Tōhoku Shinkansen
| Tohoku Shinkansen | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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An E5 series shinkansen on a Hayabusa service in March 2011 | |||
| Overview | |||
| Native name | 東北新幹線 | ||
| Type | Shinkansen | ||
| Status | Operational | ||
| Locale | Japan | ||
| Termini |
Tokyo Shin-Aomori | ||
| Stations | 23 | ||
| Operation | |||
| Opened | 23 June 1982 | ||
| Owner | JR East | ||
| Depot(s) | Tokyo, Oyama, Nasushiobara, Sendai, Morioka, Shin-Aomori | ||
| Rolling stock | E2 series, E3 series, E5 series, E6 series, H5 series | ||
| Technical | |||
| Line length | 674.9 km | ||
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | ||
| Electrification | 25 kV AC, 50 Hz, overhead catenary | ||
| Operating speed | 320 km/h (200 mph) | ||
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The Tohoku Shinkansen (東北新幹線) is a Japanese high-speed Shinkansen rail line, connecting Tokyo with Aomori in Aomori Prefecture in a route length of 674 km (419 miles), making it Japan's longest Shinkansen line. It runs through the more sparsely populated Tōhoku region of Japan's main island, Honshu, and is being extended as the Hokkaido Shinkansen through the Seikan Tunnel to Shin-Hakodate (this section opened March 2016) and on to Sapporo by 2030. It has two Mini-shinkansen branch lines, the Yamagata Shinkansen and Akita Shinkansen. The line is operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Services
There are four services in operation:
- Hayabusa, Tokyo - Shin-Aomori limited-stop, starting 5 March 2011
- Hayate, Tokyo - Shin-Aomori limited-stop (slower than Hayabusa), starting December 2002
- Yamabiko, Tokyo - Sendai limited-stop, and all-stations to Morioka, starting June 1982
- Nasuno, Tokyo - Oyama/Nasushiobara/Kōriyama all-stations, starting 1995
One service has been discontinued:
- Aoba, Tokyo - Sendai all-stations, June 1982 - October 1997 (consolidated with Nasuno)
Through trains on the Akita Shinkansen and Yamagata Shinkansen lines also run on Tōhoku Shinkansen tracks from Morioka and Fukushima respectively.
As of 16 March 2013, the maximum line speed is 110 km/h (70 mph) between Tokyo and Ōmiya, 275 km/h (170 mph) between Ōmiya and Utsunomiya, 320 km/h (200 mph) between Utsunomiya and Morioka, and 260 km/h (160 mph) between Morioka and Shin-Aomori.[1][2] On 30 October 2012, JR East announced that it is pursuing research and development to increase speeds to 360 km/h (224 mph) on the Tohoku Shinkansen by 2020.[3]
List of stations
Rolling stock
As of March 2015, the following types are used on Tohoku Shinkansen services.
- E2 series: Hayate / Yamabiko / Nasuno services
- E3 series: Tsubasa / Yamabiko / Nasuno services
- E5 series: Hayabusa / Hayate / Yamabiko / Nasuno services
- E6 series: Komachi / Hayabusa / Yamabiko / Nasuno services
Types no longer used
- 200 series: Yamabiko / Nasuno services (1982 – November 2011)[4]
- 400 series: Tsubasa / Nasuno services (July 1992 – April 2010)
- E1 series: Max Yamabiko services (July 1994–December 1999)
- E4 series: Max Yamabiko / Max Nasuno services (until September 2012)
Non-revenue-earning types
Timeline
Rolling stock transitions
History
- 28 November 1971: Construction starts on the line.
- 23 June 1982: The Ōmiya-Morioka section opens.
- 14 March 1985: The Ueno-Ōmiya section opens.
- 20 June 1991: The Tokyo-Ueno section opens.
- October 1998: 1 billionth passenger carried on Tōhoku, Joetsu and Nagano Shinkansen lines.
- 1 December 2002: The Morioka-Hachinohe section opens.
- 13 April 2010: Test running starts on the extension from Hachinohe to Shin-Aomori.[5]
- 4 December 2010: The extension from Hachinohe to Shin-Aomori opens.[6]
- 5 March 2011: New Hayabusa services operating at 300 km/h commence operation between Tokyo and Shin-Aomori using new E5 series trainsets.[7]
- 23 June 2012: The line's 30th anniversary was celebrated, with approximately 1.93 billion passengers having been transported on the line.[8]
From Shin-Aomori, construction is underway to continue the line to Shin-Hakodate in Hokkaido (148.9 km, due to open by March 2016 under the name Hokkaido Shinkansen), passing through the world's longest undersea railway tunnel, the Seikan Tunnel, and a further 211.3 km to Sapporo by 2030.
The mountainous terrain that the line passes through has necessitated heavy reliance on tunnels. The Iwate-Ichinohe Tunnel on the Morioka-Hachinohe stretch, completed in 2000, was briefly the world's longest land rail tunnel at 25.8 km, but in 2005 it was superseded by the Hakkōda Tunnel on the extension to Aomori, at 26.5 km. In 2007 the Lötschberg Base Tunnel (34.57 km), and in 2010 the Gotthard Base Tunnel (57 km, bored through and due in service by 2016) in Switzerland superseded both.
Tohoku earthquake and tsunami
On the afternoon of 11 March 2011, services on the Tohoku Shinkansen were suspended as a result of the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. JR East estimated that around 1,100 repairs would be required for the line between Omiya and Iwate-Numakunai, ranging from collapsed station roofs to bent power pylons.[9]
Limited service on the line was restored in segments: Tokyo to Nasu-Shiobara was re-opened on 15 March, and Morioka to Shin-Aomori was re-opened on 22 March.[10] The line between Morioka and Ichinoseki re-opened on 7 April, Nasu-Shiobara and Fukushima on 12 April, and the rest of the line on or around 30 April, although not at full speed or a full schedule.[11][12][13] The trains returned to full-speed operations on 23 September 2011.[14]
Special event train services
25th anniversary
On 23 June 2007, 10-car set K47 was used for a special Yamabiko 931 service from Omiya to Morioka to mark the 25th anniversary of the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen.[15]
30th anniversary
On 23 June 2012, 10-car set K47 was used for a special Yamabiko 235 service from Omiya to Morioka to mark the 30th anniversary of the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen.[16]
References
- JR Timetable, December 2008
- ↑ "300km/hのトップランナー" [300 km/h Top Runners]. Japan Railfan Magazine. Vol. 52 no. 612. Japan: Kōyūsha Co., Ltd. April 2012. p. 14.
- ↑ JR East press release: "東北新幹線八戸～新青森間の開業時期について" (10 November 2008). Retrieved on 11 November 2008. (Japanese)
- ↑ グループ経営構想Ⅴ [Group Business Vision V] (PDF) (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. 30 October 2012. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 2, 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
- ↑ 東北新幹線：はやてにもＥ５系 ２００系は姿消す [E5 for Tohoku Shinkansen "Hayate" also - 200 series to disappear]. Mainichi.jp (in Japanese). Japan: The Mainichi Newspapers. 12 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
- ↑ "４月から八戸・新青森間で試験走行開始" (3 February 2010). Retrieved 3 February 2010. (Japanese)
- ↑ 東北新幹線 新青森開業等について [Opening of Tōhoku Shinkansen to Shin-Aomori] (PDF) (in Japanese). JR East. 11 May 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ↑ 新しい東北新幹線の列車愛称等の決定について [Name selected for new Tohoku Shinkansen services] (PDF) (in Japanese). JR East. 11 May 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ↑ Archived July 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑
- ↑ Archived March 25, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "東日本大震災：東北新幹線、７日に盛岡－一ノ関間運転再開". Mainichi Shimbun. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 4 April 2011.
- ↑ Kyodo News, "Tohoku Shinkansen to resume services on more sections", 12 April 2011.
- ↑ NHK, "Tohoku Shinkansen to fully resume April 30", 18 April 2011.
- ↑ Kyodo News, "Tohoku Shinkansen Line back to normal", Japan Times, 24 September 2011, p. 2.
- ↑ "JR東日本 "東北新幹線大宮開業25周年記念号" 運転" [JR East runs Tohoku Shinkansen 25th anniversary special train]. Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine. Vol. 36 no. 280. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbun. August 2012. p. 75.
- ↑ "JR東日本 東北新幹線が開業30周年を迎える" [JR East Celebrates 30th Anniversary of Tohoku Shinkansen Opening]. Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine. Vol. 41 no. 340. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbun. August 2012. p. 74.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tōhoku Shinkansen. |
- JR East website (Japanese)
- Japan blasts longest land tunnel
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