Pandua (community development block)
| Pandua পাণ্ডুয়া | |
|---|---|
|
Community development block সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক | |
  Pandua Location in West Bengal, India | |
| Coordinates: 23°05′N 88°17′E / 23.08°N 88.28°ECoordinates: 23°05′N 88°17′E / 23.08°N 88.28°E | |
| Country |
 India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | Hooghly |
| Government | |
| • Type | Community development block |
| Area | |
| • Total | 282.75 km2 (109.17 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 18 m (59 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 316,197 |
| • Density | 1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali, English |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN |
712134 (Boinchi) 712149 (Pandua) |
| Area code(s) | 03454 |
| Vehicle registration | WB-15, WB-16, WB-18 |
| Literacy | 75.86% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Hooghly |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Panduai |
| Website |
hooghly |
Pandua is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Chinsurah subdivision of Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Overview
Hooghly district forms a part of the flat alluvial plains of the lower Gangetic delta. It lies on the western bank of the Hooghly, a distributary of the Ganges. The river bank of the Hooghly is heavily industrialised. The Dwarakeswar, in the western part of the district, forms the dividing line between the uplands and the plains. It is subsequently joined by the Shilabati to form the Rupnarayan, flowing along the western boundary of the district. The Damodar intersects the district. Human intervention in the form of construction of roads and railways and flood control measures have affected the topography. Urbanisation and industrialisation has altered land use pattern of the district. With a very high density of population (1,601 per km2), about 66% of the population live in the rural areas. In 2001, Hindus formed 83.63% of the population followed by Muslims, who formed 15.14% of the population. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes together constituted 43% of the population.[1]
Location
Pandua is located at 23°05′N 88°17′E / 23.08°N 88.28°E.
Pandua CD Block is bounded by Kalna II CD Block, in Bardhaman district, in the north, Balagarh and Chinsurah Mogra CD Blocks the east, Polba Dadpur CD Block in the south and Dhaniakhali and Memari I CD Block, the latter in Bardhaman district, in the west.[2][3]
It is located 27 km from Chinsurah, the district headquarters.[2]
Area and administration
Pandua CD Block has an area of 282.75 km2.[4]Pandua police station serves this CD Block. Pandua panchayat samity has 13 gram panchayats. The block has 156 inhabited villages.[5] Headquarters of this block is at Pandua.
Gram panchayats
Gram panchayats of Pandua block/ panchayat samiti are: Bantika-Boinchee, Belun-Damasin, Berala-Konchmali, Haral-Daspur, Ilosova-Daspur, Itachuna-Khanyan, Jamgram-Mondalal, Jamna, Jayar-Dwarbasini, Khirkundi-Namajgram-Niala, Panchghora-Toregram, Pandua, Rameswarpur-Gopalnagar, Sarai-Tinna, Sikhara-Champta and Simlagarh-Vitasin.[6]
Demographics
Population
As per 2011 Census of India Pandua CD Block had a total population of 316,197, of which 265,863 were rural and 50,334 were urban. There were 159,323 (50%) males and 156,874 (50%) females. Population below 6 years was 31,838. Scheduled Castes numbered 101,302 and Scheduled Tribes numbered 48,555.[7]
As per 2001 census, Pandua block had a total population of 283,004, out of which 142,487 were males and 140,517 were females. Pandua block registered a population growth of 16.12 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Hooghly district was 15.72 per cent.[4] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[8]
Census Towns and large villages
Census Towns in Pandua CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Batika (8,717), Pandua (30,700), Purusattompur (3,665) and Namajgram (7,252).[7]
Large villages in Pandua CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Berela (6,712), Bainchi (13,063), Sarai (4,043), Tinna (6,131), Champahati (6,128), Pontba (4,237), Haral (4,521), Rameswarpur (4,821), Dwarbasini (5,256), Khanyan (9,575) and Ilchobi (4,136).[7]
Literacy
As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Pandua CD Block was 215,701 (75.86% of the population over 6 years) out of which 117,603 (55%) were males and 98,098 (45%) were females.[7]
As per 2011 census, literacy in Hooghly district was 81.80%.[9] Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[10] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[10]
As per the 2001 census, Pandua block had a total literacy of 47.34 per cent. While male literacy was 66.05 per cent, female literacy was 58.35 per cent.[11]
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
| Literacy in CD Blocks of Hooghly district |
|---|
| Arambagh subdivision |
| Arambagh – 79.10 |
| Khanakul I – 77.73 |
| Khanakul II – 79.16 |
| Goghat I – 78.70 |
| Goghat II – 77.24 |
| Pursurah – 82.12 |
| Chandannagar subdivision |
| Haripal – 78.59 |
| Singur – 84.01 |
| Tarakeswar – 79.96 |
| Chinsurah subdivision |
| Balagarh – 76.94 |
| Chinsurah Mogra – 83.01 |
| Dhaniakhali – 75.66 |
| Pandua – 75.86 |
| Polba Dadpur – 75.14 |
| Srirampore subdivision |
| Chanditala I – 83.76 |
| Chanditala II – 84.78 |
| Jangipara – 75.34 |
| Sreerampur Uttarpara – 87.33 |
| Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data |
Language
Bengali is the local language in these areas.[2]
Religion
In 2011 census Hindus numbered 216,134 and formed 68.48% of the population in Pandua CD Block. Muslims numbered 76,357 and formed 24.15% of the population. Others numbered 23,006 and formed 7.27% of the population.[12]
In 2011, Hindus numbered 4,574,569 and formed 82.89% of the population in Hooghly district. Muslims numbered 870,204 and formed 15.77% of the population. In West Bengal Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[12]
Human Development Report
| Important Handicrafts of Hooghly District |
|---|
Source:District Human Development Report 2010: Hooghly P. 67 |
The first wave of industrialisation (in Hooghly district, as well as the region) came with the establishment of jute mills along the banks of the Hooghly River long back in the British era. The district has moved from an overwhelmingly rural society with a mere 14.92% of the population living in urban areas in 1901 to a more urban society with 33.47% of the population living in urban areas in 2001. Increasing urbanisation has opened up a broader range of livelihood opportunities. However, in 12 out of the 18 community development blocks in the district the entire population continued to live in the rural areas in 2001. The district presents a unique picture of 12 municipalities surrounded by rural areas.[13]
In the rural areas of the district while 14.95% of the total workers were cultivators, agricultural labourers were 24.31%, thereby indicating the huge pressure on land that outstrips its ownership. In Pandua CD Block, while cultivators were 13.93% of the total workers, agricultural labourers formed 49.90%. Household workers formed 3.08% and other workers 33.09%. Up to 30.11.2006 a total of 5,260 hectares of vested agricultural land was distributed amongst 71,643 persons in Hooghly district. Amongst different categories of workers engaged in agriculture in Pandua CD Block 9.51% were bargadars, 7.94% patta (ownership document) holders, 4.77% small farmers, 17.73% marginal farmers and 60.05% agricultural workers in 2001.[13]
Agricultural activities or cultivation is divided into two categories: crop cultivation and plantation (orchards). There is a general belief that plantations are more remunerative. In Pandua CD Block 82.34% of the land is used for crop cultivation and 9.3% for orchards. In Pandua CD Block 80.18% of the land is sown more than once. Pandua CD Block produced 52,520 tonnes of Aman paddy from 19,824 hectares, 38,900 tonnes of Boro paddy from 13,946 hectares, 1,530 tonnes of jute from 90 hectares and 184,840 tonnes of potatoes from 8,050 hectares in 2005-06. In Pandua CD Block out of the total cultivated area of 22,614 hectares 2,000 hectares is drought prone and 707 hectares is flood prone. The irrigation system in Hooghly district is based on five rivers: Bhagirathi, Damodar, Mundeswari, Darakeswar and Sankari. Erosion of the river banks of these rivers pose a problem in many areas, particularly the Khanakul area.[13]
Hooghly district has the distinction of all mouzas (villages) being electrified by 2005. In Pandua CD Block all 157 mouzas were electrified. However, in Pandua CD Block 33.68% of households owned houses with electricity and 37.39% households owned houses with toilets in 2001.[13]
In the rural areas of Hooghly district there are wide variations amongst the CD Blocks regarding families living below poverty line (BPL). The data provided in the table given below is based on a household survey for BPL list carried out by the state government in 2005.[13]
| BPL Households in CD Blocks of Hooghly district |
|---|
| Arambagh subdivision |
| Goghat I – 29.97% |
| Goghat II – 17.25% |
| Arambagh – 49.89% |
| Khanakul I – 11.10% |
| Khanakul II – 16.47% |
| Pursurah – 31.51% |
| Chinsurah Sadar subdivision |
| Dhaniakhali – 31.85% |
| Pandua – 34.30% |
| Balagarh – 11.19% |
| Chinsurah Mogra – 15.99% |
| Polba Dadpur – 28.54% |
| Chandannagar subdivision |
| Tarakeswar – 18.62% |
| Haripal – 27.56% |
| Singur – 18.39% |
| Srirampur subdivision |
| Jangipara – 32.05% |
| Chanditala I – 9.07% |
| Chanditala II – 8.98% |
| Sreerampur Uttarpara – 7.59% |
| Source: District Human Development Report: Hooghly, 2010, page 89 |
Economy
Infrastructure
Pandua CD Block had 9,772 hectares of canals. In Pandua CD Block 1,520.46 hectares was the nett area under effective pisiculture and 3,258 persons were engaged in the profession. Approximate annual production in 2003-04 was 60,662.2 qtl. In 2003-04 Pandua had 89.44 km of surfaced roads under PWD, 173.55 km surfaced roads under Zilla Parishad and 301.70 km unsurfaced roads under Zilla Parishad.[14]
Transport
Pandua CD Block has 3 ferry services and 10 originating/ terminating bus routes.[14]
Pandua is a railway station on the Howrah-Bardhaman main line, which was made operable from Howrah to Raniganj in 1855.[15]
Education
In 2003-04, Pandua CD Block had 183 primary schools with 30,809 students, 6 middle schools with 1,540 students, 24 high schools with 13,974 students and 11 higher secondary schools with 12,719 students. Pandua CD Block had 1 general college with 1,929 students, 1 professional and technical institute with 161 students and 322 institutions with 10,469 students for special and non-formal education.[14]
Healthcare
Pandua CD Block had 3 hospitals ( Pandua rural, Boinchigram rural and Itachuna rural ), 6 health centres, 45 clinics and 3 dispensaries with 69 beds and 10 doctors in 2003.[14]
References
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: Hooghly". Chapter I / Page 1, 3 - Published 2011. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- 1 2 3 "Pandua Block". onefivenine. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ↑ "Map of Hooghly district". District Profile. Hooghly district administration. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- 1 2 "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001 – Hooghly district. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
- ↑ "District Statistical Handbook – 2008 – Hooghly" (PDF). Table 2.1. Bureau of Applied Economics and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ↑ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Hooghly – Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
- ↑ "Hughli (Hooghly) Dustrict: Census 2011 data". 2016 Digital Trends. Census Population 2015 Data. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- 1 2 "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ↑ "Pandua". Local Self-government. Hooghly Zilla Parishad. Retrieved 2011-08-04.
- 1 2 "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "District Human Development Report: Hooghly". Pages - 31-40, 57, 60, 62-65, 73, 82, 225, 226-227. Published 2011. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 "District Statistical Handbook – 2004 – Hooghly" (PDF). Tables 3.1, 4.4, 4.5, 8.2, 18.2, 18.4, 21.1, 21.2. Bureau of Applied Economics and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- ↑ "The Chronology of Railway development in Eastern Indian". railindia. Retrieved 30 May 2016.