 289 institutions with 10,029 students for special and non-formal education.[22]

Healthcare

In 2014, Para CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 3 primary health centres, 1 medical centre of PSU/ other department and 1 private nursing home with total 156 beds and 29 doctors. 15,895 patients were treated indoor and 331,506 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[22]

References

  1. ↑ "Historical background". Purulia District. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  2. ↑ "Destination Purulia". Introduction. Purulia district adminstration. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  3. ↑ Houlton, Sir John, Bihar, the Heart of India, 1949, p. 170, Orient Longmans Ltd.
  4. ↑ "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  5. ↑ "Brief Industrial Profile of Purulia District, West Bengal" (PDF). Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Industries, Government of India. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  6. ↑ "Destination Purulia". District Profile. Purulia district adminstration. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 "Jaipur Block". onefivenine. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  8. ↑ "Purulia district". Blocks in Purulia district. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  9. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 2.1, 2.2,. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  10. ↑ "Para Development Block". Purulia district administration. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  11. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Puruliya" (PDF). Map of District Puruliya with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  12. ↑ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  14. ↑ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  15. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  16. ↑ "Purulia District: Census 2011 data". 2016 Digital Trends. Census Population 2015 Data. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  17. 1 2 "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  18. ↑ "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". Section 72, First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  19. 1 2 3 "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  20. ↑ "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  21. ↑ "BPL survey". Department of Panchayats and Rural Development. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 21.1, 8.2, 8.2(a), 5.1, 5.1(b), 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 18.3, 20.1, 21,2, 4.1, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  23. ↑ "Santaldih Thermal Power Station". WBPDCL. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  24. ↑ "purulia.nic.in". District profile - agriculture. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  25. ↑ "58604 Gomoh-Kharagpur Passenger". Time Table. indiarailinfo. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  26. ↑ "63594 Asansol-Purulia MEMU". Time Table. indiarailinfo. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  27. ↑ "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
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