FOXP1

FOXP1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2KIU
Identifiers
Aliases	FOXP1, 12CC4, HSPC215, MFH, QRF1, hFKH1B, forkhead box P1
External IDs	OMIM: 605515 MGI: 1914004 HomoloGene: 136512 GeneCards: FOXP1
Genetically Related Diseases
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder[1]
Gene ontology Molecular function • metal ion binding • sequence-specific DNA binding • RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • protein self-association • androgen receptor binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • DNA binding • protein binding Cellular component • nucleoplasm • nucleus Biological process • regulation of monocyte differentiation • negative regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process • positive regulation of endothelial cell migration • transcription, DNA-templated • response to lipopolysaccharide • regulation of defense response to bacterium • regulation of interleukin-12 secretion • endothelial cell activation • regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion • regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis • macrophage activation • osteoclast development • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • T follicular helper cell differentiation • interleukin-21 secretion • regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor production • regulation of tumor necrosis factor production • regulation of inflammatory response • osteoclast differentiation • monocyte activation • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 secretion • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	27086	108655
Ensembl	ENSG00000114861	ENSMUSG00000030067
UniProt	Q9H334	P58462
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001012505 NM_001244808 NM_001244810 NM_001244812 NM_001244813 NM_001244814 NM_001244815 NM_001244816 NM_032682	NM_001197321 NM_001197322 NM_053202
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001012523.1 NP_001231737.1 NP_001231739.1 NP_001231741.1 NP_001231743.1 NP_001231744.1 NP_001231745.1 NP_116071.2	NP_001184250.1 NP_001184251.1 NP_444432.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 70.95 – 71.58 Mb	Chr 6: 98.93 – 99.52 Mb
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Forkhead box protein P1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXP1 gene. FOXP1 is necessary for the proper development of the brain, heart, and lung in mammals. It is a member of the large FOX family of transcription factors.

Function

This gene belongs to subfamily P of the forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Forkhead box transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of tissue- and cell type-specific gene transcription during both development and adulthood. Forkhead box P1 protein contains both DNA-binding- and protein-protein binding-domains. This gene may act as a tumor suppressor as it is lost in several tumor types and maps to a chromosomal region (3p14.1) reported to contain a tumor suppressor gene(s). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[4]

Foxp1 is a transcription factor; specifically it is a transcriptional repressor. Fox genes are part of a forkhead DNA-binding domain family. This domain binds to sequences in promoters and enhancers of many genes. Foxp1 regulates a variety of important aspects of development including tissue development of: the lungs, brain, thymus and heart. In the heart Foxp1 has 3 vital roles, these include the regulation of cardiac myocyte maturation and proliferation, outflow tract separation of the pulmonary artery and aorta, and expression of Sox4 in cushions and myocardium. Foxp1 is also an important gene in muscle development of the esophagus and esophageal epithelium. Foxp1 is also an important regulator of lung airway morphogenesis. Foxp1 knockout embryos display severe defects in cardiac morphogenesis. A few of these defects include myocyte maturation and proliferation defects that cause a thin ventricular myocardial compact zone, non-separation of the pulmonary artery and aorta, and cardiomyocyte proliferation increase and defective differentiation. These defects, caused by Foxp1 inactivation, lead to fetal death. Disruptions of FoxP1 have been identified in very rare human patients and – similarly to FoxP2 - lead to cognitive dysfunction, including intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, together with language impairment.^[5]

It was shown that the embryonic stem cell (ESC)-specific isoform of FOXP1 stimulates the expression of transcription factor genes required for pluripotency, including OCT4, NANOG, NR5A2, and GDF3, while concomitantly repressing genes required for ESC differentiation. This isoform also promotes the maintenance of ESC pluripotency and contributes to efficient reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. These results reveal a pivotal role for an Alternative splicing event in the regulation of pluripotency through the control of critical ESC-specific transcriptional programs.^[6]

The expression of FOXP1 was also implicated in the biology of B cell malignancies, and is regulated by non-coding RNA (miRNA) termed miR-150.^[7]

See also

• FOXP2
• FOXP3

References

1. "Diseases that are genetically associated with FOXP1 view/edit references on wikidata".
2. "Human PubMed Reference:".
3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
4. "Entrez Gene: FOXP1 forkhead box P1".
5. Bacon C, Rappold GA (Nov 2012). "The distinct and overlapping phenotypic spectra of FOXP1 and FOXP2 in cognitive disorders". Human Genetics. 131 (11): 1687–98. doi:10.1007/s00439-012-1193-z. PMC 3470686. PMID 22736078.
6. Gabut M, Samavarchi-Tehrani P, Wang X, Slobodeniuc V, O'Hanlon D, Sung HK, Alvarez M, Talukder S, Pan Q, Mazzoni EO, Nedelec S, Wichterle H, Woltjen K, Hughes TR, Zandstra PW, Nagy A, Wrana JL, Blencowe BJ (September 2011). "An alternative splicing switch regulates embryonic stem cell pluripotency and reprogramming". Cell. 147 (1): 132–46. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.08.023. PMID 21924763.
7. Mraz M, Chen L, Rassenti LZ, Ghia EM, Li H, Jepsen K, Smith EN, Messer K, Frazer KA, Kipps TJ (2014). "MiR-150 influences B-cell receptor signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by regulating expression of GAB1 and FOXP1". Blood. 124 (1): 84–95. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-09-527234. PMID 24787006.

Further reading

• Katoh M, Katoh M (2005). "Human FOX gene family (Review).". Int. J. Oncol. 25 (5): 1495–500. doi:10.3892/ijo.25.5.1495. PMID 15492844.
• Li C, Tucker PW (1994). "DNA-binding properties and secondary structural model of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head domain.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (24): 11583–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.24.11583. PMC 48028. PMID 8265594.
• Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z (2001). "Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells". Genome Res. 10 (10): 1546–60. doi:10.1101/gr.140200. PMC 310934. PMID 11042152.
• Banham AH, Beasley N, Campo E, Fernandez PL, Fidler C, Gatter K, Jones M, Mason DY, Prime JE, Trougouboff P, Wood K, Cordell JL (2002). "The FOXP1 winged helix transcription factor is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 3p". Cancer Res. 61 (24): 8820–9. PMID 11751404.
• Wolska MK, Bukowski K, Jakubczak A (2002). "[Occurrence of beta-lactamase type ESBL and IBL in Pseudomonas aeruginosa rods]". Medycyna doświadczalna i mikrobiologia. 53 (1): 45–51. PMID 11757404.
• Wang B, Lin D, Li C, Tucker P (2003). "Multiple domains define the expression and regulatory properties of Foxp1 forkhead transcriptional repressors". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (27): 24259–68. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207174200. PMID 12692134.
• Li S, Weidenfeld J, Morrisey EE (2004). "Transcriptional and DNA binding activity of the Foxp1/2/4 family is modulated by heterotypic and homotypic protein interactions". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (2): 809–22. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.2.809-822.2004. PMC 343786. PMID 14701752.
• Teramitsu I, Kudo LC, London SE, Geschwind DH, White SA (2004). "Parallel FoxP1 and FoxP2 expression in songbird and human brain predicts functional interaction". J. Neurosci. 24 (13): 3152–63. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5589-03.2004. PMID 15056695.
• Fox SB, Brown P, Han C, Ashe S, Leek RD, Harris AL, Banham AH (2004). "Expression of the forkhead transcription factor FOXP1 is associated with estrogen receptor alpha and improved survival in primary human breast carcinomas". Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (10): 3521–7. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0461. PMID 15161711.
• Shi C, Zhang X, Chen Z, Sulaiman K, Feinberg MW, Ballantyne CM, Jain MK, Simon DI (2004). "Integrin engagement regulates monocyte differentiation through the forkhead transcription factor Foxp1". J. Clin. Invest. 114 (3): 408–18. doi:10.1172/JCI21100. PMC 484980. PMID 15286807.
• Streubel B, Vinatzer U, Lamprecht A, Raderer M, Chott A (2005). "T(3;14)(p14.1;q32) involving IGH and FOXP1 is a novel recurrent chromosomal aberration in MALT lymphoma". Leukemia. 19 (4): 652–8. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403644. PMID 15703784.
• Banham AH, Connors JM, Brown PJ, Cordell JL, Ott G, Sreenivasan G, Farinha P, Horsman DE, Gascoyne RD (2005). "Expression of the FOXP1 transcription factor is strongly associated with inferior survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma". Clin. Cancer Res. 11 (3): 1065–72. PMID 15709173.
• Brown P, Marafioti T, Kusec R, Banham AH (2007). "The FOXP1 transcription factor is expressed in the majority of follicular lymphomas but is rarely expressed in classical and lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma". J. Mol. Histol. 36 (4): 249–56. doi:10.1007/s10735-005-6521-3. PMID 16200457.
• Giatromanolaki A, Koukourakis MI, Sivridis E, Gatter KC, Harris AL, Banham AH (2006). "Loss of expression and nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of the FOXP1 forkhead transcription factor are common events in early endometrial cancer: relationship with estrogen receptors and HIF-1alpha expression". Mod. Pathol. 19 (1): 9–16. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800494. PMID 16258506.
• Sagaert X, de Paepe P, Libbrecht L, Vanhentenrijk V, Verhoef G, Thomas J, Wlodarska I, De Wolf-Peeters C (2006). "Forkhead box protein P1 expression in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas predicts poor prognosis and transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma". J. Clin. Oncol. 24 (16): 2490–7. doi:10.1200/JCO.2006.05.6150. PMID 16636337.
• Haralambieva E, Adam P, Ventura R, Katzenberger T, Kalla J, Höller S, Hartmann M, Rosenwald A, Greiner A, Muller-Hermelink HK, Banham AH, Ott G (2007). "Genetic rearrangement of FOXP1 is predominantly detected in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with extranodal presentation". Leukemia. 20 (7): 1300–3. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2404244. PMID 16673020.
• Hannenhalli S, Putt ME, Gilmore JM, Wang J, Parmacek MS, Epstein JA, Morrisey EE, Margulies KB, Cappola TP (2006). "Transcriptional genomics associates FOX transcription factors with human heart failure". Circulation. 114 (12): 1269–76. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.632430. PMID 16952980.
• Weiguo Shu, Min Min Lu, Yuzhen Zhang, Philip W. Tucker, Deying Zhou, and Edward E. Morrisey. Foxp2 and Foxp1 cooperatively regulate lung and esophagus development. Development 2007 134:1991-2000; published ahead of print April 11, 2007, doi:10.1242/dev.02846 PMID 17428829
• Bin Wang, Joel Weidenfeld, Min Min Lu, Shanna Maika, William A. Kuziel, Edward E. Morrisey, and Philip W. Tucker. Foxp1 regulates cardiac outflow tract, endocardial cushion morphogenesis and myocyte proliferation and maturation. Development 2004 131:4477-4487; doi:10.1242/dev.01287

External links

• Further clinical details at OMIM Entry #613670 (Mental Retardation With Language Impairment and with or without Austistic Features)
• Additional information also at OMIM Entry #605515 (Forkhead Box P1)
• FOXP1 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.